Interphalangeal joint prosthesis with bionic structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to an interphalangeal joint prosthesis with a bionic structure, which belongs to the technical field of medical prostheses and is characterized in that the near end of a near-end prosthesis is connected with a near phalanx, and the far end of a far-end prosthesis is connected with a middle phalanx; the far end of the near-end prosthesis is of a bionic structure of a near-end articular surface of the interphalangeal joint, the near end of the liner is of a bionic structure of a far-end articular surface of the interphalangeal joint, and the far end of the near-end prosthesis and the near end of the liner are matched and can rotate relative to each other; the liner is made of flexible materials and provides buffering between the near-end prosthesis and the far-end prosthesis. Through cooperation of the bionic structure, miniaturization is achieved, and meanwhile the flexibility and stability of the interphalangeal joint prosthesis of the bionic structure in the flexion and extension movement are guaranteed through the structure of the human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical prosthesis technology, specifically relating to a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis. Background Technology

[0002] Interphalangeal joints often suffer from deformities, damage, or abnormal articular surfaces due to various physiological or pathological factors, leading to joint pain, limited mobility, and even joint defects. Treatment often requires prosthetic implants to address the affected interphalangeal joint. The flexion and extension mobility of the implanted interphalangeal joint prosthesis is particularly important, needing to balance aesthetics with functional flexion and extension. However, existing interphalangeal joint prostheses are mostly based on a pivot structure design, which lacks advantages in miniaturization. This results in a larger area requiring osteotomy during implantation, potentially damaging the joint and ligament tissues, which is detrimental to maintaining the joint's appearance and postoperative recovery. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis. The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0004] This invention provides a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis, comprising: a proximal prosthesis, a pad, and a distal prosthesis; the proximal end of the proximal prosthesis is connected to the proximal phalanx, and the distal end of the proximal prosthesis is a biomimetic structure of the proximal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint; the proximal end of the pad is a biomimetic structure of the distal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint; wherein, the middle surface of the distal end of the proximal prosthesis is concave, and the two side surfaces are convex; the middle surface of the proximal end of the pad is convex, and the two side surfaces are concave; the distal end of the proximal prosthesis and the proximal end of the pad cooperate with each other and are rotatably connected; the pad is made of flexible material, and the distal end of the pad is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the distal prosthesis; the distal end of the distal prosthesis is connected to the middle phalanx.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the proximal prosthesis includes: a proximal phalanx connection portion and a first flexor-extension portion, the proximal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion is connected to the proximal phalanx, the distal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the first flexor-extension portion, and the distal end of the first flexor-extension portion is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the pad.

[0006] In one embodiment of this utility model, the proximal phalanx connection portion is a square column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the proximal phalanx connection portion gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end; the proximal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion connects to the medullary cavity of the proximal phalanx.

[0007] In one embodiment of this utility model, the distal end of the pad is a convex arc surface, and a connecting rod is also provided at the distal end of the pad, which is used to connect to the proximal end of the distal prosthesis.

[0008] In one embodiment of this utility model, the connecting rod is a hexagonal prism.

[0009] In one embodiment of this utility model, the distal prosthesis includes: a second flexor-extension portion and a middle phalanx connection portion, the proximal end of the second flexor-extension portion is fixedly connected to the distal end of the pad, the distal end of the second flexor-extension portion is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the middle phalanx connection portion, and the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion is connected to the middle phalanx.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, the proximal end of the second flexural portion is a concave arc surface, and a connecting groove is provided at the proximal end of the second flexural portion, which cooperates with the connecting rod.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, the connecting groove is an internal hexagonal groove.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the middle phalanx connection portion is a square column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the middle phalanx connection portion gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end; the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion is connected to the medullary cavity of the middle phalanx.

[0013] In one embodiment of this invention, the proximal prosthesis, the padding, and the distal prosthesis all conform to the physiological curvature of the human body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] This invention relates to a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis. The proximal end of the proximal prosthesis connects to the proximal phalanx, and the distal end of the distal prosthesis connects to the middle phalanx. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis is a biomimetic structure of the proximal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint, and the proximal end of the pad is a biomimetic structure of the distal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis and the proximal end of the pad cooperate and can rotate relative to each other. The pad is made of a flexible material, providing cushioning between the proximal and distal prostheses. Through this biomimetic structure, miniaturization is achieved, while the structure of the human body ensures the flexibility and stability of the biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis during flexion and extension movements.

[0016] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram (side view) of a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2This is a structural schematic diagram (front view) of a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram (rear view) of a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] Icons: 100 - proximal prosthesis; 110 - proximal phalanx connection; 120 - first flexor / extension segment; 200 - padding; 300 - distal prosthesis; 310 - second flexor / extension segment; 320 - middle phalanx connection. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model to achieve its intended purpose, the following detailed description of a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis based on this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of this utility model will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Through the description of the specific embodiments, a more in-depth and specific understanding can be gained of the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model to achieve the intended purpose. However, the accompanying drawings are only provided for reference and illustration and are not intended to limit the technical solution of this utility model.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this utility model provides a biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis, comprising: a proximal prosthesis 100, a pad 200, and a distal prosthesis 300 connected in sequence. The proximal prosthesis 100 is connected to the proximal phalanx and is rotatably connected to the pad 200. The pad 200 is fixedly connected to the distal prosthesis 300 and is connected to the middle phalanx.

[0025] In this embodiment, the proximal end of the proximal prosthesis 100 is connected to the proximal phalanx, and the distal end of the proximal prosthesis 100 is a biomimetic structure of the proximal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint. The proximal end of the pad 200 is a biomimetic structure of the distal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis 100 has a concave middle surface and convex lateral surfaces; the proximal end of the pad 200 has a convex middle surface and concave lateral surfaces. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis 100 and the proximal end of the pad 200 are mutually engaged and rotatably connected. The distal end of the pad 200 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the distal prosthesis 300, and the distal end of the distal prosthesis 300 is connected to the middle phalanx.

[0026] It is worth noting that the connection between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200 forms a biomimetic structure of the human joint interface. Specifically, the distal end of the proximal prosthesis 100 is a biomimetic structure resembling a concave glenoid fossa, while the proximal end of the pad 200 is a biomimetic structure resembling a convex articular head. Furthermore, the joint capsule, which surrounds the glenoid fossa and articular head, also surrounds the connection between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200. Combined with the collateral ligaments and palmar plate of the human body, this prevents slippage of the biomimetic joint structure between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200, while also enabling flexion and extension movements driven by the flexor and extensor tendons. In other words, the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200 biomimeticly replicate the anatomical structure of the human finger joint. By utilizing the body's own joint and ligament structures, they reduce the volume of the interphalangeal joint prosthesis, improve its robustness and connection stability, and also provide flexion and extension mobility. In addition, the protrusion and depression structure between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200 also plays a role in improving stability, making the movement between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200 directional.

[0027] Furthermore, the liner 200 is made of a flexible material. This flexibility allows the liner 200 to function as abrasion-resistant, impact-resistant, and stable material, thus fulfilling the function of articular cartilage. The liner 200 is lubricated by tissue fluid, preventing direct friction between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the distal prosthesis 300 made of metal, thereby reducing wear. For example, the liner 200 can be made of polyethylene.

[0028] Furthermore, the contact surfaces between the distal end of the proximal prosthesis 100 and the proximal end of the pad 200 are both arc-shaped, ensuring that there are no sharp points between the contact surfaces to reduce wear and make flexion and extension movements smooth.

[0029] In this embodiment, the proximal prosthesis 100 includes a proximal phalanx connecting portion 110 and a first flexor-extension portion 120. The proximal end of the proximal phalanx connecting portion 110 is connected to the proximal phalanx, and the distal end of the proximal phalanx connecting portion 110 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the first flexor-extension portion 120. The distal end of the first flexor-extension portion 120 is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the pad 200.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, the proximal phalanx connection portion 110 is a square column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the proximal phalanx connection portion 110 gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end; the proximal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion 110 connects to the medullary cavity of the proximal phalanx.

[0031] For example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the proximal phalanx connection portion 110 gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end, the proximal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion 110 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the proximal phalanx, and the proximal phalanx connection portion 110 has a curvature to conform to the physiological curvature of the proximal phalanx.

[0032] Furthermore, the movable connection between the distal end of the first flexion portion 120 and the proximal end of the liner 200 is polished to ensure smooth movement and improve wear resistance.

[0033] In this embodiment, the distal prosthesis 300 includes a second flexor / extensor portion 310 and a middle phalanx connection portion 320. The proximal end of the second flexor / extensor portion 310 is fixedly connected to the distal end of the pad 200, the distal end of the second flexor / extensor portion 310 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the middle phalanx connection portion 320, and the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion 320 is connected to the middle phalanx.

[0034] In one optional embodiment, the distal end of the pad 200 is a convex arcuate surface, and a connecting rod is also provided at the distal end of the pad 200 for connecting to the proximal end of the distal prosthesis 300. The proximal end of the second flexion-extension portion 310 is a concave arcuate surface, and a connecting groove is provided at the proximal end of the second flexion-extension portion 310, which mates with the connecting rod.

[0035] For example, the distal arcuate surface of the pad 200 mates with the proximal arcuate surface of the second flexor 310, and the connecting rod is a hexagonal prism with an internal hexagonal groove. Through the engagement of the hexagonal prism and the internal hexagonal groove, the pad 200 and the distal prosthesis 300 are connected as a single structure. In other words, the pad 200 and the distal prosthesis 300 can be considered as a complete partial prosthesis. It is worth noting that the engagement of the arcuate surfaces and the connection between the hexagonal prism and the internal hexagonal groove ensure a stable connection between the pad 200 and the distal prosthesis 300, while the engagement of the hexagonal prism and the internal hexagonal groove also serves to prevent rotation.

[0036] In one optional embodiment, the middle phalanx connection portion 320 is a square column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the middle phalanx connection portion 320 gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end; the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion 320 connects to the medullary cavity of the middle phalanx.

[0037] For example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the middle phalanx connection portion 320 gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end, the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion 320 is inserted into the medullary cavity of the middle phalanx, and the middle phalanx connection portion 320 has a curvature to conform to the physiological curvature of the middle phalanx.

[0038] For example, both the proximal prosthesis 100 and the distal prosthesis 300 are made of titanium alloy. Vacuum titanium slurry is sprayed on the surface of both the proximal prosthesis 100 and the distal prosthesis 300 to increase the friction between them and the medullary cavity of the finger, prevent rotation and improve stability, and also play a role in wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0039] It is worth noting that the proximal prosthesis 100, the padding 200, and the distal prosthesis 300 all conform to the physiological curvature of the human body.

[0040] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis uses a shaftless and hingeless biomimetic splicing structure for the connection between the proximal prosthesis 100 and the pad 200. This utilizes the body's own structure to achieve stability and flexion / extension, reducing the volume of the interphalangeal joint prosthesis. It offers advantages such as less osteotomy, better stability, and no damage to human joint tissue. Furthermore, because the proximal prosthesis 100, pad 200, and distal prosthesis 300 are spliced ​​together, they can be individually designed and fitted according to the actual size of the osteotomy joint defect, and spliced ​​together during implantation, resulting in good adaptability.

[0041] The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis provided in this embodiment has a proximal prosthesis connected to the proximal phalanx and a distal prosthesis connected to the middle phalanx. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis is a biomimetic structure of the proximal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint, and the proximal end of the pad is a biomimetic structure of the distal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis and the proximal end of the pad cooperate and can rotate relative to each other. The pad is made of flexible material and provides cushioning between the proximal and distal prostheses. Through the biomimetic structure, miniaturization is achieved, while the human body's own structure ensures the mobility and stability of the biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis during flexion and extension movements.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device comprising said element. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0043] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis, characterized in that, include: The proximal prosthesis (100), the liner (200), and the distal prosthesis (300); The proximal end of the proximal prosthesis (100) is connected to the proximal phalanx, the distal end of the proximal prosthesis (100) is a biomimetic structure of the proximal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint, and the proximal end of the pad (200) is a biomimetic structure of the distal articular surface of the interphalangeal joint. The distal end of the proximal prosthesis (100) has a concave middle surface and convex side surfaces; the proximal end of the pad (200) has a convex middle surface and concave side surfaces; the distal end of the proximal prosthesis (100) and the proximal end of the pad (200) are mutually engaged and rotatably connected. The pad (200) is made of a flexible material, and the distal end of the pad (200) is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the distal prosthesis (300); the distal end of the distal prosthesis (300) is connected to the middle phalanx.

2. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proximal prosthesis (100) includes a proximal phalanx connection portion (110) and a first flexor-extension portion (120), wherein the proximal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion (110) is connected to the proximal phalanx, the distal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion (110) is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the first flexor-extension portion (120), and the distal end of the first flexor-extension portion (120) is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the pad (200).

3. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The proximal phalanx connection portion (110) is a square column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the proximal phalanx connection portion (110) gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end; the proximal end of the proximal phalanx connection portion (110) is connected to the medullary cavity of the proximal phalanx.

4. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distal end of the pad (200) is a convex arc surface, and a connecting rod is also provided at the distal end of the pad (200) for connecting the proximal end of the distal prosthesis (300).

5. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting rod is a hexagonal prism.

6. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distal prosthesis (300) includes a second flexor / extensor portion (310) and a middle phalanx connection portion (320), the proximal end of the second flexor / extensor portion (310) being fixedly connected to the distal end of the pad (200), the distal end of the second flexor / extensor portion (310) being fixedly connected to the proximal end of the middle phalanx connection portion (320), and the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion (320) being connected to the middle phalanx.

7. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 6, characterized in that, The proximal end of the second flexure portion (310) is a concave arc surface, and a connecting groove is provided at the proximal end of the second flexure portion (310), which cooperates with the connecting rod.

8. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting groove is an internal hexagonal groove.

9. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 6, characterized in that, The middle phalanx connection portion (320) is a square column, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the middle phalanx connection portion (320) gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end; the distal end of the middle phalanx connection portion (320) is connected to the medullary cavity of the middle phalanx.

10. The biomimetic interphalangeal joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The proximal prosthesis (100), the pad (200), and the distal prosthesis (300) all conform to the physiological curvature of the human body.

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