Coal gangue improved soil structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of soil structure transformation, and particularly discloses a coal gangue improved soil structure which comprises a surface soil layer, a plough layer, a subsoil layer and a subsoil layer are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the surface soil layer, and an interception cloth layer is arranged at the bottom of the surface soil layer. A small-diameter coal gangue layer and a thin cloth coal gangue layer are filled between a subsoil layer and a subsoil layer which are low in porosity and poor in water permeability, and an isolation layer is formed through an interception cloth layer, so that the stability of coal gangue on deep soil aggregates is improved, and meanwhile, permeability unbalance is avoided; the space between the surface soil layer and the plowing layer is filled with the large-diameter coal gangue layer and the medium-diameter coal gangue layer with the large particle size, and the isolation layer is formed through the interception cloth layer, so that the effects of improving the water passing gaps in the positions of the surface soil layer and the plowing layer, improving the water infiltration space and improving the space for planting the plant roots to penetrate into the bottom of the plowing layer are achieved; the effect of accurately regulating and controlling soil improvement is achieved through a soil structure formed through particle size grading filling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil structure improvement technology, specifically to a method of using coal gangue to improve soil structure. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is rich in minerals such as silicon, aluminum, and iron, as well as trace nutrients, which can improve the physical structure and chemical properties of soil. However, the existing coal gangue soil filling structure usually adopts a uniform landfill method, and its overly concentrated filling surface can easily cause soil compaction or permeability imbalance. Therefore, it currently has certain negative impacts on the improvement of topsoil. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a method for improving soil structure using coal gangue. The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problems is as follows: a method for improving soil structure using coal gangue includes a topsoil layer, a cultivated layer, a subsoil layer, and a subsoil layer sequentially arranged at the bottom of the topsoil layer. An intercepting cloth layer is arranged at the bottom of the topsoil layer, filling the space between the topsoil layer and the cultivated layer. A sinking filling groove is arranged between the topsoil layer and the cultivated layer. Sinking reserved grooves are arranged between the subsoil layer and the subsoil layer. A bottom layer separating mesh is arranged at the bottom of the cultivated layer, filling the space between the bottom layer separating mesh and the subsoil layer with an intermediate secondary groove. A permeable filling layer is arranged between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer, comprising a coarse-diameter coal gangue layer, a medium-diameter coal gangue layer, a fine-diameter coal gangue layer, and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer.

[0004] Preferably, the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer is filled inside the topsoil layer, and the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer is intercepted above the cultivated layer by the sinking filling trough, and the particle size of the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer is 1mm.

[0005] Preferably, the medium-diameter coal gangue layer is filled inside the cultivated layer, and the medium-diameter coal gangue layer is intercepted above the subsoil layer by the bottom separator mesh, and the particle size of the medium-diameter coal gangue layer is 0.5mm.

[0006] Preferably, the inner sides of the subsoil layer and the bottom soil layer are respectively filled with a fine-diameter coal gangue layer and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer, wherein the particle size of the fine-diameter coal gangue layer is 0.1 mm.

[0007] Preferably, both the sinking filling groove and the sinking reserved groove have concave arc-shaped cross-sections. The sinking filling groove extends from the bottom of the topsoil layer to the top surface of the cultivated layer, and the sinking reserved groove extends from the bottom of the subsoil layer to the top surface of the cultivated layer.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: After the soil in the planting area is cultivated, the soil layers are divided into topsoil, cultivated layer, subsoil, and subsoil. Different particle sizes of coarse-diameter coal gangue, medium-diameter coal gangue, fine-diameter coal gangue, and sparsely distributed coal gangue are filled between the topsoil, cultivated layer, subsoil, and subsoil layers, respectively. Specifically, fine-diameter coal gangue and sparsely distributed coal gangue are filled between the subsoil and subsoil layers, which have low porosity and poor permeability, and this is achieved through the formation of an intercepting layer. The isolation layer ensures the stability of deep soil aggregates by coal gangue while avoiding permeability imbalance. The topsoil and cultivated layer are separated by filling with coarse-diameter and medium-diameter coal gangue layers and forming an isolation layer with intercepting cloth. This increases the gap between the topsoil and cultivated layer, improves water infiltration, and enhances the space for plant roots to penetrate to the bottom of the cultivated layer. The soil structure formed by particle size classification achieves precise regulation and soil improvement. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a composition diagram of a coal gangue-based soil improvement method according to this utility model.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a method for improving soil structure using coal gangue according to this utility model.

[0012] In the diagram: 1. Topsoil layer; 11. Settlement filling trench; 2. Topsoil layer; 3. Subsoil layer; 31. Settlement reserved trench; 4. Subsoil layer; 5. Intercepting cloth layer; 6. Bottom layer separating mesh; 61. Intermediate secondary groove; 7. Permeable filling layer; 71. Coarse-diameter coal gangue layer; 72. Medium-diameter coal gangue layer; 73. Fine-diameter coal gangue layer; 74. Sparsely distributed coal gangue layer. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0014] like Figure 1 - Figure 2As shown, the present invention relates to a method for improving soil structure using coal gangue, comprising a topsoil layer 1, a cultivated layer 2, a subsoil layer 3, and a subsoil layer 4 arranged sequentially at the bottom of the topsoil layer 1, an intercepting cloth layer 5 arranged at the bottom of the topsoil layer 1, the intercepting cloth layer 5 filling between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2, a sinking filling groove 11 arranged between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2, and sinking reserved grooves 31 arranged between the subsoil layer 3 and the subsoil layer 4, a bottom layer separating mesh 6 arranged at the bottom of the cultivated layer 2, and an intermediate secondary groove 61 filling the space between the bottom layer separating mesh 6 and the subsoil layer 3, and a permeable filling layer 7 arranged between the topsoil layer 1 and the subsoil layer 4, the permeable filling layer 7 comprising a coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71, a medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72, a fine-diameter coal gangue layer 73, and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer 74.

[0015] After the soil in the planting area is cultivated, it is divided into four layers: topsoil layer 1, tillage layer 2, subsoil layer 3, and subsoil layer 4. The topsoil layer 1 is 0-10cm deep from the surface to the deepest point in the soil; the tillage layer 2 is 10-30cm deep; the subsoil layer 3 is 30-50cm deep; and the subsoil layer 4 is 50-80cm deep. The soil layers are then divided into topsoil layer 1, tillage layer 2, and subsoil layer 4. The spaces between the subsoil layer 3 and the bottom soil layer 4 are filled with coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71, medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72, fine-diameter coal gangue layer 73, and sparsely distributed coal gangue layer 74, respectively. This means that the spaces between the subsoil layer 3 and the bottom soil layer 4, which have low porosity and poor permeability, are filled with fine-diameter coal gangue layer 73 and sparsely distributed coal gangue layer 74. An isolation layer is formed by the intercepting cloth layer 5 to ensure that the coal gangue improves the stability of the deep soil aggregates, while avoiding permeability imbalance.

[0016] The topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2 are separated by filling the gaps between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2 with coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 and medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72, and forming an isolation layer through the intercepting cloth layer 5. This improves the water flow between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2. The soil structure formed by the particle size classification and filling achieves the effect of precise regulation and soil improvement.

[0017] In one optional embodiment of this example, the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 is filled inside the topsoil layer 1, and the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 is intercepted above the cultivated layer 2 by the sinking filling trough 11. The particle size of the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 is 1 mm.

[0018] In one optional embodiment of this example, the medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72 is filled inside the cultivated layer 2, and the medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72 is intercepted above the subsoil layer 3 by the bottom separator 6. The particle size of the medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72 is 0.5mm.

[0019] In this embodiment, because the soil in the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2 has high compaction and low porosity, it easily hinders water infiltration and root penetration. Therefore, coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 and medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72 are filled with larger-diameter gangue to increase the passage gap between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2, thereby increasing the space for water infiltration and the penetration of plant roots into the bottom of the cultivated layer 2. At the same time, the setting of the sinking filling groove 11 increases the filling depth of the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 and the medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72. Compared with the planar filling method, the stress after the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 and the medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72 are filled can be concentrated in the direction of the sinking filling groove 11. Due to the increased number of coarse-diameter coal gangue layers 71 and medium-diameter coal gangue layers 72 at the sinking filling groove 11, the passage gap between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2 is further improved for root penetration and water infiltration.

[0020] In one optional embodiment of this example, the inner sides of the subsoil layer 3 and the bottom soil layer 4 are respectively filled with a fine-diameter coal gangue layer 73 and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer 74, wherein the particle size of the fine-diameter coal gangue layer 73 is 0.1 mm.

[0021] In one optional embodiment of this example, both the sinking filling groove 11 and the sinking reserved groove 31 have concave arc-shaped cross-sections. The sinking filling groove 11 extends from the bottom of the topsoil layer 1 to the top of the cultivated layer 2, and the sinking reserved groove 31 extends from the bottom of the subsoil layer 3 to the top of the cultivated layer 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped cavity is pre-excavated at the location of the subsoil layer 4 to provide clearance when the sinking reserved groove 31 blocks the coal gangue layer inside the subsoil layer 3, thereby allowing the coal gangue layer to have room to move when it sinks naturally, without causing overall displacement of the soil layer.

[0023] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: By filling the space between the low-porosity, poor-permeability subsoil layer 3 and the bottom soil layer 4 with a fine-diameter coal gangue layer 73 and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer 74, and forming an isolation layer through an intercepting cloth layer 5, the stability of the coal gangue aggregates in the deep soil is improved, while avoiding permeability imbalance. Meanwhile, between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2, a coarse-diameter coal gangue layer 71 and a medium-diameter coal gangue layer 72 with larger particle sizes are filled, and an isolation layer is formed through an intercepting cloth layer 5. This improves the space for water to pass through the gaps between the topsoil layer 1 and the cultivated layer 2, increases the space for water infiltration, and allows plant roots to penetrate to the bottom of the cultivated layer 2. The soil structure formed by the particle size classification achieves the effect of precise regulation and soil improvement.

[0024] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The descriptions of the above embodiments and specifications are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving soil structure using coal gangue, characterized in that, The structure includes a topsoil layer (1), at the bottom of which are arranged a cultivated layer (2), a subsoil layer (3), and a subsoil layer (4). A retaining cloth layer (5) is provided at the bottom of the topsoil layer (1), filling the space between the topsoil layer (1) and the cultivated layer (2). A sinking filling trough (11) is provided between the topsoil layer (1) and the cultivated layer (2). A sinking filling trough (11) is provided between the subsoil layer (3) and the subsoil layer (4). The pre-reserved trench (31) is provided with a bottom layer separator (6) at the bottom of the cultivated layer (2). The bottom layer separator (6) and the subsoil layer (3) are filled with an intermediate secondary groove (61). A permeable filling layer (7) is provided between the topsoil layer (1) and the subsoil layer (4). The permeable filling layer (7) includes a coarse-diameter coal gangue layer (71), a medium-diameter coal gangue layer (72), a fine-diameter coal gangue layer (73), and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer (74).

2. The method for improving soil structure with coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse-diameter coal gangue layer (71) is filled inside the topsoil layer (1). The coarse-diameter coal gangue layer (71) is intercepted above the cultivated layer (2) by the sinking filling trough (11). The particle size of the coarse-diameter coal gangue layer (71) is 1 mm.

3. The method for improving soil structure with coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The medium-diameter coal gangue layer (72) is filled inside the cultivated layer (2). The medium-diameter coal gangue layer (72) is intercepted above the subsoil layer (3) by the bottom partition net (6). The particle size of the medium-diameter coal gangue layer (72) is 0.5 mm.

4. The method for improving soil structure with coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner sides of the subsoil layer (3) and the bottom soil layer (4) are respectively filled with a fine-diameter coal gangue layer (73) and a sparsely distributed coal gangue layer (74), and the particle size of the fine-diameter coal gangue layer (73) is 0.1 mm.

5. The method of using coal gangue to improve soil structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the sinking filling groove (11) and the sinking reserved groove (31) is concave arc shape. The sinking filling groove (11) extends from the bottom of the topsoil layer (1) to the top surface of the cultivated layer (2), and the sinking reserved groove (31) extends from the bottom of the subsoil layer (3) to the top surface of the cultivated layer (2).

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