Air spring pressure reduction device and rail vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses an air spring pressure reducing device and a railway vehicle, and relates to the technical field of railway vehicles. The air spring pressure reducing device comprises a second air spring, a first air spring, a height valve and a balance valve. The second air spring is arranged at the head end of a vehicle body, and the first air spring is located at the rear side of the second air spring. The height valve is communicated with the second air spring and the first air spring, and is used for conveying gas to the second air spring and the first air spring respectively. The output port pressure of the balance valve is half of the input port pressure. The balance valve is arranged between the second air spring and the first air spring, and is used for making the pressure of the second air spring half of the pressure of the first air spring. The air spring pressure reducing device solves the problem that the pressure of the two air springs at the head end of the vehicle body cannot be made half of the pressure of other air springs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and in particular to a spring decompression device and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing high-speed maglev trains use two small air springs at the front end and fourteen large air springs in the other fourteen. This difference in air spring volume allows the two front air springs to exert half the pressure of the other air springs. However, in narrow-body vehicles, all the air springs in the front car are of the same size, making it impossible to achieve the same pressure. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a spring pressure relief device and a rail vehicle that solves the problem that it is impossible to achieve the function of the two springs at the front end of the car body having half the pressure of the other springs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a spring-loaded pressure-reducing device, comprising:

[0005] The first air spring and the second air spring are used to install at the front end of the vehicle body, and the first air spring is located behind the second air spring.

[0006] A height valve, connected to the first air spring and the second air spring, is used to supply gas to the first air spring and the second air spring respectively;

[0007] A balancing valve, whose output pressure is half of the input pressure, is located between the first and second air springs to make the pressure of the second air spring half of the pressure of the first air spring.

[0008] In some embodiments, there are two of each of the first air spring, the second air spring, and the balance valve. The two balance valves are respectively located between the corresponding first air spring and the second air spring, and the two balance valves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the air spring decompression device further includes a mounting base for fixing to the lower surface of the vehicle floor, and two balance valves are mounted on the mounting base such that the two balance valves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mounting base has a Z-shaped structure. The mounting base includes a mounting body and a connecting body integrally disposed on both sides of the mounting body. Two balance valves are mounted on the mounting body through mounting members. The connecting body is bent and is used to connect to the lower surface of the vehicle floor through the connecting members, so that a preset installation space is formed between the mounting body and the lower surface of the vehicle floor.

[0011] In some embodiments, the balance valve has a first air inlet, a second air inlet, and an air outlet. The output pressure of the air outlet is half of the sum of the input pressures of the first air inlet and the second air inlet. The first air inlet or the second air inlet is blocked by a plug, so that the output pressure of the air outlet is half of the input pressure of the corresponding air inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plug is a silencer plug, which is threaded to the port of the first air inlet or the second air inlet. The silencer plug has a noise reduction chamber inside to suppress airflow noise and achieve port sealing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the height valve and the first or second air inlet of the balance valve are connected by a first connecting pipe, and the air outlet of the balance valve and the second air spring are connected by a second connecting pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner walls of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are provided with spiral guide grooves.

[0015] In some embodiments, the air spring pressure relief device further includes:

[0016] The first pressure sensor is installed on the second connecting pipe and is used to monitor the output pressure of the balance valve in real time.

[0017] The second pressure sensor is located on the first connecting pipe and is used to monitor the input pressure of the balance valve in real time.

[0018] The controller is connected in communication with the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the balance valve. It is used to dynamically adjust the valve core opening of the balance valve to ensure that the pressure difference between the second air spring and the first air spring is within a preset range.

[0019] This application also provides a rail vehicle including the air spring decompression device described in any of the above claims.

[0020] Compared to the aforementioned background technology, the air spring pressure reducing device provided in this application includes a second air spring, a first air spring, a height valve, and a balance valve. The second air spring is disposed at the front end of the vehicle body, and the first air spring is located behind the second air spring. The height valve communicates with both the second and first air springs and is used to supply gas to both air springs. The output pressure of the balance valve is half of the input pressure, and the balance valve is located between the second and first air springs, used to ensure that the pressure of the second air spring is half of the pressure of the first air spring.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this air spring pressure relief device mainly include: by setting a balance valve between the air spring at the front end of the vehicle body and the air spring on the rear side, the output pressure of the balance valve is half of the input pressure. That is, through the pressure relief function of the balance valve, the pressure delivered to the second air spring by the height valve is half of the pressure delivered to the first air spring by the height valve, so as to achieve the function that the pressure of the air spring at the front end of the vehicle body is half of the pressure of the other air springs on the rear side of the front end air spring. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air circuit principle of the air spring pressure reducing device in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the first or second balance valve in the air spring pressure reducing device.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The side view of the assembly of the first and second balance valves in the air spring pressure reducing device shown.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The top view of the assembly of the first and second balance valves in the air spring pressure reducing device shown.

[0027] in:

[0028] 1-First height valve; 2-First air spring control unit; 3-First air spring; 4-First balance valve; 5-Second air spring control unit; 6-Second air spring; 7-Second height valve; 8-Second balance valve; 9-Mounting base; 91-Mounting body; 92-Connecting body; 10-Mounting component; 11-Connecting component; 12-Second connecting pipe; 13-First connecting pipe; 14-Vehicle floor. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper end," "lower end," "left side," and "right side" mentioned below are defined based on the accompanying drawings in the instruction manual.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air circuit principle of the air spring pressure reducing device in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the first or second balance valve in the air spring pressure reducing device. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The side view of the assembly of the first and second balance valves in the air spring pressure reducing device shown. Figure 4 for Figure 1 The top view of the assembly of the first and second balance valves in the air spring pressure reducing device shown.

[0033] The air spring pressure reducing device provided in this application includes a second air spring 6, a first air spring 3, a height valve, and a balance valve. The second air spring 6 is disposed at the front end of the vehicle body, and the first air spring 3 is located behind the second air spring 6. The height valve communicates with both the second air spring 6 and the first air spring 3, and is used to supply gas to both the second air spring 6 and the first air spring 3. The output pressure of the balance valve is half of the input pressure, and the balance valve is located between the second air spring 6 and the first air spring 3, and is used to ensure that the pressure of the second air spring 6 is half of the pressure of the first air spring 3.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this air spring pressure relief device mainly include: by setting a balance valve between the air spring at the front end of the vehicle body and the air spring on the rear side, the output pressure of the balance valve is half of the input pressure. That is, through the pressure relief function of the balance valve, the pressure delivered to the second air spring 6 by the height valve is half of the pressure delivered to the first air spring 3 by the height valve, so as to achieve the function that the pressure of the air spring at the front end of the vehicle body is half of the pressure of the other air springs on the rear side of the front end air spring.

[0035] In some embodiments, there are two of each of the first air spring 3, the second air spring 6, and the balance valve. The two balance valves are respectively located between the corresponding first air spring 3 and the second air spring 6, and the two balance valves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.

[0036] Specifically, the left side of the vehicle body is equipped with a first height valve 1, a first air spring control unit 2, a first air spring 3, a first balance valve 4, a second air spring control unit 5, and a second air spring 6, while the right side of the vehicle body is equipped with a second height valve 7, a first air spring control unit 2, a first air spring 3, a second balance valve 8, a second air spring control unit 5, and a second air spring 6.

[0037] In this way, by setting a first balance valve 4 between the second air spring 6 on the left side of the front end of the vehicle body and the first air spring 3 on its rear side, and setting a second balance valve 8 between the second air spring 6 on the right side of the front end of the vehicle body and the first air spring 3 on its rear side, the pressure reduction function of the first balance valve 4 and the second balance valve 8 respectively makes the pressure delivered by the first height valve 1 to the second air spring 6 on the left side of the front end of the vehicle body half the pressure delivered by the first height valve 1 to the first air spring 3 on the left side of the front end of the vehicle body, and the pressure delivered by the second height valve 7 to the second air spring 6 on the right side of the front end of the vehicle body half the pressure delivered by the second height valve 7 to the first air spring 3 on the right side of the front end of the vehicle body, thereby achieving the function that the pressure of the two air springs on the left and right sides of the front end of the vehicle body is half the pressure of the other air springs behind the front end air spring.

[0038] In some embodiments, the air spring pressure reducing device further includes a mounting base 9, which is used to fix the device to the lower surface of the vehicle body floor 14. The first balance valve 4 and the second balance valve 8 are both mounted on the mounting base 9, such that the two balance valves, the first balance valve 4 and the second balance valve 8, are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first balancing valve 4 and the second balancing valve 8 are connected to the same mounting base 9 to form a module. This integrated modular design results in a compact structure and solves the problem of difficult layout of the balancing valve and its input and output pipelines due to space limitations.

[0040] In some embodiments, the mounting base 9 has a Z-shaped structure. The mounting base 9 includes a mounting body 91 and a connecting body 92 integrally disposed on both sides of the mounting body 91. The first balance valve 4 and the second balance valve 8 are mounted on the mounting body 91 by mounting parts 10 (such as mounting bolts). The connecting body 92 is bent and is used to connect to the lower surface of the vehicle floor 14 by connecting parts 11 (such as rivets), so that a preset installation space is formed between the mounting body 91 and the lower surface of the vehicle floor 14.

[0041] It can be seen that the mounting base 9 adopts a "U-shaped structure" design (composed of the mounting body 91 and the two bent connecting bodies 92 on both sides), which is not only an innovation in spatial layout, but also has significant advantages in structural mechanics, functional adaptability, and engineering efficiency. Specifically:

[0042] Regarding structural strength and load optimization: The Z-shaped profile evenly distributes the loads (such as vibration and gravity) transmitted by the vehicle floor 14 to the connecting bodies 92 on both sides through the bending arc, avoiding stress concentration at a single support point. This design is similar to the pressure distribution mechanism of the Z-shaped bracket on the roof panel in construction, significantly reducing the risk of metal fatigue and extending the service life of the mounting base 9. At the same time, the bent connecting bodies 92 form a truss-like structure, providing higher bending stiffness in both the vertical direction (vehicle weight pressure) and the horizontal direction (traveling lateral force). Experiments show that this type of structure has about 30% better deformation resistance than a flat plate bracket, ensuring the stability of the balance valve under bumpy road conditions.

[0043] In terms of space utilization efficiency: the bending design of the connecting body 92 creates a pre-set installation space between the mounting body 91 and the lower surface of the vehicle floor 14, cleverly utilizing unused areas of the chassis. Balance valves, pipes, and connectors can be arranged in layers within this space, avoiding interference with components such as the drive shaft and exhaust pipe. Simultaneously, the U-shaped structure separates multiple functional zones (such as the valve body installation area and wiring harness routing area), facilitating the subsequent addition of auxiliary interfaces or sensors, aligning with the trend of vehicle electrification upgrades.

[0044] Regarding ease of installation and maintenance: The flat design of the mounting body 91 provides a unified base for the balancing valve, allowing for quick fixation of the valve body using standardized mounting components 10 (such as mounting bolts / clips), reducing on-site adjustment time. Simultaneously, the pre-set installation space height (determined by the bending angle of the connecting body 92) provides a maintenance access route, allowing technicians to access the valve body without disassembling the floor. Compared to traditional embedded installations, maintenance efficiency is improved by over 50%.

[0045] In terms of vibration and shock absorption: the elastic deformation of the bending structure can absorb high-frequency vibrations (5-50Hz) during vehicle operation, protecting the precision components inside the balance valve (such as the valve core and sensors). Actual test data shows that the amplitude attenuation rate reaches 40-60%. At the same time, when encountering chassis scraping, the bending point of the connecting body 92 preferentially undergoes controllable plastic deformation, dissipating impact energy and preventing the valve body oil circuit from rupturing due to large displacement of the mounting body 91, thus improving the system robustness.

[0046] In terms of manufacturing and cost-effectiveness: One-piece molded Z-shaped structures (such as stamping / roll bending) reduce welding joints and lower the risk of cracking. Compared to welded brackets, one-piece Z-shaped components reduce costs by 15% and weight by 20%. Furthermore, by adjusting the bending angle or height of the connecting body 92, the same mold can be adapted to different vehicle chassis, shortening the development cycle.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first balance valve 4 and the second balance valve 8 have the same structure, each having a first air inlet I, a second air inlet II, and an air outlet M. The output pressure of the air outlet M is half of the sum of the input pressures of the first air inlet I and the second air inlet II. The first air inlet I or the second air inlet II is blocked by a plug, so that the output pressure of the air outlet M is half of the input pressure of the corresponding air inlet.

[0048] For example, the first air inlet I is blocked with a plug, and the output pressure of the air outlet M is half of the input pressure of the second air inlet II.

[0049] In some embodiments, the plug is a silencer plug, which is threadedly connected to the port of the first air inlet I or the second air inlet II. The silencer plug has a noise reduction chamber inside to suppress airflow noise and achieve port sealing.

[0050] It can be seen that the silencer plug serves the dual purpose of noise reduction and sealing. The noise reduction chamber forces the airflow path to change abruptly by expanding the space (such as Z-shaped bending plates or porous partitions). The sound waves are reflected and interfered with multiple times between the cavity walls, and the attenuation rate of mid-to-high frequency noise (1-4kHz) can reach 40-60%.

[0051] Furthermore, the cavity is filled with sound-absorbing materials such as sound-absorbing asbestos or glass fiber, which convert sound energy into heat energy and specifically absorb mid-to-high frequency noise; at the same time, the cavity volume and structure can form a Helmholtz resonance effect, which precisely suppresses specific low-frequency noise.

[0052] In some embodiments, the height valve and the first air inlet I or the second air inlet II of the balance valve are connected by a first connecting pipe 13, and the air outlet M of the balance valve and the second air spring are connected by a second connecting pipe 12.

[0053] Specifically, the first height valve 1 and the second air inlet II of the first balance valve 4 are connected by the first connecting pipe 13, and the air outlet M of the first balance valve 4 is connected by the second air spring 6 on the left side of the front end of the vehicle body through the second connecting pipe 12; the second height valve 7 and the second air inlet II of the second balance valve 8 are connected by the first connecting pipe 13, and the air outlet M of the second balance valve 8 is connected by the second air spring 6 on the right side of the front end of the vehicle body through the second connecting pipe 12.

[0054] In some embodiments, the inner walls of the first connecting pipe 13 and the second connecting pipe 12 are provided with spiral guide grooves to suppress airflow pulsation and improve pressure transmission stability.

[0055] In some embodiments, the air spring pressure reducing device further includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a controller.

[0056] The first pressure sensor is installed on the second connecting pipe 12 and is used to monitor the output pressure of the balance valve in real time. The second pressure sensor is installed on the first connecting pipe 13 and is used to monitor the input pressure of the balance valve in real time. The controller is communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the balance valve. The controller is used to dynamically adjust the valve core opening of the balance valve to ensure that the pressure difference between the second air spring and the first air spring is within a preset range.

[0057] In this way, the controller dynamically adjusts the valve core opening based on the comparison between the two pressure differences ΔP = P1 (first air spring 3) - P2 (second air spring 6) and a preset range. For example, when ΔP exceeds the threshold, the valve core opening of the balance valve is increased to increase the pressure of the second air spring 6, and vice versa.

[0058] The deviation P is the difference between the pressure of the second air spring 6 and half the pressure of the first air spring 3. 偏差 Generally, it does not exceed ±2%.

[0059] The rail vehicle provided in this application includes the air spring decompression device described in the above specific embodiments; other parts of the rail vehicle can be referred to in related technologies, and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0061] The air spring decompression device and rail vehicle provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the solution and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A spring-loaded pressure-reducing device, characterized in that, include: A first air spring and a second air spring, wherein the second air spring is used to be installed at the front end of the vehicle body and the first air spring is located behind the second air spring; A height valve, connected to the first air spring and the second air spring, is used to supply gas to the first air spring and the second air spring respectively; A balancing valve, whose output pressure is half of the input pressure, is located between the first air spring and the second air spring, and is used to make the pressure of the second air spring half of the pressure of the first air spring.

2. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first air spring, the second air spring, and the balance valve are all two. The two balance valves are respectively located between the corresponding first air spring and the second air spring, and the two balance valves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.

3. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The air spring decompression device also includes a mounting base for fixing to the lower surface of the vehicle floor. The two balance valves are mounted on the mounting base, such that the two balance valves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body.

4. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting base has a Z-shaped structure. The mounting base includes a mounting body and a connecting body integrally disposed on both sides of the mounting body. The two balance valves are mounted on the mounting body through mounting parts. The connecting body is bent and is used to connect to the lower surface of the vehicle floor through the connecting parts, so that a preset installation space is formed between the mounting body and the lower surface of the vehicle floor.

5. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The balance valve is provided with a first air inlet, a second air inlet, and an air outlet. The output pressure of the air outlet is half of the sum of the input pressures of the first air inlet and the second air inlet. The first air inlet or the second air inlet is blocked by a plug so that the output pressure of the air outlet is half of the input pressure of the corresponding air inlet.

6. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The plug is a silencer screw plug, which is threaded to the port of the first air inlet or the second air inlet. The silencer screw plug has a noise reduction chamber inside to suppress airflow noise and achieve port sealing.

7. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The height valve is connected to the first air inlet or the second air inlet of the balance valve via a first connecting pipe, and the air outlet of the balance valve is connected to the second air spring via a second connecting pipe.

8. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inner walls of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are provided with spiral guide grooves.

9. The air spring pressure reducing device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The air spring pressure relief device also includes: A first pressure sensor is installed on the second connecting pipe to monitor the output pressure of the balance valve in real time. The second pressure sensor is installed on the first connecting pipe and is used to monitor the input pressure of the balance valve in real time. The controller is communicatively connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the balance valve, and is used to dynamically adjust the valve core opening of the balance valve to ensure that the pressure difference between the second air spring and the first air spring is within a preset range.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the air spring pressure reducing device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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