Simple chuck structure for machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simple and easy chuck structure for machining, including chuck, sleeve and clamp, wherein, the pressing surface combination of each claw unit forms the second inclined wedge top of conical, and the first inclined wedge top and the second inclined wedge top are matched, and the inside of claw unit is shaped with the clamping part, and each clamping part surrounds the clamping position, when assembling, the movable insertion of clamp is in the barrel cavity of sleeve, and the key connection between clamp and barrel cavity, and the locking screw hole of screw rod part is connected with the chuck of screw, and the first inclined wedge top and the second inclined wedge top movable top cooperation, to realize each clamping part to the clamping cooperation of center direction. Through the inclined plane wedge and the key connection structure design, guarantee high-precision clamping while, the operation efficiency, stability and applicability are improved significantly, can effectively solve the technical problem of grinder chuck clamping eccentricity, low efficiency in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining equipment technology, and in particular to a simple chuck structure for machining. Background Technology

[0002] When performing batch grinding of a single product, the workpiece needs to be clamped in the chuck of the grinding machine spindle before grinding. For example, patent number "CN202322141539.6" and patent name "A slanted surface fixture for grinding" includes a grinding machine chuck, a sleeve mounted on the grinding machine chuck, a fixture fitted inside the sleeve, and a screw that fixes the fixture inside the sleeve. The sleeve has a reaming section machined at the end away from the grinding machine chuck, and the end of the reaming section has an inner conical surface that mates with the fixture. The fixture is cylindrical in shape that matches the inner hole size of the sleeve. The end of the fixture has a conical clamping part that matches the angle of the inner conical surface. The fixture near the conical clamping part has multiple spring grooves parallel to the axis of the sleeve. The length of the spring grooves is greater than the length of the reaming section. The axis of the screw is located outside the spring grooves of the fixture. When clamping a workpiece, simply load the workpiece into the fixture first, then load the fixture into the sleeve. Once the fixture is in place, secure it with screws.

[0003] However, this chuck structure has poor clamping stability. The clamping fixture is locked by screws on the side, which can easily cause eccentricity after long-term use. This leads to the workpiece being misaligned after clamping, resulting in reduced machining accuracy and a higher defect rate. Therefore, it is necessary to improve it. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a simple chuck structure for machining, which ensures rapid clamping of workpieces, is suitable for batch processing of single products, has high workpiece clamping concentricity, and can improve the yield of high-precision grinding.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a simple chuck structure for machining, including a chuck, a sleeve, and a fixture. The chuck has a through-cavity assembly cavity at its center, with a positioning step protruding towards the center at the bottom of the assembly cavity. A locking threaded hole is formed on the inner side of the positioning step. The sleeve is movably fitted into the assembly cavity, with its inner end face engaging with the positioning step. The outer wall of the sleeve is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the assembly cavity. The sleeve is hollowed out to form a cylindrical cavity, with a chamfered first oblique wedge abutting the top at one side of the cavity opening. The fixture is tubular, and sequentially includes a jaw portion, an insertion portion, and a screw portion. The jaw portion includes at least two jaws. The unit consists of a jaw unit that protrudes from the outer wall of the insertion part along the radial direction of the clamp. Each jaw unit is spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The bottom of each jaw unit has a pressing surface, which is conical. The pressing surfaces of each jaw unit combine to form a conical second inclined wedge top. The second inclined wedge top matches the first inclined wedge top. The inner side of the jaw unit has a clamping part, and each clamping part surrounds to form a clamping position. During assembly, the clamp is movably inserted into the cavity of the sleeve, and the clamp and the cavity are keyed together. The screw part is threaded to the locking thread hole of the chuck. The first and second inclined wedge tops move and abut against each other to achieve clamping engagement of each clamping part towards the center.

[0006] In a further technical solution, the inner wall of the cylinder cavity is formed with a key shaft, which protrudes towards the center of the cylinder cavity; the side wall of the fixture is formed with a keyway, which is formed in the insertion part and extends through the screw part. When the fixture is inserted into the cylinder cavity, the keyway and the key shaft engage to achieve circumferential positioning between the fixture and the sleeve.

[0007] In a further technical solution, the inner end of the keyway is formed with a bevel, which contacts and engages with the key shaft.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the mating surface angle α between the top of the first inclined wedge and the top of the second inclined wedge is 15 degrees to 45 degrees, with the center line of the fixture as a reference.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the projected shape of the clamping position is circular or square.

[0010] In a further technical solution, auxiliary protrusions are formed on both sides of the clamping part. The outer wall of the auxiliary protrusions is smoothly arranged with the outer wall of the clamping part, forming an arc-shaped clamping mating surface. Each clamping mating surface surrounds and forms a circular clamping position.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the diameter d of the clamping position is 1mm-10mm.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the thickness h of the clamping part is 1.5mm-3.5mm.

[0013] In a further technical solution, wrench engagement notches are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the sleeve, for turning the sleeve and the clamp by means of a wrench.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the chuck has multiple through-holes, with the outer opening of the through-holes having a countersunk hole structure for fixing the chuck with a long screw; the inner opening of the through-holes has an internal thread structure for fixing the chuck with a short screw.

[0015] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art after adopting the above structure are:

[0016] 1. The chuck's locking threaded hole engages with the threaded screw of the clamp, driving the clamp to move axially. This causes the tops of the first and second inclined wedges to generate radial forces, pushing each jaw unit to converge towards the center synchronously. This structure avoids the uneven force distribution problem caused by traditional lateral screw locking, ensuring uniform force application across all clamping parts. This significantly improves the concentricity of workpiece clamping, making it particularly suitable for high-precision grinding processes and effectively reducing the defect rate.

[0017] 2. The clamp and sleeve are positioned and engaged by the keyway and key shaft in a circumferential manner, which restricts the circumferential rotation of the clamp in the cylinder cavity and avoids clamp deviation caused by vibration or external force. It can maintain a stable clamping state even after long-term use, which solves the defects of traditional screw locking that is easy to loosen and eccentric. Users can lock and release the clamp by turning the sleeve, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0018] 3. The fixture is assembled with the sleeve by plugging in and tightening with threads to complete the clamping action. There is no need to adjust the side screws, simplifying the operation steps and significantly shortening the clamping time. It is especially suitable for the batch processing needs of a single product and can greatly improve production efficiency.

[0019] 4. Depending on production needs, clamps with different clamping positions can be selected to meet the clamping requirements of workpieces of different sizes, thus expanding the applicable scenarios of the chuck.

[0020] 5. The chuck assembly channel adopts a combination of countersunk holes and internal threads, which can support the long screw to ensure stability, and can also adapt to different installation environments through the short screw, thus improving the flexibility and convenience of chuck installation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a simple chuck structure for machining includes a chuck 1, a sleeve 2, and a clamp 3. The chuck 1 has a through-hole 10 at its center. A positioning step 11 protruding towards the center is formed at the bottom of the 10, and a locking threaded hole 110 is formed on the inner side of the positioning step 11. The sleeve 2 is movably fitted into the 10, with its inner end face engaging with the positioning step 11. The outer wall of the sleeve 2 is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the 10. The sleeve 2 is hollowed out to form a cylindrical cavity 20, and a chamfered first oblique wedge 21 is formed at one side opening of the cavity 20. The clamp 3 is tubular and sequentially has a jaw portion and a insertion portion 3. The clamp 3 and screw portion 34, the jaw portion includes at least two jaw units 31, the jaw units 31 protrude from the outer wall of the insertion portion 33 in the radial direction of the clamp 3, each jaw unit 31 is distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, each jaw unit 31 has a pressing surface formed at its bottom, the pressing surface is set in a conical shape, the pressing surfaces of each jaw unit 31 combine to form a conical second inclined wedge top 32, the second inclined wedge top 32 matches the first inclined wedge top 21, the inner side of the jaw unit 31 has a clamping portion 311 formed, each clamping portion 311 surrounds to form a clamping position 30, the diameter d of the clamping position 30 is 1.5mm; the thickness h of the clamping portion 311 is 2.5mm. According to production needs, clamps 3 with different specifications of clamping positions 30 can be selected to meet the clamping needs of workpieces 9 of different sizes, thus expanding the applicable scenarios of the chuck.

[0029] During assembly, the fixture 3 is movably inserted into the cavity 20 of the sleeve 2, and the fixture 3 and the cavity 20 are keyed together. The screw part 34 is threadedly connected to the locking thread hole 110 of the chuck 1. The first wedge abutment top 21 and the second wedge abutment top 32 are movably abutted and engaged. The workpiece 9 is inserted into the clamping position 30. The sleeve 2 is turned by a wrench tool so that each clamping part 311 clamps the workpiece 9 in the center direction.

[0030] The locking threaded hole 110 of the chuck 1 engages with the threaded screw portion 34 of the clamp 3, driving the clamp 3 to move axially. This causes the first wedge abutment top 21 and the second wedge abutment top 32 to generate radial force, pushing each jaw unit 31 to converge towards the center synchronously. This structure avoids the uneven force distribution problem caused by traditional lateral screw locking, ensuring that all clamping parts 311 apply force evenly, significantly improving the concentricity of the workpiece 9 clamping. It is especially suitable for high-precision grinding machining scenarios and can effectively reduce the defect rate.

[0031] The clamp 3 is assembled with the sleeve 2 by plugging in and tightening with threads to complete the clamping action. There is no need to adjust the side screws, simplifying the operation steps and significantly shortening the clamping time. It is especially suitable for the batch processing needs of a single product and can greatly improve production efficiency.

[0032] Specifically, the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity 20 is formed with a key shaft 201, which protrudes towards the center of the cylindrical cavity 20; the side wall of the clamp 3 is formed with a keyway 35, which is formed in the insertion part 33 and extends through the screw part 34. When the clamp 3 is inserted into the cylindrical cavity 20, the keyway 35 engages with the key shaft 201 to achieve circumferential positioning between the clamp 3 and the sleeve 2. The inner end of the keyway 35 is formed with a bevel 351, which engages with the key shaft 201.

[0033] The clamp 3 and the sleeve 2 are circumferentially positioned and engaged by the keyway 35 and the key shaft 201, which restricts the circumferential rotation of the clamp 3 in the cylinder cavity 20, and avoids the clamp 3 from shifting due to vibration or external force. It can maintain a stable clamping state even after long-term use, which solves the defects of traditional screw locking that is easy to loosen and eccentric. Users can lock and release the clamp by turning the sleeve, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0034] Specifically, the mating surface angle α between the first inclined wedge top 21 and the second inclined wedge top 32 is 40 degrees with reference to the center line of the fixture 3.

[0035] Specifically, the projected shape of the clamping position 30 is circular; auxiliary protrusions 312 are formed on both sides of the clamping part 311, the outer wall of the auxiliary protrusions 312 is smoothly arranged with the outer wall of the clamping part 311, and forms an arc-shaped clamping mating surface, and each clamping mating surface surrounds and forms a circular clamping position 30.

[0036] Specifically, the outer wall of the sleeve 2 is provided with wrench engagement notches 22 on both sides for twisting the sleeve 2 and the clamp 3 by means of a wrench.

[0037] Specifically, the chuck 1 has multiple through-holes 12. The outer opening of the assembly hole 12 is formed with a countersunk hole structure 121 for fixing the chuck 1 with a long screw. The inner opening of the assembly hole 12 is formed with an internal thread structure 122 for fixing the chuck 1 with a short screw.

[0038] The chuck assembly channel 12 adopts a combination of countersunk hole and internal thread structure, which can not only support the long screw to ensure stability, but also adapt to different installation environments through the short screw, thus improving the flexibility and convenience of chuck installation.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A simple chuck structure for machining, characterized in that: It includes a chuck (1), a sleeve (2), and a clamp (3). The chuck (1) has a through-hole (10) in the center, and a positioning step (11) protruding towards the center is formed at the bottom of the assembly cavity (10). A locking thread hole (110) is formed on the inner side of the positioning step (11). The sleeve (2) is movably embedded in the assembly cavity (10). The inner end face of the sleeve (2) is limited to the positioning step (11). The outer wall of the sleeve (2) is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the assembly cavity (10). The inside of the sleeve (2) is hollowed out to form a cylindrical cavity (20). A first oblique wedge (21) with a chamfer is formed at the opening on one side of the cylindrical cavity (20). The clamp (3) is tubular and has a jaw portion, a plug portion (33) and a screw portion (34) formed sequentially. The jaw portion includes at least two jaw units (31). The jaw units (31) protrude from the outer wall of the plug portion (33) in the radial direction of the clamp (3). Each jaw unit (31) is distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each jaw unit (31) has a pressing surface formed at its bottom. The pressing surface is conical. The pressing surfaces of each jaw unit (31) are combined to form a conical second oblique wedge top (32). The second oblique wedge top (32) matches the first oblique wedge top (21). The inner side of the jaw unit (31) has a clamping portion (311). Each clamping portion (311) surrounds and forms a clamping position (30). During assembly, the fixture (3) is movably inserted into the cavity (20) of the sleeve (2), and the fixture (3) and the cavity (20) are keyed together. The screw part (34) is threadedly connected to the locking thread hole (110) of the chuck (1). The first wedge abuts the top (21) and the second wedge abuts the top (32) to move and abut together, so as to achieve clamping engagement of each clamping part (311) towards the center.

2. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cylindrical cavity (20) is formed with a key shaft (201), which protrudes towards the center of the cylindrical cavity (20); the side wall of the clamp (3) is formed with a keyway (35), which is formed in the insertion part (33) and extends through the screw part (34). When the clamp (3) is inserted into the cylindrical cavity (20), the keyway (35) and the key shaft (201) engage to achieve circumferential positioning between the clamp (3) and the sleeve (2).

3. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner end of the keyway (35) is formed with a chamfer (351), which contacts and engages with the key shaft (201).

4. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mating surface angle α between the first inclined wedge top (21) and the second inclined wedge top (32) is 15 degrees to 45 degrees with reference to the center line of the clamp (3).

5. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projected shape of the clamping position (30) is circular or square.

6. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping part (311) has auxiliary protrusions (312) formed on both sides. The outer wall of the auxiliary protrusions (312) is smoothly arranged with the outer wall of the clamping part (311) and forms an arc-shaped clamping mating surface. Each clamping mating surface surrounds and forms the circular clamping position (30).

7. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter d of the clamping position (30) is 1mm-10mm.

8. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness h of the clamping part (311) is 1.5mm-3.5mm.

9. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (2) has wrench engagement notches (22) on both sides of its outer wall, which are used to twist the sleeve (2) and the clamp (3) by wrench.

10. The simplified chuck structure for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck (1) has multiple through-holes (12) with the outer side opening of the assembly holes (12) having a countersunk hole structure (121) for fixing the chuck (1) with a long screw; the inner side opening of the assembly holes (12) has an internal thread structure (122) for fixing the chuck (1) with a short screw.

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