High-temperature flue gas dust removal system and waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses high temperature flue gas dust removal system and waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, solve the technical problem of avoiding the caking of modified powder in the storage and conveying process, injecting into the dust removal flue gas and causing the local temperature fluctuation. Contain flue gas dust removal equipment and be used for the modified powder conveying equipment for injecting the modified powder for adjusting and optimizing the easy gas solid separation characteristic of the dust removal flue gas of dust removal flue gas of flue gas dust removal equipment to the dust removal flue gas of flue gas dust removal equipment, the modified powder conveying equipment contains the feeding tank, the flow state fluidization temperature control storehouse and the pneumatic conveyer connected in proper order from top to bottom, and the bottom discharge port of feeding tank is equipped with the first discharge valve between the top feed port on flow state fluidization temperature control storehouse, and the bottom discharge port of flow state fluidization temperature control storehouse is equipped with the second discharge valve between the top feed port of pneumatic conveyer, wherein, flow state fluidization temperature control storehouse is used for temporarily storing the modified powder from feeding tank in inert gas environment and heating and promoting the temperature of modified powder to the set temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flue gas purification and treatment technology, specifically to a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system and a waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the recycling and resource utilization of spent power batteries has become a global focus. Dry battery recycling technology, due to its short process and wide adaptability, has become one of the mainstream technical routes. Its process typically includes dismantling and sorting, battery pretreatment, high-temperature pyrolysis (or oxidative roasting), and subsequent classification and recycling. In the core high-temperature pyrolysis (or oxidative roasting) stage, the electrolyte, separator, binder, and other organic materials in the battery decompose at temperatures of 400℃-900℃, releasing large amounts of harmful gases, such as hydrogen fluoride (HF), phosphorus pentafluoride, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represented by non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC). Simultaneously, this process also produces high concentrations (up to 50g / Nm³). 3 Solid black powder (even higher) refers to valuable metal dust. These dust particles are small, irregularly shaped, and highly adhesive.

[0003] Traditional high-temperature flue gas dust removal technologies, such as mechanical dust removal, electrostatic dust removal, and high-temperature flue gas filtration, face challenges when dealing with the complex, high-temperature, and easily adherent flue gas from waste battery pyrolysis. Waste battery pyrolysis flue gas contains a large amount of easily adherent and caking substances, which can easily clog filter elements, leading to difficulties in cleaning, a rapid increase in pressure differential, and a shortened lifespan of the filter elements. To overcome these challenges, certain modified powders can be injected into the flue gas to be treated by the flue gas dust removal equipment to improve its gas-solid separation characteristics. However, the inventors have found that if the modified powders are directly injected into the flue gas, the following problems can easily occur: the modified powders are prone to moisture absorption and agglomeration during storage and transportation, resulting in poor flowability and difficulty in stable metering and transportation; when relatively low-temperature modified powders are injected into high-temperature flue gas, it may cause local temperature fluctuations near the injection point, or even cause premature or rapid condensation of some substances, which in turn exacerbates the clogging and adhesion problems of pipelines and dust removal equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system and a waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, solving the technical problems of avoiding clumping of modified powders during storage and transportation, and preventing local temperature fluctuations caused by injection into the flue gas to be dusted.

[0005] In a first aspect, a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system includes a flue gas dust removal device and a modified powder conveying device for injecting a modified powder, used to adjust and optimize the gas-solid separation characteristics of the flue gas to be dusted into the flue gas to be dusted by the flue gas dust removal device; the modified powder conveying device includes a feeding tank, a fluidized bed temperature control chamber, and a pneumatic conveyor connected sequentially from top to bottom; a first discharge valve is provided between the bottom discharge port of the feeding tank and the top inlet of the fluidized bed temperature control chamber; a second discharge valve is provided between the bottom discharge port of the fluidized bed temperature control chamber and the top inlet of the pneumatic conveyor; wherein, the fluidized bed temperature control chamber is used to temporarily store the modified powder from the feeding tank in an inert gas environment and heat the temperature of the modified powder to a set temperature range; and the pneumatic conveyor is used to inject the modified powder from the fluidized bed temperature control chamber into the flue gas to be dusted under the carrying capacity of the inert gas.

[0006] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, further: the fluidized bed temperature control chamber has a heating and insulation jacket disposed outside the chamber body.

[0007] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, further: the fluidized bed temperature control chamber is equipped with an inert gas input structure, and a pressure equalization structure is provided between the fluidized bed temperature control chamber and the feeding tank.

[0008] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, further: the flue gas dust removal equipment includes a high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector, the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector adopts a high-temperature resistant filter element, and the modified powder conveying equipment includes a first modified powder output pipeline for injecting modified powder into the flue gas to be dusted in the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector.

[0009] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, further: the flue gas dust removal equipment also includes a mechanical dust collector connected in series before the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector to serve as a pre-dust removal device for the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector; the modified powder conveying equipment also includes a second modified powder output pipeline for injecting modified powder into the flue gas to be dusted by the mechanical dust collector.

[0010] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, further: the mechanical dust collector adopts a cyclone dust collector.

[0011] The second aspect is a waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, including a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system connected to a waste battery pyrolysis furnace to treat the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas emitted from the furnace, wherein the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system adopts the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system of the first aspect above.

[0012] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system specifically includes a settling device, a waste heat recovery device, a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, a fan, a spray cooling device, an acid removal device, and a VOC treatment device connected in series along the treatment direction of the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas; the ash discharge ports of the settling device, the waste heat recovery device, and the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system are respectively connected to the ash silo.

[0013] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, further: the ash discharge ports of the settling device, the waste heat recovery device, and the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system are each connected to an independent ash tank, and these ash tanks are respectively connected to the ash silo.

[0014] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, further: the spray cooling device is a spray cooling device that uses alkaline solution as the spray liquid.

[0015] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the above-mentioned waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, further: the modified powder is made of calcined kaolin or activated bentonite.

[0016] The high-temperature flue gas dust removal system provided by this utility model uses a modified powder conveying device (including a feeding tank, a fluidized bed temperature control chamber, and a pneumatic conveyor). The fluidized bed temperature control chamber temporarily stores the modified powder (such as calcined kaolin or activated bentonite) in an inert gas environment and preheats it to a set temperature, thus avoiding the problems of clumping of the modified powder during storage and transportation and local temperature fluctuations caused by its injection into the flue gas to be dusted.

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages provided by the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-modified powder conveying and distribution equipment.

[0020] The following are marked in the diagram: 1. Waste battery pyrolysis furnace; 2. Black powder (valuable dust) collection system; 3. Modified powder conveying equipment; 31. Feeding tank; 32. Fluidized temperature control chamber; 33. Pneumatic conveyor; 4. Settling device; 5. Waste heat recovery device; 6. Cyclone dust collector; 7. High-temperature flue gas filter dust collector; 8. Fan; 9. Spray cooling device; 10. Deacidification device; 11. VOC treatment device; 12. Ash hopper #1; 13. Ash hopper #2; 14. Ash hopper #3; 15. Ash silo; 16. Chimney; 17. Wastewater treatment system; 18. Downstream section. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0022] The technical solutions and features provided in the various sections, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, where possible, these technical solutions, features, and related combinations can be given specific technical subject matter and protected by relevant patents.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention described below are generally only some embodiments and not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of patent protection.

[0024] The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification, the corresponding claims, and related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. Other related terms and units can be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, including a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system connected to a waste battery pyrolysis furnace 1 to treat the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas emitted from the furnace 1. A black powder (valuable dust) collection system 2 is connected to the bottom of the waste battery pyrolysis furnace 1 for collecting the black powder (valuable dust).

[0026] The waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system consists of a settling device 4, a waste heat recovery device 5, a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, a fan 8, a spray cooling device 9, an acid removal device 10, and a VOC treatment device 11, connected in series along the treatment direction of the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas. Among them, the ash discharge ports of the settling device 4, the waste heat recovery device 5, and the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system are respectively connected to independent ash tanks (i.e., ash tank 12, ash tank 23, and ash tank 34), and these ash tanks are respectively connected to ash silos 15.

[0027] The high-temperature flue gas dust removal system includes flue gas dust removal equipment and modified powder conveying equipment 3. The flue gas dust removal equipment includes a mechanical dust collector and a high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector 7. The mechanical dust collector is connected in series before the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector 7 as a pre-dust removal device. In this embodiment, the mechanical dust collector is a cyclone dust collector 6, and the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector 7 uses high-temperature resistant filter elements (metal filter elements or ceramic filter elements).

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the modified powder conveying and distributing equipment 3 includes a feeding tank 31, a fluidized bed temperature-controlled chamber 32, and a pneumatic conveyor 33 connected sequentially from top to bottom. A first discharge valve is provided between the bottom discharge port of the feeding tank 31 and the top inlet of the fluidized bed temperature-controlled chamber 32, and a second discharge valve is provided between the bottom discharge port of the fluidized bed temperature-controlled chamber 32 and the top inlet of the pneumatic conveyor 33. The fluidized bed temperature-controlled chamber 32 is used to temporarily store the modified powder from the feeding tank 31 in an inert gas environment and heat the modified powder to a set temperature range. The pneumatic conveyor 33 is used to inject the modified powder from the fluidized bed temperature-controlled chamber 32 into the flue gas to be dusted under the carrying effect of the inert gas.

[0029] The fluidized bed temperature control chamber 32 has a heating and insulation jacket located outside the chamber body. This jacket can heat the modified powder inside the chamber using electric heating elements or a heat-conducting medium. The chamber 32 is equipped with an inert gas input structure to introduce inert gas (such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide) into the chamber, creating an inert gas environment. A pressure equalization structure is also provided between the chamber 32 and the feeding tank 31 to ensure pressure balance between them.

[0030] The modified powder conveying and distributing equipment 3 also includes a first modified powder output pipeline for injecting modified powder into the flue gas to be cleaned in the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector 7, and a second modified powder output pipeline for injecting modified powder into the flue gas to be cleaned in the cyclone dust collector 6. The pneumatic conveyor 33 injects the preheated modified powder into the inlet flue of the cyclone dust collector 6 and the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector 7 respectively through the first and second modified powder output pipelines, thereby achieving modified powder distribution for the two-stage dust removal equipment.

[0031] In this embodiment, the modified powder is calcined kaolin or activated bentonite, which possess excellent adsorption properties and the ability to regulate gas-solid separation characteristics. Calcined kaolin and activated bentonite offer several advantages as modified powders: First, they have a porous structure and large specific surface area, effectively adsorbing fine particulate matter and certain harmful gas components from waste battery pyrolysis flue gas; second, they have a strong affinity for metal ions, capturing valuable metal dust from waste battery pyrolysis flue gas; third, they exhibit good thermal stability, resisting decomposition or denaturation at high temperatures; fourth, they effectively alter the surface properties of fine dust in the flue gas, reducing dust adhesion and promoting dust aggregation, thereby improving gas-solid separation efficiency; finally, calcined kaolin and activated bentonite, as natural mineral materials, are widely available, relatively low in cost, environmentally friendly, and align with the concept of resource recycling.

[0032] The spray cooling device 9 uses alkaline solution as the spraying liquid, which helps to further neutralize acidic substances in the flue gas from the pyrolysis of waste batteries. The working principle of the spray cooling device 9 is to achieve rapid cooling of the flue gas through direct contact heat exchange between the liquid and the gas. In this device, the alkaline solution (usually sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide solution) is sprayed into the high-temperature flue gas through nozzles in the form of fine droplets. Heat exchange occurs between the droplets and the flue gas; the liquid absorbs heat and evaporates, while the flue gas temperature rapidly decreases. Furthermore, the alkaline spraying process can also simultaneously achieve preliminary neutralization and absorption of some acidic substances (such as HF, SO2, etc.) in the flue gas, reducing the processing burden on subsequent acid removal units. After contact with the acidic gas components, the alkaline solution forms corresponding salts, which dissolve in the spraying liquid and are discharged from the system.

[0033] The working principle of the acid removal unit 10 is based on acid-base neutralization. It uses an alkaline absorbent (such as lime or sodium carbonate) to chemically react with acidic substances in the flue gas from waste battery pyrolysis, converting these harmful substances into stable salts for removal. The acid removal unit 10 typically employs a packed tower or spray tower structure to ensure sufficient gas-liquid contact and improve the removal efficiency of acidic substances. During the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment process, the acid removal unit 10 primarily targets acidic gases such as hydrogen fluoride (HF), phosphorus pentafluoride, and sulfur dioxide, ensuring that the emitted gases meet environmental protection requirements. The waste liquid generated during the acid removal process is rich in various salts and requires further treatment through the wastewater treatment system 17.

[0034] VOC treatment device 11 is mainly used to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the flue gas of waste battery pyrolysis. Its working principle can be divided into several types depending on the specific technical route, including catalytic oxidation and adsorption. In catalytic oxidation, the flue gas passes through a catalyst bed containing precious metal or transition metal oxides, where VOCs are oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water at a relatively low temperature. Adsorption utilizes materials such as activated carbon to physically adsorb VOCs, achieving purification. The selection of VOC treatment device 11 requires comprehensive consideration of the composition and concentration of VOCs in the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas, as well as the treatment requirements. After treatment by VOC treatment device 11, the gas, meeting all pollutant standards, is discharged through chimney 16.

[0035] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: The waste battery pyrolysis flue gas emitted from the waste battery pyrolysis furnace 1 first enters the settling device 4 for preliminary particulate matter settling, and then passes through the waste heat recovery device 5 to recover part of the heat energy. Next, the flue gas with a temperature of 200℃-300℃ enters the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system. Before this, the modified powder is sent to the fluidized bed temperature control chamber 32 through the feeding tank 31, and is heated to the set temperature range in an inert gas environment. Subsequently, it is injected into the flue gas to be dusted through the pneumatic conveyor 33 and the corresponding modified powder output pipeline. The preheated modified powder is fully mixed with the flue gas to be dusted, improving the gas-solid separation characteristics of the flue gas to be dusted. The flue gas to be dusted sequentially passes through a cyclone dust collector 6 and a high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector 7 for dust removal. Then, powered by a fan 8, it enters a spray cooling device 9 for cooling, followed by a deacidification device 10 to remove acidic substances. Finally, after being treated by a VOC treatment device 11 for volatile organic compounds, it is discharged through a chimney 16 in compliance with emission standards. Wastewater from the bottom of the spray cooling device 9 and the deacidification device 10 enters a wastewater treatment system 17 for further treatment. Dust in the ash silo 15 enters the downstream section 18 for further treatment.

[0036] Because the fluidized bed temperature control chamber 32 temporarily stores the modified powder in an inert gas environment and heats the powder to a set temperature range, it effectively avoids the problems of powder clumping during storage and transportation, as well as local temperature fluctuations caused by injection into the flue gas to be treated. This design significantly improves the dust removal efficiency and stability of the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas treatment system, and solves the problems of easy clogging of filter elements, difficult dust removal, rapid increase in differential pressure, and shortened service life in traditional technologies.

[0037] The foregoing has described the relevant content of this utility model. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement this utility model based on these descriptions. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing content of this specification without inventive effort should fall within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-temperature flue gas dedusting system comprising a flue gas dedusting device and a modifying powder feeding device for injecting a modifying powder into flue gas to be dedusted by said flue gas dedusting device, the modifying powder being used to adjust and optimize the easy gas-solid separation characteristics of the flue gas to be dedusted; characterized in that: The modified powder conveying equipment includes a feeding tank, a fluidized bed temperature control chamber, and a pneumatic conveyor connected sequentially from top to bottom. A first discharge valve is provided between the bottom discharge port of the feeding tank and the top inlet of the fluidized bed temperature control chamber, and a second discharge valve is provided between the bottom discharge port of the fluidized bed temperature control chamber and the top inlet of the pneumatic conveyor. The fluidized bed temperature control chamber is used to temporarily store the modified powder from the feeding tank in an inert gas environment and heat the temperature of the modified powder to a set temperature range. The pneumatic conveyor is used to inject the modified powder from the fluidized bed temperature control chamber into the flue gas to be dusted under the carrying capacity of the inert gas.

2. The high temperature flue gas dedusting system of claim 1, wherein: The fluidized bed temperature control chamber has a heating and insulation jacket installed outside the chamber body.

3. The high temperature flue gas dedusting system of claim 1, wherein: The fluidized bed temperature control chamber is equipped with an inert gas input structure, and a pressure equalization structure is provided between the fluidized bed temperature control chamber and the feeding tank.

4. The high temperature flue gas dedusting system of claim 1, wherein: The flue gas dust removal equipment includes a high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector, which employs a high-temperature resistant filter element. The modified powder conveying and distributing equipment includes a first modified powder output pipeline for injecting modified powder into the flue gas to be dusted by the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector.

5. The high temperature flue gas dedusting system of claim 4, wherein: The flue gas dust removal equipment further includes a mechanical dust collector connected in series before the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector, thus serving as a pre-dust removal device for the high-temperature flue gas filter dust collector; the modified powder conveying and distributing equipment further includes a second modified powder output pipeline for injecting modified powder into the flue gas to be dusted by the mechanical dust collector.

6. The high temperature flue gas dedusting system of claim 5, wherein: The mechanical dust collector is a cyclone dust collector.

7. A system for treating spent battery pyrolysis flue gas, comprising a high-temperature flue gas dedusting system connected to a spent battery pyrolysis furnace to treat spent battery pyrolysis flue gas discharged from the spent battery pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: The high-temperature flue gas dust removal system adopts the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The system for treating pyrolysis flue gas of waste batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system includes a settling device, a waste heat recovery device, a high-temperature flue gas dust removal system, a fan, a spray cooling device, an acid removal device, and a VOC treatment device, which are connected in series along the treatment direction of the waste battery pyrolysis flue gas. The ash discharge ports of the settling device, the waste heat recovery device, and the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system are respectively connected to the ash silo.

9. The system for treating pyrolysis flue gas of waste batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ash discharge ports of the settling device, the waste heat recovery device, and the high-temperature flue gas dust removal system are each connected to an independent ash hopper, and these ash hoppers are respectively connected to the ash bin.

10. The system for treating pyrolysis flue gas of waste batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spray cooling device is a spray cooling device that uses alkaline solution as the spray liquid; and / or, the modified powder is calcined kaolin or activated bentonite.

Images