High-stability AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolytic cell capable of rapidly desorbing bubbles

By designing a gas diffusion plate and bipolar plate flow channel with a specific structure in the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer, combined with the groove of the catalyst plate, the problem of difficult bubble desorption was solved, rapid bubble desorption and dynamic balance of electrolyte were achieved, and the stability of electrolytic hydrogen production was improved.

CN224105954UActive Publication Date: 2026-04-10SUZHOU UNIV
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
SUZHOU UNIV
Filing Date
2025-05-09
Publication Date
2026-04-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In existing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzers, after hydrogen and oxygen are produced by electrolysis, the bubbles are difficult to desorb quickly, resulting in uneven distribution of liquid water, which affects the ion conductivity of the anion exchange membrane and thus affects the stability of hydrogen production by electrolysis.

Method used

A combination structure of low-density and high-density through holes was designed on the gas diffusion plate, combined with serpentine and radial flow channels on the bipolar plate and micron-sized honeycomb grooves on the catalytic plate, to promote the directional migration and rapid desorption of bubbles. The rapid desorption of bubbles is achieved by forcibly stripping them off using the difference in fluid momentum.

Benefits of technology

This effectively prevents the anion exchange membrane from drying out, ensures the normal operation of anion exchange, achieves rapid desorption of bubbles and dynamic balance of the electrolyte, and improves the stability of electrolytic hydrogen production.

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Abstract

The high-stability AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolytic cell comprises a membrane electrode assembly, an electrode plate and an end plate, the membrane electrode assembly comprises an anion exchange membrane, a catalytic layer plate, a gas diffusion layer plate and a bipolar plate, a bidirectional snakelike flow channel is formed in the side, close to the electrode plate, of the bipolar plate, and the end plate is arranged in the bipolar plate. A gas diffusion layer plate is arranged on the bipolar plate, a catalyst layer plate is arranged on the gas diffusion layer plate, a radial flow channel is arranged on one side of the bipolar plate close to the gas diffusion layer plate, a low-density through hole and a high-density through hole are arranged on the gas diffusion layer plate, and a groove is arranged on the catalyst layer plate. Through a bipolar plate gradient flow field and a turbulent flow increasing effect, electrolyte distribution dynamic balance is realized, gas discharge is accelerated, bubbles are forcibly stripped by utilizing a fluid momentum difference, rapid desorption of the bubbles is ensured, and through combination of high and low density through holes and micron-sized honeycomb grooves, the bubbles are directionally migrated and desorbed, and the desorption speed of the bubbles is accelerated.
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Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank technical field, concretely relates to a kind of high stability AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank of bubble rapid desorption. BACKGROUND

[0002] AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank is a kind of anion exchange membrane electrolytic water hydrogen production technology, its principle is to use anion exchange membrane as electrolyte, produce hydrogen by electrolysis water, main structure is composed of anion exchange membrane and two transition metal catalytic electrodes, pure water or low concentration alkaline solution is generally used as electrolyte, and use inexpensive non-noble metal catalyst and anion exchange membrane.

[0003] The existing AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank after electrolysis produces hydrogen and oxygen, bubble will be attached to the surface of catalyst layer, cannot be quickly and effectively discharged, and fast electrolysis gas production leads to uneven distribution of liquid water, local area anion exchange membrane dehydration causes ion conductivity to decline, influence AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank normal electrolysis hydrogen production use, for this purpose, we propose a kind of high stability AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank of bubble rapid desorption. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of high stability AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank of bubble rapid desorption to solve the problems raised in the above background.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a kind of high stability AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic tank of bubble rapid desorption, including,

[0006] Membrane electrode assembly is equipped with several, several membrane electrode assembly is connected;

[0007] Electrode plate is equipped with two, two electrode plate is respectively arranged in the two ends of several connected membrane electrode assembly;

[0008] End plate is equipped with two, two end plate is clamped by screw rod and nut and is arranged on the outside of two electrode plate;

[0009] The membrane electrode assembly includes anion exchange membrane, catalytic layer board, gas diffusion layer board and bipolar plate;

[0010] The catalytic layer board, the gas diffusion layer board and the bipolar plate are all equipped with two, two catalytic layer board, the gas diffusion layer board and the bipolar plate are sequentially and symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the gas diffusion layer board;

[0011] The bipolar plate is provided with a two-way serpentine flow channel on one side close to the electrode plate, and is provided with a radial flow channel on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate, and the middle parts of the two-way serpentine flow channel and the radial flow channel are connected.

[0012] The gas diffusion layer plate is provided with a low-density through hole on one side close to the bipolar plate, and is provided with a high-density through hole on one side close to the catalytic layer plate, and the low-density through hole and the high-density through hole are connected.

[0013] The catalytic layer plate is provided with a groove on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate.

[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the end plate is provided with an electrolyte inlet pipe penetrating through, and the electrolyte inlet pipe is connected with the lower center of the two-way serpentine flow channel.

[0015] Preferably, the upper part of the end plate is provided with a hydrogen exhaust pipe and an oxygen exhaust pipe penetrating through and connected with the membrane electrode assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the electrode plate comprises a cathode electrode plate and an anode electrode plate.

[0017] The cathode electrode plate and the anode electrode plate are respectively arranged at two ends of a plurality of connected membrane electrode assemblies.

[0018] Preferably, the bipolar plate comprises a cathode bipolar plate and an anode bipolar plate.

[0019] The cathode bipolar plate and the anode bipolar plate are symmetrically arranged with the anion exchange membrane as the center, the outermost cathode bipolar plate is arranged close to the cathode electrode plate, and the outermost anode bipolar plate is arranged close to the anode electrode plate.

[0020] Preferably, the middle part of the gas diffusion layer plate is provided with a flow guide cavity, and the low-density through hole and the high-density through hole are connected through the flow guide cavity.

[0021] Preferably, the upper part of the gas diffusion layer plate is provided with an exhaust cavity connected with the flow guide cavity.

[0022] The exhaust cavity in the gas diffusion layer plate close to the cathode bipolar plate is connected with the hydrogen exhaust pipe, and the exhaust cavity in the gas diffusion layer plate close to the anode bipolar plate is connected with the oxygen exhaust pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the groove is a micron-level honeycomb-shaped groove, and the diameter of the groove is 50-200 μm, and the depth of the groove is 20-50 μm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] 1. In this utility model, a low-density through hole is formed on the side of the gas diffusion layer plate near the bipolar plate, and a high-density through hole is formed on the side of the gas diffusion layer plate near the catalyst plate. The low-density through hole maintains water transport, prevents the anion exchange membrane from drying out, and ensures normal anion exchange. The high-density through hole near the catalyst plate promotes gas escape. Combined with the micron-sized honeycomb grooves on the catalyst plate, the bubbles migrate and desorb in a directional manner along the micron-sized honeycomb grooves, which accelerates the desorption speed of the bubbles.

[0026] 2. In this invention, a bidirectional serpentine flow channel is provided on the side of the bipolar plate near the electrode plate, and a radial flow channel is provided on the side of the bipolar plate near the gas diffusion layer. The bidirectional serpentine flow channel and the radial flow channel are connected in the middle, forming a gradient flow field of the bipolar plate. When the electrolyte enters the bidirectional serpentine flow channel, the turbulence effect is increased. When the electrolyte flows out of the radial flow channel, the electrolyte outflow is accelerated, realizing the dynamic balance of electrolyte distribution and accelerating gas discharge. The difference in fluid momentum is used to forcibly peel off the bubbles, ensuring rapid desorption of the bubbles. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the membrane electrode assembly of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bipolar plate of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gas diffusion layer plate of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gas diffusion layer plate of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the catalyst plate of this utility model.

[0035] In the figure: 1, membrane electrode assembly; 101, anion exchange membrane; 102, catalytic layer plate; 1021, groove; 103, gas diffusion layer plate; 1031, low-density through hole; 1032, high-density through hole; 1033, flow guide cavity; 1034, exhaust cavity; 104, bipolar plate; 1041, bidirectional serpentine flow channel; 1042, radial flow channel; 1043, cathode bipolar plate; 1044, anode bipolar plate; 2, electrode plate; 201, cathode electrode plate; 202, anode electrode plate; 3, end plate; 4, electrolyte inlet pipe; 5, hydrogen exhaust pipe; 6, oxygen exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1-8 The hydrogen electrolysis electrolytic tank for bubble rapid desorption and high stability AEM electrolytic water provided by the utility model comprises,

[0038] The membrane electrode assembly 1 is provided with a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 1 connected with each other.

[0039] The electrode plate 2 is provided with two electrode plates 2 arranged at the two ends of the plurality of connected membrane electrode assemblies 1, and the electrode plate 2 comprises a cathode electrode plate 201 and an anode electrode plate 202.

[0040] The end plate 3 is provided with two end plates 3 arranged at the outer sides of the two electrode plates 2 through screw rods and nuts, the lower part of the end plate 3 is provided with an electrolyte inlet pipe 4, the electrolyte inlet pipe 4 is in communication with the lower center of the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041, and the upper part of the end plate 3 is provided with a hydrogen exhaust pipe 5 and an oxygen exhaust pipe 6 connected with the membrane electrode assembly 1.

[0041] The membrane electrode assembly 1 comprises an anion exchange membrane 101, a catalytic layer plate 102, a gas diffusion layer plate 103 and a bipolar plate 104.

[0042] The catalytic layer plate 102, the gas diffusion layer plate 103 and the bipolar plate 104 are all provided with two catalytic layer plates 102, gas diffusion layer plates 103 and bipolar plates 104 symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the gas diffusion layer plate 103.

[0043] The bipolar plate 104 is provided with a bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041 on one side close to the electrode plate 2, and is provided with a radial flow channel 1042 on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate 103, the middle parts of the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041 and the radial flow channel 1042 are connected, and the bipolar plate 104 comprises a cathode bipolar plate 1043 and an anode bipolar plate 1044; the cathode bipolar plate 1043 and the anode bipolar plate 1044 are symmetrically arranged with the anion exchange membrane 101 as the center, the outermost cathode bipolar plate 1043 is arranged close to the cathode electrode plate 201, and the outermost anode bipolar plate 1044 is arranged close to the anode electrode plate 202;

[0044] The gas diffusion layer plate 103 is provided with a low-density through hole 1031 on one side close to the bipolar plate 104, and is provided with a high-density through hole 1032 on one side close to the catalytic layer plate 102, and the low-density through hole 1031 and the high-density through hole 1032 are connected;

[0045] The gas diffusion layer plate 103 is provided with a flow guide cavity 1033 in the middle part, the low-density through hole 1031 and the high-density through hole 1032 are connected through the flow guide cavity 1033, and the gas diffusion layer plate 103 is provided with an exhaust cavity 1034 communicated with the flow guide cavity 1033 in the upper part;

[0046] Among them, the exhaust cavity 1034 in the gas diffusion layer plate 103 close to the cathode bipolar plate 1043 is communicated with the hydrogen exhaust pipe 5, and the exhaust cavity 1034 in the gas diffusion layer plate 103 close to the anode bipolar plate 1044 is communicated with the oxygen exhaust pipe 6;

[0047] The catalytic layer plate 102 is provided with a groove 1021 on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate 103, the groove 1021 is a micron-level honeycomb-shaped groove, and the diameter of the groove 1021 is 50-200 μm, and the depth is 20-50 μm.

[0048] In the utility model, the bipolar plate 104 is provided with the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041 on one side close to the electrode plate 2, and is provided with the radial flow channel 1042 on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate 103, the middle parts of the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041 and the radial flow channel 1042 are connected, and the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041 and the radial flow channel 1042 form a bipolar plate gradient flow field, when the electrolyte enters the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041, the turbulent flow effect is increased, the electrolyte flows out of the radial flow channel 1042, the electrolyte flow is accelerated, the electrolyte distribution dynamic balance is realized, and the gas discharge is accelerated, the bubbles are forced to peel off by using the fluid momentum difference, and the bubble rapid desorption is guaranteed;

[0049] The low-density through hole 1031 is used for maintaining water transmission, avoiding the anion exchange membrane 101 from drying, ensuring normal exchange of anions, and the high-density through hole 1032 is used for promoting gas escape, in combination with the micron-sized honeycomb-shaped grooves on the catalytic layer plate 102, bubble directional migration desorption along the micron-sized honeycomb-shaped grooves, and accelerating the desorption speed of the bubbles.

[0050] In summary, the use method of the high-stability AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolytic cell with bubble rapid desorption provided by the embodiment is as follows: during use, the electrolyte enters the bidirectional serpentine flow channel 1041 on the bipolar plate 104 from the electrolyte inlet pipe 4, is accelerated to flow into the radial flow channel 1042 after turbulent flow, is diffused and guided into the low-density through hole 1031 in the gas diffusion layer plate 103, then flows out through the high-density through hole 1032, and enters the catalytic layer plate 102 to participate in the reaction, and the gas bubbles generated in the reaction process are discharged from the hydrogen discharge pipe 5 and the oxygen discharge pipe 6 through the exhaust cavity 1034 on the gas diffusion layer plate 103.

[0051] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-stability AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production electrolyzer with rapid bubble desorption, characterized in that, Including, membrane electrode assembly (1), provided with several, several membrane electrode assemblies (1) are connected; electrode plate (2), provided with two, two electrode plates (2) are respectively arranged at two ends of several connected membrane electrode assemblies (1); end plate (3), provided with two, two end plates (3) are arranged outside two electrode plates (2) through screw rod and nut clamping; The membrane electrode assembly (1) comprises an anion exchange membrane (101), a catalyst layer plate (102), a gas diffusion layer plate (103) and a bipolar plate (104); The catalyst layer plate (102), the gas diffusion layer plate (103) and the bipolar plate (104) are provided with two, two catalyst layer plates (102), the gas diffusion layer plate (103) and the bipolar plate (104) are sequentially and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gas diffusion layer plate (103); The bipolar plate (104) is provided with a bidirectional serpentine flow channel (1041) on one side close to the electrode plate (2), and is provided with a radial flow channel (1042) on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate (103); The middle parts of the bidirectional serpentine flow channel (1041) and the radial flow channel (1042) are connected. The gas diffusion layer plate (103) is provided with a low-density through hole (1031) on one side close to the bipolar plate (104), and is provided with a high-density through hole (1032) on one side close to the catalyst layer plate (102); The low-density through hole (1031) and the high-density through hole (1032) are connected. The catalyst layer plate (102) is provided with a groove (1021) on one side close to the gas diffusion layer plate (103).

2. The high stability AEM electrolysis water electrolyzer for hydrogen production with rapid bubble desorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the end plate (3) is provided with an electrolyte inlet pipe (4), and the electrolyte inlet pipe (4) is in communication with the lower center of the bidirectional serpentine flow channel (1041).

3. The high stability AEM electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with rapid bubble detachment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the end plate (3) is provided with a hydrogen exhaust pipe (5) and an oxygen exhaust pipe (6) connected with the membrane electrode assembly (1).

4. The high stability AEM electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with rapid bubble detachment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrode plate (2) comprises a cathode electrode plate (201) and an anode electrode plate (202); The cathode electrode plate (201) and the anode electrode plate (202) are respectively arranged at two ends of several connected membrane electrode assemblies (1).

5. The high stability AEM electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with fast bubble detachment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bipolar plate (104) comprises a cathode bipolar plate (1043) and an anode bipolar plate (1044); The cathode bipolar plate (1043) and the anode bipolar plate (1044) are symmetrically arranged with the anion exchange membrane (101) as the center, the outermost cathode bipolar plate (1043) is arranged close to the cathode electrode plate (201), and the outermost anode bipolar plate (1044) is arranged close to the anode electrode plate (202).

6. The high stability AEM electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with fast bubble detachment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle part of the gas diffusion layer plate (103) is provided with a flow guide cavity (1033), and the low-density through hole (1031) and the high-density through hole (1032) are connected through the flow guide cavity (1033).

7. The high stability AEM electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with fast bubble desorption according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper portion of the gas diffusion layer plate (103) is provided with an exhaust cavity (1034) in communication with the flow guide cavity (1033); The exhaust cavity (1034) in the gas diffusion layer plate (103) close to the cathode bipolar plate (1043) is in communication with the hydrogen exhaust pipe (5), and the exhaust cavity (1034) in the gas diffusion layer plate (103) close to the anode bipolar plate (1044) is in communication with the oxygen exhaust pipe (6).

8. The high stability AEM electrolysis water electrolyzer for hydrogen production with rapid bubble desorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recess (1021) is a micron-level honeycomb-shaped recess, and the diameter of the recess (1021) is 50-200 microns, and the depth is 20-50 microns.