Device for studying animal myopia

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical experiment equipment, in particular to a device for studying animal myopia, which comprises a connecting seat and a connecting terminal, one end of the connecting base is used for being connected with the periorbital skin of an animal in a sewing mode, and the other end is detachably connected with the connecting terminal. The connecting seat or the connecting terminal is provided with an accommodating groove or the connecting seat and the connecting terminal are enclosed to form the accommodating groove; a first through hole is formed in the connecting seat, and a second through hole is formed in the connecting terminal; and the accommodating groove, the first through hole and the second through hole are oppositely communicated. The general design of the accommodating groove is compatible with shading and optical elements, and the modular expansion of one base and multiple terminals is realized by combining the detachable terminals. According to the device, through the integrated design of the fixed base and the replaceable function end, traditional separated FDM and LIM modeling tools are integrated into a unified platform, dynamic switching of two myopia induction modes is achieved in a single individual, and the technical bottlenecks that cross-mechanism research depends on multiple sets of devices and operation is complex are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical experimental equipment technology, and in particular to a device for studying myopia in animals. Background Technology

[0002] Myopia, as one of the leading visual health threats worldwide, still lacks a fully elucidated pathogenesis. Animal model studies play an irreplaceable role in revealing the mechanisms of refractive development regulation and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions. Based on the core principle of visual signal input alteration inducing myopia, various classic modeling methods have been established in the research field. Among them, form deprivation myopia (FDM) and lens-induced myopia (LIM) are two mainstream experimental modeling methods, which simulate different pathological stages of human myopia by blocking form stimulation or applying defocus signals, respectively. The FDM model typically uses an opaque eye patch to cover one side of the ocular surface to block visual input, while the LIM model uses a negative lens to alter the retinal imaging state to induce refractive shift. Although the two models have complementary value in mechanistic research, existing technical solutions have significant shortcomings in terms of functional integration, ease of operation, and biocompatibility.

[0003] First, the existing devices suffer from a significant problem of functional limitation. Since FDM modeling relies on physical visual obstruction, while LIM modeling requires precise fixation of optical lenses, traditional devices are mostly independently designed: the eye shield only supports FDM model construction, and the lens fixation device is only adapted to the needs of LIM models. This functional separation prevents researchers from simultaneously or alternately implementing combined interventions of the two models in the same animal, greatly limiting the experimental design for cross-mechanism interaction studies. For example, exploring the synergistic effect of form deprivation and optical defocus requires multiple devices operating in stages, increasing experimental complexity and potentially introducing confounding variables due to the time lag between model switching.

[0004] Secondly, the insufficient modularity of existing devices leads to low disassembly and assembly efficiency. The incompatible design of FDM and LIM modeling components forces researchers to completely dismantle the original device and reinstall the new components when converting models. Frequent disassembly and assembly operations are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to causing mechanical damage or stress to the periocular tissues of animals due to repeated fixation, thereby interfering with the stability of refractive parameter measurements.

[0005] In summary, the functional separation and operational inefficiency of existing modeling devices have become technical bottlenecks restricting research on the multiple mechanisms of myopia. Developing an integrated, flexibly switchable, multifunctional device capable of constructing both FDM and LIM models in a single unit, while simultaneously meeting the requirements for rapid assembly and disassembly, is of great significance for improving the experimental efficiency of myopia mechanism research. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention provides a device for studying myopia in animals, which solves the technical problem that existing animal myopia research devices have limited functionality, making it impossible to implement combined interventions simultaneously or alternately in the same animal, thus restricting the experimental design of cross-mechanism interactive studies.

[0007] This utility model provides a device for studying myopia in animals, comprising:

[0008] Connecting base and connecting terminals;

[0009] One end of the connector is used for suturing to the skin around the eyes of an animal, and the other end is detachably connected to the connector terminal.

[0010] The connector or the connector terminal is provided with a receiving groove, or the connector and the connector terminal form the receiving groove;

[0011] The connector has a first through hole, and the connector terminal has a second through hole.

[0012] The receiving groove, the first through hole, and the second through hole are directly connected.

[0013] In a first possible device for studying myopia in animals, the connecting base includes an annular plate and N surrounding plates, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0014] N of the surrounding plates are distributed around the circumference of the third through hole of the annular plate, forming a fourth through hole that is directly opposite to the third through hole and of the same size. The three through holes and the fourth through hole constitute the first through hole.

[0015] The annular plate has M fifth through holes arranged in a circle. The depth direction of the fifth through hole is parallel to the depth direction of the third through hole, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0016] The connecting terminal has a countersunk hole. The larger section of the countersunk hole is used for interference fit with the N surrounding plates, and the smaller section of the countersunk hole constitutes the second through hole.

[0017] In conjunction with the first possible device for studying myopia in animals, in the second possible device for studying myopia in animals, when the receiving slot is disposed on the connecting seat, a first support protrusion is provided on the inner side of the enclosure.

[0018] The first support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the third through hole;

[0019] The first support protrusion and the end of the surrounding plate away from the annular plate form the receiving groove.

[0020] In conjunction with the first possible device for studying myopia in animals, in the third possible device for studying myopia in animals, when the receiving groove is disposed on the connecting terminal, the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole is provided with a second support protrusion.

[0021] The second support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the countersunk hole;

[0022] The receiving groove is located between the second support protrusion and the bottom wall of the large hole section.

[0023] In conjunction with the third possible device for studying myopia in animals, in the fourth possible device for studying myopia in animals, the second support protrusion is a ring-shaped protrusion or multiple protrusions spaced apart.

[0024] In conjunction with the first possible device for studying myopia in animals, in the fifth possible device for studying myopia in animals, when the receiving groove is formed by the connecting seat and the connecting terminal, the inner side of the enclosure is provided with a first support protrusion, and the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole is provided with a second support protrusion.

[0025] The first support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the third through hole;

[0026] The second support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the countersunk hole;

[0027] The first support protrusion, the end of the surrounding plate away from the annular plate, and the top surface of the second support protrusion together form the receiving groove.

[0028] In conjunction with the first possible device for studying myopia in animals, in the sixth possible device for studying myopia in animals, M of the fifth through holes are arranged at equal intervals.

[0029] In conjunction with one possible device for studying animal myopia, a first possible device for studying animal myopia, a second possible device for studying animal myopia, a third possible device for studying animal myopia, a fourth possible device for studying animal myopia, a fifth possible device for studying animal myopia, or a sixth possible device for studying animal myopia, a seventh possible device for studying animal myopia further includes:

[0030] A negative lens group, which includes multiple negative lenses of different powers;

[0031] The negative lens is adapted to the receiving groove.

[0032] In conjunction with one possible device for studying animal myopia, a first possible device for studying animal myopia, a second possible device for studying animal myopia, a third possible device for studying animal myopia, a fourth possible device for studying animal myopia, a fifth possible device for studying animal myopia, or a sixth possible device for studying animal myopia, the eighth possible device for studying animal myopia further includes:

[0033] A light-shielding element, which is made of an opaque material;

[0034] The light-shielding element is adapted to the receiving groove.

[0035] In conjunction with one possible device for studying animal myopia, a first possible device for studying animal myopia, a second possible device for studying animal myopia, a third possible device for studying animal myopia, a fourth possible device for studying animal myopia, a fifth possible device for studying animal myopia, or a sixth possible device for studying animal myopia, the ninth possible device for studying animal myopia further includes:

[0036] An Elizabethan collar worn around the neck of an animal.

[0037] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0038] The connector is sutured to the skin around the animal's eye, serving as a stable base platform and avoiding mechanical damage to the tissue from frequent disassembly and assembly. The connector terminal and the connector are detachably connected (e.g., with snaps, threads, etc.), allowing for quick replacement or adjustment and dynamic adaptation of functional components. The receiving slot enclosed by the connector and / or terminal can accommodate different experimental components. For example, placing opaque materials (e.g., light-blocking eye shields) in the receiving slot can block visual input, achieving form deprivation and forming an FDM model. A negative lens can be fixed in the receiving slot, maintaining the optical path through a second through-hole to defocus the retinal image and induce myopia, forming a LIM model. The first through-hole (connector) and the second through-hole (connector terminal) are directly opposite and connected, ensuring precise matching of the optical path between the lens and the eyeball in the LIM model (avoiding obstruction or deviation), while providing a physically sealed support for the FDM model. Researchers can perform FDM and LIM interventions alternately in the same animal without removing the sutured base, simply by changing the connection terminals (such as switching from the light-shielding terminal to the lens terminal). They can even apply two stimuli simultaneously (e.g., FDM in one eye and LIM in the other eye) through a dual-channel design. The universal design of the receiving slot is compatible with light-shielding and optical components, and the modular expansion of "one base with multiple terminals" is achieved by combining detachable terminals.

[0039] This device integrates traditionally separate FDM and LIM modeling tools into a unified platform through an integrated design of "fixed base + interchangeable functional end". It enables dynamic switching between two myopia induction modes in a single individual, solving the technical bottleneck of cross-mechanism research relying on multiple devices and complex operation, and providing a key experimental tool for exploring the multi-factor interaction mechanism of myopia.

[0040] After removing the connector, the first through-hole of the connector remains open, forming a detection window directly reaching the eyeball. The optical path of the detection equipment (such as an optometer or axial length measuring instrument) can directly cover the pupil area through this through-hole, avoiding obstruction of the detection by the base structure. Therefore, without disassembling the entire device, simply removing the connector allows the detection instrument to directly contact the eye through the first through-hole for operations such as refraction or axial length measurement. The modular design of "fixed base + detachable functional end" supports a non-destructive detection process, solving the problems of device removal and the introduction of operational variables in traditional technologies. This provides crucial technical convenience for high-frequency, high-precision parameter acquisition in animal myopia research. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for studying myopia in animals, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a device for studying myopia in animals, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of a device for studying myopia in animals, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another partial structure of a device for studying myopia in animals, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another partial structure of a device for studying myopia in animals, provided as an embodiment of this utility model;

[0047] in:

[0048] 1. Connecting seat 11, First through hole 12, Circular ring plate

[0049] 13. Enclosure panel; 14. Fifth through hole; 15. First support protrusion.

[0050] 2. Connecting terminal 21, second through hole 22, countersunk hole

[0051] 3. Negative lens 4. Light-blocking element. Detailed Implementation

[0052] This utility model provides a device for studying myopia in animals. The technical problem it solves is that the existing animal myopia research devices have a single function, which makes it impossible to implement compound interventions simultaneously or alternately in the same animal, thus limiting the experimental design of cross-mechanism interactive studies.

[0053] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a replaceable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0056] The current devices suffer from a significant problem of functional limitation. Since FDM modeling relies on physical visual obstruction, while LIM modeling requires precise fixation of optical lenses, traditional devices are often independently designed: the eye shield only supports FDM model construction, and the lens fixation device is only adapted to the needs of LIM models. This functional separation prevents researchers from simultaneously or alternately implementing combined interventions of both models in the same animal, greatly limiting the experimental design for cross-mechanism interaction studies. For example, exploring the synergistic effect of form deprivation and optical defocus requires multiple devices operating in stages, increasing experimental complexity and potentially introducing confounding variables due to the time lag between model switching. Example

[0057] Please see Figure 1-5 The device for studying myopia in animals provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0058] Connecting seat 1 and connecting terminal 2; one end of connecting seat 1 is used for suturing to the skin around the eyes of an animal, and the other end is detachably connected to connecting terminal 2; a receiving groove is provided on connecting seat 1 or connecting terminal 2, or connecting seat 1 and connecting terminal 2 form a receiving groove; a first through hole 11 is provided on connecting seat 1, and a second through hole 21 is provided on connecting terminal 2; the receiving groove, the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 are directly connected.

[0059] It should be noted that:

[0060] The function of connector 1 is to provide a stable base: one end of connector 1 is fixed to the skin around the animal's eye by suturing, providing stable mechanical support for the device and preventing data deviations caused by device displacement during experiments. Furthermore, the first through-hole 11 on connector 1 faces the animal's eyeball, maintaining the optical path (e.g., the optical path of a lens in a LIM model) or serving as a sealed boundary for light-shielding components (e.g., blocking visual input in an FDM model). Simultaneously, the internal accommodating groove is used to hold different experimental components (e.g., light-shielding materials, negative lens 3). In terms of operation: after suturing, connector 1 remains as a long-term base around the animal's eye, avoiding mechanical damage to the tissue from repeated disassembly and reassembly. The precise alignment of the first through-hole 11 with the eyeball ensures the functionality of optical elements (e.g., lenses) or light-shielding components during subsequent installation of connector 2.

[0061] The function of the connecting terminal 2 is as a carrier for functional modules: the connecting terminal 2 is detachably connected to the connecting base 1, and the receiving groove formed by the connecting terminal 2 and the connecting base 1 is used to hold different experimental components (such as light-shielding materials, negative lenses 3). Furthermore, the second through hole 21 on the connecting terminal 2 is directly opposite to the first through hole 11, used to adapt to optical elements (such as the light transmission path of the negative lens 3) or to completely block visual signals in conjunction with the receiving groove. The terminal type can be quickly changed through detachable connection methods such as magnetic attraction, snap-fit, and threads (such as a light-shielding terminal with light-shielding material installed in the receiving groove or a lens terminal with a negative lens 3 installed in the receiving groove), realizing the switching between FDM and LIM models. The alignment design of the second through hole 21 and the first through hole 11 ensures accurate coverage of the light path or the blocking area, avoiding experimental errors caused by light leakage or lens misalignment.

[0062] The receiving slot is formed by the connector 1 and connector 2, either individually or together, providing a standardized space for experimental components such as light-shielding materials and lenses, ensuring stable fixation and quick replacement. Depending on experimental requirements, opaque materials (such as black silicone) or translucent materials can be embedded in the receiving slot to construct an FDM model, or a negative lens 3 can be fixed to construct a LIM model. The size and shape of the receiving slot are adapted to standard experimental components, avoiding loose installation or functional failure due to component size differences.

[0063] The aligned connection design of the first through-hole 11 and the second through-hole 21 ensures that the optical axis of the negative lens 3 in the LIM model coincides with the optical path of the eyeball, avoiding defocus signal deviation. In the FDM model, the through-hole alignment structure provides a sealed boundary for the light-shielding component, preventing external light from interfering with the form-deprivation effect through gaps. Mechanical limiting structures (such as flanges and grooves) ensure that the through-holes are automatically aligned during the installation of the connecting terminal 2, simplifying the operation process.

[0064] After connector 1 is sutured and fixed, researchers select the appropriate connector 2 (such as a light-shielding connector or a lens connector) according to their needs. The selected connector is quickly connected to connector 1, the through-holes automatically align, and the pre-installed components (light-shielding material or lens) in the receiving slot immediately take effect. In the LIM model, the negative lens 3 is fixed in the receiving slot, and the alignment of the first through-hole 11 and the second through-hole 21 ensures that the lens optical axis matches the eye's refractive system, accurately transmitting the defocus signal. In the FDM model, the light-shielding material fills the receiving slot and covers the through-hole alignment area, completely blocking visual input, and the sealing design at the through-hole edges prevents light leakage. By changing the connector type, the same animal can alternate between FDM (light-shielding) and LIM (lens) interventions, and even simultaneously apply both stimuli to one eye (e.g., connecting the light-shielding connector to the left eye and the lens connector to the right eye), supporting cross-mechanism interaction studies. Long-term fixation of connector 1 avoids repeated suturing, and connector replacement takes only a few seconds, significantly shortening model switching time and reducing animal stress.

[0065] The beneficial effects of this embodiment include:

[0066] 1. Connector 1 is fixed to the skin around the animal's eye by suturing, serving as a stable base platform and avoiding mechanical damage to the tissue caused by frequent disassembly and assembly. Connector terminal 2 is detachably connected to connector 1 (e.g., snap-fit, threaded connection), allowing for quick replacement or adjustment and dynamic adaptation of functional components. The receiving slot enclosed by connector 1 and / or terminal can accommodate different experimental components. For example, an opaque material (e.g., a light-blocking eye mask) can be placed in the receiving slot to block visual input, achieving form deprivation and forming an FDM model. A negative lens 3 is fixed in the receiving slot, maintaining the optical path through the second through hole 21, causing the retina to defocus to induce myopia and form a LIM model. The first through hole 11 (connector 1) and the second through hole 21 (connector terminal 2) are directly connected to ensure that the optical path of the lens and the eyeball in the LIM model is precisely matched (avoiding obstruction or deviation), while providing a physically sealed support for the FDM model. Researchers can perform FDM and LIM interventions alternately in the same animal without removing the sutured base, simply by replacing the connecting terminal 2 (e.g., switching from the light-shielding terminal to the lens terminal). They can even apply two stimuli simultaneously (e.g., FDM in one eye and LIM in the other eye) through a dual-channel design. The universal design of the receiving slot is compatible with light-shielding and optical components, and the modular expansion of "one base with multiple terminals" is achieved by combining detachable terminals, supporting seamless switching between FDM and LIM models and breaking through the limitations of traditional devices with fragmented functions.

[0067] 2. This device integrates the traditionally separate FDM and LIM modeling tools into a unified platform through the integrated design of "fixed base + interchangeable functional end". It enables dynamic switching between two myopia induction modes in a single individual, solving the technical bottleneck of cross-mechanism research relying on multiple devices and complex operation, and providing a key experimental tool for exploring the multi-factor interaction mechanism of myopia.

[0068] 3. After removing the connecting terminal 2, the first through hole 11 of the connecting base 1 remains open, forming a detection window directly reaching the eyeball. The optical path of the detection equipment (such as an optometer or axial length measuring instrument) can directly cover the pupil area through this through hole, avoiding obstruction of the detection by the base structure. Therefore, without disassembling the entire device, only the terminal needs to be removed, allowing the detection instrument to directly contact the eye through the first through hole 11 for operations such as optometry or axial length measurement. Through the modular design of "fixed base + detachable functional end", a non-destructive detection process is supported, solving the problem of needing to remove the device and introduce operational variables in traditional technologies, providing key technical convenience for high-frequency, high-precision parameter acquisition in animal myopia research.

[0069] 4. Connector 1 is permanently fixed to the animal body, and functional conversion can be completed simply by changing the terminal, avoiding tissue trauma caused by repeated suturing (traditional techniques require complete removal and installation of a new device). This reduces operation time and animal stress during model switching.

[0070] 5. The alignment design of the through holes ensures the positional stability of the optical components and avoids defocusing errors caused by lens misalignment; the permanent fixation of connector 1 reduces the impact of mechanical disturbance on refractive measurements. It also reduces interference from experimental variables (such as intraocular pressure fluctuations and corneal abrasions) caused by frequent disassembly and assembly.

[0071] A preferred embodiment of the connecting seat 1 and the connecting terminal 2: The connecting seat 1 includes an annular plate 12 and N surrounding plates 13, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the N surrounding plates 13 are distributed circumferentially along the third through hole of the annular plate 12, forming a fourth through hole that is directly opposite to and the same size as the third through hole, and the third through hole and the fourth through hole constitute a first through hole 11; the annular plate 12 has M circumferentially arranged fifth through holes 14, the depth direction of the fifth through holes 14 is parallel to the depth direction of the third through holes, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the connecting terminal 2 has a countersunk hole 22, the large section of the countersunk hole 22 is used for interference fit with the N surrounding plates 13, and the small section of the countersunk hole 22 constitutes a second through hole 21. Detailed structure of the connecting seat 1: The annular plate 12 serves as the main support structure of the connecting seat 1, providing a suture interface with the skin around the animal's eyes and a mounting base for the surrounding plates 13. A third through hole is formed in the center of the annular plate 12, serving as the core channel for the light path or blocking area, and together with the subsequent surrounding plate 13, it forms the first through hole 11. Multiple fifth through holes 14 are formed along the edge of the annular plate 12, evenly distributed around the circumference, for suture fixation. Multi-point sutures disperse the force on the skin around the eye, reducing local tissue pressure. The surrounding plate 13 is vertically fixed to the surface of the annular plate 12, distributed around the circumference of the third through hole, together forming a fourth through hole, which is directly opposite to and the same size as the third through hole, forming a continuous through hole 11. The height and spacing of the surrounding plate 13 are adapted to the size of the countersunk hole 22 of the connecting terminal 2, ensuring the stability of the interference fit. The fourth through hole is coaxially aligned with the third through hole, ensuring complete coverage of the light path or light-blocking area. The structure of the connecting terminal 2 is refined: the countersunk hole 22 is divided into a large hole section and a small hole section. The large hole section has an interference fit with the surrounding plate 13 of the connecting seat 1, achieving physical locking; the small hole section forms the second through hole 21, which communicates with the first through hole 11. The inner diameter of the large-hole section is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the surrounding plate 13. Through elastic deformation (such as using medical-grade silicone material), it forms an interference fit with the surrounding plate 13, ensuring a stable connection between the terminal and the connector 1. The diameter of the small-hole section is consistent with the first through hole 11 (the combination of the third and fourth through holes), ensuring precise alignment of the optical path or the blocking area. When the surrounding plate 13 is inserted into the large-hole section of the countersunk hole 22, the interference fit generates radial friction, which tightly fixes the connecting terminal 2 to the connector 1, resisting displacement caused by animal activity or external forces. The multiple fifth through holes 14 of the annular plate 12 disperse the fixing force through multi-point suturing, reducing the traction damage to the periocular skin caused by single-point suturing. During installation, the large-hole section of the countersunk hole 22 is aligned with the surrounding plate 13 and pressed down, and the alignment and locking are automatically completed by the guidance of the surrounding plate 13. During disassembly, the connecting terminal 2 can be quickly separated by gently pulling it outward to overcome the interference friction between the surrounding plate 13 and the countersunk hole 22. This design achieves "one-press locking and one-pull disassembly" through interference fit, further shortening the model switching time. The number of enclosure panels 13 (N) and the number of fifth through holes 14 (M) can be adjusted according to the size of the animal's eyelids (for example, N=3, M=4 for small rodents, N=4, M=6 for guinea pigs or rabbits), improving the versatility of the device.Further structural optimization of connector 1 and connector 2 improves the stability and optical accuracy of the device connection, providing a reliable hardware foundation for high-precision myopia mechanism research (such as micro-defocus modulation and long-term refractive development tracking).

[0072] One embodiment of the receiving groove on the connecting seat 1: When the receiving groove is installed on the connecting seat 1, a first support protrusion 15 is provided on the inner side of the surrounding plate 13; the first support protrusion 15 extends along the diameter direction of the third through hole; the first support protrusion 15 and the end of the surrounding plate 13 away from the annular plate 12 form the receiving groove. Specifically, the function of the first support protrusion 15 is to limit and support the component: the first support protrusion 15 is provided on the inner side of the surrounding plate 13 and extends along the diameter direction (radial) of the third through hole, forming radial limitation and bottom support for the experimental component (such as light-shielding material, lens). The first support protrusion 15 and the end of the surrounding plate 13 away from the annular plate 12 (i.e., the top edge of the surrounding plate 13) together form the receiving groove, providing a fixed space for the experimental component. The height of the first support protrusion 15 is much lower than the radius of the third through hole. The vertical distance between its side near the opening of the third through hole and the top of the enclosure 13 forms the depth of the receiving groove, which is suitable for standard thickness experimental components (such as a 1mm light shield or a 2mm lens). Multiple first support protrusions 15 are evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the enclosure 13 (for example, when N=3 enclosures 13, one protrusion is provided on the inner side of each enclosure 13), forming an annular support surface to prevent the component from tilting or falling off. If the light shielding material (such as a black silicone sheet) is cut into a circular piece with the same inner diameter as the receiving groove, it is embedded and supported by the first support protrusion 15, and the top is pressed and fixed by the connecting terminal 2. The receiving groove enclosed by the first support protrusion 15 and the top of the enclosure 13 provides a size-matched installation space for the light shielding material or lens, ensuring that the component is centered. When replacing the experimental component, only the connecting terminal 2 needs to be removed, and the old component can be directly taken out from above and replaced with the new component without disassembling the sewn-fixed connecting seat 1. The depth of the receiving groove can be adapted to components of different thicknesses by adjusting the position of the first support protrusion 15, supporting diverse experimental needs (such as superimposed filters). After the light-shielding material is embedded in the receiving groove, the small hole segment (second through hole 21) of the connecting terminal 2 is completely covered, blocking all light from passing through the first through hole 11 (third through hole + fourth through hole), thus obtaining the FDM model. When the lens is installed in the receiving groove, the optical axis of the lens coincides with the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, and the defocus signal is transmitted to the eyeball through the through hole, thus obtaining the LIM model. The design of the receiving groove formed by the first support protrusion 15 and the surrounding plate 13, which combines radial limiting and axial pressing, ensures that the positional error of the experimental components (such as lenses) is small, improves the component fixing accuracy, and meets the needs of high-precision defocus research.

[0073] One embodiment of the receiving groove on the connecting terminal 2: When the receiving groove is provided on the connecting terminal 2, the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22 is provided with a second support protrusion (not shown in the figure); the second support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the countersunk hole 22; the receiving groove is located between the second support protrusion and the bottom wall of the large hole section. Specifically, the function of the second support protrusion is to limit and support the component. The second support protrusion is provided on the hole wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22 (i.e., the inner side of the hole wall that is interference-fitted with the surrounding plate 13), and extends along the diameter direction (radial) of the countersunk hole 22, forming radial limitation and bottom support for the experimental component (such as light-shielding material, lens). The space between the second support protrusion and the bottom wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22 (the side near the small hole section) constitutes the receiving groove for fixing the experimental component. The height of the second support protrusion is much smaller than the radius of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22. The vertical distance between its side near the bottom wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22 and the hollow bottom wall forms the depth of the receiving hole, accommodating experimental components of different thicknesses. Multiple second support protrusions are evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22, forming an annular support surface to ensure that the experimental component is centered and fixed. The receiving groove structure is refined: the receiving groove is located inside the connecting terminal 2. After the experimental component (such as a light shield or lens) is embedded, the experimental component is fixed by the interference fit between the connecting terminal 2 and the connecting seat 1. The component in the receiving groove completely covers the entrance of the small hole section of the countersunk hole 22 (second through hole 21), ensuring complete light shielding in FDM mode or accurate light transmission in LIM mode. Experimenters can prefabricate various functional terminals (such as lens terminals with different diopter powers, filter terminals), and each type of terminal has a corresponding experimental component (lens or light shield) built in. When switching models, the entire connecting terminal 2 is replaced directly without the need to disassemble and assemble the component separately. In experiments requiring frequent switching of intervention modes (such as daily alternation of FDM / LIM), the rapid replacement of prefabricated terminals (second-level operation) significantly reduces experimental preparation time. Through structural innovation, experimental components are integrated into the connection terminal 2, achieving plug-and-play functionality of the functional terminals and high-precision control of the optical path while maintaining connection stability. This provides a standardized solution for high-throughput, multi-parameter experiments in animal myopia research.

[0074] The second support protrusion has a refined form: Annular protrusion form: A continuous annular protrusion is set on the wall of the large hole section of countersunk hole 22, forming a 360° annular support surface, providing uniform radial restraint and bottom support for experimental components (such as lenses and light shields). The annular protrusion is in close contact with the outer edge of the experimental component, blocking external light from seeping in from the component edge (FDM mode) or defocus signal leakage (LIM mode). The inner diameter of the annular protrusion is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the experimental component, generating pressure through elastic deformation (e.g., using medical-grade silicone for connecting terminal 2), achieving gapless fixation of the component. Spaced protrusion form: Multiple spaced protrusions (e.g., 3-6) are evenly arranged circumferentially along the wall of the large hole section of countersunk hole 22, ensuring component restraint while reducing material usage and terminal weight. The gaps between the protrusions provide visual or tactile alignment marks for component insertion, simplifying the installation process. The inner circle diameter of the spaced protrusion is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the experimental component, and the protrusion undergoes elastic deformation when the component is inserted. Annular protrusions are suitable for: FDM models requiring high sealing, where the annular protrusion makes full circumferential contact with the outer edge of the light-shielding plate to prevent light leakage at the edges. In LIM models, the annular protrusion ensures that the lens optical axis is strictly coaxial with the through-hole, avoiding defocusing. Spaced protrusions are suitable for: experiments requiring frequent component replacement, where the gaps between the spaced protrusions facilitate the insertion of tools such as tweezers to assist in component removal. For weight-sensitive animal models (such as mice), spaced protrusions reduce terminal weight and decrease mechanical load on the eyelids. Annular protrusions are primarily used for experiments requiring long-term fixation and strict light shielding, while spaced protrusions are suitable for short-term, high-frequency replacements or lightweight applications, expanding the device's application range. Through the innovative design of the second support protrusion, while maintaining the advantages of built-in fixation of the connecting terminal 2, it provides options for sealing and lightweighting, offering a flexible and economical solution for diverse experimental needs in animal myopia research (such as long-term high-precision observation and short-term high-throughput screening).

[0075] One embodiment of the receiving groove is formed by the connecting seat 1 and the connecting terminal 2: When the receiving groove is formed by the connecting seat 1 and the connecting terminal 2, a first support protrusion 15 is provided on the inner side of the surrounding plate 13, and a second support protrusion is provided on the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22; the first support protrusion 15 extends along the diameter direction of the third through hole; the second support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the countersunk hole 22; the first support protrusion 15, the end of the surrounding plate 13 away from the annular plate 12, and the top surface of the second support protrusion form the receiving groove. Specifically, the function of the first support protrusion 15 is to provide bottom support and radial limitation. The first support protrusion 15 is provided on the inner side of the surrounding plate 13 and extends along the diameter direction (radial) of the third through hole, providing bottom support for experimental components (such as light shields, lenses) and limiting their horizontal displacement. The top of the first support protrusion 15 and the end of the surrounding plate 13 away from the annular plate 12 (the top edge of the surrounding plate 13) together form the lower boundary of the receiving groove. The second support protrusion serves to press down on the top and enhance sealing. It is located on the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole 22, extending radially along the hole diameter. During terminal installation, it presses down on the top of the experimental assembly and, together with the first support protrusion 15, restricts the vertical movement of the assembly. The top surface of the second support protrusion, together with the first support protrusion 15 and the top edge of the surrounding plate 13, forms a complete receiving groove space. The bottom surface of the second support protrusion contacts the top of the experimental assembly, generating continuous downward pressure through an interference fit. After the experimental assembly is inserted, its bottom rests on the first support protrusion 15, its top is pressed down by the second support protrusion, and its sidewalls are restricted by the surrounding plate 13 and the countersunk hole 22, achieving omnidirectional fixation. When removing the terminal, the second support protrusion releases the pressing force on the assembly as the terminal rises, and the assembly remains on the connector 1 side, preventing it from falling off or being lost. When replacing the assembly, the old assembly is directly removed and replaced with the new one; no adjustment to the terminal structure is required. By using a bidirectional collaborative limiting design between connector 1 and terminals, while maintaining the advantages of modularity, the experimental components are fixed with ultra-high stability and the optical path is precisely controlled, providing a reliable technical foundation for long-term, high-precision intervention experiments in animal myopia research.

[0076] Further optimization: To further integrate the negative lens group and expand the research capabilities for lens-induced myopia (LIM), a negative lens group (i.e., an experimental component) was added to the device. The negative lens group includes multiple negative lenses 3 with different diopters; each negative lens 3 is adapted to a receiving slot. Specifically, the negative lens group contains multiple negative lenses 3 with different refractive powers (e.g., -2D, -5D, -10D). By changing the lenses, different degrees of retinal defocus are achieved, simulating the multi-stage pathological process of myopia development. The external dimensions (diameter, thickness) of each negative lens 3 match the receiving slot, ensuring rapid installation and optical axis alignment. The lens edges are precisely machined according to the receiving slot structure design (e.g., annular protrusions, spaced protrusions, or bidirectional support structures). After insertion, stable fixation is achieved through support protrusions and interference fits. The optical centers of all negative lenses 3 coincide with the geometric center of the receiving slot. Dual calibration through support protrusions and through-hole alignment structures ensures the consistency of the optical axes of different lenses. The lens diopter is marked on the edge or surface for easy identification and selection by experimental personnel. Researchers select a negative lens 3 (e.g., -5D) with the target refractive power based on the research objective. The negative lens 3 is embedded in a receiving groove (connector 1 side, terminal side, or combined enclosing groove), using support protrusions (first, second, or bidirectional) to achieve radial restraint and axial compression. Traditional LIM models rely on a single lens and cannot dynamically adjust the defocus amount; this design achieves gradient defocus intervention for the same animal individual at different experimental stages (e.g., gradually increasing from -2D to -10D) by changing the lens, supporting longitudinal studies of myopia progression mechanisms. Lens replacement takes only seconds, avoiding the cumbersome operation of traditional multi-device switching. Standardized integration of the negative lens group supports continuous gradient intervention from mild to high defocus, revealing the dose-response relationship of myopia development. Simultaneous multi-parameter and multi-mechanism studies can be achieved through binocular differential intervention or combination with an FDM model.

[0077] Further optimization: To further integrate the light-shielding element 4 and enhance its function in form deprivation myopia (FDM) research, a light-shielding element 4 has been added to the device. The light-shielding element 4 is made of opaque material and is compatible with the receiving groove. Specifically, the light-shielding element 4 is made of opaque material (such as black medical silicone or light-shielding metal foil). After being embedded in the receiving groove, it completely blocks light from passing through the first through-hole 11 (third + fourth through-holes) and the second through-hole 21, achieving form deprivation. The external dimensions (diameter, thickness) of the light-shielding element 4 match the structure of the receiving groove to ensure rapid installation and sealing. After being embedded in the receiving groove, the edge of the light-shielding element 4 is in close contact with the support protrusions (first, second, or bidirectional), blocking the lateral light penetration path. When the connecting terminal 2 and the connecting seat 1 are interference-fitted, the surrounding plate 13 or the countersunk hole 22 structure further presses the light-shielding element 4 to ensure that the through-hole area is completely covered. The light-shielding element 4 and the negative lens 3 have the same external dimensions to ensure consistent compatibility of the receiving slot. Therefore, to switch from FDM to LIM: remove the light-shielding element 4 and replace it with the negative lens 3, retaining the original connector 1 and terminal structure. To switch from LIM to FDM: remove the lens and insert the light-shielding element 4; no adjustment to the main body of the device is required. Through the standardized integration of the light-shielding element 4, high-frequency alternating interventions (such as daily switching) between FDM and LIM models on a single individual are supported, revealing the dynamic interaction between myopia compensation and deprivation mechanisms.

[0078] Further optimizations: To improve the stability of the device and animal adaptability, an Elizabethan collar was added. The collar is a ring-shaped structure worn around the animal's neck. An outward-extending hard or soft barrier (such as plastic or silicone) prevents the animal's forelimbs from contacting the eye device, preventing scratching or collisions that could cause the device to fall off or shift. The inner diameter of the Elizabethan collar matches the size of the animal's neck, restricting head movement while avoiding tracheal compression, ensuring normal breathing and feeding. It is secured to the neck with adjustable buckles or Velcro to fit animals of different sizes (such as rats and rabbits). The outward angle of the barrier is designed to be 30°-60°, effectively preventing the forelimbs from reaching the eye device without completely obstructing lateral vision. The Elizabethan collar uses a lightweight, breathable material (such as porous medical plastic) to reduce neck stuffiness. The edges of the barrier are covered with soft silicone to prevent skin ulceration caused by friction. After the connector 1 is sewn and fixed around the animal's eyes, the connector terminal 2 and experimental components (such as a light-shielding element 4 or a negative lens 3) are installed. The Elizabethan collar is worn independently around the neck, with its outer edge extending beyond the maximum reach of the animal's forelimbs, forming a physical isolation zone. When the animal attempts to scratch its eyes, its forelimbs are blocked by the Elizabethan collar, preventing it from contacting connection terminal 2 or connection seat 1. By introducing the Elizabethan collar as an independent protective unit, the stability of the device and animal adaptability are significantly improved without modifying the eye device. This solves the key problems of high experimental failure rates and large data fluctuations caused by animal autonomous behavior interference in traditional animal myopia research, providing a complete solution for highly reliable, long-term myopia mechanism research.

[0079] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interface, or the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0080] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for studying myopia in animals, characterized in that, include: Connecting base and connecting terminals; One end of the connector is used for suturing to the skin around the eyes of an animal, and the other end is detachably connected to the connector terminal; The connecting seat or the connecting terminal is provided with a receiving groove, or the connecting seat and the connecting terminal form the receiving groove; The connector has a first through hole, and the connector terminal has a second through hole. The receiving groove, the first through hole, and the second through hole are directly opposite and connected.

2. The device for studying myopia in animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting seat includes a circular ring plate and N surrounding plates, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; N of the surrounding plates are distributed around the circumference of the third through hole of the annular plate, forming a fourth through hole that is directly opposite to and the same size as the third through hole. The three through holes and the fourth through hole constitute the first through hole. The annular plate has M circumferentially arranged fifth through holes, the depth direction of the fifth through holes is parallel to the depth direction of the third through holes, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; The connecting terminal has a countersunk hole, the larger section of which is used for interference fit with the N surrounding plates, and the smaller section of which forms the second through hole.

3. The device for studying myopia in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the receiving groove is disposed on the connecting seat, a first supporting protrusion is provided on the inner side of the enclosure plate; The first support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the third through hole; The first support protrusion and the end of the surrounding plate away from the annular plate form the receiving groove.

4. The device for studying myopia in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the receiving groove is provided on the connecting terminal, the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole is provided with a second support protrusion; The second support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the countersunk hole; The receiving groove is located between the second support protrusion and the bottom wall of the large hole section.

5. The device for studying myopia in animals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second support protrusion is a ring-shaped protrusion or multiple protrusions spaced apart.

6. The device for studying myopia in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the receiving groove is formed by the connecting seat and the connecting terminal, the inner side of the surrounding plate is provided with a first support protrusion, and the wall of the large hole section of the countersunk hole is provided with a second support protrusion. The first support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the third through hole; The second support protrusion extends along the diameter direction of the countersunk hole; The first support protrusion, the end of the surrounding plate away from the annular plate, and the top surface of the second support protrusion together form the receiving groove.

7. The device for studying myopia in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The M fifth through holes are arranged at equal intervals.

8. An apparatus for studying myopia in animals according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A negative lens group, comprising multiple negative lenses of different powers; The negative lens is adapted to the receiving groove.

9. An apparatus for studying myopia in animals according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A light-shielding element, wherein the light-shielding element is made of an opaque material; The light-shielding element is adapted to the receiving groove.

10. An apparatus for studying myopia in animals according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: An Elizabethan collar worn around the neck of an animal.

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