Optical lens for myopia control and myopia glasses

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical lens for myopia control and myopia glasses, comprising a front surface and a rear surface which are correspondingly arranged, at least one of the front surface and the rear surface is formed by overlapping a waveform surface topological structure with a base plane contour, the wave-shaped surface topological structure forms a smooth and continuous wave-shaped structure on the whole optical lens along the center of the optical lens to the radial direction. According to the utility model, a smoothly changing positive degree signal is formed on the surface of the optical lens, mutation in retina imaging is avoided, and on the basis of correcting myopia, the optical lens provides positive degree and provides a stable defocus signal in a peripheral visual field area, so that the growth of the retina can be stably inhibited, and the purpose of slowing down the myopia progress is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to glasses technical field especially relates to a glasses for myopia control. BACKGROUND

[0002] Myopia is a refractive error characterized by difficulty seeing distant objects, while near vision is usually unaffected. In recent years, the prevalence of myopia has increased significantly due to the widespread use of digital devices and the increase in near-eye activities. This trend has led to an earlier onset of myopia and an increase in the proportion of high myopia, which is closely related to an increased risk of various retinal diseases that can compromise vision. Studies have shown that effective myopia control strategies can bring significant economic benefits. A comprehensive cost-benefit analysis shows that slowing down myopia progression by only 0.25D (1 / 4 diopter) can significantly reduce the economic burden of myopia worldwide.

[0003] Studies have shown that using traditional single-vision glasses (i.e. single-focus glasses) for myopia correction can accelerate the development of myopia, especially in children who are still in the growth and development stage. Such single-vision lenses can only fully correct central vision, and according to the peripheral defocus theory, the clear image of a near object formed in the peripheral field falls behind the retina, generating a neurophysiological signal of eye elongation, further exacerbating myopia progression.

[0004] As shown in Figure 1 , the parallel light rays 100 of the traditional single-vision glasses pass through the front surface 111 and the rear surface 112 of the lens 110 after refraction, and the light rays on the central visual axis focus on the focal point 120, which is exactly coincident with the retina 130, thereby achieving correction of central vision. This design provides good refractive correction for central vision, so it is widely used in traditional spherical or aspherical lenses. However, this lens design only focuses on the refractive correction performance near the optical axis, and the focusing control of peripheral visual axis light rays is limited. In traditional spherical or aspherical lenses, due to the main surface curvature designed according to Tscherning's ellipse, although the aberration in the central region can be reduced, the control of peripheral light rays is not good. When light rays from the peripheral visual axis (such as the upper light ray in the figure) pass through the lens after refraction, they will usually focus on the position of the focal point 140 behind the retina, forming a hyperopic defocus. After receiving the hyperopic defocus signal, the peripheral retina will induce a compensatory mechanism to elongate the eye axis, trying to move the focal point of the peripheral light rays to the retina, resulting in further deepening of the myopia. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced in children and adolescents, as their eyeballs are still in a rapid development stage and are more susceptible to the effects of hyperopic defocus signals.

[0005] Because the traditional spherical or aspherical lens design fails to effectively eliminate the peripheral defocus problem, the patient wearing these lenses is in a long-term hyperopic defocus state in the peripheral retina during daily visual activities. This hyperopic defocus signal will continuously stimulate the retina to extend backward, causing excessive growth of the eye axis, thereby accelerating the development of myopia. Therefore, only central vision correction by classic spherical or aspherical lenses cannot effectively control the progression of myopia, but may even accelerate its deepening, especially in children and adolescents in the development period. Therefore, special optical design, such as multifocal lenses or lenses with gradually increasing positive power, is needed to provide myopic defocus signals to the peripheral retina, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the progression of myopia.

[0006] For the inhibition of myopia development, there are related lens designs, such as CN104678572A and CN111095082A. In patent CN104678572A, the lens design is divided into two refractive regions, wherein the first region is a prescription correction region, which provides a first refractive power for correcting the central vision refractive error of the patient; the second region has a different refractive power from the first region, which aims to focus the image outside the retina to achieve the inhibition of the progression of myopia. In patent CN111095082A, the lens also includes a first refractive correction part for correcting the central vision refractive error, but unlike CN104678572A, it uses at least three different optical elements to focus the image outside the retina, thereby effectively inhibiting or slowing the development of myopia. However, the above prior art divides the lens into at least two different refractive regions or elements, and the central region is mainly used to correct the central refractive error of the patient, which results in that the central region cannot provide positive power signals for the peripheral field of view when the patient wears these lenses for close-up vision, especially when looking downward and nasal. Practical new type content

[0007] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of glasses for myopia control, by introducing controlled peripheral defocus signal, it realizes the optical environment of inhibiting eye axis elongation while effectively correcting refractive error, thereby slowing the progression rate of myopia.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses an optical lens for myopia control, including corresponding front surface and back surface, at least one surface of the front surface and the back surface is formed by superimposing the surface topology of wave shape on base surface profile, wherein, the surface topology of wave shape forms smooth and continuous wave shape structure along the center of the optical lens in the radial direction on the whole optical lens.

[0009] Further, the surface topology of wave shape gradually increases in radial direction positive refractive power, and the modulation of refractive power in different meridian directions remains consistent.

[0010] wherein the base surface profile of the front surface and the back surface of the optical lens satisfies the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] wherein: is the height of the surface of the optical lens along the optical axis direction, with the optical axis z as the reference; r is the radial distance, i.e. the horizontal distance from the optical axis to any point on the surface of the optical lens; c is the curvature, c = 1 / R, R is the curvature radius of the vertex of the optical lens; k is the eccentricity constant, used to describe the surface shape: when k = 0, it is a spherical surface; when k ≠ 0, it is an aspherical surface.

[0013] Preferably, the wave-shaped surface topology is defined by a bivariate Fourier series.

[0014] Preferably, the bivariate Fourier series formula is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] wherein x, y respectively represent the coordinate values of each point on at least one of the front surface or the back surface in the x-axis and the y-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system with the optical axis as the z-axis; represents the vector micro-height of the corresponding coordinate point, M and N represent the cut-off frequency of the Fourier series in the x and y directions.

[0017] A m,n is the cosine term coefficient, calculated by projecting the surface data onto the base function cos(mx)cos(ny); B m,n is the sine term coefficient, calculated by projecting the surface data onto the base function sin(mx)sin(ny); cos(mx)cos(ny) and sin(mx)sin(ny) are orthogonal base functions representing the wave-shaped surface topology, describing different spatial frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively.

[0018] The mask(x, y) function defines the effective area of the wave-shaped surface structure, and the function represents the weight distribution of the wave-shaped structure in different areas of the optical lens surface, with a value range of 0-1, and the weight is the lowest in the central area of the optical lens.

[0019] Further, the formula of the mask(x, y) function is as follows: wherein S(ρ) is a spline function defined by the control points, and ρ is the radial position to the optical center, .

[0020] Preferably, the weight distribution of the wave structure of different regions of the optical lens surface increases first and then decreases with the increase of the radial distance.

[0021] The utility model discloses still a kind of myopia glasses, including the optical lens for the myopia control of above.

[0022] Based on the above scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1, the utility model discloses a wave-shaped surface topological structure is overlaid on the optical lens base surface profile, and this design can make the light from different inclination angles be gradually focused in front of retina, to generate myopic defocus signal.The smooth and continuous wave structure is formed on the whole optical lens by the center of the optical lens of the utility model to the radial direction, and the smooth transition ensures the minimum optical aberration, and the controlled peripheral myopic defocus signal can effectively inhibit the growth of eye axis, to slow down the progress speed of myopia.

[0024] 2, the wave-shaped surface topological structure of the utility model is bivariate fourier series, and the unique wave-shaped surface topological structure introduces gradually increasing positive focal power in radial direction, which can effectively solve the peripheral defocus problem of conventional single-focus lens. By providing additional positive focal power in the peripheral region, the lens can introduce controlled defocus signals in the central and peripheral fields of view, and is especially suitable for scenarios requiring close-range vision. This carefully designed defocus signal can slow down the development of myopia, while providing accurate central refractive correction and peripheral therapeutic defocus.

[0025] 3, the wave-shaped surface topological structure mask function of the utility model is designed as a rotationally symmetric function with the optical center as the base point, gradually increases from the central region to the peripheral region, to realize controlled modulation of the wave-shaped structure. It is constructed by at least five spline interpolation methods, and is defined by at least five control points, which can generate a C 2 continuous curve, to ensure that the mask function has a smooth transition between the optical center and the peripheral region, and maintains continuity in the first derivative and the second derivative. This high-order continuity can maintain optical quality and prevent unnecessary aberration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a ray focusing schematic diagram of conventional lens in background art.

[0027] Figure 2 It is front view of optical lens in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 It is perspective view of Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 4 For Figure 3 A local enlarged view at the middle of A.

[0030] Figure 5 A light ray focusing schematic diagram of the optical lens.

[0031] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the optical lens in the meridian direction of 0 degrees in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the optical lens in the meridian direction of 20 degrees in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the optical lens in the meridian direction of 45 degrees in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the following will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Embodiment one

[0036] The utility model discloses an optical lens for myopia control, including corresponding setting's front surface and back surface. Figure 5 As shown, the front surface 201 is the incident surface of light, and the curvature determines the initial refraction of light; the back surface 202 is the exit surface of light, and by further adjusting the refraction angle, the light is accurately focused on the retina position. The two surfaces can be designed as spherical or aspherical according to the specific correction requirements to meet the correction requirements of different degrees of ametropia.

[0037] In the utility model, at least one of the front surface and the back surface is formed by superimposing a wave-shaped surface topology on a base profile. In the utility model, the base profile of the optical lens refers to the overall shape of the lens with a basic curvature (i.e., the base arc of the lens). The base profile can be set as a spherical or aspherical surface (such as an ellipsoidal surface, a parabolic surface, or a hyperbolic surface, etc.) as needed. The spatial rectangular coordinate system (x, y, z axes) in the figure is used to describe the spatial distribution of the spectacle lens and the propagation of light. The z-axis extends from the center of the optical lens to the retina 130 along the optical axis direction, representing the main propagation direction of light. The x-axis and the y-axis are perpendicular to the z-axis, representing the horizontal and vertical cross sections of the optical lens. These two axes are used to describe the shape and symmetry of the surface of the optical lens.

[0038] The base profile of the front surface and the back surface of the optical lens conforms to the following formula (1):

[0039] （1）

[0040] wherein:

[0041] H is the height of the surface of the optical lens along the optical axis direction, with the optical axis z as the reference; r is the radial distance, i.e. the horizontal distance from the optical axis to any point on the surface of the optical lens; c is the curvature, c = 1 / R, R is the curvature radius of the vertex of the optical lens; k is the eccentricity constant, used to describe the surface shape: when k = 0, it is a spherical surface; when k ≠ 0, it is a non-spherical surface. Different k values can generate ellipsoidal, parabolic or hyperbolic non-spherical surfaces.

[0042] The parameters of the front surface and the back surface can be different, and after being substituted into formula (1), the base surface profiles of the front surface and the back surface obtained after calculation by formula (1) are different.

[0043] The wave-shaped surface topology forms a smooth and continuous wave-shaped structure on the entire optical lens along the center of the optical lens in the radial direction. The gradually increasing influence of the wave-shaped structure on the peripheral region is assumed to be able to adjust the defocus mode of the retina. This adjustment can have a potential impact on the growth mechanism of the eyeball, especially the elongation of the eye axis, which is a key factor for the deepening of myopia. By providing these carefully controlled peripheral optical signals, the optical lens design aims to create an optical environment that helps to inhibit the elongation of the eye axis, thereby possibly slowing down the progression of myopia.

[0044] The wave-shaped surface topology gradually increases in the radial direction, and the modulation of the optical power in different meridional directions remains consistent. By gradually increasing the radial optical power, the wearer's visual line moves more naturally from looking far to looking near, and the traditional bifocal lens produces a "picture jump" phenomenon (sudden blur of the field of view) due to the sudden change of optical power. The gradual design avoids this interference through continuous change of optical power. The refractive state of the human eye in different meridional directions can be different (such as astigmatism). If the modulation of the optical power in the meridional direction of the lens is inconsistent, additional astigmatism will be introduced, causing visual distortion or ghosting. By keeping the modulation of the optical power in each meridional direction consistent, such aberrations can be effectively suppressed.

[0045] The wave-shaped surface topology of the utility model needs to be realized through high-precision free-form surface machining, ensuring that the optical power changes according to the designed gradient. When the human eye rotates, the visual line passes through different regions of the lens. The radial gradient and meridional consistency design of the optical power make the visual clarity of the eyeball smoothly transition when moving in different directions, reducing the adjustment fatigue. At the same time, the stability of the optical performance in each direction is maintained.

[0046] Further, the wave-shaped surface topology is defined by a bivariate Fourier series. The bivariate Fourier series is a multi-dimensional harmonic decomposition tool that can accurately describe complex surfaces through the superposition of sine / cosine components of different frequencies. Its advantages include: the wave-shaped curvature of the lens surface can be decomposed into multiple components, and the coefficients of each component can be independently controlled to achieve highly customized optical performance. The Fourier series naturally has periodic smoothing properties, making it suitable for describing continuous surfaces required for gradual changes in optical power, avoiding local mutations or distortions that may occur with traditional polynomial fitting. Through bivariate decomposition, complex surfaces that are not symmetric or rotationally symmetric can be flexibly handled, such as personalized astigmatism or tilted lenses.

[0047] In the utility model, the bivariate Fourier series has the following formula: (2)

[0048] Where x, y represent the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of each point on at least one of the front or back surfaces in a Cartesian coordinate system with the optical axis as the z-axis; represents the vector micro-elevation of the corresponding coordinate point, and M and N represent the cutoff frequencies of the Fourier series in the x and y directions.

[0049] A m,n is the cosine term coefficient, calculated by projecting the surface data onto the basis function cos(mx)cos(ny); B m,n is the sine term coefficient, calculated by projecting the surface data onto the basis function sin(mx)sin(ny); cos(mx)cos(ny) and sin(mx)sin(ny) are orthogonal basis functions representing the wave-shaped surface topology, describing different spatial frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively.

[0050] The mask(x, y) function defines the effective area of the wave-shaped surface structure. This function represents the weight distribution of the wave-shaped structure in different areas of the optical lens surface, with a value range of 0-1, and the lowest weight in the central area of the optical lens.

[0051] Vector micro-elevation refers to the directional height variation or convexity of the lens profile on a microscopic scale. Through the above mathematical formula (2), the vector micro-elevation of each coordinate value on the wave-shaped topology can be obtained, thereby obtaining the specific three-dimensional structure, as shown in Figures 2 to 4 .

[0052] The mask function is designed as a rotationally symmetric function with the optical center as the base point, gradually increasing from the central area to the peripheral area, thereby achieving controlled modulation of the influence of the wave-shaped structure.

[0053] The mask function can be constructed by a spline interpolation method, which is defined by at least five control points. The mask function is made more reliable by defining at least five control points. The five control points are defined as: (p1, m1), (p2, m2), (p3, m3), (p4, m4), (p5, m5), where: pi represents the radial position of the ith control point to the optical center; mi represents the corresponding mask value at this radial position, which takes a value in the range [0, 1]. By applying a quintic spline interpolation method to these control points, a C2 continuous curve can be generated, ensuring that the mask function has a smooth transition between the optical center and the peripheral region, and maintains continuity in the first and second derivatives. This high-order continuity is crucial for maintaining optical quality and preventing unnecessary aberrations.

[0054] The mathematical formula of the mask(x, y) function is as follows:

[0055] (3)

[0056] where S(p) is a spline function defined by the control points, p is the radial position to the optical center, .

[0057] This design method can accurately control the weight distribution of the wave structure. The weight distribution refers to the distribution of the amplitude of the wave in space, which is used to adjust the influence degree of different regions. In the central region, the weight remains low, thereby ensuring the main refractive correction effect; as the radial distance increases, the weight increases, and the weight decreases again in the peripheral region. This method effectively introduces a controlled peripheral defocus signal while maintaining the best effect of central vision.

[0058] Of course, the skilled person of the present application can design other formulae of bivariate Fourier series to limit the surface topology of the present application according to the needs, by controlling the gradual increase of positive optical power in the radial direction and the consistent modulation of optical power in different meridional directions, to achieve the technical purpose of the present application.

[0059] For example, Figure 5As shown, the optical lens of the present application provides effective axial correction and controlled off-axis defocus. When light passes through the central optical axis of the optical lens, it is focused at point 220, which precisely coincides with the retina 230, thereby ensuring that on-axis refractive errors are accurately corrected, providing clear and stable central vision for the wearer. This axial correction capability is crucial for visual activities that require precise central focus, such as reading and distance vision, ensuring optimal visual clarity. In contrast, when light passes through the peripheral region of the optical lens, it propagates along an off-axis path and is focused at point 240 in front of the retina. This intentional design results in controlled peripheral myopic defocus, i.e., projecting peripheral images in front of the retina. Studies have shown that this peripheral defocus generates a biochemical signal that can inhibit the axial elongation of the eyeball, thereby addressing the main factor contributing to the progression of myopia. Unlike traditional lenses, which can introduce hyperopic defocus in the peripheral region, this optical lens design ensures that peripheral light helps slow down the progression of myopia, rather than exacerbating its development. The optical lens design stabilizes central vision through precise axial correction while slowing down the progression of myopia by providing therapeutic peripheral defocus.

[0060] Embodiment Two

[0061] The present embodiment discloses a pair of glasses comprising the optical lens for myopia control of embodiment one.

[0062] S1. Calculate the base surface profile of the front surface and the back surface according to the prescription of the myopic patient and the refractive index of the selected lens material, to obtain the overall profile of the base surface of the optical lens.

[0063] For example: for an optical design with a typical lens refractive index of 1.74 and a lens optical unit radius of 30mm, the front and back surfaces are spherical, and the base arc curvatures can be 218.93mm and 114.91mm respectively, corresponding to k values of 0. According to formula (1), the overall profile of the base surface of the front surface and the back surface is obtained.

[0064] S2. Superimpose the wave-shaped surface topology on the obtained overall profile of the base surface of the optical lens to form the optical lens for myopia control of embodiment one.

[0065] The A m,n values of table 1, B m,n values are zero, and the values defined by the control points are shown in table 2.

[0066] Table 1: Cosine term coefficient A m,n values

[0067]

[0068] Table 2. Sample spline function control point values

[0069]

[0070] The wave-shaped surface topology created according to equation (2) is shown in Figures 2 to 4 Figures 6 to 8 The meridional curvature profile of the wave-shaped surface topology further validates the effectiveness of the present application. The profile at 0 , 20 , and 45 meridional directions (meridional direction is the degree number of the meridian rotated counterclockwise from the center of the circle, X-axis direction is 0 meridional, then the degree number of the meridian rotated counterclockwise is the meridional direction of the corresponding degree number) shows the smooth change of the wave structure along the radial direction. This smooth transition not only ensures the minimum optical aberration, but also maintains the gradually increasing positive power gradient. By providing additional positive power in the peripheral region, the lens can introduce a controlled defocus signal in the central and peripheral vision, especially suitable for scenarios that require close-up viewing. This carefully designed defocus signal is expected to slow down the development of myopia, while providing precise central refractive correction and peripheral therapeutic defocus.

[0071] The above merely provides the preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.​

Claims

1. An optical lens for myopia control, characterized in that: It includes a front surface and a rear surface, at least one of which is formed by superimposing a wavy surface topology structure on a base surface profile, wherein the wavy surface topology structure forms a smooth and continuous wavy structure radially from the center of the optical lens throughout the entire optical lens.

2. The optical lens for myopia control as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wavy surface topology gradually increases the optical power in the radial direction, and the modulation of optical power in different meridional directions remains consistent.

3. The optical lens for myopia control as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base plane profiles of the front and rear surfaces of an optical lens conform to the following formula: in: Z 基弧 The height of the surface of the optical lens along the optical axis is taken as the reference axis z. r is the radial distance, which is the horizontal distance from the optical axis to any point on the surface of the optical lens; c is the curvature, c = 1 / R, and R is the radius of curvature at the vertex of the optical lens; k is the eccentricity constant, used to describe the surface shape: when k = 0, it is a sphere; when k ≠ 0, it is an aspherical surface.

4. The optical lens for myopia control as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wavy surface topology is defined by a bivariate Fourier series.

5. The optical lens for myopia control as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The formula for the bivariate Fourier series is as follows: Where x and y represent the coordinate values ​​of each point on at least one of the front or rear surfaces on the x-axis and y-axis of a Cartesian coordinate system with the optical axis as the z-axis, respectively; Z wave (x,y) represents the vector height of the corresponding coordinate point, and M and N represent the cutoff frequencies of the Fourier series in the x and y directions; A m,n The cosine coefficients are calculated by projecting surface data onto the basis functions cos(mx)cos(ny); B m,n The sinusoidal coefficients are calculated by projecting surface data onto the basis functions sin(mx)sin(ny); cos(mx)cos(ny) and sin(mx)sin(ny) are orthogonal basis functions representing the topology of the wavy surface, describing different spatial frequencies along the x and y directions, respectively. The mask(x,y) function defines the effective area of ​​the wavy surface structure. This function represents the weight distribution of the wavy structure in different areas of the optical lens surface. The value ranges from 0 to 1, and the weight is lowest in the central area of ​​the optical lens.

6. The optical lens for myopia control as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The formula for the mask(x,y) function is as follows: mask(x,y)=S(ρ), where S(ρ) is a spline function defined by control points, and ρ is the radial position to the optical center.

7. The optical lens for myopia control as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The weight distribution of the wavy structure in different regions of the optical lens surface first increases and then decreases with the increase of radial distance.

8. A pair of myopia glasses, characterized in that: Includes the optical lenses for myopia control as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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