Cylindrical guide rail self-adapting double-pulley guide mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of cylindrical guide rail self-adapting double pulley guide mechanisms, including connecting seat, the top of connecting seat is fixedly installed with fixed pulley assembly, the bottom of fixed pulley assembly is slidably contacted with cylindrical guide rail, the bottom of cylindrical guide rail is slidably contacted with movable pulley assembly, movable pulley assembly is fixedly installed in the top of spring pre-tightening mechanism, spring pre-tightening mechanism is fixedly installed in the middle of connecting seat;Spring pre-tightening mechanism includes compression spring, spring seat, linkage positioning pin, spring guide rod, movable pulley support, spring seat is fixedly installed in the middle of connecting seat one side, spring guide rod is slidably sleeved on spring seat, movable pulley support is rotatably installed at the top of spring guide rod, movable pulley support is installed with movable pulley assembly at the bottom, linkage positioning pin is fixedly connected on spring guide rod, the bottom of linkage positioning pin is contacted with the top of compression spring, the bottom of compression spring is contacted with the bottom inner wall of spring seat, compression spring is slidably sleeved in spring guide rod outer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cylindrical guide rail technology, specifically to an adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism for cylindrical guide rails. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical guides, due to their compact structure, high rigidity, and ease of integration, are widely used in automated production lines, precision testing equipment, medical machinery, and industrial robots, undertaking the core linear motion guiding function. However, traditional guiding mechanisms have significant bottlenecks in maintaining dynamic stability and accuracy:

[0003] While rolling element guides (such as roller / needle roller bearings) offer the advantage of low friction, they rely on precise fit clearances. In actual operation, machining errors, vibration, or wear can cause the clearances to widen, leading to radial wobble in the mechanism and severely reducing positioning accuracy. Although interference preload can alleviate the clearances, it significantly increases rolling friction resistance, accelerating fatigue failure.

[0004] While sliding friction guides (such as polymer bushings) have a simple structure, they also present inherent challenges. First, there's the difficulty of clearance control: initial assembly requires a compensating clearance, but during operation, uneven loading can create a "wedge effect," increasing local wear rate differences and further widening the clearance. Second, there's the cost of preload. While segmented bushings or interference fits can compensate for wear, they increase the coefficient of sliding friction, significantly raising energy consumption and temperature rise.

[0005] Currently, common guiding mechanisms in the industry suffer from the following pain points: First, accuracy degradation: uncontrollable gap expansion leads to deterioration in repeatability accuracy; second, the rigidity-friction paradox: high rigidity requirements and low-friction motion are difficult to achieve simultaneously; third, high maintenance costs: periodic manual adjustment of preload or replacement of worn parts is required, with an average maintenance frequency of 3-6 months. Existing improvement solutions, such as hydraulic compensation bushings or complex wedge self-locking mechanisms, are difficult to promote in small and medium-sized equipment due to high costs or lag in dynamic response.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-friction, adaptive guide mechanism that maintains constant preload, which can compensate for radial clearance in real time without external intervention, and simultaneously improve system rigidity, accuracy and lifespan. To this end, we propose a cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guide mechanism to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism for cylindrical guide rails to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism, including a connecting seat, a fixed pulley assembly fixedly installed on the top of the connecting seat, a cylindrical guide rail slidably abutting the bottom of the fixed pulley assembly, a movable pulley assembly slidably abutting the bottom of the cylindrical guide rail, the movable pulley assembly fixedly installed on the top of a spring preload mechanism, and the spring preload mechanism fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting seat;

[0009] The spring preload mechanism includes a compression spring, a spring seat, a linkage positioning pin, a spring guide rod, and a movable pulley support. The spring seat is fixedly installed on one side of the middle of the connecting seat. The spring guide rod is slidably sleeved on the spring seat. The movable pulley support is rotatably installed on the top of the spring guide rod. A movable pulley assembly is installed on the bottom of the movable pulley support. The linkage positioning pin is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod. The bottom of the linkage positioning pin abuts against the top of the compression spring. The bottom of the compression spring abuts against the bottom inner wall of the spring seat. The compression spring is slidably sleeved on the outside of the spring guide rod.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the connector has an upper mounting hole, the two sides of the middle part of the connector have lower mounting holes, and the bottom of the connector has multiple connecting holes.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed pulley assembly includes a fixed pulley, a spindle, a nut, and a washer. One side of the spindle is fitted into the upper mounting hole, and the fixed pulley is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spindle. Washers are fitted on both sides of the spindle, and nuts are connected to both ends of the spindle via threaded structures.

[0012] Preferably, the movable pulley assembly includes a movable pulley, a second spindle, a second nut, and a second washer. The second spindle is sleeved on the movable pulley support, and the movable pulley is rotatably mounted in the middle of the second spindle. The second washer is provided on the opposite sides of the pulley support, and the second washer is sleeved on both sides of the second spindle. The two ends of the second spindle are respectively connected to the second nut through a threaded structure.

[0013] Preferably, mounting holes are provided on both sides of the middle part of the spring seat, and bolts are inserted into the mounting holes. The bolts are connected to the nuts by three threads after passing through the lower mounting holes.

[0014] Preferably, the top end of the spring guide rod is threaded with a connecting screw.

[0015] Preferably, the compression spring is provided with spring seat positioning pins on both sides, and one end of the spring seat positioning pin is fixedly connected to both sides of the inner sidewall of the spring seat.

[0016] Preferably, the cylindrical guide rail includes a seamless steel pipe and a support base. The seamless steel pipe abuts against the fixed pulley assembly and the movable pulley assembly respectively, and multiple support bases are fixedly welded to one side of the seamless steel pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. Excellent guiding accuracy: Through a unique double pulley cooperative locking mechanism, radial runout is effectively suppressed, achieving ultra-precise linear guiding motion and significantly improving the positioning accuracy of the equipment.

[0019] 2. Excellent rigidity retention and low friction characteristics: The ingenious structural design enables the mechanism to maintain extremely high motion rigidity while maintaining extremely low rolling friction resistance, perfectly solving the traditional problem of balancing high rigidity and low friction.

[0020] 3. Powerful adaptive compensation capability: The built-in elastic preload system can automatically and in real time compensate for gap changes caused by wear, thermal deformation or installation errors, ensuring stable and reliable performance under long-term operating conditions.

[0021] 4. Extremely long service life and maintenance-free characteristics: The core moving parts have minimal wear and tear and have a self-compensating function, which greatly extends the maintenance cycle and even eliminates the need for manual adjustment throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment, thus reducing the overall operating cost.

[0022] 5. Excellent environmental adaptability and disturbance resistance: It has good fault tolerance to manufacturing tolerances, installation deformation and external vibration and shock of the guide rail, ensuring stable performance under complex and harsh working conditions.

[0023] 6. Simple and compact structure and low manufacturing cost: The mechanism has few parts and a simple structure, which not only makes it easy to process, manufacture and assemble, but also greatly reduces the cost of raw materials and production, making it extremely economical.

[0024] 7. High reliability and safety: The pure mechanical locking principle does not rely on external systems such as hydraulic, pneumatic or electronic control, avoiding related failure risks, and the working process is stable and safe.

[0025] 8. Wide compatibility and scalability: By changing the material of the card slot bushing or making minor adjustments to the structural dimensions, it can be adapted to cylindrical guide rails of different diameters and materials (such as steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel), making it suitable for a wide range of applications.

[0026] 9. Convenient installation and debugging: The "insert-automatic clamping" installation method makes the assembly process extremely simple, without the need for complicated tools or tedious pre-tightening adjustment steps, which greatly improves assembly efficiency.

[0027] 10. Smooth and seamless motion experience: Optimized force flow design and low friction characteristics ensure smooth and uninterrupted operation of the entire guidance process, effectively reducing motion noise and energy loss. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model after removing the cylindrical guide rail;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model from another perspective after the cylindrical guide rail has been removed;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting seat structure in this utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the moving pulley assembly and spring preload mechanism of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a side view of the spring preload mechanism in this utility model.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the fixed pulley assembly in this utility model;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a side view of the cylindrical guide rail structure in this utility model;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cylindrical guide rail structure in this utility model.

[0038] In the diagram: Connecting seat 1, upper mounting hole 101, lower mounting hole 102, connecting hole 103, fixed pulley assembly 2, fixed pulley 21, spindle 1 22, nut 1 23, washer 1 24, cylindrical guide rail 3, movable pulley assembly 4, movable pulley 41, spindle 2 42, nut 2 43, washer 2 44, spring preload mechanism 5, compression spring 6, spring seat 7, mounting hole 71, spring seat positioning pin 8, linkage positioning pin 9, spring guide rod 10, connecting screw 11, movable pulley support 12, seamless steel pipe 13, support seat 14, bolt 15, nut 3 16. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Reference Figure 1-3 This is the first embodiment of the present utility model. This embodiment provides a cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guide mechanism, including a connecting seat 1. A fixed pulley assembly 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting seat 1. A cylindrical guide rail 3 is slidably abutted on the bottom of the fixed pulley assembly 2. A movable pulley assembly 4 is slidably abutted on the bottom of the cylindrical guide rail 3. The movable pulley assembly 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the spring preload mechanism 5. The spring preload mechanism 5 is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting seat 1.

[0042] The spring preload mechanism 5 includes a compression spring 6, a spring seat 7, a linkage positioning pin 9, a spring guide rod 10, and a movable pulley support 12. The spring seat 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the middle of the connecting seat 1. The spring guide rod 10 is slidably sleeved on the spring seat 7. The movable pulley support 12 is rotatably installed on the top of the spring guide rod 10. The movable pulley assembly 4 is installed on the bottom of the movable pulley support 12. The linkage positioning pin 9 is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod 10. The bottom of the linkage positioning pin 9 abuts against the top of the compression spring 6, and the bottom end of the compression spring 6 abuts against the bottom inner wall of the spring seat 7. The compression spring 6 is slidably sleeved outside the spring guide rod 10. The adjustable range of the preload of the compression spring 6 can be dynamically adapted according to the load. Through the spring preload system as an internal, passive feedback system, it can instantly respond to and absorb disturbances caused by vibration, impact, or geometric errors of the cylindrical guide rail 3, such as roundness and straightness deviations. This enables the mechanism to maintain an extremely stable and precise motion trajectory in complex and ever-changing working environments, and to exhibit anti-interference capabilities and operational reliability far exceeding those of traditional solutions. Performance fluctuations are controlled to an extremely low level.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Reference Figure 1-10 This is the second embodiment of the present utility model. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment. Specifically, the top of the connecting seat 1 is provided with an upper mounting hole 101, the two sides of the middle part of the connecting seat 1 are respectively provided with lower mounting holes 102, and the bottom end of the connecting seat 1 is provided with multiple connecting holes 103.

[0045] Specifically, the fixed pulley assembly 2 includes a fixed pulley 21, a spindle 22, a nut 23, and a washer 24. One side of the spindle 22 is fitted into the upper mounting hole 101, and the fixed pulley 21 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spindle 22. Washers 24 are fitted on both sides of the spindle 22, and nuts 23 are connected to both ends of the spindle 22 through threaded structures.

[0046] Specifically, the movable pulley assembly 4 includes a movable pulley 41, a second spindle 42, a second nut 43, and a second washer 44. The second spindle 42 is sleeved on the movable pulley support 12. The movable pulley 41 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the second spindle 42. The second washer 44 is provided on the opposite sides of the pulley support 12. The second washer 44 is sleeved on both sides of the second spindle 42. The two ends of the second spindle 42 are respectively connected to the second nut 43 through a threaded structure.

[0047] The combination of the slots of the fixed pulley 21 and the movable pulley 41 forms a wrap angle greater than or equal to 180 degrees, creating a closed constraint on the cylindrical guide rail 3. The fixed pulley assembly 2, the movable pulley assembly 4, and the spring preload mechanism 5 achieve a purely mechanical, adaptive, bidirectional locking mechanism. The core innovation of this mechanism lies in the ingenious combination of "fixed constraint of the fixed pulley" and "elastic constraint of the spring lifting the movable pulley," forming a complete force-closed structure. This design fundamentally breaks through the limitations of traditional guide mechanisms that can only provide single-point or unidirectional constraints. By utilizing a constant spring preload, the cylindrical guide rail 3 is seamlessly wrapped within the slots of the double pulleys, thus achieving high-rigidity bidirectional locking in a purely mechanical structure and ensuring extremely high connection stability.

[0048] Furthermore, mounting holes 71 are provided on both sides of the middle part of the spring seat 7. Bolts 15 are inserted into the mounting holes 71 respectively. After passing through the lower mounting holes 102, the bolts 15 are threadedly connected to the nuts 16. The spring seat 7 is fixedly installed by the cooperation of the bolts 15 and the nuts 16.

[0049] Specifically, the top end of the spring guide rod 10 is threaded with a connecting screw 11. The connecting screw 11 slides through the round hole opened at the bottom of the movable pulley support 12, so that the movable pulley support 12 is rotatably mounted on the top end of the spring guide rod 10.

[0050] Specifically, spring seat positioning pins 8 are provided on both sides of the compression spring 6. One end of the spring seat positioning pin 8 is fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the spring seat 7. The setting of the spring seat positioning pin 8 facilitates the limiting and fixing of the stroke of the compression spring 6 after compression.

[0051] Specifically, the cylindrical guide rail 3 includes a seamless steel pipe 13 and a support seat 14. The seamless steel pipe 13 is in contact with the fixed pulley assembly 2 and the movable pulley assembly 4 respectively. Multiple support seats 14 are fixedly welded to one side of the seamless steel pipe 13.

[0052] The working principle and process are as follows:

[0053] 1. Initial clamping stage: After the seamless steel pipe 13 of the cylindrical guide rail 3 is inserted into the slot of the fixed pulley 21 of the fixed pulley assembly 2, the movable pulley assembly 4 is pressed down, causing the compression spring 6 of the spring pre-tightening mechanism 5 to be compressed; when the external force is released, the compression spring 6 pushes the movable pulley assembly 4 to move upward, and the slot of the movable pulley 41 of the movable pulley assembly 4 is engaged with the lower part of the seamless steel pipe 13 of the cylindrical guide rail 3, completing the two-way mechanical locking.

[0054] 2. Dynamic guiding stage: When the mechanism slides along the cylindrical guide rail 3, the fixed pulley 21 constrains the radial displacement, and the movable pulley 41 compensates for the guide rail deformation / wear gap in real time under the spring force of the compression spring 6.

[0055] 3. Adaptive adjustment: When the guide rail diameter tolerance changes by ±0.2mm or the wear amount is ≤0.5mm, the compression spring 6 automatically extends and retracts to maintain a constant clamping force and eliminate radial wobble.

[0056] 4. Removal of the guide mechanism: When it is necessary to remove the guide mechanism, pull down the spring guide rod 10. The linkage positioning pin 9 compresses the compression spring 6 under the action of the spring guide rod 10. When the linkage positioning pin 9 moves to the lower part of the spring seat positioning pin 8, rotate the spring guide rod 10 90°. At this time, the linkage positioning pin 9 is perpendicular to the spring seat positioning pin 8. After releasing the hand, the linkage positioning pin 9 is limited by the spring seat positioning pin 8, and the compression spring 6 is in a compressed state. At this time, the entire pulley guide mechanism can be easily removed from the cylindrical guide rail 3.

[0057] 5. Guide mechanism reset: Pull down and rotate the spring guide rod 10 90° and then release it to reset the compressed spring 6, causing the movable pulley 41 to move up and reset.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism, comprising a connecting seat (1), characterized in that: The top of the connecting seat (1) is fixedly installed with a fixed pulley assembly (2), the bottom of the fixed pulley assembly (2) slides against a cylindrical guide rail (3), the bottom of the cylindrical guide rail (3) slides against a movable pulley assembly (4), the movable pulley assembly (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the spring preload mechanism (5), and the spring preload mechanism (5) is fixedly installed in the middle of the connecting seat (1); The spring preload mechanism (5) includes a compression spring (6), a spring seat (7), a linkage positioning pin (9), a spring guide rod (10), and a movable pulley support (12). The spring seat (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the middle part of the connecting seat (1). The spring guide rod (10) is slidably sleeved on the spring seat (7). The movable pulley support (12) is rotatably installed on the top of the spring guide rod (10). The movable pulley assembly (4) is installed on the bottom of the movable pulley support (12). The linkage positioning pin (9) is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod (10). The bottom of the linkage positioning pin (9) abuts against the top of the compression spring (6). The bottom end of the compression spring (6) abuts against the bottom inner wall of the spring seat (7). The compression spring (6) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the spring guide rod (10).

2. The cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the connector (1) is provided with an upper mounting hole (101), the two sides of the middle part of the connector (1) are respectively provided with lower mounting holes (102), and the bottom of the connector (1) is provided with multiple connecting holes (103).

3. The cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed pulley assembly (2) includes a fixed pulley (21), a spindle (22), a nut (23), and a washer (24). One side of the spindle (22) is fitted into the upper mounting hole (101), and the fixed pulley (21) is rotatably mounted on the other side of the spindle (22). Washers (24) are respectively fitted on both sides of the spindle (22), and nuts (23) are respectively connected to both ends of the spindle (22) through a threaded structure.

4. The cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable pulley assembly (4) includes a movable pulley (41), a second spindle (42), a second nut (43), and a second washer (44). The second spindle (42) is sleeved on the movable pulley support (12). The movable pulley (41) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the second spindle (42). The second washer (44) is provided on the opposite sides of the pulley support (12). The second washer (44) is sleeved on both sides of the second spindle (42). The two ends of the second spindle (42) are respectively connected to the second nut (43) through a threaded structure.

5. The cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring seat (7) has mounting holes (71) on both sides of the middle part. Bolts (15) are inserted into the mounting holes (71). The bolts (15) pass through the lower mounting holes (102) and are threaded to the nuts (16).

6. The cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the spring guide rod (10) is threaded with a connecting screw (11).

7. The cylindrical guide rail adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression spring (6) is provided with spring seat positioning pins (8) on both sides respectively, and one end of the spring seat positioning pins (8) is fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the spring seat (7).

8. The adaptive double pulley guiding mechanism for cylindrical guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical guide rail (3) includes a seamless steel pipe (13) and a support seat (14). The seamless steel pipe (13) is in contact with the fixed pulley assembly (2) and the movable pulley assembly (4) respectively. Multiple support seats (14) are fixedly welded to one side of the seamless steel pipe (13).

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