Low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle grassland biomass measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle grassland biomass measuring device, which relates to the technical field of grassland biomass measurement and comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a transmission tower is mounted on the upper surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle, a connecting disc is mounted in the center of the lower surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and an electric control hinge is mounted in the center of the lower surface of the connecting disc. A camera controller is fixedly mounted in the center of the electric control hinge; a plurality of carbon rods are installed on the peripheral face of the camera controller at equal intervals, connecting lugs are installed at the ends of the carbon rods, the connecting lugs are fixedly connected with the side wall of the motor, and the working end of the motor is fixedly connected with the side wall of the camera; a measuring unit is mounted in the center of the lower surface of the camera controller, the lower surface of the measuring unit is fixedly connected with the upper end of a propping unit, and the lower end of the propping unit is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a mowing unit; the side wall of the measuring unit is communicated with the side wall of the mowing unit through a guide pipe. The grassland biomass measuring device for the low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle can ensure the measuring precision and reduce the measuring cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grassland biomass measurement technology, and in particular to a low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional grassland biomass measurement employs the quadrat method. At the quadrat scale, the fresh weight of aboveground biomass is recorded using the traditional harvesting and weighing method. Then, a visual discrimination method is used to classify and weigh green vegetation and litter. After drying at a constant temperature of 65°C for 48 hours in a drying oven, the total dry weight of the material, the weight of hay, and the weight of litter in the quadrat are recorded, and the proportion of each component in the quadrat is calculated.

[0003] Grassland biomass measurement refers to the regular monitoring and statistical analysis of grassland vegetation. This allows for a rapid understanding of the land's condition and vegetation growth, playing a crucial role in environmental management. Two methods are used: ground-based measurement and remote sensing. Ground-based measurement involves manual sampling, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and only provides data from sample plots, limiting representativeness. Remote sensing, on the other hand, typically uses drones to photograph and analyze grasslands. However, remote sensing lacks comparative data, often resulting in lower accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device that can perform both remote sensing measurements and ground-based measurements by mowing plants within the sample plots, complementing the remote sensing data to ensure measurement accuracy.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model relates to a low-altitude drone grassland biomass measurement device, comprising a drone, a transmission tower mounted on the upper surface of the drone, a connecting plate mounted at the center of the lower surface of the drone, an electrically controlled hinge mounted at the center of the lower surface of the connecting plate, and a camera controller fixedly mounted at the center of the electrically controlled hinge.

[0007] Multiple carbon rods are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the camera controller. Connecting ears are installed at the ends of the carbon rods. The connecting ears are fixedly connected to the side wall of the motor. The working end of the motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the camera.

[0008] A measuring unit is installed at the center of the lower surface of the camera controller. The lower surface of the measuring unit is fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamping unit, and the lower end of the clamping unit is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mowing unit.

[0009] The sidewall of the measuring unit is connected to the sidewall of the mowing unit via a conduit;

[0010] A support frame is installed on the lower surface of the drone.

[0011] Preferably, the measuring unit includes a measuring housing, and a baffle is installed on the side wall of the measuring housing. The installation position of the baffle corresponds to the size of the upper opening of the conduit, and the size of the baffle is not less than the inner diameter of the conduit.

[0012] The lower surface of the measuring housing is also provided with a dust discharge port;

[0013] An electrically controlled discharge louver is installed on the side wall of the measuring housing opposite to the dust discharge port.

[0014] Preferably, an electrostatic adsorption plate is installed on the inner wall of the measuring housing, and the electrostatic adsorption plate is arranged at an angle to the inner wall of the measuring housing.

[0015] The electrostatic adsorption plate is located above the dust discharge port.

[0016] Preferably, a fan assembly is installed at the center of the top inner sidewall of the measuring housing; a heating wire is also installed on the top inner sidewall of the measuring housing, and the heating wire is located around the fan assembly.

[0017] Preferably, the fan assembly includes a fan body that penetrates the top sidewall of the measuring housing, and the non-working end of the fan body is fixedly connected to the camera controller via a resistance strain sensor;

[0018] The working end of the fan body is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet, with the opening of the air inlet facing the baffle.

[0019] The opening of the air outlet faces the electrically controlled discharge louver.

[0020] Preferably, the mowing unit includes a housing, a motor is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the housing, the middle inner side wall of the housing is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the square guide frame, and the inner side wall of the square guide frame abuts against the outer side wall of the cam.

[0021] The upper surface of the cam is connected to the working end of the motor via a universal joint, and a connecting shaft is installed at the center of the lower surface of the cam, with a blade installed at the free end of the connecting shaft.

[0022] Preferably, the lower end connection port of the conduit is located between the square guide frame and the blade.

[0023] Preferably, a sealing abutment plate is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the square guide frame.

[0024] Preferably, the lower opening of the housing is fitted with a flexible flared mouth.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] This utility model of a low-altitude UAV grassland biomass measurement device compares camera remote sensing measurement results with on-site small-area cutting and weighing measurement results. This not only significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of the measurement data, but also significantly improves measurement efficiency. It eliminates the need for manual measurement on the grassland, reducing labor costs and measurement time. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the measuring unit and the mowing unit of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view schematic diagram of the low-altitude UAV grassland biomass measurement device of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram (front view) of the internal components of the lawn mowing unit of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal components of the lawn mowing unit of this utility model.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. UAV; 2. Transmission tower; 3. Connecting plate; 4. Electrically controlled hinge; 5. Carbon fiber rod; 6. Camera; 7. Motor; 8. Support frame; 9. Camera controller; 10. Conduit; 11. Housing; 12. Abutment unit; 13. Measuring unit; 1301. Dust outlet; 1302. Baffle; 1303. Measuring housing; 14. Electrostatic adsorption plate; 15. Heating wire; 16. Fan assembly; 1601. Air inlet; 1602. Fan body; 1603. Air outlet; 17. Resistance strain sensor; 18. Electrically controlled discharge louver; 19. Flexible flared mouth; 20. Motor; 21. Universal joint; 22. Square guide frame; 23. Connecting shaft; 24. Blade; 25. Cam. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0038] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the low-altitude UAV grassland biomass measurement device includes a UAV 1. A transmission tower 2 is installed on the upper surface of the UAV 1. The transmission tower can ensure effective signal transmission and enable the UAV to execute more additional commands. A connecting plate 3 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the UAV 1. An electrically controlled hinge 4 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the connecting plate 3. A camera controller 9 is fixedly installed at the center of the electrically controlled hinge 4. During the flight of the UAV, the electrically controlled hinge can keep the camera controller in a horizontal state and avoid the camera controller being affected by flight or airflow.

[0039] Multiple carbon rods 5 are evenly spaced on the outer surface of the camera controller 9. Each carbon rod 5 has a connecting lug at its end, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the motor 7. The working end of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the camera 6. The use of carbon rods can significantly reduce the load of the drone and improve its loiter capability. Furthermore, four carbon rods are evenly spaced on the outer surface of the camera controller, with an included angle of 90 degrees between each carbon rod. At the same time, the motor on each connecting lug can synchronously drive the camera to rotate relative to the connecting lug. The biomass on the grassland is measured by controlling the rotation angle of the camera relative to the connecting lug. The measurement results are transmitted outward through the transmission tower.

[0040] A measuring unit 13 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the camera controller 9. The lower surface of the measuring unit 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressing unit 12, and the lower end of the pressing unit 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mowing unit.

[0041] The side wall of the measuring unit 13 is connected to the side wall of the mowing unit through the conduit 10;

[0042] A support frame 8 is installed on the lower surface of the drone 1.

[0043] Specifically, the measuring unit 13 includes a measuring housing 1303, and a baffle 1302 is installed on the side wall of the measuring housing 1303. The installation position of the baffle 1302 corresponds to the size of the upper opening of the conduit 10, and the size of the baffle 1302 is not less than the inner diameter of the conduit 10. The baffle can effectively block the upper opening of the conduit.

[0044] The lower surface of the measuring housing 1303 is also provided with a dust discharge port 1301;

[0045] An electrically controlled material discharge louver 18 is installed on the side wall of the measuring housing 1303 opposite to the dust discharge port 1301.

[0046] Specifically, an electrostatic adsorption plate 14 is installed on the inner wall of the measuring housing 1303. The electrostatic adsorption plate 14 is arranged at an angle to the inner wall of the measuring housing 1303. The electrostatic adsorption plate can remove dust from the attracted grass and ensure measurement accuracy.

[0047] The electrostatic adsorption plate 14 is located above the dust discharge port 1301.

[0048] Specifically, a fan assembly 16 is installed at the center of the top inner sidewall of the measuring housing 1303; a heating wire 15 is also installed on the top inner sidewall of the measuring housing 1303, and the heating wire 15 is located around the fan assembly 16. The heating wire can dry the wet grass inside the measuring housing.

[0049] Specifically, the fan assembly 16 includes a fan body 1602, which penetrates the top side wall of the measuring housing 1303. The non-working end of the fan body 1602 is fixedly connected to the camera controller 9 through a resistance strain sensor 17. The resistance strain sensor can measure the biomass inside the measuring housing.

[0050] The working end of the blower body 1602 is equipped with an air inlet 1601 and an air outlet 1603. The opening of the air inlet 1601 faces the baffle 1302. When attracting grass, the blower body exhausts the air inside the measuring housing through the air inlet, so that the inside of the measuring housing forms a negative pressure, which facilitates the attraction of grass.

[0051] The opening of the air outlet 1603 faces the electrically controlled discharge louver 18. When the measurement ends, the electrically controlled discharge louver opens, and the fan body blows air into the interior of the measuring housing through the air outlet to discharge the measured forage, which facilitates the biomass measurement of another test plot.

[0052] Specifically, the mowing unit includes a housing 11, a motor 20 is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the housing 11, the middle inner side wall of the housing 11 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the square guide frame 22, and the inner side wall of the square guide frame 22 abuts against the outer side wall of the cam 25; the cam is in the shape of a Reichstag triangle.

[0053] The upper surface of the cam 25 is connected to the working end of the motor 20 via a universal joint 21. A connecting shaft 23 is installed at the center of the lower surface of the cam 25. A blade 24 is installed at the free end of the connecting shaft 23, so that the area cut by the blade is rectangular, which facilitates the measurement of biomass on the cut area of ​​the grassland and compares it with the measurement results of the camera to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0054] Specifically, the lower end of the conduit 10 is located between the square guide frame 22 and the blade 24. The cutting range of the blade is only inside the shell and will not cut a large area of ​​grass. Furthermore, the internal size of the shell is 10cm*10cm. The blade cutting inside the shell has a relatively small impact on the grass compared to the quadrat measurement method.

[0055] Specifically, a sealing abutment plate is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the square guide frame 22.

[0056] Specifically, the lower opening of the shell 11 is equipped with a flexible flared mouth 19. The flexible flared mouth can ensure the sealing when the shell is in contact with the grass and can also ensure the attraction effect after the biomass inside the shell is cut.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device, comprising a UAV (1), wherein a transmission tower (2) is mounted on the upper surface of the UAV (1), characterized in that: A connecting plate (3) is installed at the center of the lower surface of the drone (1), an electrically controlled hinge (4) is installed at the center of the lower surface of the connecting plate (3), and a camera controller (9) is fixedly installed at the center of the electrically controlled hinge (4). Multiple carbon rods (5) are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the camera controller (9). The ends of the carbon rods (5) are equipped with connecting ears, which are fixedly connected to the side wall of the motor (7). The working end of the motor (7) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the camera (6). A measuring unit (13) is installed at the center of the lower surface of the camera controller (9). The lower surface of the measuring unit (13) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressing unit (12). The lower end of the pressing unit (12) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mowing unit. The sidewall of the measuring unit (13) is connected to the sidewall of the mowing unit via a conduit (10); A support frame (8) is installed on the lower surface of the drone (1).

2. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring unit (13) includes a measuring housing (1303), and a baffle (1302) is installed on the side wall of the measuring housing (1303). The installation position of the baffle (1302) corresponds to the size of the upper opening of the conduit (10), and the size of the baffle (1302) is not less than the inner diameter of the conduit (10). The lower surface of the measuring housing (1303) is also provided with a dust discharge port (1301); An electrically controlled discharge louver (18) is installed on the side wall of the measuring housing (1303) opposite to the dust discharge port (1301).

3. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An electrostatic adsorption plate (14) is installed on the inner wall of the measuring housing (1303), and the electrostatic adsorption plate (14) is arranged at an angle to the inner wall of the measuring housing (1303). The electrostatic adsorption plate (14) is located above the dust discharge port (1301).

4. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fan assembly (16) is installed at the center of the top inner sidewall of the measuring housing (1303); a heating wire (15) is also installed on the top inner sidewall of the measuring housing (1303), and the heating wire (15) is located on the periphery of the fan assembly (16).

5. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fan assembly (16) includes a fan body (1602), which penetrates the top sidewall of the measuring housing (1303), and the non-working end of the fan body (1602) is fixedly connected to the camera controller (9) through a resistance strain sensor (17). The working end of the fan body (1602) is equipped with an air inlet (1601) and an air outlet (1603), and the opening of the air inlet (1601) faces the baffle (1302). The opening of the air outlet (1603) faces the electrically controlled discharge louver (18).

6. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mowing unit includes a housing (11), a motor (20) is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the housing (11), the middle inner side wall of the housing (11) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the square guide frame (22), and the inner side wall of the square guide frame (22) abuts against the outer side wall of the cam (25). The upper surface of the cam (25) is connected to the working end of the motor (20) via a universal joint (21). A connecting shaft (23) is installed at the center of the lower surface of the cam (25), and a blade (24) is installed at the free end of the connecting shaft (23).

7. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the conduit (10) is located between the square guide frame (22) and the blade (24).

8. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing abutment plate is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the square guide frame (22).

9. The low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) grassland biomass measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower opening of the housing (11) is fitted with a flexible flared mouth (19).

Images