Battery device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery device, which comprises a shell with an accommodating space; the battery module is arranged in the accommodating space; the elastic gas storage part is provided with a gas storage space, the gas storage space is communicated with the containing space, and the elastic gas storage part can expand or contract according to the temperature in the containing space so as to balance the pressure in the containing space. According to the structure, the pressure condition in the shell can be automatically balanced, so that the shell of the battery device cannot be deformed under the condition that the external environment temperature is changed, and the use safety of the battery device is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy storage technology, specifically to a battery device. Background Technology

[0002] The battery pack is a crucial component of new energy vehicles, and its safety directly impacts driving safety. Current battery pack technologies primarily consist of a housing and battery modules housed within it, forming a closed environment. When a vehicle operates in environments with significant temperature differences, the temperature within the battery pack housing also fluctuates. Increased temperature causes the gas inside the battery pack housing to expand, increasing pressure, while decreased temperature causes the gas inside the battery pack housing to contract, decreasing pressure.

[0003] Because battery pack casings are typically made of thin sheets, pressure fluctuations within the casing can easily cause deformation. In particular, when the pressure decreases, the casing can partially cave in. If the metal casing wall comes into contact with the battery module's terminals after cave-in, a short circuit can occur, potentially leading to a fire. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the battery pack housing will deform when the internal pressure changes, which can easily lead to short circuits in the battery module, thereby providing a battery device.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a battery device, comprising: a housing having a receiving space; a battery module disposed within the receiving space; and an elastic gas storage component having a gas storage space connected to the receiving space, wherein the elastic gas storage component can expand or contract according to the temperature within the receiving space to balance the pressure within the receiving space.

[0006] Optionally, the minimum distance between the battery module and the housing is less than the maximum concave deformation depth of the housing.

[0007] Optionally, the housing includes a bottom wall, an annular side wall, and a top wall, and a first through hole is provided on the bottom wall, annular side wall, or top wall. The elastic gas storage component includes a gas nozzle, which communicates with the first through hole.

[0008] Optionally, there are multiple shells, and the accommodating spaces of the multiple shells are all connected, with at least some shells having inflation holes.

[0009] Optionally, at least a portion of the housing is provided with a one-way vent valve, which is used to allow gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing, wherein the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve is in the range of 5 kPa to 100 kPa.

[0010] Optionally, multiple shells are stacked, and in the shells other than the topmost shell, in two adjacent shells, the bottom wall of the upper shell serves as the top wall of the lower shell, and a second through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the shell.

[0011] Optionally, a plug is provided for the second through hole on the bottom wall of the lowest housing.

[0012] Optionally, a sealing structure is provided between adjacent housings.

[0013] Optionally, the elastic gas storage component is disposed on the top wall, and the battery device also includes a cover disposed on the top wall and covering the elastic gas storage component, and the cover is provided with vent holes.

[0014] Optionally, there are multiple shells and multiple elastic gas storage components, and the gas storage space of the multiple elastic gas storage components is connected to the accommodating space of the multiple shells in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0015] Optionally, the resilient gas reservoir includes an airbag.

[0016] Optionally, the volume of the elastic gas storage component satisfies the following formula: Formula 1: V0≥(m / ρ1)-(m / ρ2); where V0 is the volume of the elastic gas storage component, m is the mass of the gas in the storage space, ρ1 is the density of the gas in the storage space of the battery device in the first environment, and ρ2 is the density of the gas in the storage space of the battery device in the second environment, wherein the temperature of the first environment is greater than the temperature of the second environment.

[0017] Optionally, a one-way vent valve is provided on the housing. The one-way vent valve is used to allow gas to flow in one direction from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing. The mass of gas in the containment space is obtained by the following formula: Formula 2: m = m1 - m2; where m is the mass of gas in the containment space, m1 is the initial mass of gas filled into the containment space, and m2 is the mass of gas discharged from the containment space through the one-way vent valve in the third environment. The temperature of the third environment is greater than the temperature of the first environment.

[0018] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] The present invention provides a battery device comprising a flexible gas storage component. The gas storage space within the flexible gas storage component is connected to the receiving space within the casing. A certain amount of gas is injected into the flexible gas storage component at the time of manufacture. When the external ambient temperature decreases, causing the temperature within the receiving space of the casing to drop and resulting in gas contraction, the gas in the gas storage space of the flexible gas storage component can be released into the receiving space, thereby compensating for the reduced gas volume within the receiving space and preventing a decrease in pressure within the casing. When the external ambient temperature rises, causing the temperature within the receiving space of the casing to rise and resulting in gas expansion, the expanded gas can enter the gas storage space of the flexible gas storage component, preventing an increase in pressure within the casing. Therefore, the above structure can automatically balance the pressure within the casing, preventing casing deformation even under changes in external ambient temperature, further improving the safety of the battery device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery device of this utility model is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery device and battery module;

[0023] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the upper front side of the battery device;

[0024] Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the upper rear side of the battery device;

[0025] Figure 5 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the assembly of the various housing layers of the battery device;

[0026] Figure 6 It shows Figure 1 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery device;

[0027] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of the upper front side of the battery device;

[0028] Figure 8 It shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of adjacent layers of the battery device;

[0029] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 10. Shell; 11. Receiving space; 12. Bottom wall; 13. Annular side wall; 14. Top wall; 16. First through hole; 17. Inflation hole; 18. One-way vent valve; 19. Second through hole; 110. Plug; 20. Battery module; 30. Elastic gas storage component; 31. Gas storage space; 32. Air nozzle; 40. Sealing structure; 50. Cover; 51. Vent hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] Battery packs are crucial components of new energy vehicles, and their safety directly impacts driving safety. Existing battery packs primarily consist of a housing and battery modules housed within it, forming a closed environment. In its production practice, the applicant has observed that among battery packs that meet all production standards, some experience partial short circuits or even fires in battery modules during actual use after leaving the factory. The applicant has analyzed the causes of these incidents, attributing them primarily to my country's vast territory and significant differences in latitude and temperature across different regions. Central China enjoys moderate temperatures, while high-latitude northern regions experience lower temperatures, and low-latitude southern regions have higher temperatures.

[0037] Therefore, when the ambient temperature of the battery pack's manufacturing location differs significantly from the vehicle's driving location, temperature changes occur within the battery pack. For example, if the battery pack is manufactured in a central region while the vehicle is driven in a northern region, the external ambient temperature will decrease, leading to a drop in the battery pack's internal temperature. This decrease in internal temperature causes the gas within the battery pack to contract, reducing pressure. Conversely, if the battery pack is manufactured in a central region while the vehicle is driven in a southern region, the external ambient temperature will increase, leading to a rise in the battery pack's internal temperature. This increase in internal temperature causes the gas within the battery pack to expand, increasing pressure.

[0038] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that when a vehicle is driven in the north or south, or in different seasons in the same region, there will be a large temperature difference in the external environment, which will also cause changes in the pressure inside the battery pack.

[0039] Furthermore, since battery pack housings are typically made of thin plates, pressure fluctuations within the housing can easily cause deformation. In particular, when the pressure decreases, the housing may partially cave inwards. If the metal wall of the housing comes into contact with the battery module's terminals, a short circuit can occur, potentially leading to a fire.

[0040] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a battery device, as detailed below:

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the battery device according to this application includes a housing 10, a battery module 20, and a resilient gas storage member 30. The housing 10 has a receiving space 11. The battery module 20 is disposed within the receiving space 11. The resilient gas storage member 30 has a gas storage space 31, which communicates with the receiving space 11.

[0042] Furthermore, the flexible gas storage component 30 can expand or contract according to the temperature within the containment space 11 to balance the pressure within the containment space 11.

[0043] Using the technical solution of this embodiment, the battery device includes an elastic gas storage component 30. The gas storage space 31 within the elastic gas storage component 30 is connected to the accommodating space within the casing 10. A certain amount of gas is injected into the elastic gas storage component 30 at the time of manufacture. When the external ambient temperature decreases, causing a drop in temperature within the accommodating space 11 of the casing 10, resulting in gas contraction, the gas in the gas storage space within the elastic gas storage component 30 can be released into the accommodating space 11, thereby compensating for the reduced gas volume within the accommodating space 11 and preventing a decrease in pressure within the casing 10. When the external ambient temperature increases, causing a rise in temperature within the accommodating space 11 of the casing 10, resulting in gas expansion, the expanded gas can enter the gas storage space 31 of the elastic gas storage component 30, preventing an increase in pressure within the casing 10. Therefore, the above structure can automatically balance the pressure within the casing 10, preventing deformation of the casing 10 even under changes in external ambient temperature, further improving the safety of the battery device.

[0044] First, it should be noted that the battery device in this application can be a battery pack for a new energy vehicle, an energy storage device, or other devices capable of storing and releasing electrical energy.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the function of the housing 10 is to house the battery module 20 and to protect it. The housing 10 has a receiving space 11 for accommodating the battery module 20.

[0046] In this embodiment, the housing 10 is rectangular in shape. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust the specific shape of the housing 10 according to actual needs.

[0047] The battery module 20 is used to store and release electrical energy. The battery module 20 includes at least one battery cell, which includes a casing and a battery cell disposed within the casing. The casing of the battery cell can be cylindrical, square, blade-shaped, etc. The battery cell is formed by stacking or winding sequentially arranged positive electrode plates, a separator, and a negative electrode plate.

[0048] Taking the battery pack of a new energy electric vehicle as an example, the battery module 20 includes multiple battery cells, which are arranged in a multi-row, multi-column array, and the multiple battery cells are bonded and bundled together to form the battery module 20.

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, the battery device also includes an elastic gas storage component 30, at least a portion of which is made of an elastic material, thus allowing the elastic gas storage component 30 to expand or contract. The elastic gas storage component 30 has a gas storage space 31, which is connected to the receiving space 11 of the housing 10, thus the interior of the elastic gas storage component 30 is connected to the interior of the housing 10.

[0050] Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the gas in the housing space 11 of the housing 10 can enter the gas storage space 31 of the elastic gas storage member 30, or the gas in the gas storage space 31 of the elastic gas storage member 30 can also enter the housing space 11 of the housing 10.

[0051] Therefore, when the external environment of the housing 10 increases, the temperature of the internal space 11 of the housing 10 will rise, causing the gas in the internal space 11 to expand. At this time, the expanded gas will enter the elastic gas storage member 30, thereby preventing the pressure inside the housing 10 from increasing and causing the housing 10 to deform outward.

[0052] Correspondingly, when the external environment of the housing 10 decreases, the temperature of the internal space 11 of the housing 10 will decrease, causing the gas in the internal space 11 to contract. At this time, the gas in the elastic gas storage component 30 will replenish the internal space 11, thereby preventing the housing 10 from deforming inward due to the decrease in pressure inside the housing 10.

[0053] Therefore, in the battery device of this embodiment, when the external environment of the housing 10 changes, the elastic gas storage component 30 can automatically compensate for the pressure inside the housing 10, so that the pressure inside the housing 10 is always kept in a stable state, preventing the housing 10 from bulging outward or concave inward.

[0054] Furthermore, the elastic gas storage component 30 in this embodiment can automatically compensate for the pressure inside the housing 10, without the need for additional pressure sensors, air pumps, or other equipment, nor the introduction of electronic control components, thus not increasing the cost or control difficulty of the battery device.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the minimum distance H1 between the battery module 20 and the housing 10 is less than the maximum concave deformation depth H2 of the housing 10.

[0056] First, it should be noted that the "minimum distance H1 between the battery module 20 and the housing 10" mentioned above refers to the minimum distance between the outer wall of the battery module 20 and the inner wall of the housing 10 on surfaces where the battery module 20 and the housing 10 do not come into contact. In other words, H1 does not include the case where the bottom surface of the battery module 20 rests on the bottom surface of the housing 10.

[0057] As described above, the housing 10 may become concave when the external temperature decreases, and under extreme temperature differences (the upper and lower limits of the normal operating temperature of the battery device), the housing 10 has a maximum concave deformation depth H2.

[0058] In conventional battery pack designs, to prevent the metal inner wall of the casing from contacting the battery module's tabs after the casing is recessed, a certain gap is usually maintained between the battery module and the inner wall of the casing. This gap must be greater than H2 to ensure the battery pack's safety performance. However, this design undoubtedly wastes space within the casing and reduces the battery pack's energy density.

[0059] In the technical solution of this application, since an elastic gas storage component 30 is added to the battery device, even if the temperature outside the casing 10 decreases, the gas inside the casing 10 can be replenished by the gas inside the elastic gas storage component 30. That is, the casing 10 does not dent when the temperature decreases, or only dents to a very small extent.

[0060] Therefore, in this embodiment, the minimum distance H1 between the battery module 20 and the housing 10 can be set to be less than the maximum concave deformation depth H2 of the housing 10. This improves the space utilization within the housing 10 of the battery device, thus increasing the energy density.

[0061] Optionally, the minimum distance H1 between the battery module 20 and the housing 10 ranges from 10mm to 25mm.

[0062] Specifically, the minimum distance H1 between the battery module 20 and the housing 10 should not be too small. If the value of H1 is too small, vibration or bumps may easily cause the housing 10 and the battery module 20 to come into contact.

[0063] For example, H1 can be selected as 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 20mm, 22mm or 25mm, etc., or any value between two values.

[0064] More preferably, the minimum distance H1 between the battery module 20 and the housing 10 is selected as 18mm.

[0065] It should be noted that the maximum concave deformation depth H2 of the shell 10 mentioned above can be obtained through conventional experiments, as illustrated below.

[0066] A certain battery device has a maximum operating temperature of 40℃ and a minimum operating temperature of -25℃. During the experiment, a battery device without an elastic gas storage component 30 was selected. First, gas was filled into the casing 10 at 40℃. Then, the battery device was transferred to an environment at -25℃. At this time, the temperature of the gas inside the casing 10 decreased rapidly, causing the pressure inside the casing 10 to decrease rapidly, resulting in indentation on the outer surface of the casing 10. The indentation depth at each indentation point was recorded. After multiple experiments, the maximum value of the multiple indentation depths was taken as the maximum indentation deformation depth H2 of the casing 10.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the housing 10 includes a bottom wall 12, an annular side wall 13, and a top wall 14. A first through hole 16 is provided on the top wall 14, and the elastic gas storage component 30 includes a gas nozzle 32, which communicates with the first through hole 16.

[0068] Specifically, the bottom wall 12, the annular side wall 13, and the top wall 14 form a cubic structure, and the elastic gas storage component 30 is placed on the top wall 14, thereby making the overall structure of the battery device more compact.

[0069] Furthermore, the air nozzle 32 can be directly inserted into the first through hole 16, or the air nozzle 32 can be connected to the first through hole 16 through a pipeline, as long as it can connect the accommodating space 11 inside the housing 10 and the air storage space 31 of the elastic air storage component 30.

[0070] In some embodiments not shown, the first through hole 16 may also be provided on the bottom wall 12 of the housing 10, or the first through hole 16 may also be provided on the annular side wall 13 of the housing 10.

[0071] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, there are multiple shells 10, and the accommodating spaces 11 of the multiple shells 10 are all connected. At least some shells 10 are provided with air holes 17.

[0072] Specifically, each housing 10 is equipped with the aforementioned battery module 20, and the accommodating spaces 11 within the multiple housings 10 are all interconnected, meaning that the multiple accommodating spaces 11 within the housings 10 have the same pressure. Simultaneously, the gas storage space 31 of the elastic gas storage component 30 is connected to one of the accommodating spaces 11 of the housings 10; that is, the accommodating spaces 11 of the multiple housings 10 are all connected to the gas storage space 31 of the elastic gas storage component 30.

[0073] During initial inflation, dry inert gas (such as nitrogen) is introduced into the housing 10 through the inflation port 17. The inert gas can effectively prevent thermal runaway of the battery module 20 and also effectively suppress the possibility of the battery module 20 catching fire.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will understand that when inert gas is introduced through the inflation port 17, the inert gas can be introduced into the receiving space 11 of each housing 10 and into the elastic gas storage member 30 through the air nozzle 32.

[0075] In this embodiment, an inflation hole 17 is provided on each housing 10. Of course, since the accommodating space 11 inside each housing 10 is connected, an inflation hole 17 can also be provided on some housings 10, or an inflation hole 17 can be provided on only one housing 10.

[0076] Optionally, in this embodiment, an air inlet 17 is provided on the annular sidewall 13 of each housing 10.

[0077] Furthermore, a plug or one-way valve can be installed at the inflation hole 17 to prevent inert gas from escaping from the inflation hole 17 after inflation.

[0078] In one embodiment not shown, there are multiple housings 10 and multiple elastic gas storage components 30. The gas storage space 31 of the multiple elastic gas storage components 30 is connected to the accommodating space 11 of the multiple housings 10 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0079] In this embodiment, multiple elastic gas storage elements 30 are further configured, and each elastic gas storage element 30 is connected to a corresponding receiving space 11 within a housing 10. The receiving spaces 11 of the multiple housings 10 can be interconnected or independent, i.e., not interconnected. When the receiving spaces 11 of the multiple housings 10 are independent, each elastic gas storage element 30 is only responsible for balancing the pressure within the receiving space 11 of its corresponding housing 10. The advantage of this configuration is that when the pressure within one housing 10 becomes abnormal (too high or too low), it does not affect the pressure within other housings 10.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, at least a portion of the multiple housings 10 are provided with a one-way vent valve 18. The one-way vent valve 18 is used to allow gas to flow in one direction from the inside of the housing 10 to the outside of the housing 10.

[0081] Furthermore, the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 is in the range of 5 kPa to 100 kPa.

[0082] Specifically, the one-way vent valve 18 has a certain opening pressure. That is, when the pressure in the containing space 11 of the housing 10 is less than this opening pressure, the one-way vent valve 18 is closed, and the gas in the containing space 11 cannot be discharged through the one-way vent valve 18. When the pressure in the containing space 11 of the housing 10 is greater than this opening pressure, the one-way vent valve 18 is opened, and the gas in the containing space 11 can be discharged through the one-way vent valve 18. The one-way vent valve 18 mainly has the following two functions.

[0083] The first function is that, before the battery pack leaves the factory, inert gas needs to be filled into the casing 10 and the elastic gas storage component 30 through the filling port 17. Before filling, air and moisture are present in the casing 10 and the elastic gas storage component 30, so these need to be expelled. During the filling process, when the pressure inside the casing 10 and the elastic gas storage component 30 exceeds the aforementioned opening pressure, the existing air and moisture inside the casing 10 and the elastic gas storage component 30 are discharged through the one-way vent valve 18 until the casing 10 and the elastic gas storage component 30 are filled with inert gas. Then the filling equipment is turned off, and when the pressure inside the casing 10 and the elastic gas storage component 30 is less than the aforementioned opening pressure, the one-way vent valve 18 is closed.

[0084] The second function, as described above, is that when the external ambient temperature of the battery device rises, the gas expanding in the internal storage space 11 of the casing 10 will enter the elastic gas storage component 30. If the external ambient temperature continues to rise, the pressure inside the casing 10 will continuously increase. When the pressure inside the casing 10 exceeds the aforementioned opening pressure, the one-way vent valve 18 will open to release pressure and prevent excessive pressure inside the casing 10, thus achieving pressure balance. When the pressure inside the casing 10 is lower than the aforementioned opening pressure after pressure release, the one-way vent valve 18 will close.

[0085] Therefore, the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 should not be too low or too high. If the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 is too low, the inert gas inside the housing 10 will easily leak. If the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 is too high, the one-way vent valve 18 will be difficult to open, which may cause the pressure inside the housing 10 to be too high.

[0086] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 is set to be greater than the pressure in the housing 10's internal space 11 and the internal space 31 of the elastic air storage component 30 after the elastic air storage component 30 is fully inflated, thereby preventing air leakage.

[0087] In this embodiment, the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 can be 5KPa, 10KPa, 25KPa, 50KPa, 60KPa, 75KPa, 80KPa or 100KPa, etc., or any value between two values.

[0088] More preferably, the opening pressure of the one-way vent valve 18 is 75 kPa.

[0089] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the one-way vent valve 18 is also disposed on the annular sidewall 13 of the housing 10, and the one-way vent valve 18 and the inflation port 17 are located on two opposite wall surfaces of the annular sidewall 13, that is, they are disposed opposite to each other. This ensures that when inflating, the inert gas can fully fill the accommodating space 11 of the housing 10.

[0090] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a one-way vent valve 18 is provided on each housing 10. However, those skilled in the art will understand that since the accommodating spaces 11 of the multiple housings 10 are interconnected, a one-way vent valve 18 may also be provided on only some of the housings 10, or only on one housing 10.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, multiple housings 10 are stacked. In the other housings 10 except the topmost housing 10, in two adjacent housings 10, the bottom wall 12 of the upper housing 10 serves as the top wall 14 of the lower housing 10, and a second through hole 19 is provided on the bottom wall 12 of the housing 10.

[0092] Specifically, in this embodiment, the multiple housings 10 are stacked vertically, making the overall battery device compact. Of course, it is also possible to implement a battery device that includes only one housing 10.

[0093] In this embodiment, among the multiple housings 10, the uppermost housing 10 has the bottom wall 12, annular sidewall 13, and top wall 14 as described above. The remaining housings 10 only include the bottom wall 12 and annular sidewall 13, and do not have a top wall 14, and are generally box-shaped with an upward opening.

[0094] Therefore, after multiple housings 10 are stacked, in two adjacent housings 10, the bottom wall 12 of the upper housing 10 also serves as the top wall 14 of the lower housing 10, thus simplifying the structure of the housings 10 and making assembly easier. The weight of at least one layer of plate is reduced between adjacent housings 10, thereby reducing the overall weight of the battery device. Simultaneously, each housing 10 has a second through hole 19 on its bottom wall 12, allowing the accommodating spaces 11 between the multiple housings 10 to communicate with each other, forming a unified environment.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the second through hole 19 on the bottom wall 12 of the lowest shell 10 is provided with a plug 110, thereby ensuring that the environment inside the multiple shells 10 is in a sealed state.

[0096] Of course, it is also a feasible implementation method to not provide a second through hole 19 on the bottom wall 12 of the lowest shell 10.

[0097] In some embodiments not shown, each housing 10 may also include a top wall 14. In this embodiment, after multiple housings 10 are stacked, the bottom walls 12 and top walls 14 of adjacent housings 10 abut against each other, and the bottom walls 12 and top walls 14 of adjacent housings 10 are provided with corresponding through holes.

[0098] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, a sealing structure 40 is provided between adjacent housings 10.

[0099] Specifically, since the containment spaces 11 between multiple shells 10 are interconnected to form a whole environment, it is necessary to ensure the airtightness of the overlapping and splicing positions of the multiple shells 10, so as to prevent inert gas from leaking from the splicing points.

[0100] from Figure 9 As can be seen, the sealing structure 40 includes a sealing ring. One of the contact surfaces of adjacent housings 10 has a protrusion, and the other has a recess. The sealing ring is sandwiched between the protrusion and the recess. The sealing ring is compressed and deformed, thereby providing a good seal to the contact surfaces of adjacent housings 10.

[0101] In this embodiment, in the contact surfaces of adjacent housings 10, the upper housing 10 has a protrusion, and the lower housing 10 has a recess. The protrusion can be provided on the lower surface of the bottom wall 12 of the upper housing 10. The lower housing 10 can have a recess on the upper edge of the annular sidewall 13. For example, if the annular sidewall 13 of the lower housing 10 has a certain thickness (e.g., a profile), the recess can be directly provided on the upper surface of the annular sidewall 13. If the thickness of the annular sidewall 13 of the lower housing 10 is thin, the upper end of the annular sidewall 13 of the lower housing 10 can be folded inward to form a flange, and the recess can be provided on the upper surface of the flange.

[0102] When multiple housings 10 are provided with top walls 14 as described above, in adjacent housings 10, the lower surface of the bottom wall 12 of the upper housing 10 is provided with a protrusion, and the upper surface of the top wall 14 of the lower housing 10 is provided with a recess.

[0103] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the elastic gas storage component 30 is disposed on the top wall 14, and the battery device also includes a cover 50, which is disposed on the top wall 14 and covers the elastic gas storage component 30. The cover 50 is provided with a vent hole 51.

[0104] Specifically, in the multiple stacked housings 10, the elastic gas storage component 30 is disposed on the top wall 14 of the uppermost housing 10. The cover 50 has a box structure with a downward opening, and the edge of the cover 50 is provided with a flange, which is connected to the top wall 14 of the housing 10. The cover 50 plays a protective role for the elastic gas storage component 30.

[0105] Furthermore, the cover 50 is provided with a vent 51, which plays a role in balancing the pressure inside and outside the cover 50, so that the outside of the elastic gas storage component 30 is a normal pressure environment, that is, the pressure inside the cover 50 is eliminated from affecting the volume of the elastic gas storage component 30, and the volume change of the elastic gas storage component 30 is only affected by the temperature change inside the shell 10.

[0106] Optionally, the vent 51 is located on the side wall of the cover 50, thereby reducing the probability of foreign objects falling from the top or rainwater dripping into the cover 50. Additionally, a filter screen can be added to the vent 51 to further reduce the probability of foreign objects entering the cover 50.

[0107] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the elastic air-storage component 30 includes an airbag. Optionally, the airbag is made of soft rubber material, giving it good elasticity.

[0108] The outer surface of the airbag can be smooth or foldable with a corrugated surface.

[0109] In addition, the flexible gas storage element 30 can also be in other forms.

[0110] For example, the top wall 14 of the housing 10 can be directly set as an elastic mold, which forms an elastic gas storage component 30. After the housing 10 is filled with inert gas, the extra space enclosed by the elastic membrane after arching up forms the gas storage space 31.

[0111] For example, the elastic gas storage component 30 may include a gas storage pipe and a piston disposed within the gas storage pipe. An elastic element within the gas storage pipe applies an elastic force to the piston. After inert gas is introduced into the housing 10, the piston moves a certain distance, and the elastic element is compressed. When the temperature inside the housing 10 decreases, the pressure in the containing space 11 decreases, and the pressure on the piston is less than the elastic force of the elastic element. The piston moves towards the housing 10, releasing the gas from the gas storage pipe into the housing 10. When the temperature inside the housing 10 increases, the pressure in the containing space 11 increases, and the pressure on the piston is greater than the elastic force of the elastic element. The piston moves away from the housing 10, and the expanded gas is stored in the gas storage pipe.

[0112] Furthermore, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the volume of the elastic gas storage component 30 satisfies the following formula:

[0113] Formula 1: V0≥m / ρ1-m / ρ2;

[0114] Wherein, V0 is the volume of the elastic gas storage component 30, m is the mass of the gas in the containment space 11, ρ1 is the density of the gas in the containment space 11 of the battery device in the first environment, and ρ2 is the density of the gas in the containment space 11 of the battery device in the second environment, wherein the temperature of the first environment is greater than the temperature of the second environment.

[0115] Where V0 is in meters (m) 3 The unit of m is kg, and the units of ρ1 and ρ2 are kg / m. 3 .

[0116] Specifically, V0 is used to calculate the minimum volume of the elastic gas storage component 30. As shown above, when the battery device moves from the first environment to the second environment, the temperature inside the casing 10 decreases, causing the density of the inert gas to increase, i.e., ρ2 will be greater than ρ1. At this time, the gas in the storage space 11 inside the casing 10 will contract, and the volume of contraction is m / ρ1 - m / ρ2. The minimum volume of the elastic gas storage component 30 should be greater than the aforementioned gas contraction volume to ensure that the gas volume inside the elastic gas storage component 30 can compensate for the reduction in gas volume inside the casing 10, thereby ensuring that the pressure inside the casing 10 does not decrease due to the temperature drop.

[0117] Furthermore, the mass of gas within the containment space 11 in Formula 1 above is obtained using the following formula:

[0118] Formula 2: m = m1 - m2;

[0119] Where m is the mass of gas in the containment space 11, m1 is the initial mass of gas filled into the containment space 11, and m2 is the mass of gas discharged from the containment space 11 through the one-way vent valve 18 in the third environment. The temperature of the third environment is greater than the temperature of the first environment.

[0120] In this context, both m1 and m2 are measured in kg.

[0121] As described above regarding the function of the one-way vent valve 18, when the battery device moves from the first environment to the third environment, the increased temperature may cause the gas in the containment space 11 to expand and partially release pressure through the one-way vent valve 18. When the battery device moves back from the third environment to the first environment, the gas contracts, resulting in a remaining gas mass less than the initial mass of gas charged into the housing 10. When the battery device moves from the first environment to the second environment, the remaining gas in the housing 10 contracts again. Therefore, this extreme case must be considered in Formula 1 above. That is, the following environmental changes of the battery device must be considered: first environment - move to third environment - move back to first environment - move to second environment.

[0122] By combining Formula 1 and Formula 2, those skilled in the art can perform the following parameter calculations:

[0123] 1. If the volume of the elastic gas storage component 30 is fixed, the initial maximum amount of inert gas to be filled can be calculated using Formula 1 and Formula 2.

[0124] 2. If the initial maximum amount of inert gas is fixed, the minimum volume of the elastic gas storage component 30 can be calculated using Formula 1 and Formula 2.

[0125] In Formulas 1 and 2 above, when the composition of the inert gas is known, the gas densities ρ1 and ρ2 at different temperatures can be obtained by looking up tables. The aforementioned m2 can be obtained through conventional experiments. For example, in the first environment, the battery device's casing 10 is filled with an inert gas of mass m1. Then, the battery device is moved to the third environment, and a flow meter is installed at the one-way vent valve 18 to measure the value of m2. Furthermore, the final value of m2 can be determined by averaging multiple experiments.

[0126] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first environment refers to a normal temperature environment, such as an environment at 25°C; the second environment refers to a low temperature environment, which is the lowest operating temperature environment that the battery device can withstand, such as an environment at -20°C; and the third environment refers to a high temperature environment, which is the highest operating temperature environment that the battery device can withstand, such as an environment at 40°C.

[0127] Furthermore, the first environment, the second environment, and the third environment can be in different geographical locations or in the same geographical location.

[0128] Furthermore, depending on the specific structure and specifications of the battery device, those skilled in the art can adapt and adjust the specific temperatures in the first, second, and third environments described above.

[0129] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: The shell (10) has a receiving space (11); A battery module (20) is disposed within the accommodating space (11); The elastic gas storage component (30) has a gas storage space (31), which is connected to the accommodating space (11). The elastic gas storage component (30) can expand or contract according to the temperature in the containment space (11) to balance the pressure in the containment space (11); The minimum distance (H1) between the battery module (20) and the housing (10) is less than the maximum concave deformation depth (H2) of the housing (10). The housing (10) includes a bottom wall (12), an annular side wall (13) and a top wall (14). A first through hole (16) is provided on the bottom wall (12), the annular side wall (13) or the top wall (14). The elastic gas storage component (30) includes a gas nozzle (32) which communicates with the first through hole (16). There are multiple housings (10), and the accommodating spaces (11) of the multiple housings (10) are all connected. At least some of the housings (10) are provided with air holes (17). At least a portion of the housing (10) is provided with a one-way vent valve (18), which is used to allow gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the housing (10) to the outside of the housing (10). The opening pressure of the one-way vent valve (18) is in the range of 5 kPa to 100 kPa.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple housings (10) are stacked. In the other housings (10) except the uppermost housing (10), in two adjacent housings (10), the bottom wall (12) of the upper housing (10) serves as the top wall (14) of the lower housing (10). A second through hole (19) is provided on the bottom wall (12) of the housing (10).

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plug (110) is provided in the second through hole (19) on the bottom wall (12) of the lowest housing (10).

4. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A sealing structure (40) is provided between adjacent housings (10).

5. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic gas storage component (30) is disposed on the top wall (14), and the battery device also includes a cover (50), which is disposed on the top wall (14) and covers the elastic gas storage component (30), and the cover (50) is provided with a vent (51).

6. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple housings (10) and multiple elastic gas storage components (30). The gas storage space (31) of the multiple elastic gas storage components (30) is connected to the accommodating space (11) of the multiple housings (10) in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic gas storage component (30) includes an airbag.

8. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume of the elastic gas storage component (30) satisfies the following formula: Formula 1: V0≥(m / ρ1)-(m / ρ2) Wherein, V0 is the volume of the elastic gas storage component (30), m is the mass of the gas in the containment space (11), ρ1 is the density of the gas in the containment space (11) of the battery device in the first environment, and ρ2 is the density of the gas in the containment space (11) of the battery device in the second environment, wherein the temperature of the first environment is greater than the temperature of the second environment.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A one-way vent valve (18) is provided on the housing (10). The one-way vent valve (18) is used to allow gas to flow unidirectionally from the inside of the housing (10) to the outside of the housing (10). The mass of gas in the accommodating space (11) is obtained by the following formula: Formula 2: m = m1 - m2; Wherein, m is the mass of gas in the containment space (11), m1 is the initial mass of gas filled into the containment space (11), m2 is the mass of gas discharged from the containment space (11) through the one-way vent valve (18) in the third environment, and the temperature of the third environment is greater than the temperature of the first environment.

Images