A suspended stripline-based triplexer and limiter circuit integrated device

Abstract

The application discloses a suspended strip line triplexer and limiter integrated device, and relates to the microwave and radio frequency technical field.The device comprises a suspended strip line triplexer composed of a metal cavity and a suspended dielectric substrate, is provided with one input port and three output ports corresponding to different frequency bands, and is provided with a step impedance resonator group between each port, is connected through parallel plate capacitance, and is further connected through a high impedance thin line equivalent series inductance.The step impedance resonator is used for generating a transmission zero point outside the frequency band.The device is provided with PIN diode limiters at the three output ports, the metal cavity is composed of upper and lower metal cover plates, metal patches on the suspended strip line are connected with the upper and lower metal cover plates through vias, radio frequency grounding is realized, and a limiter PIN diode grounding position is reserved.The application has the advantages of compact structure, multi-frequency band signal separation, interference suppression, interference signal amplitude limitation, improved system reliability and stability, and function expansion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of microwave and radio frequency technology, and in particular relates to an integrated device of a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended strip. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic technology, high-speed, high-sensitivity, and highly integrated semiconductor devices and circuits are increasingly widely used in various electronic devices and systems. This has significantly increased the electromagnetic susceptibility of modern electronic devices and systems, particularly wireless communication devices and systems. This trend means that strong electromagnetic pulses pose a serious threat to the normal operation of wireless communication devices and systems, highlighting the importance of electromagnetic protection.

[0003] The main mechanism by which strong electromagnetic pulses interfere with or even damage wireless communication equipment and systems lies in the electromagnetic coupling between the electromagnetic pulse and the equipment or system. This coupling generates high voltage and high current inside the equipment or system, which in turn interferes with, damages, or burns out electronic components, leading to equipment logic disorder, control failure, or malfunction.

[0004] The coupling pathways of strong electromagnetic pulses (ESPs) to wireless communication devices and systems can be mainly divided into two categories: front-door coupling and back-door coupling. Front-door coupling enters the device or system through receiving devices such as antennas; back-door coupling enters through media such as interconnecting cables and gaps. Although devices or systems are usually designed to withstand electromagnetic interference and use metal casings with good shielding effectiveness, antennas, because they need to communicate with the outside world, must be exposed to the electromagnetic environment. When exposed to strong EMP radiation, the magnitude of front-door coupling through the antenna port can be very large, especially when the operating frequency band is within the irradiation band of the strong EMP, its coupling magnitude will be much higher than other coupling pathways. Therefore, the radio frequency (RF) front end becomes a key target in electromagnetic protection design, and electromagnetic hardening design to improve its resistance to damage is extremely necessary.

[0005] However, the mainstream PIN diodes currently used for limiting functions have the problem of insufficient applicable frequency range. For multi-frequency broadband communication systems with high-power protection requirements, different PIN diodes need to be used for each channel to protect downstream circuits. This leads to an increase in the number of antennas, and the size and cost of the RF transceiver also increase accordingly. Therefore, in RF front-end devices that require protection against high-power signals, the integrated design of limiting circuits and RF microwave devices has become a design challenge and an important demand. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an integrated device for a trip switch and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire, which aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The device includes a current detection circuit and a trip drive circuit, and through the coordinated work of the various components, it achieves effective protection of the power system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application provide an integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire, comprising:

[0008] The suspended stripline tripper is constructed using a metal cavity and a dielectric substrate. The interior of the metal cavity is filled with air, and the dielectric substrate is suspended within the metal cavity. The suspended stripline tripper includes one input port and three output ports, namely a first output port, a second output port, and a third output port. The transmission frequency band of the first output port is DC to 2GHz; the transmission frequency band of the second output port is 2GHz to 4GHz; and the transmission frequency band of the third output port is 4GHz to 6.5GHz.

[0009] A first step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate between the input port and the first output port, and the input port and the first output port are connected by parallel plate capacitors distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate.

[0010] A second step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate between the input port and the second output port, and the input port and the second output port are connected by parallel plate capacitors distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate.

[0011] A third step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate between the input port and the third output port. The input port and the third output port are connected by parallel plate capacitors distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate. The third step impedance resonator group is connected by a series inductor, which is equivalent to a high impedance thin wire.

[0012] A fourth step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate between the first and second step impedance resonator groups. The fourth step impedance resonator group is connected by a series inductor, which is equivalent to a high-impedance thin wire. Each step impedance resonator group consists of three step impedance resonators connected in parallel. Each step impedance resonator is used to generate a transmission zero outside the transmission frequency band.

[0013] The device also includes a limiting circuit, which is placed at the three output ports of the suspended wire tripod.

[0014] The method described in the embodiments of this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0015] Furthermore, the connectors for the input ports and the three output ports are SMA coaxial RF connectors.

[0016] Furthermore, the input port and all three output ports are equipped with transmission lines for matching external circuits, and the resistance of the transmission lines is 50Ω.

[0017] Furthermore, the metal cavity is composed of upper and lower metal cover plates, and each output port has a metal patch inside the metal cavity, through which the upper and lower metal cover plates are connected to the dielectric substrate.

[0018] Furthermore, each output port has a PIN diode inside its metal cavity, positioned between the metal patch and the transmission line.

[0019] The integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] The suspended stripline tripod of this application embodiment has one input port and three output ports, corresponding to different transmission frequency bands (DC~2GHz, 2GHz~4GHz, 4GHz~6.5GHz), which can effectively separate the input signal to the corresponding output port according to different frequency bands, meet the needs of multi-band communication systems, and improve the flexibility and efficiency of signal processing. It is constructed with a metal cavity and a dielectric substrate, with the dielectric substrate suspended in the metal cavity. This structure makes the overall structure of the device compact and occupies little space, which is beneficial for application in miniaturized electronic devices. By setting a stepped impedance resonator group on the dielectric substrate between the input port and each output port and connecting it with a parallel plate capacitor, the signal transmission characteristics can be optimized, signal loss and reflection can be reduced, and the quality and stability of signal transmission can be improved. Meanwhile, the step impedance resonator is used to generate transmission zeros outside the transmission frequency band, which helps to suppress interference signals outside the band and improve frequency band selectivity. The third and fourth step impedance resonator groups are connected by a series inductance equivalent to a high-impedance thin wire. This connection method can further adjust the characteristics of the resonators and optimize the performance parameters of the tripod, making it better suited to different application scenarios. The limiting circuit is placed at the three output ports of the suspended wire tripod, which can effectively limit the amplitude of the output signal, prevent excessive signals from damaging subsequent circuits, and improve the reliability and stability of the entire system.

[0021] The input port and three output ports in this embodiment are SMA coaxial RF connectors, which are widely used standardized RF connectors with good electrical performance and mechanical stability, facilitating connection and integration with other RF devices. The input port and three output ports are equipped with 50Ω transmission lines for matching external circuits, which can reduce signal reflection at the interface, improve signal transmission efficiency, and ensure good signal transmission between different circuits.

[0022] The metal cavity in this embodiment consists of upper and lower metal cover plates. Each output port has a metal patch inside its metal cavity, which connects the upper and lower metal cover plates to the dielectric substrate. This design enhances the structural stability of the device and improves its mechanical strength and reliability. Each output port has a PIN diode inside its metal cavity, which is located between the metal patch and the transmission line. The PIN diode has variable resistance characteristics and can be used to realize functions such as signal switching and attenuation, providing possibilities for the functional expansion of the device, such as realizing dynamic signal control or protection functions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the integrated device for a suspension wire-based tripod and a limiting circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top structure of the integrated device for a suspension wire-based tripod and a limiting circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 4 The simulation diagram illustrates the transmission and reflection characteristics of the integrated device for a three-way converter and a limiting circuit based on a suspended stripline according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 5 When the input waveform is a 40dBm continuous wave in the time domain, the time domain waveforms output by the three output ports are respectively.

[0028] Figure 6 The output waveform of a single output port when a 60dBm (pulse width 10μs, period 1ms) pulse signal is input.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Metal cavity; 2. Dielectric substrate; 3. Step impedance resonator; 4. Series inductor; 5. Upper and lower parallel plate capacitors; 6. Transmission line; 7. SMA coaxial RF connector; 7-1. Input port; 7-2. First output port; 7-3. Second output port; 7-4. Third output port; 8. Metal patch; 9. PIN diode. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not the entire structure. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0032] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an integrated device for a suspended wire tripod and a limiting circuit, mainly composed of a suspended wire tripod and a limiting circuit. The entire device is encapsulated in a metal casing, which serves to provide electromagnetic shielding and protect the internal components.

[0034] The suspended wire transfer switch consists of a metal cavity 1 and a dielectric substrate 2. The metal cavity 1 comprises upper and lower metal cover plates, which are tightly connected by bolts or other fasteners to form a closed cavity structure filled with air. The dielectric substrate 2 is made of a material with good dielectric properties, such as Rogers 5880B board, with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.254 mm. The dielectric substrate 2 is suspended in the metal cavity 1 by metal patches 8. The metal patches 8 are made of copper and are fixed to the dielectric substrate 2 and the upper and lower metal cover plates by welding or bonding, ensuring that the dielectric substrate 2 is stably suspended inside the metal cavity 1.

[0035] The device has one input port 7-1 and three output ports: the first output port 7-2, the second output port 7-3, and the third output port 7-4. All connectors for the input port 7-1 and the three output ports are SMA coaxial RF connectors 7, which offer advantages such as reliable connection and stable electrical performance, facilitating connection with other RF devices. Each input port 7-1 and the three output ports is equipped with a 50Ω transmission line 6 for matching external circuits and reducing signal reflection at the interface. The transmission line 6 is in microstrip form, printed on the dielectric substrate 2, and its width is calculated based on the 50Ω characteristic impedance.

[0036] A first step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate 2 between the input port 7-1 and the first output port 7-2. Each step impedance resonator group consists of three step impedance resonators 3 connected in parallel. The step impedance resonators 3 adopt a microstrip line structure, and different impedance characteristics are achieved by changing the width and length of the microstrip line. The input port 7-1 and the first output port 7-2 are connected by parallel plate capacitors 5 distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate 2. The parallel plate capacitors 5 are formed by metal patches 8 on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate 2. The metal patches 8 are separated by the dielectric substrate 2 to form a capacitive effect.

[0037] A second step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate 2 between the input port 7-1 and the second output port 7-3. Its structure and connection method are similar to those of the first step impedance resonator group. The input port 7-1 and the second output port 7-3 are also connected by parallel plate capacitors 5 distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate 2.

[0038] A third step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate 2 between input port 7-1 and the third output port 7-4. The third step impedance resonator group is connected by a series inductor 4, which is equivalent to a high-impedance thin wire. The high-impedance thin wire is implemented using a narrow microstrip line, and the equivalent inductance value is controlled by adjusting the length and width of the microstrip line. Input port 7-1 and the third output port 7-4 are also connected by parallel plate capacitors 5 distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate 2.

[0039] A fourth step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate 2 between the first and second step impedance resonator groups. The fourth step impedance resonator groups are connected by a series inductor 4, which is also equivalent to a high-impedance thin wire.

[0040] Each step impedance resonator 3 is used to generate a transmission zero outside the transmission frequency band. By reasonably designing the parameters of the step impedance resonator 3, the transmission frequency band of the first output port 7-2 is DC to 2GHz, the transmission frequency band of the second output port 7-3 is 2GHz to 4GHz, and the transmission frequency band of the third output port 7-4 is 4GHz to 6.5GHz, and interference signals outside the frequency band can be effectively suppressed.

[0041] The limiting circuit is placed at the three output ports of the suspended line tripper. The limiting circuit uses a PIN diode 9 limiter; a PIN diode 9 is installed inside the metal cavity 1 of each output port, positioned between the metal patch 8 and the transmission line 6. Under normal operating conditions, the PIN diode 9 presents a high impedance state, having minimal impact on signal transmission. When the input signal amplitude exceeds a certain threshold, the PIN diode 9 quickly conducts, presenting a low impedance state, limiting the excessive signal amplitude within a certain range, thereby protecting subsequent circuitry from damage.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the specific parameters of the integrated device for the tripod and limiting circuit based on the suspended wire in this application embodiment are as follows:

[0043] The high-pass filter path capacitor utilizes the advantage of the suspended strip allowing for vertical wiring, forming a parallel plate capacitor with w3 = 1mm. The low-pass filter path inductor uses a high-impedance stub equivalent inductance, w5 = 0.2mm. A three-stage SIR resonator is employed to increase out-of-band transmission zeros, effectively increasing sideband isolation for high-power input and improving limiting power. The SIR stub dimensions are: l1 = 3.02mm, w6 = 6.57mm, l2 = 3.74mm, w7 = 3.09mm, l3 = 4.44mm, w8 = 5.02mm, l4 = 3.19mm, w9 = 3.82mm, l5 = 5.86mm, w... 10 =4.20mm, l6=2.70mm, w 11 =6.45mm, l7=5.08mm, w 12 =8.57mm, l8=3.10mm, w 13 =2.03mm, l9=14.50mm, w 14 =3.38mm, l 10 =8.44mm, w 15 =10.08mm, l 11 =13.72mm, w 20 =5.83mm, l 12 =16.28mm, w 21 =18.32mm.

[0044] The port uses an SMA coaxial RF connector 7 for connection, so a 50Ω linewidth transmission line 6 is used for connection at the port. Since the characteristic impedance of the suspended cable is mainly determined by the height of the upper and lower ideal conductors, sufficient height needs to be reserved at the port because an SMA coaxial RF structure needs to be connected. The height can be reduced when entering the interior, w1 = 7.5mm, w2 = w4 = 1.57mm.

[0045] First, the upper and lower metal cover plates of the metal cavity 1 are fabricated according to the design requirements and surface treated to ensure the flatness and conductivity of the metal cover plates. Then, microstrip lines, stepped impedance resonators 3, parallel plate capacitors 5, and other circuit structures are printed on the dielectric substrate 2 and etched to form the required circuit pattern. Next, the dielectric substrate 2 is suspended in the metal cavity 1 by metal patches 8, and SMA coaxial RF connectors 7 are soldered to the corresponding port positions. Simultaneously, PIN diodes 9 are soldered between the metal patches 8 and the transmission line 6, completing the assembly of the device.

[0046] The S-parameters of the device, including insertion loss, return loss, and isolation, were tested using network analyzers and other testing equipment. Based on the test results, the parameters of the step impedance resonator 3 were fine-tuned, such as adjusting the length and width of the microstrip line, to optimize the performance of the tripod and meet the transmission requirements of different frequency bands. The limiting circuit was debugged by adjusting parameters such as the operating current of the PIN diode 9 to ensure that the limiting circuit could activate its limiting function under appropriate signal amplitude without affecting the transmission of normal signals.

[0047] Specifically, in this application embodiment, the relevant performance indicators of the device are simulated using the three-dimensional structural electromagnetic field simulation software ANSYS ElectronicsDesktop and Advanced Design System:

[0048] Experiment 1 simulates the transmission performance of the initially designed suspended stripline triode, including the return loss S. 11 Insertion loss S 21 S 31 S 41 The microwave part of the simulation was completed, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0049] Experiment 2 involved integrating a limiting circuit module with a microwave circuit design. An S4P file was exported from ANSYS Electronics Desktop and then imported into the Advanced Design System for field-circuit co-simulation to verify its limiting performance. The results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0050] according to Figure 4The transmission results of the suspended stripline triplexer shown show that, in the ultra-wideband frequency range from DC to 6.5 GHz, the insertion loss from the input port 7-1 to the three output ports is less than 1 dB. Using the device of the embodiment of this application, good RF transmission performance can be guaranteed in the ultra-wideband frequency range from DC to 6.5 GHz. Compared with other existing broadband triplexers of the transmission line 6 type, the insertion loss is reduced by nearly 30%.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the device using the embodiments of this application not only has the suppression effect of a filter in the stopband, but the limiter can also generate a limiting effect on high-power signals through the conductivity change characteristics. For continuous wave: when the average power input is 40dBm, the output voltage at the output end is 4.125V, and the output voltages of the other two isolated ports are 0.200V and 0.207V. After limiting, the output power at the output port is 25.32dBm, which can achieve a limiting effect of close to 15dBm. The other two inputs also have the same limiting effect. For strong electromagnetic pulse (pulse width 10μs, period 1ms): when the average power input is 60dBm, the output voltage at the output end is 2.034V, and the output power after limiting is 19.18dBm. For pulse signals, it can achieve a limiting effect of close to 21dBm. Compared with the existing technology, the embodiments of this application can simultaneously achieve wide bandwidth, miniaturization and limiting effect.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0053] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device integrating a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire, characterized in that, include: A suspended stripline tripod is constructed using a metal cavity (1) and a dielectric substrate (2). The interior of the metal cavity (1) is filled with air, and the dielectric substrate (2) is suspended within the metal cavity (1). The suspended stripline tripod includes one input port (7-1) and three output ports, namely a first output port (7-2), a second output port (7-3), and a third output port (7-4). The first output port (7-2) has a transmission frequency band of DC to 2GHz; the second output port (7-3) has a transmission frequency band of 2GHz to 4GHz; and the third output port (7-4) has a transmission frequency band of 4GHz to 6.5GHz. A first step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate (2) between the input port (7-1) and the first output port (7-2), and the input port (7-1) and the first output port (7-2) are connected by parallel plate capacitors (5) distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate (2). A second step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate (2) between the input port (7-1) and the second output port (7-3). The input port (7-1) and the second output port (7-3) are connected by parallel plate capacitors (5) distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate (2). A third step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate (2) between the input port (7-1) and the third output port (7-4). The input port (7-1) and the third output port (7-4) are connected by parallel plate capacitors (5) distributed on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate (2). The third step impedance resonator group is connected by a series inductor (4), which is equivalent to a high impedance thin wire. A fourth step impedance resonator group is provided on the dielectric substrate (2) between the first step impedance resonator group and the second step impedance resonator group. The fourth step impedance resonator group is connected by a series inductor (4), which is equivalent to a high-impedance thin wire. Each step impedance resonator group consists of three step impedance resonators (3) connected in parallel. Each step impedance resonator (3) is used to generate a transmission zero outside the transmission frequency band. The device also includes a limiting circuit, which is placed at the three output ports of the suspended wire tripod.

2. The integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connectors for the input port (7-1) and the three output ports are SMA coaxial RF connectors (7).

3. The integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The input port (7-1) and the three output ports are each provided with a transmission line (6) for matching external circuits, and the resistance of the transmission line (6) is 50Ω.

4. The integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended cable as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The metal cavity (1) is composed of upper and lower metal cover plates. Each metal cavity (1) of the output port is provided with a metal patch (8), and the upper and lower metal cover plates are connected to the dielectric substrate (2) through the metal patch (8).

5. The integrated device for a tripod and a limiting circuit based on a suspended wire as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the output ports has a metal cavity (1) with a PIN diode (9) inside, which is located between the metal patch (8) and the transmission line (6).

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