Collecting and smashing structure for green manure and straw combined deep plowing and field returning

Abstract

The utility model relates to a collecting and smashing structure for green manure and straw combined deep plowing and field returning, and aims to solve the problems of low field returning operation efficiency and high energy consumption in the prior art. The device is mainly composed of a driving device, a collecting assembly, a cleaning assembly and a smashing assembly. And the driving device synchronously drives all the components to perform staggered rotation with parallel axes and coplanar through a belt. Sawtooth-shaped collecting blades are evenly distributed on a cylindrical collecting shaft of the collecting assembly, a conical filtering hole array with the gradually-decreased hole diameter is arranged on the surface of the collecting shaft, and preliminary crushing and impurity screening of materials are achieved. An elastic shifting piece set of the cleaning assembly is dynamically matched with a collecting blade through a belleville spring piece, and winding impurities are effectively removed. Arc-shaped cutting edge groups of the crushing assembly are spirally arranged and form a tapered crushing cavity with a discharge hole of the cleaning assembly, and efficient crushing is ensured in cooperation with the design of a specific front rake angle and an envelope angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model provides a collection and crushing structure, and particularly relates to a collection and crushing structure for deep plowing and returning green manure and straw to the field. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of agricultural mechanization, green manure and straw return devices are key equipment for improving soil fertility and optimizing the agricultural ecology. Their core function is to efficiently collect, clean, and crush crop residues. However, most existing related devices adopt a split design, with the collection, cleaning, and crushing stages operating independently. This leads to secondary pollution and energy waste during material transfer.

[0003] Traditional equipment often uses a single-stage rake tooth structure for the collection component, which limits filtration accuracy and crushing efficiency; the cleaning component lacks a dynamic coordination mechanism and is prone to failure due to entanglement and blockage; the crushing component mostly relies on vertical blades for cutting, resulting in poor crushing uniformity and the tendency to trap large pieces of residue. In addition, the lack of coordinated transmission design between components leads to poor operational continuity and makes it difficult to adapt to the agronomical requirements of large-scale continuous cropping fields. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, this application provides a collection and crushing structure for deep plowing and returning green manure and straw to the field, which solves the problems of lack of coordinated transmission design between existing components, poor operation continuity, and difficulty in adapting to large-scale continuous cropping fields.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field, comprising:

[0006] The drive unit synchronously drives the collecting component, cleaning component, and crushing component to rotate alternately with parallel and coplanar axes via belts;

[0007] The collection assembly includes a cylindrical collection shaft and circumferentially distributed serrated collection blades, the surface of which is provided with an array of tapered filter holes with decreasing pore size.

[0008] The cleaning assembly includes a cleaning shaft with the same diameter as the collecting shaft and a set of elastic paddles that are circumferentially offset. The paddles and the collecting blade form a radially interlaced comb structure.

[0009] The crushing component includes a crushing shaft with a diameter larger than the collecting shaft and a spirally arranged arc-shaped cutting blade assembly, which forms a tapered crushing chamber with the discharge port of the cleaning component.

[0010] Preferably, the collecting shaft, cleaning shaft, and crushing shaft are arranged in an isosceles triangle according to the work process, the distance between the collecting shaft and the crushing shaft is 2.5 times the diameter of the cleaning shaft, and the center line of the three shafts forms a working plane.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic paddle assembly forms a dynamic engagement with the collecting blade through a butterfly spring plate, and the end of the paddle is provided with a hemispherical protrusion corresponding to the tooth groove of the collecting blade, forming a periodic tapping and cleaning mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the cutting edge of the arc-shaped cutting blade assembly is distributed in a spiral with a forward tilt angle of 30°, and the trajectory of the blade tip forms a 55° envelope angle with the axis of the crushing shaft, thus forming a bidirectional shearing and crushing surface.

[0013] Preferably, the drive device includes a dual-output shaft motor that synchronously drives the collection shaft and the crushing shaft via a multi-wedge belt, and drives the cleaning shaft via an intermediate bridge wheel system, forming a speed ratio configuration of 1:1.2:0.8.

[0014] Preferably, the ratio of the height of the collecting blade to the height of the crushing chamber inlet is 1:1.8, and the ratio of the amplitude of the cleaning blade to the distance between the collecting blades is 1.2:1, forming a dimensional chain relationship for continuous material transfer.

[0015] Preferably, the large end diameter of the conical filter hole is 8mm, the small end diameter is 3mm, and the ratio of hole depth to collecting blade thickness is 2:1, forming a gradient filtration channel.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting flanges of each component adopt an octagonal centering structure, the flange mating surface is provided with an annular V-shaped positioning groove, and the bolt holes are evenly distributed at 30° intervals.

[0017] Preferably, the collecting blade has a WC-Co hard alloy coating on its surface, and the cutting blade is made of gradient hardened high manganese steel with a surface hardness of HRC62-65.

[0018] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0019] This device addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies in green manure and straw return operations, which suffer from low efficiency and high energy consumption due to the separation of collection, cleaning, and crushing processes. It integrates a drive unit, collection component, cleaning component, and crushing component to achieve parallel and coplanar staggered rotational collaborative operation. The serrated collecting blade of the collection component features a conical filter hole array, effectively filtering impurities and initially crushing the material. The elastic paddle assembly of the cleaning component forms a comb-like structure with the collecting blade, dynamically removing entangled debris. The arc-shaped cutting blade assembly of the crushing component works in conjunction with a tapered crushing chamber to achieve progressive and efficient crushing. Through optimized geometric arrangement and parameter design, each component reduces energy consumption while improving operational continuity and crushing quality, meeting the agronomical requirements of combined deep plowing and return of straw and green manure to the field.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be taught from the practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collection component of a collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cleaning component for a collection and crushing structure used in deep plowing and returning green manure and straw to the field according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing component of a collection and crushing structure for deep plowing and returning green manure and straw to the field according to this utility model.

[0025] As shown in the figure:

[0026] 1. Drive unit; 2. Collection component; 3. Cleaning component; 4. Crushing component;

[0027] 11. Belt;

[0028] 21. Collection shaft; 22. Collection blade; 23. Conical filter hole;

[0029] 31. Cleaning shaft; 32. Elastic paddle assembly;

[0030] 321. Disc-shaped spring sheet;

[0031] 41. Crushing shaft; 42. Arc-shaped cutting blade assembly; 43. Gradually narrowing crushing chamber;

[0032] 421. Cutting edge;

[0033] 5. Connecting flange. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field comprises a drive device 1, a collection component 2, a cleaning component 3, and a crushing component 4 as its key components. The drive device 1, via a belt 11, causes the collection component 2, cleaning component 3, and crushing component 4 to rotate alternately with parallel and coplanar axes. On the cylindrical collection shaft 21 of the collection component 2, serrated collection blades 22 are evenly distributed circumferentially, and the surface of the collection blades 22 has an array of conical filter holes 23 with decreasing apertures. The cleaning shaft 31 of the cleaning component 3 has the same diameter as the collection shaft 21, and the elastic paddle assembly 32 is circumferentially offset, forming a radially interlaced comb-like structure with the collection blades 22. The crushing shaft 41 of the crushing component 4 has a larger diameter than the collection shaft 21, and its arc-shaped cutting blade assembly 42 is spirally arranged, forming a tapered crushing chamber 43 with the discharge port of the cleaning component 3. The collecting shaft 21, cleaning shaft 31, and crushing shaft 41 are arranged in an isosceles triangle according to the work flow. The distance between the collecting shaft 21 and the crushing shaft 41 is 2.5 times the diameter of the cleaning shaft 31, and the centers of the three shafts form a working plane. The elastic paddle assembly 32 dynamically cooperates with the collecting blade 22 through the butterfly spring 321, and the end texture corresponds to the tooth groove 221 of the collecting blade. The arc-shaped cutting blade assembly 42 has a spiral edge 421 with a 30° forward tilt angle, and the trajectory of the blade tip forms a 55° envelope angle with the axis of the crushing shaft 41.

[0038] In this implementation scheme, when the components work together, the cylindrical collecting shaft 21 of the collecting assembly 2 cooperates with the serrated collecting blade 22. Utilizing the array of conical filter holes 23 on the surface of the collecting blade 22, the material undergoes initial crushing and impurity screening upon entry, effectively improving the purity of the material and preparing it for subsequent operations. The elastic paddle assembly 32 of the cleaning assembly 3, with the aid of a butterfly spring 321, achieves dynamic cooperation with the collecting blade 22. The texture at the end of the paddle corresponds to the tooth groove 221 of the collecting blade, effectively removing impurities entangled on the collecting blade 22, preventing blockage, and ensuring continuous operation. The arc-shaped cutting blade assembly 42 of the crushing assembly 4 is spirally arranged, working in conjunction with the tapered crushing chamber 43 to guide the material to gradually receive force, achieving efficient crushing. The forward tilt angle design of the blade edge 421 and the envelope angle of the blade tip trajectory further enhance the uniformity and fineness of the crushing, ensuring that the final product meets agronomic requirements.

[0039] This device achieves efficient return of green manure and straw to the field through a staggered rotation design with parallel and coplanar axes and close cooperation among its components. The various structures work together to improve the quality and efficiency of the return operation.

[0040] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the drive unit 1 of this structure includes a dual-output shaft motor, a multi-wedge belt synchronously drives the collecting shaft 21 and the crushing shaft 41, and an intermediate bridge wheel system drives the cleaning shaft 31. The ratio of the tooth height of the collecting blade 22 to the inlet height of the crushing chamber 43 is 1:1.8, and the ratio of the amplitude of the elastic paddle 32 to the tooth pitch of the collecting blade is 1.2:1. The conical filter hole 23 has a large end diameter of 8mm and a small end diameter of 3mm, and the ratio of the hole depth to the thickness of the collecting blade 22 is 2:1. The collecting assembly 2, the cleaning assembly 3, and the crushing assembly 4 are connected by a connecting flange 5 in an octagonal centering structure. The flange mating surface has an annular V-shaped positioning groove, and the bolt holes are evenly distributed at 30° intervals. The surface of the collecting blade 22 is coated with a WC-Co hard alloy coating, and the cutting blade 42 is made of gradient hardened high manganese steel.

[0041] In this implementation scheme, the device needs to cooperate with the tractor's rear suspension system, utilizing the tractor's power take-off shaft (PTO) to provide driving force, and connecting to the dual-output shaft motor of the drive unit 1 via a universal joint drive shaft to ensure stable power transmission. During operation, existing soil monitoring equipment, such as a portable soil nutrient rapid analyzer, can be used to monitor the soil condition of the returning area in real time and optimize the returning operation parameters. Furthermore, the collecting blade 22 of this device can be made of high-strength alloy steel such as 65Mn steel to enhance wear resistance; the butterfly spring 321 of the elastic paddle assembly 32 can be made of 60Si2Mn spring steel to ensure the reliability of elastic compensation; the high-manganese steel material of the arc-shaped cutting blade assembly 42 can specifically be ZGMn, whose gradient hardening treatment can effectively extend its service life. The entire device can be equipped with a hydraulic lifting system for adjusting the working depth, and combined with a satellite navigation system (such as RTK-GPS) to achieve precise operation path planning, further improving the uniformity and consistency of the returning effect.

[0042] Furthermore, in one or more feasible embodiments, in this scheme, the drive unit 1 can be installed on the suspension system of agricultural machinery (such as a tractor), and the tractor's power take-off shaft (PTO) is connected to the dual output shaft motor of the drive unit 1 through a universal joint drive shaft, thereby providing power to the entire device.

[0043] During operation, the tractor drives the device to move. The collection component 2 first collects and initially crushes the green manure and straw. The rotation of the cylindrical collection shaft 21 and the serrated collection blade 22 realizes the collection and initial crushing of the material. At the same time, the array of conical filter holes 23 on the surface of the collection blade 22 can filter out some fine impurities.

[0044] Subsequently, the cleaning component 3 cleans the collected material. The elastic paddle group 32 forms a dynamic cooperation with the collecting blade 22 through the butterfly spring plate 321, and utilizes the texture of the paddle end to correspond with the tooth groove 221 of the collecting blade to effectively remove the entangled material mixed in the material and prevent blockage.

[0045] Next, the crushing component 4 crushes the cleaned material. The arc-shaped cutting blade assembly 42 is arranged in a spiral and forms a gradually narrowing crushing chamber 43 with the discharge port of the cleaning component 3, realizing efficient crushing of the material. The blade edge 421 is distributed in a spiral with a 30° forward tilt angle, and the blade tip trajectory forms a 55° envelope angle with the axis of the crushing shaft 41, further improving the crushing effect.

[0046] In practical applications, existing soil monitoring technologies and navigation systems (such as RTK-GPS) can be combined to optimize the operation path and parameters to achieve precise soil return. Meanwhile, the collecting blade 22 can be made of high-strength alloy steel such as 65Mn steel, the butterfly spring plate 321 of the elastic lever assembly 32 can be made of 60Si2Mn spring steel, and the arc-shaped cutting blade assembly 42 can be made of wear-resistant materials such as ZGMn high-manganese steel to improve the service life and reliability of the device.

[0047] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field, characterized in that, include: Drive unit (1), collection component (2), cleaning component (3) and crushing component (4); The drive device (1) synchronously drives the collection component (2), the cleaning component (3) and the crushing component (4) to rotate alternately with parallel and coplanar axes via belt (11); The collection component (2) includes a cylindrical collection shaft (21) and circumferentially distributed serrated collection blades (22). The surface of the collection blades (22) is provided with an array of tapered filter holes (23) with decreasing pore size. The cleaning assembly (3) includes a cleaning shaft (31) with the same diameter as the collecting shaft (21) and an elastic paddle group (32) that is circumferentially offset. The paddle group (32) and the collecting blade (22) form a radially interlaced comb structure. The crushing component (4) includes a crushing shaft (41) with a diameter greater than that of the collecting shaft (21) and a spirally arranged arc-shaped cutting blade assembly (42). The cutting blade assembly (42) and the discharge port of the cleaning component (3) form a gradually narrowing crushing chamber (43).

2. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting shaft (21), cleaning shaft (31), and crushing shaft (41) are arranged in an isosceles triangle according to the operation process. The distance between the collecting shaft (21) and the crushing shaft (41) is 2.5 times the diameter of the cleaning shaft (31). The center line of the three shafts forms a working plane.

3. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic paddle assembly (32) forms a dynamic engagement with the collecting blade (22) through a butterfly spring plate (321), and the end of the paddle is provided with a texture that meshes with the tooth groove (221) of the collecting blade.

4. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge (421) of the arc-shaped cutting blade assembly (42) is distributed in a spiral with a forward tilt angle of 30°, and the trajectory of the blade tip forms a 55° envelope angle with the axis of the crushing shaft (41).

5. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive device (1) includes a dual-output shaft motor that synchronously drives the collection shaft (21) and the crushing shaft (41) via a multi-wedge belt, and drives the cleaning shaft (31) via an intermediate bridge wheel system.

6. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the tooth height of the collecting blade (22) to the inlet height of the crushing chamber (43) is 1:1.8, and the ratio of the amplitude of the elastic paddle group (32) to the tooth pitch of the collecting blade is 1.2:

1.

7. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large end diameter of the conical filter hole (23) is 8 mm, the small end diameter is 3 mm, and the ratio of hole depth to the thickness of the collecting blade (22) is 2:

1.

8. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting component (2), cleaning component (3) and crushing component (4) are connected by an octagonal centering structure via a flange (5). The flange mating surface is provided with an annular V-shaped positioning groove, and the bolt holes are evenly distributed at 30° intervals.

9. The collection and crushing structure for combined deep plowing and returning of green manure and straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the collecting blade (22) is coated with WC-Co hard alloy, and the cutting blade assembly (42) is made of gradient hardened high manganese steel.

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