Battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery module and battery pack, wherein the battery module comprises: a shell, a battery assembly and a pressure balance adjusting structure, the shell comprises a main load bearing corrosion -resistant layer, an insulating buffer layer and an inner protective layer which are sequentially stacked from outside to inside, and the shell is formed with an accommodating cavity with an opening; the battery assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity; and the pressure balance adjusting structure is sealingly installed at the opening of the shell. In this way, the pressure resistance of the shell can be improved, the battery can be suitable for the high-pressure and high-corrosion environment of the deep sea, and the lightweight design of the battery can be realized. In addition, through the shell with the multilayer composite structure and the pressure balance adjusting structure, the internal pressure of the battery can be maintained stable, the risk of structural deformation or sealing failure of the shell can be avoided, and the reliability and service life of the battery module can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module and battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demand for high-performance energy systems has been increasing in fields such as deep-sea exploration and marine resource development. Due to the high pressure and corrosiveness of the deep-sea environment, traditional energy devices face severe challenges during long-term operation. To make power supplies suitable for the high-pressure environment of the deep sea, two technical approaches are typically adopted. The first is to thicken the metal casing of the battery to resist external water pressure; however, this method significantly increases the weight of the equipment, leading to a decrease in the battery's energy density. The second approach is to equip the battery with a pressure balancing device to reduce the load on the casing; however, this type of casing is usually not pressure-resistant and lacks sufficient mechanical strength. Long-term use still results in structural deformation or cracking of the casing, leading to problems such as casing seal failure and insulating oil leakage, affecting battery reliability and lifespan. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a battery module and battery pack, thereby improving the pressure resistance of the battery casing and realizing the lightweight design of the battery module.

[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A battery module includes: a housing, a battery assembly, and a pressure balancing structure. The housing includes a main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer, an insulating buffer layer, and an inner protective layer stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside. The housing forms a receiving cavity with an opening. The battery assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity. The pressure balancing structure is sealed and installed at the opening of the housing.

[0006] In one embodiment, the main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer is a titanium alloy layer.

[0007] In one embodiment, the insulating buffer layer is a polymer insulating buffer layer.

[0008] In one embodiment, the inner protective layer is an aluminum alloy layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the pressure balance adjustment structure includes an elastic pressure balance cover, a pressure cover, and a protective baffle. The elastic pressure balance cover is provided with an elastic protrusion, the pressure cover is arranged around the elastic protrusion, and the protective baffle is installed on the pressure cover and is located above the elastic pressure balance cover.

[0010] In one embodiment, the pressure balance adjustment structure further includes an air valve, and the elastic pressure balance cover has a mounting hole, in which the air valve is installed.

[0011] In one embodiment, the pressure balance adjustment structure further includes a sealing screw connection, which passes through the elastic pressure balance cover and the pressure cover respectively, and is connected and fixed to the housing.

[0012] In one embodiment, the sealing screw includes a sealing ring, a limiting screw, and a waterproof sealant layer. The sealing ring is fitted onto the limiting screw, which passes through the pressure cap. The sealing ring is located between the head of the limiting screw and the pressure cap. The waterproof sealant layer covers the exposed area of ​​the limiting screw.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery assembly includes a cell group, a first end plate, a second end plate, and a limiting baffle, wherein the first end plate, the second end plate, and the limiting baffle form a limiting cavity, and the cell group is located within the limiting cavity.

[0014] A battery pack, characterized in that it includes the battery module described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0016] This utility model's battery module employs a multi-layered composite structure for its casing, comprising a main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer, an insulating buffer layer, and an inner protective layer. The main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer resists external high-pressure environments while providing corrosion resistance. The insulating buffer layer offers insulation and mechanical cushioning, and the inner protective layer secures and protects the internal components. This not only enhances the casing's pressure resistance, making the battery suitable for the high-pressure, highly corrosive environments of the deep sea, but also enables a lightweight design. Furthermore, the multi-layered composite casing, combined with a pressure balancing and regulating structure, maintains stable internal battery pressure and prevents risks such as structural deformation or seal failure, thereby improving the battery module's reliability and lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module and battery pack in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A simplified diagram showing the stacking of the battery module housings;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pressure balance adjustment structure of the battery module in the diagram;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pressure balance adjustment structure in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the battery module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of this utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-5 As shown, a battery module 10 includes: a housing 100, a battery assembly 200, and a pressure balancing adjustment structure 300. The housing 100 includes a main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer 110, an insulating buffer layer 120, and an inner protective layer 130 stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside. The housing 100 forms a receiving cavity with an opening. The battery assembly 200 is disposed in the receiving cavity. The pressure balancing adjustment structure 300 is sealed and installed at the opening of the housing 100.

[0025] It should be noted that by configuring the casing 100 as a multi-layered composite structure consisting of a main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer 110, an insulating buffer layer 120, and an inner protective layer 130, the main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer 110 can resist external high-pressure environments while achieving corrosion resistance. The insulating buffer layer 120 provides insulation and mechanical buffering, and the inner protective layer 130 secures and protects the internal components of the casing. This not only improves the pressure resistance of the casing 100, making the battery suitable for the high-pressure and highly corrosive environment of the deep sea, but also enables a lightweight battery design. Furthermore, the multi-layered composite structure of the casing 100, combined with the pressure balance adjustment structure 300, not only maintains stable internal battery pressure but also prevents risks such as structural deformation or sealing failure of the casing 100, thereby improving the reliability and lifespan of the battery module.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer 110 is a titanium alloy layer. Titanium alloy has high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Using titanium alloy as the outer structure of the shell 100 ensures that the shell 100 can adapt to the high pressure and high corrosion environment of the deep sea, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the shell 100. Furthermore, the insulating buffer layer 120 is a polymer insulating buffer layer 120. For example, it can be made of polymer materials such as polyetheretherketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyimide. By setting the polymer insulating buffer layer 120 in the middle of the shell 100, it can buffer external impacts. To improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the housing 100, and compared to a housing 100 using only a metal structure, the weight of the housing 100 can be further reduced, achieving a lightweight design. Furthermore, the inner protective layer 130 is an aluminum alloy layer. Aluminum alloy has the advantage of being lightweight, thus further achieving a lightweight design of the housing 100 and ensuring the overall structural strength of the housing 100. This ensures that the sidewalls of the housing cavity have sufficient strength to fix and protect the battery assembly within the cavity. In addition, aluminum alloy has good thermal conductivity, thus contributing to heat dissipation of the battery assembly 200 to a certain extent. For example, the housing 100 can be formed by hot pressing composite molding, that is, first stacking and assembling the three-layer structure, then forming the required housing 100 structure through hot pressing, and finally cooling and demolding. Other molding methods can also be used, which are not limited here.

[0027] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the pressure balance adjustment structure 300 includes an elastic pressure balance cover 310, a pressure cover 320, and a protective baffle 330. The elastic pressure balance cover 310 is provided with an elastic protrusion 311, the pressure cover 320 is arranged around the elastic protrusion, and the protective baffle 330 is installed on the pressure cover 320 and is located above the elastic pressure balance cover 310.

[0028] It should be noted that the cavity is filled with inert oil, and the elastic pressure balance cover 310 is the core component for pressure regulation. That is, the elastic pressure balance cover 310 is used to regulate the balance between the oil pressure inside the battery module and the external water pressure. Utilizing the compressibility and elasticity of the elastic pressure balance cover 310, it can deform when subjected to external water pressure. The core component is the elastic protrusion 311. In this way, under a certain pressure, the volume of the inert oil in the cavity will be compressed and generate reverse pressure to replenish the pressure, so as to achieve internal and external pressure balance. This can maintain the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the battery within a safe range and improve the pressure resistance of the battery pack.

[0029] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, the elastic pressure balance cover 310 is made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and is pressed tightly by the pressure cap 320. For example, in this embodiment, the pressure balance adjustment structure 300 also includes a sealing screw connector 340, which passes through the elastic pressure balance cover 310 and the pressure cap 320 respectively, forming a connection and fixation with the housing 100. That is, the elastic pressure balance cover 310 is clamped between the pressure cap 320 and the housing 100 by the sealing screw connector 340. By utilizing the compressibility of the elastic pressure balance cover 310, a surface seal is achieved, thereby improving the sealing performance of the battery. The function of the protective baffle 330 is to prevent the elastic pressure balance cover 310 from being damaged by impacts from external foreign objects. In this embodiment, the protective baffle 330 has multiple clearance holes 331, which allow liquid to pass through, thereby ensuring that pressure adjustment is not obstructed; at the same time, the clearance holes 331 adopt an array distribution design.

[0030] Please see Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the sealing screw 340 includes a sealing ring 341, a limiting screw 342, and a waterproof sealant layer. The sealing ring 341 is sleeved on the limiting screw 342, the limiting screw 342 passes through the pressure cap 320, and the sealing ring 341 is located between the head of the limiting screw 342 and the pressure cap 320. The waterproof sealant layer covers the exposed area of ​​the limiting screw 342.

[0031] It should be noted that the sealing screw 340 provides both mechanical fixing and waterproof sealing functions. Specifically, the limiting screw 342 locks the elastic pressure balance cover 310, the pressure cover 320 and the housing 100 together. A sealing ring 341 is set between the head of the limiting screw 342 and the pressure cover 320 to form the first sealing barrier and ensure the sealing effect. At the same time, a waterproof sealant layer is added to the exposed area of ​​the limiting screw 342. The waterproof sealant layer fills the gap between the limiting screw 342 and other components, thereby further preventing seawater penetration and improving waterproof performance.

[0032] In one embodiment, the pressure balance adjustment structure 300 further includes an air valve 350. An installation hole is provided on the elastic pressure balance cover 310, and the air valve 350 is installed in the installation hole. By providing the installation hole, the air valve 350 connects the receiving cavity to the outside of the housing 100. The housing 100 also has an oil inlet. When inert oil needs to be poured into the receiving cavity, the air valve 350 is opened, forming a bidirectional flow channel between the air valve 350 and the oil inlet, thereby increasing the oil filling speed. Simultaneously, the air valve 350 can also detect whether the oil is full; that is, when oil overflows from the air valve 350, the oil filling can be visually determined to be complete. For example, the air valve 350 consists of an air valve connector 351, a gasket 352, a nut 353, a sealing ring, and a plug 354. When the air valve 350 needs to be opened, the plug 354 can be removed.

[0033] Please see Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the battery assembly 200 includes a cell assembly 210, a first end plate 220, a second end plate 230, and a limiting baffle 240. The first end plate 220, the second end plate 230, and the limiting baffle 240 form a limiting cavity, and the cell assembly 210 is located within the limiting cavity.

[0034] It should be noted that the cell assembly 210 is composed of multiple individual cells, which are ternary soft-pack cells. The individual cells are electrically connected through a busbar. At the same time, in order to prevent the stacked individual cells from shifting and affecting the electrical connection, the battery assembly is limited by a limiting cavity formed by the first end plate 220, the second end plate 230, and the limiting baffle 240, thereby constraining the position of the individual cells. Furthermore, the first end plate 220 and the second end plate 230 are located at the tab end of the cell assembly 210. Both the first end plate 220 and the second end plate 230 are provided with edge sealing limiting protrusions 221, which limit the edge sealing of the individual cell. At the same time, both the first end plate 220 and the second end plate 230 are provided with tab clearance holes, through which the tab of the individual cell passes to connect with the busbar. In this way, by setting the edge sealing limiting protrusions and the tab clearance holes, the positional displacement problems such as the tab being squeezed and folded can be avoided, ensuring the electrical connection between the individual cells. The limiting baffle 240 has a "U" shaped structure and covers the non-tab side of the cell assembly 210. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the stability of the battery assembly, mounting protrusions are provided inside the housing 100. Correspondingly, connecting blocks are provided on the first end plate 220 and the second end plate 230, respectively. The mounting protrusions and connecting blocks are connected by threaded connectors, thereby locking and fixing the first end plate 220 and the second end plate 230, thus ensuring the stability of the battery assembly 200 and avoiding the problem of positional displacement of the battery assembly 200.

[0035] In one embodiment, the battery assembly 200 further includes multiple buffer plates, each buffer plate being disposed on the top of the cell assembly 210, the bottom of the cell assembly 210, and the non-tab side of the cell assembly 210. The buffer plates provide mechanical shock protection.

[0036] A battery pack includes the aforementioned battery modules 10, meaning that multiple battery modules 10 can be connected in series and / or parallel via cables to form a battery pack. This allows for better adaptation to the power requirements of different devices, eliminating the need to redesign individual cell structures and improving the flexibility of modular battery design.

[0037] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: The housing includes a main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer, an insulating buffer layer, and an inner protective layer stacked sequentially from the outside to the inside, and the housing forms an accommodating cavity with an opening; A battery assembly, wherein the battery assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity; and A pressure balancing adjustment structure is sealed and installed at the opening of the housing.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main load-bearing corrosion-resistant layer is a titanium alloy layer.

3. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating buffer layer is a polymer insulating buffer layer.

4. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner protective layer is an aluminum alloy layer.

5. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The pressure balance adjustment structure includes an elastic pressure balance cover, a pressure cover, and a protective baffle. The elastic pressure balance cover is provided with an elastic protrusion, the pressure cover is arranged around the elastic protrusion, and the protective baffle is installed on the pressure cover and is located above the elastic pressure balance cover.

6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure balance adjustment structure also includes an air valve, and the elastic pressure balance cover has an installation hole, in which the air valve is installed.

7. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure balance adjustment structure also includes a sealing screw connection, which passes through the elastic pressure balance cover and the pressure cover respectively, and is connected and fixed to the housing.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing screw includes a sealing ring, a limiting screw, and a waterproof sealant layer. The sealing ring is fitted onto the limiting screw, which passes through the pressure cap. The sealing ring is located between the head of the limiting screw and the pressure cap. The waterproof sealant layer covers the exposed area of ​​the limiting screw.

9. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The battery assembly includes a cell group, a first end plate, a second end plate, and a limiting baffle. The first end plate, the second end plate, and the limiting baffle form a limiting cavity, and the cell group is located within the limiting cavity.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery module described in any one of claims 1-9.

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