Soil area drainage structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil area drainage structure, relates to the field of gutter inlets, and aims to solve the problem that organic impurities entrained in the initial stage of rainwater flushing easily enter a drainage system through the gutter inlets, a planting soil layer is concave downwards relative to a peripheral soil area and a top opening of the gutter inlet to form a water storage area, initial rainwater is preferentially received, and the water flow speed is reduced. Large-particle impurities such as deadwood and residual leaves are precipitated and retained, preliminary interception is achieved, pollutants such as organic impurities and silt in initial rainwater are effectively removed through the physical filtering effect of the planting soil layer and the double-layer filtering layer and the adsorption effect of vegetation, the eutrophication risk of a water body in a drainage system is reduced, and an initial rainwater treatment facility does not need to be independently built.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rainwater inlets, and in particular to a soil-based regional drainage structure. Background Technology

[0002] In municipal drainage systems, storm drains are structures that collect rainwater at the front end. Storm drains are not only located in paved road areas but also in soil areas such as flower beds and green spaces. Storm drains located in soil areas are affected by the withered branches and leaves of the surrounding vegetation. Rainwater can carry dead branches, fallen leaves, garbage, and other solid impurities into the storm drains, easily clogging the drain grates, causing drainage blockage, and ultimately leading to storm drain failure and water accumulation in the area.

[0003] While additional interception structures can be added to reduce clogging of the grates, rainwater carries a large amount of organic impurities in the early stages of its flow. When these impurities are transported to the drainage system through the rainwater well, they can accelerate eutrophication of the water in the drainage system, affecting water quality. Collecting and treating the initial rainwater separately is also more complex and costly. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a drainage structure for soil areas. The planting soil layer is recessed relative to the surrounding soil area and the top opening of the rainwater inlet, forming a water storage area that preferentially receives initial rainwater, slows down the water flow, and allows large particles such as dead branches and leaves to settle and be retained, achieving initial interception. Through the physical filtration of the planting soil layer and the double-layer filter layer, as well as the adsorption effect of the vegetation, it effectively removes organic impurities, silt, and other pollutants from the initial rainwater, reducing the risk of eutrophication in the drainage system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0006] A soil-based drainage structure includes:

[0007] The rainwater inlet is located in the soil area. The top opening of the rainwater inlet is equipped with a grate, and the bottom is a well body.

[0008] The water purification components are distributed around the rainwater well. The water purification components include, from bottom to top, a drainage chamber, a permeable baffle, a second filter layer, a first filter layer, and a planting soil layer. The planting soil layer is planted with vegetation to form a debris trap and vegetation zone. The planting soil layer is recessed downward relative to the soil area and the top opening of the rainwater inlet. The side wall of the drainage chamber is provided with a connecting pipe that connects to the well body. The end of the connecting pipe near the drainage chamber forms a water storage area between it and the bottom surface of the drainage chamber. The axis of the connecting pipe is inclined relative to the horizontal plane.

[0009] Furthermore, a sewage interception basket is also installed inside the rainwater inlet, with the opening of the sewage interception basket facing the grate and suspended below the grate.

[0010] Furthermore, the circumference of the rainwater inlet is a well ring, which supports the grate.

[0011] Furthermore, the first filter layer is formed by laying crushed stone, and the second filter layer is formed by laying gravel, with the diameter of the crushed stone being larger than that of the gravel.

[0012] Furthermore, the planting soil layer is formed by laying planting soil, and the permeable partition is a sand-based permeable board with a steel reinforcement skeleton inside.

[0013] Furthermore, the sidewall of the water purification component is made of concrete, and the edge of the sand-based permeable board overlaps the concrete sidewall of the water purification component.

[0014] Furthermore, the permeable baffle is installed above the drainage cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, along the circumference of the rainwater well, the drainage chamber is annular, and the permeable baffle, the second filter layer, the first filter layer, and the planting soil layer are all annular and fitted outside the rainwater inlet.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the connecting pipe that connects to the well body extends into the well body.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom of the well body is connected to the municipal drainage system via a rainwater inlet connection pipe.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] To address the issue of organic impurities carried by rainwater during the initial runoff stage easily entering the drainage system through rainwater inlets, the planting soil layer is recessed relative to the surrounding soil area and the top opening of the rainwater inlet, forming a water storage zone. This zone prioritizes receiving initial rainwater, slowing the water flow and allowing large particles such as dead branches and leaves to settle and remain, achieving initial interception. Through the physical filtration of the planting soil layer and the double-layer filter layer, as well as the adsorption effect of the vegetation, organic impurities, silt, and other pollutants in the initial rainwater are effectively removed, reducing the risk of eutrophication in the drainage system and eliminating the need for a separate initial rainwater treatment facility. The connecting pipe and the water storage zone achieve a drainage mode of initial filtration and direct discharge in the later stages: during light rain, the focus is on purifying the initial rainwater; during heavy rain, a large amount of rainwater bypasses the recessed area above the planting soil layer and directly enters the rainwater inlet for rapid discharge. At this time, the organic impurity content in the rainwater is low, allowing for direct discharge. This solves the pollution problem, adapts to different rainfall intensities, and improves the reliability of the drainage system.

[0020] The permeable baffle uses a sand-based permeable panel with an internal steel reinforcement frame. The steel reinforcement frame enhances its strength, enabling it to withstand the pressure of the overlying soil layer and rainwater. At the same time, the sand-based permeable panel has good permeability, ensuring smooth rainwater infiltration. The sidewalls of the water purification module are made of concrete, and the edges of the sand-based permeable panel overlap the concrete sidewalls. The permeable baffle is erected above the drainage chamber, enhancing the stability of the entire water purification module structure and ensuring the normal operation of filtration and drainage functions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the soil drainage structure on the hardened road surface in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage structure in the soil area in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing that, in an embodiment of this utility model, the rainwater inlet is surrounded by a series of trapping and purification chambers.

[0024] Numbering Explanation (in order of first appearance): 1. Soil area; 2. Rainwater inlet; 21. Gravel; 211. Inlet hole; 22. Well ring; 23. Sewage interception basket; 24. Well body; 3. Water purification components; 31. Debris trapping and vegetation area; 32. Planting soil layer; 33. Fine gravel area; 34. Coarse crushed stone area; 35. Permeable partition; 36. Drainage chamber; 37. Water storage area; 4. Connecting pipe; 5. Rainwater inlet connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In municipal drainage systems, storm drains 2 located in soil areas 1 face the problem of clogging by impurities. Rainwater from soil areas 1 carries solid impurities such as dead branches, leaves, and garbage into storm drains 2, easily clogging the grates 21, leading to poor drainage and even water accumulation. There is also the problem of initial rainwater pollution. Rainwater washes away a large amount of organic impurities carried in the initial rainwater flow, which enters the drainage system through storm drains, accelerating eutrophication of water bodies. However, separately collecting and treating initial rainwater is costly and complex. Figure 1 As shown, the drainage structure in the soil area solves the above problems by setting up rainwater inlets 2 and water purification components 3.

[0027] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the drainage structure in the soil area mainly includes rainwater inlets 2 and water purification components 3, which are arranged in the soil area 1, such as in low-lying areas formed by natural terrain, uneven backfilling areas at construction sites, near ditches on both sides of roads, and in flower beds in green belts, etc.

[0028] A grate 21 is installed on the top of the rainwater inlet 2, and a well body 24 is below it. The grate 21 overlaps with the well ring 22 of the rainwater inlet 2. The main structure of the well body 24 is a concrete structure to ensure its stability. The grate 21 can be installed on the well ring 22 in an embedded manner so that the top of the rainwater inlet 2 is flush with the top surface of the grate 21.

[0029] The water purification components 3 are distributed around the rainwater inlet 2, which can initially intercept rainwater from all directions around the rainwater inlet 2, and then filter and absorb the intercepted rainwater. Specifically, the water purification components 3 extend downward from the surface of the soil area 1, and from top to bottom are the planting soil layer 32, the first filter layer, the second filter layer, the permeable baffle 35, and the drainage chamber 36. The side walls and bottom walls of the water purification components 3 are also made of concrete.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the planting soil layer 32 is recessed relative to the top opening of the surrounding soil area 1 and the rainwater inlet 2, forming a water storage area. It preferentially receives the initial rainwater, slows down the water flow, and causes large particles such as dead branches and leaves to settle and remain, similar to the initial interception function of a sedimentation tank.

[0031] The planting soil layer 32 is covered with vegetation, which can be amphibious plants. The planted vegetation can directly block some floating impurities, while the root system can fix the soil and reduce the mud and sand brought by rainwater erosion, forming a debris-blocking and vegetation zone 31.

[0032] It also forms a dual-layer filtration structure for water purification. The first filtration layer is located below the planting soil layer 32 and can filter out fine particulate impurities in rainwater, such as silt, leaf debris, etc. The second filtration layer is located below the first filtration layer and can intercept even finer impurities, while providing a channel for rainwater infiltration.

[0033] The permeable baffle 35 can support the first filter layer and the second filter layer above it, so that a drainage cavity 36 is formed below the permeable baffle 35. The drainage cavity 36 receives rainwater that passes through the permeable baffle 35. The end of the connecting pipe 4 near the drainage cavity 36 forms a water storage area 37 with the bottom surface. The top elevation of the water storage area 37 is flush with the bottom of the starting end of the connecting pipe 4, which can store a portion of the pre-purified rainwater.

[0034] The axis of the connecting pipe 4 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, sloping towards the rainwater inlet 2 well body 24. Gravity is used to ensure that the filtered rainwater flows smoothly into the well body 24, avoiding backflow of water accumulation.

[0035] In the initial stage of rainfall, rainwater first enters the water purification component 3, where it is filtered layer by layer through the planting soil layer 32, double-layer filter layer, and permeable baffle 35, reducing the organic matter content. The purified rainwater then flows into the well body 24 through the connecting pipe 4, preventing the initial rainwater carrying a large amount of organic impurities from directly entering the drainage system. During the later stages of rainwater discharge, as the rainfall volume increases, the recessed planting soil layer 32 of the water purification component 3 is filled. The rainwater from the later stages will then bypass the water purification component 3 and directly enter the well body 24 through the inlet hole 211 of the grate 21, allowing for rapid discharge and meeting the needs of high-flow-rate drainage.

[0036] The inlet hole 211 of the grate 21 at the top of the rainwater inlet 2 can initially intercept larger impurities. A sewage interception basket 23 is also installed inside the rainwater inlet 2. The opening of the sewage interception basket 23 faces the grate 21 and is suspended below the grate 21. The sewage interception basket 23 is fixedly suspended on the well ring 22, which can effectively capture small-sized impurity particles passing through the grate 21, forming a double insurance to further prevent the grate 21 and the well body 24 from clogging.

[0037] The recessed debris trap and vegetation zone 31 of the water purification component 3 first intercept large particulate impurities, reducing solid waste entering the grate 21 of the rainwater inlet 2. Combined with the secondary interception of the intercepting basket 23, the probability of grate 21 clogging is significantly reduced, ensuring smooth drainage and preventing water accumulation in the area. Through the physical filtration of the planting soil layer 32, the double-layer filter layer, and the adsorption effect of the vegetation, organic impurities, silt, and other pollutants in the initial rainwater are effectively removed, reducing the risk of eutrophication in the drainage system. There is no need to build a separate initial rainwater treatment facility, thus balancing environmental benefits and economic efficiency.

[0038] The intercepting basket 23 is suspended below the grate 21, with its opening directly facing the water inlet 211. It uses gravity to capture small particles of impurities such as gravel and silt that pass through the grate 21. The basket is designed to be detachable for easy regular cleaning and to prevent impurities from accumulating and clogging the well body 24.

[0039] The planting soil layer 32 has a downward depression depth of 0.1-0.3m, where amphibious vegetation is planted. The vegetation roots fix the soil, and the vegetation has good erosion resistance. At the same time, the plants absorb organic matter from rainwater, and the depression design can temporarily store initial rainwater, extending the filtration time. The thickness of the planting soil layer 32 is 0.15-0.3m.

[0040] The first filter layer is formed by laying crushed stone, and the second filter layer is formed by laying gravel, with the crushed stone having a larger diameter than the gravel. Specifically, the first filter layer is made of crushed stone with a particle size of 3-5 cm and a thickness of 0.15-0.3 m. Its larger pores allow it to preferentially intercept large particles of impurities and also serve as a water flow channel, promoting the sedimentation of impurities. The second filter layer is made of gravel with a particle size of 1-2 cm and a thickness of 0.15-0.3 m. Its finer pores further filter out fine particles such as silt and leaf debris, ensuring initial water purification.

[0041] The permeable baffle 35 is a sand-based permeable board with a steel reinforcement skeleton inside. The side wall of the water purification component 3 is made of concrete. The edge of the sand-based permeable board overlaps the concrete side wall of the water purification component 3. The sand-based permeable board has an embedded steel reinforcement skeleton. The thickness of the sand-based permeable board is 0.1-0.3m. It separates the filter layer from the drainage chamber 36 to prevent gravel and other particles from falling into the drainage chamber 36 and causing blockage.

[0042] The drainage chamber 36 is annular around the rainwater inlet 2, with a diameter typically 0.5-1m larger than the well body 24 and a height of 0.3-0.5m. The water storage area 37 is 0.1m deep, and the bottom of the connecting pipe 4 is flush with the top of the water storage area 37. The annular structure allows rainwater to permeate and filter evenly, avoiding localized erosion that could lead to filtration failure.

[0043] The slope of connecting pipe 4 should be ≥0.01, such as 1%, sloping towards the well body 24 to ensure that the filtered rainwater flows by gravity and avoids water accumulation. Connecting pipe 4 can be made of 100mm diameter UPVC material, which balances flow requirements and corrosion resistance, and can withstand the pressure of 0.5m water depth without breaking.

[0044] The sidewalls of the water purification component are made of C25 concrete with a thickness of 100-150mm to prevent slope collapse and have a service life of ≥20 years, far exceeding the 5-8 years of ordinary plastic drainage facilities.

[0045] One end of the connecting pipe 4, which connects to the well body 24, extends into the well body 24. This allows the rainwater flowing into the well body 24 from the water purification component 3 to be guided, reducing the water flow that would otherwise erode the well body 24.

[0046] This embodiment can be used for rainwater collection in soil areas 1 such as urban green belts, flower beds, and parks. The bottom of the well body 24 is connected to the municipal drainage system through a rainwater inlet connecting pipe 5, and the collected rainwater can be discharged into the municipal drainage system.

[0047] This drainage system combines municipal drainage with ecological purification through an interception-filtration-discharge system design. It not only solves the problems of blockage and pollution of rainwater inlets in soil areas, but also achieves a balance between environmental benefits and engineering practicality at a low cost.

[0048] The specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications or substitutions to the utility model are also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations, modifications, and improvements made without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model should be covered within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A soil-based regional drainage structure, characterized in that, include: The rainwater inlet is located in the soil area. The top opening of the rainwater inlet is equipped with a grate, and the bottom is a well body. The water purification components are distributed around the rainwater well. The water purification components include, from bottom to top, a drainage chamber, a permeable baffle, a second filter layer, a first filter layer, and a planting soil layer. The planting soil layer is planted with vegetation to form a debris trap and vegetation zone. The planting soil layer is recessed downward relative to the soil area and the top opening of the rainwater inlet. The side wall of the drainage chamber is provided with a connecting pipe that connects to the well body. The end of the connecting pipe near the drainage chamber forms a water storage area between it and the bottom surface of the drainage chamber. The axis of the connecting pipe is inclined relative to the horizontal plane.

2. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drain inlet is also equipped with a sewage interception basket, with the opening of the basket facing the grate and suspended below the grate.

3. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The circumference of the rainwater inlet is a well ring, which supports the grate.

4. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter layer is formed by laying crushed stone, and the second filter layer is formed by laying gravel, with the diameter of the crushed stone being larger than that of the gravel.

5. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The planting soil layer is formed by laying planting soil, and the permeable partition is a sand-based permeable board with a steel reinforcement skeleton inside.

6. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sidewall of the water purification component is made of concrete, and the edge of the sand-based permeable board overlaps the concrete sidewall of the water purification component.

7. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1, 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that, The permeable baffle is installed above the drainage cavity.

8. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the rainwater well, the drainage chamber is annular, and the permeable baffle, the second filter layer, the first filter layer and the planting soil layer are all annular and are fitted outside the rainwater inlet.

9. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the connecting pipe extends into the well body.

10. The soil area drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the well is connected to the municipal drainage system via a rainwater inlet pipe.

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