A new single-wire communication device based on high-frequency chip
By designing a high-frequency RFID chip and a resonant circuit, the problem of single-line communication under space-constrained conditions was solved, achieving low-cost and efficient energy and data transmission, which is suitable for scenarios such as e-cigarettes.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI FEIJU MICROELECTRONICS
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In space-constrained and cost-sensitive applications, existing technologies cannot achieve contactless communication and cannot effectively perform single-line communication of energy and data.
Using a high-frequency RFID chip, the transmitter and receiver are connected by the same wire. The radio frequency carrier signal is transmitted using a resonant circuit, and the AC signal is converted into DC power supply through a bridge rectifier circuit, which reduces the number of connection points and improves communication stability and energy utilization efficiency.
It enables low-cost energy and data communication under space-constrained conditions, improves device battery life and communication reliability, and is suitable for scenarios such as e-cigarettes.
Smart Images
Figure CN224305766U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic information communication technology, and in particular to a novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip. Background Technology
[0002] In various industries, communication methods are limited by product structure, space, and cost, thus minimizing the number of connection lines between communicating parties. Currently, the commonly used I2C interface uses four wires: power, ground, SCL, and SDA. A small number of applications modulate data communication onto the power line, using only the power supply and two wires to simultaneously power the receiver and complete communication. Another method is communication that uses radio frequency antenna coupling to transmit energy and data, namely the completely contactless communication method of high-frequency RFID (NFC).
[0003] However, in some applications, space constraints prevent the placement of reader and tag antennas for contactless communication. Furthermore, due to space and cost limitations, it's not feasible to add more than two contact points for the connection wire. Therefore, it's required to use only a single wire to simultaneously complete the energy and data communication process, and there is no ground connection between the communicating parties.
[0004] This method utilizes a high-frequency RFID (NFC) chip to simultaneously power the receiver and facilitate data exchange using only a single wire (or contact). This technology can be applied in any space- and cost-constrained environment, such as the e-cigarette industry, enabling communication between the device and the cartridge without adding new contacts. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip to solve the problems of existing devices being unable to place reader antennas and tag antennas for non-contact communication when space is limited, being unable to perform efficient communication processes, and having high costs.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip, characterized in that it comprises:
[0008] Launching party;
[0009] Recipient;
[0010] The transmitter and receiver are connected via the same wire;
[0011] The transmitter and receiver are not connected to the ground wire;
[0012] The transmitter transmits radio frequency carrier signals through wires, and the receiver receives radio frequency carrier signals through wires.
[0013] The receiver circuit structure is a resonant circuit consisting of an inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel or in series.
[0014] Preferably, the connection between the wire and the transmitter and receiver is set as a single contact, and the frequency of the radio frequency carrier signal emitted by the transmitter includes, but is not limited to, a high-frequency RFID (NFC) frequency of 13.56MHz or a low-frequency communication carrier frequency of 125KHz.
[0015] Preferably, the resonant circuit resonates at 13.56MHz.
[0016] Preferably, the wire is connected to the receiver's resonant circuit, and the wire is also connected to an NFC chip, which is connected in parallel across the capacitor and inductor.
[0017] Preferably, the NFC chip of the receiver contains a bridge rectifier current.
[0018] Preferably, the transmitting wire is connected to one end of the receiving resonant circuit, and the receiving resonant circuit resonates.
[0019] Preferably, the NFC chip has an AC voltage signal generated by a resonant circuit at both ends.
[0020] Preferably, the radio frequency chip contains a full-bridge rectifier to rectify the AC signal into DC to power the internal circuitry.
[0021] Preferably, the inductor is an inductor with a Q value greater than 100, or an inductor in the form of a coil or a magnetic core.
[0022] Preferably, the other end of the resonant circuit may not be grounded, or it may be virtually grounded by a coupling capacitor.
[0023] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:
[0024] This invention provides a novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip. When the NFC chip's transmitter approaches the receiver, the transmitter's coil generates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the receiver's coil generates an induced electromotive force in this alternating magnetic field, thus producing an induced current and enabling power transmission, thereby improving the device's battery life. In practical applications such as electronic cigarettes, the transmitter is placed inside the device, and the receiver is placed inside the cartridge. The device can then communicate with the cartridge to send data such as cartridge type, battery level, operating mode, and authentication information. Conversely, the device can also feed back its status information to the cartridge, allowing it to adjust its output power based on the information sent by the cartridge to adapt to different cartridges. This achieves communication even under space constraints at a low cost. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the transmitter and receiver in the novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to this utility model.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal circuitry of the receiver in the novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to this utility model.
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the receiver grounding line in the novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0029] Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can apply this utility model to other similar scenarios without any creative effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this utility model, any changes to the design, manufacturing, or production methods based on the disclosed technical content are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of this utility model.
[0030] In this utility model, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this utility model. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this utility model may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
[0031] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "a," "an," "a kind," "the," and similar words used in this utility model do not indicate quantity limitation and may indicate singular or plural. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof used in this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may also include steps or units not listed, or may include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. The terms "connected," "linked," "coupled," and similar words used in this utility model are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "A plurality" used in this utility model refers to two or more. The "and / or" operator describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this utility model are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects.
[0032] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 3 A novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip, comprising:
[0033] Launching party;
[0034] Recipient;
[0035] The transmitter and receiver are connected via the same wire;
[0036] The transmitter and receiver are not connected to the ground wire;
[0037] The transmitter transmits radio frequency carrier signals through wires, and the receiver receives radio frequency carrier signals through wires.
[0038] The receiver circuit structure is a resonant circuit consisting of an inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel or in series.
[0039] The resonant circuit formed by the inductor and capacitor in the receiver has a specific resonant frequency. The circuit resonates when the frequency of the received RF carrier signal matches the inherent resonant frequency of the circuit. In series resonance, the circuit impedance is at its minimum and the current is at its maximum; in parallel resonance, the circuit impedance is at its maximum and the voltage is at its maximum. In this way, the resonant circuit can select the RF carrier signal with the same resonant frequency from various received frequency signals, achieving effective reception of a specific signal. Using the same conductor for both transmission and reception reduces the cost of the circuit and improves the system's integration and reliability.
[0040] The connection between the wire and the transmitter and receiver is set to a single contact. The frequency of the radio frequency carrier signal emitted by the transmitter includes, but is not limited to, a high-frequency RFID (NFC) frequency of 13.56MHz or a low-frequency communication carrier frequency of 125KHz.
[0041] Using a single contact point to achieve electrical connection between the transmitter and receiver and the transmission line simplifies the connection structure, reduces the number of connection points, and reduces problems such as poor contact and signal reflection that may be caused by multiple connection points. It also helps to achieve miniaturization and compact design.
[0042] The resonant circuit resonates at 13.56MHz.
[0043] 13.56MHz is a commonly used frequency for technologies such as high-frequency RFID and NFC, which allows for standardized communication between the transmitter and receiver, ensuring communication stability and compatibility. At the same time, the effective range of the signal at this frequency is usually around 1.5 meters. Taking e-cigarettes as an example, 1.5 meters can ensure communication between the cartridge and the device while avoiding unnecessary interference with other devices caused by excessive signal range.
[0044] The wire is connected to the receiver's resonant circuit, and the wire is also connected to an NFC chip, which is connected in parallel across the capacitor and inductor.
[0045] When a resonant circuit resonates, it enhances the current or voltage in the circuit. At resonance, the NFC chip can acquire a higher voltage signal, thereby increasing the strength of the received signal and improving the stability and reliability of the data. At the same time, the presence of the NFC chip can reduce additional circuit components, thus reducing the cost for the receiver.
[0046] The receiver's NFC chip contains bridge rectifier current.
[0047] A bridge rectifier circuit can convert the input AC signal into a DC signal, ensuring that the chip can operate in a stable power supply environment, reducing signal fluctuations and interference, thereby ensuring that the NFC chip can reliably process data.
[0048] The transmitter's wire is connected to one end of the receiver's resonant circuit, causing the receiver's resonant circuit to resonate.
[0049] During resonance, the current or voltage in the circuit increases significantly, meaning the receiver can receive a stronger signal, thus improving reception sensitivity. Resonance amplifies the received signal, facilitating NFC chip reception. Furthermore, the resonant circuit only strongly responds to signals at its own resonant frequency, while strongly suppressing signals of other frequencies. This means the receiver can accurately select the signal emitted by the transmitter from a complex electromagnetic environment, eliminating the influence of other interference signals and improving the anti-interference capability of communication. Through resonance, the receiver can absorb and utilize this energy more efficiently. For example, in e-cigarette systems, resonance helps reduce energy loss, improves the overall system's energy utilization efficiency, and extends the lifespan of e-cigarette batteries.
[0050] An AC voltage signal is generated by a resonant circuit at both ends of the NFC chip.
[0051] In an NFC system, when the reader emits a radio frequency signal, the resonant circuit in the tag resonates, generating an AC voltage across the chip. This voltage is then rectified and regulated by the chip's internal circuitry to convert it into a DC voltage, powering the chip's internal circuitry, such as the microprocessor and memory units, enabling the chip to function properly and perform data reading and writing operations. Because the resonant circuit has frequency selectivity, only signals with the same resonant frequency can generate a significant response in the circuit, while interference signals at other frequencies are suppressed. Therefore, the AC voltage signal across the NFC chip has high purity and stability, effectively improving signal quality, enhancing the system's anti-interference capability, ensuring the NFC chip can accurately receive and process signals even in complex electromagnetic environments, and reducing data transmission errors and bit error rates.
[0052] The RF chip contains a full-bridge rectifier that converts AC signals into DC to power the internal circuitry.
[0053] A full-bridge rectifier converts the AC voltage signal from the resonant circuit into a DC voltage, providing the components with a power supply that meets their operating requirements and ensuring the chip can operate various functions stably and reliably. The DC voltage output by a full-bridge rectifier has a higher average value and less fluctuation, providing a more stable power supply to the chip's internal circuitry. This reduces circuit noise and malfunctions caused by power fluctuations, improving the chip's stability and reliability. Simultaneously, the full-bridge rectifier circuit can more fully utilize the energy of the input signal during the AC-to-DC conversion process, improving power conversion efficiency. This means the chip can more effectively utilize externally sourced energy, reducing energy loss and helping to extend the battery life of devices using NFC technology, such as e-cigarettes.
[0054] The inductor is an inductor with a Q value greater than 100, or an inductor in the form of a coil or a magnetic core.
[0055] Inductors with a Q value greater than 100 exhibit lower energy loss, enabling them to store and release energy more efficiently and reducing energy loss due to factors such as resistance. Q-value inductors also provide better frequency selectivity in resonant circuits. In NFC communication, this allows the resonant circuit to more accurately select signals at specific frequencies and suppress interference signals at other frequencies. Core-type inductors, due to the presence of the magnetic core, can be smaller than ordinary coil inductors for the same inductance value, facilitating the miniaturization of NFC devices. Coil-type inductors are a common inductor shape, increasing the applicability of this single-wire communication method.
[0056] The other end of the resonant circuit can be ungrounded or grounded by the coupling capacitor.
[0057] By grounding, a stable zero-potential reference point can be provided for the resonant circuit, allowing the potential of each point in the circuit to be accurately defined and controlled relative to the ground potential. This helps ensure the normal transmission and processing of signals in the circuit and avoids signal distortion and interference problems caused by potential instability. At the same time, grounding creates an equipotential distribution, which can guide interference current to the ground and prevent interference signals from propagating and coupling in the circuit.
[0058] By using a coupling capacitor for virtual grounding, when the transmitter sends an RF carrier signal through a wire during operation, an induced electromotive force is generated in the inductor according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, thus forming an alternating current in the resonant circuit. Due to the characteristics of the resonant circuit, the current in the circuit reaches its maximum value at the resonant frequency, thereby generating a large AC voltage signal across the capacitor. The frequency of this AC voltage signal is the same as the frequency of the external RF signal, and its amplitude is related to the strength of the external signal and the parameters of the resonant circuit.
[0059] The generated AC voltage signal is processed by a full-bridge rectifier circuit, which can convert the alternating positive and negative AC signals into a single-direction DC signal, providing a stable DC power supply for the microprocessor, storage unit, logic circuit, etc. inside the NFC chip.
[0060] When an NFC chip needs to send data, it modulates the characteristics of the resonant circuit by changing the load of the resonant circuit or by other means, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the radio frequency signal radiated outward.
[0061] The signal transmitted by the transmitter is modulated on the carrier wave. The receiver demodulates and decodes the modulated signal on the received carrier wave and modulates the returned signal onto the carrier wave as well. The transmitter receives the returned modulated signal, demodulates it, and completes bidirectional communication.
[0062] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc., are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.
[0063] Secondly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.
[0064] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip, characterized in that, include: Launching party; Recipient; The transmitter and receiver are connected via the same wire; The transmitter and receiver are not connected to the ground wire; The transmitter transmits radio frequency carrier signals through wires, and the receiver receives radio frequency carrier signals through wires. The receiver circuit structure is a resonant circuit consisting of an inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel or in series.
2. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the conductor and the transmitter and receiver is set as a single contact. The frequency of the radio frequency carrier signal emitted by the transmitter includes a high-frequency RFID of 13.56MHz or a low-frequency communication carrier frequency of 125KHz.
3. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant circuit resonates at 13.56MHz.
4. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wire is connected to the receiver's resonant circuit, and the wire is also connected to an NFC chip, which is connected in parallel across the capacitor and inductor.
5. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 4, characterized in that, The receiver's NFC chip contains a bridge rectifier current.
6. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitting wire is connected to one end of the receiving resonant circuit, and the receiving resonant circuit resonates.
7. A novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The NFC chip has an AC voltage signal generated by a resonant circuit at both ends.
8. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 7, characterized in that, The NFC chip contains a full-bridge rectifier that converts AC signals into DC to power the internal circuitry.
9. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inductor is an inductor with a Q value greater than 100, or an inductor in the form of a coil or a magnetic core.
10. The novel single-wire communication device based on a high-frequency chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the resonant circuit may be ungrounded or virtually grounded by a coupling capacitor.