River course earthwork excavation depth measuring scale

Abstract

The application relates to a river channel earthwork excavation depth measuring scale, belonging to the field of river channel engineering measurement technology, which comprises a base frame body, a scale rod and a driving assembly, the scale rod vertically slides relative to the base frame body, the driving assembly is used for controlling the movement of the scale rod, further comprises a transition cylinder, the transition cylinder and the base frame body are slidably connected, the sliding direction is vertical, the driving assembly is used for applying a vertical movement propelling force to the transition cylinder, the transition cylinder is used for bearing the gravity of the scale rod, and the bottom end of the scale rod is lower than the bottom end of the transition cylinder. The river channel depth is measured through the scale rod, and the measurement accuracy is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of river engineering surveying technology, and in particular to a scale for measuring the depth of river excavation. Background Technology

[0002] River dredging is an underwater earthwork excavation project that involves clearing, widening, or deepening rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water using manual labor or machinery. It includes key stages such as underwater sediment excavation, vertical lifting of dredged sediment, horizontal transport and disposal of sediment, and different stages of construction will have different environmental impacts. The main objectives of dredging projects are: excavation of port basins and access channels; land reclamation for the construction of wharves, port areas and port-adjacent industrial zones; coastal urban land use and recreational land use; shoreline maintenance; flood control and reservoir dredging; improvement and ecological restoration of the water environment of rivers, lakes, and seas; and construction and backfilling of various underwater pipeline trenches.

[0003] After a river channel is excavated, the excavation depth can be controlled by measuring the depth of the excavation. Chinese utility model patent CN216108673U discloses a scale for controlling the excavation depth of river channels. The scale includes a fixed base, a first gear meshing with a rack, a second gear meshing with a third gear, and a square hole on a first connecting column. A motor is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed base, and the square column is inserted into the first connecting column through the square hole. By configuring the motor, square column, second gear, and scale, when measuring the excavation depth, the motor, second connecting column, first connecting column, second gear, third gear, and first gear meshing with the rack, causing a fixed plate to move downwards. As the fixed plate moves downwards, the scale moves downwards simultaneously. When the fixed plate contacts the bottom of the river channel, the excavation depth can be measured using the scale.

[0004] According to the above technical solution, the scale and the fixed plate are driven downward by the motor through the gear and rack mechanism. When the fixed plate contacts the bottom of the river, the fixed plate and the scale should stop or almost stop moving. However, since the soil at the bottom of the river after excavation is relatively soft, and the fixed plate still has a continuous power output from the motor, the fixed plate in contact with the bottom of the river will penetrate into the bottom of the river to a certain depth that cannot be ignored, thus causing the depth measurement result of the scale to be too large. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a ruler for measuring the depth of river channel excavation.

[0006] The technical solution for a river channel excavation depth measurement scale provided in this application is as follows:

[0007] A measuring scale for measuring the depth of river excavation includes a foundation frame, a measuring rod, and a drive assembly. The measuring rod slides vertically relative to the foundation frame. The drive assembly controls the movement of the measuring rod. The scale also includes a transition cylinder, which is slidably connected to the foundation frame in a vertical direction. The drive assembly applies a vertical propulsion force to the transition cylinder, which bears the weight of the measuring rod. The bottom end of the measuring rod is lower than the bottom end of the transition cylinder.

[0008] The effect is as follows: when the drive assembly controls the descent of the base frame, the gauge rod also descends due to the weight of the gauge rod supported by the transition cylinder. When the bottom of the gauge rod contacts the bottom of the river, the gauge rod gradually stops moving due to the upward supporting force from the riverbed and separates from the transition cylinder. Throughout the process, the drive assembly does not apply a downward pushing force to the gauge rod. When the descent speed of the transition cylinder is slow, the contact impact between the gauge rod and the riverbed is also weak, that is, the extent to which the gauge rod extends into the riverbed after contact is small, thereby improving the accuracy of depth measurement.

[0009] Preferably, the scale rod is located inside the transition cylinder, and a support ring platform is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner side of the transition cylinder. A support shoulder is coaxially fixedly connected to the scale rod, and the lower side of the support shoulder abuts against the upper side of the support ring platform.

[0010] Preferably, the ruler rod has multiple balancing grooves along its length, and the inner wall of the transition cylinder is provided with multiple balancing rollers. The rotation axis of the balancing rollers is perpendicular to the axis of the transition cylinder, and the wheel surface of the balancing rollers rolls and abuts against the bottom of the balancing grooves.

[0011] Preferably, an end pressure ring is coaxially provided at the top end of the transition cylinder, and a compression spring is connected between the end pressure ring and the transition cylinder. The end pressure ring is used to abut against the support shaft shoulder.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive gear, and supporting abutment wheels. The drive motor is connected to the base frame, the drive gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and a drive rack is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the transition cylinder along its length direction. The drive gear and the drive rack mesh. There are two supporting abutment wheels, both of which are rotatably arranged on the base frame. The rotation axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the drive gear. Both supporting abutment wheels abut against the outer wall of the transition cylinder, and the height of the drive gear is located between the two supporting abutment wheels.

[0013] Preferably, a buffer body is provided at the bottom end of the measuring rod, the buffer body being used to increase the contact area between the measuring rod and the riverbed.

[0014] Preferably, the buffer body includes multiple deformable units, each deformable unit including a fixed rod and a hinge plate. One end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the scale rod, and the length direction of the fixed rod is the radial direction of the scale rod. One side of the hinge plate is hinged to the fixed rod, and the hinge axis is parallel to the length direction of the fixed rod. There are two hinge plates on a single fixed rod, and the two hinge plates are located on opposite sides of the fixed rod in the horizontal direction. The hinge plates are lower than the fixed rod, and the rotation angle range of the hinge plates relative to the fixed rod is 80°.

[0015] This application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] With the introduction of the transition cylinder and buffer body, the transition cylinder supports the scale rod to descend slowly, and the buffer body directly contacts the bottom of the river. When contact occurs, the interaction force between the scale rod and the bottom of the river is weak. When the scale rod is stationary, the height consistency between its bottom and the surface of the bottom of the river is relatively high, that is, the depth indication of the scale rod is more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring scale used to illustrate the depth of river excavation in this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the lower half of the scale rod in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the rotation angle range of the hinge plate of the buffer body in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base frame; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Drive motor; 22. Drive gear; 23. Support abutment wheel; 3. Transition cylinder; 31. Drive rack; 32. Balance roller; 33. Support ring platform; 34. End pressure ring; 341. Compression spring; 4. Scale rod; 41. Support shoulder; 42. Balance groove; 43. Buffer body; 431. Deformation unit; 432. Fixing rod; 433. Hinge plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0022] This application discloses a scale for measuring the depth of riverbed excavation, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a base frame 1, a transition cylinder 3, a scale rod 4, and a drive assembly 2. The base frame 1 is mounted on the hull. Both the transition cylinder 3 and the scale rod 4 are inserted into the water and slide vertically relative to the base frame 1. The drive assembly 2 is used to apply a vertical propulsive force to the transition cylinder 3. The transition cylinder 3 is used to bear the weight of the scale rod 4. The scale rod 4 is used to measure the river depth at the location of the hull and has graduations (not shown in the figure).

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the transition cylinder 3 is cylindrical with its axis in the vertical direction. The drive assembly 2 includes a drive motor 21, a drive gear 22, and support abutment wheels 23. The drive motor 21 is fixedly connected to the base frame 1. The drive gear 22 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 21. A drive rack 31 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the transition cylinder 3 along its length. The drive gear 22 and the drive rack 31 mesh. There are two support abutment wheels 23, both of which are rotatably mounted on the base frame 1. Both support abutment wheels 23 are located on the side of the transition cylinder 3 away from the drive gear 22. The wheel surfaces of the two support abutment wheels 23 simultaneously abut against the outer wall of the transition cylinder 3. The height of the meshing point of the drive gear 22 and the drive rack 31 is between the heights of the two support abutment wheels 23. When the drive motor 21 drives, the meshing of the drive gear 22 and the drive rack 31 applies a vertical thrust to the transition cylinder 3, thereby controlling the rise or fall of the transition cylinder 3.

[0024] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the scale rod 4 is fitted inside the transition cylinder 3. Multiple balancing grooves 42 are formed along the length of the scale rod 4. A number of balancing rollers 32, matching the number of balancing grooves 42, are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the transition cylinder 3. The rotation axis of the balancing rollers 32 is perpendicular to the axis of the transition cylinder 3. In this embodiment, there are three balancing grooves 42, arranged in a circumferential array along the scale rod 4. The surface of a single balancing roller 32 rolls against the bottom of a balancing groove 42. A support ring platform 33 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner side of the transition cylinder 3, and a support shoulder 41 is coaxially fixedly connected to the scale rod 4. When the scale rod 4 is not in contact with the bottom of the riverbed, the lower side of the support shoulder 41 abuts against the upper side of the support ring platform 33, meaning the transition cylinder 3 bears the weight of the scale rod 4 through the support ring platform 33. When the transition cylinder 3 rises, the scale rod 4 also rises; conversely, as the transition cylinder 3 slowly descends, the scale rod 4 also descends.

[0025] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 3, when the bottom of the scale rod 4 contacts the bottom of the riverbed, the bottom of the riverbed exerts an upward resisting force on the scale rod 4, causing the scale rod 4 to stop moving downward. If the transition cylinder 3 continues to descend, the support shoulder 41 and the support ring platform 33 will disengage. To enable the scale rod 4 to stop quickly when it contacts the bottom of the riverbed, a buffer body 43 is provided at the bottom of the scale rod 4. The buffer body 43 is used to increase the contact area between the bottom of the scale rod 4 and the bottom of the riverbed, thereby reducing the pressure between them. The buffer body 43 includes multiple deformable units 431. Each deformable unit 431 includes a fixed rod 432 and a hinge plate 433. One end of the fixed rod 432 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the scale rod 4. The length direction of the fixed rod 432 is radial to the scale rod 4. In this embodiment, the number of deformable units 431 is six. One side of the hinge plate 433 is hinged to the fixed rod 432. The hinge axis is parallel to the length direction of the fixed rod 432. There are two hinge plates 433 on a single fixed rod 432. The two hinge plates 433 are located on opposite sides of the fixed rod 432 in the horizontal direction, and the two hinge plates 433 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the fixed rod 432. The hinge plates 433 are lower than the fixed rod 432. The rotation angle range of the hinge plates 433 relative to the fixed rod 432 is 80°. When the hinge plate 433 flips to the position where its center of gravity is highest, its plate surface is parallel to the horizontal plane. When the hinge plate 433 flips to the position where its center of gravity is lowest, its plate surface forms an 80° angle with the horizontal plane. During the process of the scale rod 4 descending until it contacts the bottom of the river, the resistance of the water to the hinge plates 433 keeps the hinge plates 433 in a horizontal state and in contact with the bottom of the river, thus the contact area between the buffer body 43 and the bottom of the river is large. When the scale rod 4 is raised, the buffer body 43 moves upward, and the resistance of the water to the hinge plate 433 causes the hinge plate 433 to flip to a lower position. The resistance experienced by the scale rod 4 is smaller, and the rising process is smoother.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, an end pressure ring 34 is coaxially disposed at the top of the transition cylinder 3, and a compression spring 341 is connected between the end pressure ring 34 and the transition cylinder 3; the compression spring 341 is located on the side of the end pressure ring 34 away from the support shoulder 41. The end pressure ring 34 and the support ring platform 33 limit the range of motion of the support shoulder 41, and the compression spring 341 can play a buffering role when the end pressure ring 34 and the support shoulder 41 abut.

[0027] During the implementation, the drive component 2 controls the transition cylinder 3 to descend slowly at a speed of less than 0.6 m / s. When the support shoulder 41 and the support ring platform 33 separate, the river depth at this point is determined and recorded by the position of the scale rod 4 relative to the foundation frame 1. For easy observation, an observation window made of quartz glass (not shown in the figure) can be set on the side wall of the transition cylinder 3. After the measurement is completed, the scale rod 4 is lifted through the transition cylinder 3, the measurement position is changed, and the above steps are repeated for measurement.

[0028] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A measuring scale for measuring the depth of river excavation, comprising a foundation frame (1), a measuring rod (4) and a drive assembly (2), wherein the measuring rod (4) slides vertically relative to the foundation frame (1), and the drive assembly (2) is used to control the movement of the measuring rod (4); Its features are: It also includes a transition cylinder (3), which is slidably connected to the base frame (1) in a vertical direction. The driving component (2) is used to apply a vertical moving propulsion force to the transition cylinder (3). The transition cylinder (3) is used to bear the weight of the ruler rod (4), and the bottom end of the ruler rod (4) is lower than the bottom end of the transition cylinder (3).

2. The river channel earthwork excavation depth measuring scale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scale rod (4) is located inside the transition cylinder (3). A support ring platform (33) is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner side of the transition cylinder (3). A support shoulder (41) is coaxially fixedly connected to the scale rod (4). The lower side of the support shoulder (41) and the upper side of the support ring platform (33) abut against each other.

3. A river channel excavation depth measuring scale according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ruler rod (4) has multiple balance grooves (42) along its length. The inner wall of the transition cylinder (3) is provided with multiple balance rollers (32). The rotation axis of the balance rollers (32) is perpendicular to the axis of the transition cylinder (3). The wheel surface of the balance rollers (32) and the bottom of the balance grooves (42) roll and abut against each other.

4. A river channel excavation depth measuring scale according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the transition cylinder (3) is coaxially provided with an end pressure ring (34), and a compression spring (341) is connected between the end pressure ring (34) and the transition cylinder (3). The end pressure ring (34) is used to abut against the support shoulder (41).

5. A river channel excavation depth measuring scale according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The drive assembly (2) includes a drive motor (21), a drive gear (22), and a support abutment wheel (23). The drive motor (21) is connected to the base frame (1). The drive gear (22) is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (21). A drive rack (31) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the transition cylinder (3) along its own length direction. The drive gear (22) and the drive rack (31) mesh. There are two support abutment wheels (23), both of which are rotatably arranged on the base frame (1). The rotation axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the drive gear (22). Both support abutment wheels (23) abut against the outer wall of the transition cylinder (3). The height of the drive gear (22) is located between the two support abutment wheels (23).

6. A river channel excavation depth measuring scale according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the measuring rod (4) is provided with a buffer body (43), which is used to increase the contact area between the measuring rod (4) and the riverbed.

7. A river channel excavation depth measuring scale according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer body (43) includes multiple deformable units (431). Each deformable unit (431) includes a fixed rod (432) and a hinge plate (433). One end of the fixed rod (432) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the scale rod (4). The length direction of the fixed rod (432) is the radial direction of the scale rod (4). One side of the hinge plate (433) is hinged to the fixed rod (432). The hinge axis is parallel to the length direction of the fixed rod (432). There are two hinge plates (433) on a single fixed rod (432). The two hinge plates (433) are located on opposite sides of the fixed rod (432) in the horizontal direction. The hinge plates (433) are lower than the fixed rod (432), and the rotation angle range of the hinge plates (433) relative to the fixed rod (432) is 80°.

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