Impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator

Abstract

This utility model relates to an impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator. The utility model includes a mounting body with a hollow cavity. The hollow cavity includes a mounting bottom surface and a mounting top surface opposite to each other, the mounting top surface having an opening; a bottom elastic body mounted on the mounting bottom surface; an upper elastic body mounted on the mounting top surface; a load-bearing central shaft, with its first end extending out of the opening and its second end extending into the hollow cavity; an intermediate elastic component connected to and in contact with the second end of the load-bearing central shaft; an elastic element sleeved on the bottom elastic body and abutting against both the mounting bottom surface and the intermediate elastic component, with a predetermined gap between the intermediate elastic component and the bottom elastic body; and a wear-resistant ring sleeved on the outer periphery of the intermediate elastic component and in contact with the inner wall of the mounting body. This utility model can achieve both low-frequency vibration isolation and high-frequency damping, as well as variable stiffness vibration isolation and strong impact resistance, and has a simple structure, facilitating installation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration isolator technology, and in particular to an impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator. Background Technology

[0002] Vibration isolators are widely used in machinery, electronics, transportation, aerospace and other fields to isolate and attenuate vibrations and shocks from mechanical structures or the environment, ensuring the normal operation of precision instruments and equipment and improving system reliability and service life. With the development of industrial automation and high-precision equipment, vibration isolators not only need to have good vibration reduction performance, but also need to take into account shock resistance and multi-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation characteristics to meet the application requirements under complex working conditions.

[0003] Existing vibration isolators mostly employ a single type of elastomer or damping material in their structural design. For example, traditional rubber vibration isolators rely on the elasticity and damping properties of rubber to achieve vibration isolation. While simple in structure and easy to manufacture, they suffer from drawbacks such as poor stiffness adjustment capability. Metal-rubber vibration isolators, using metal mesh as the main material, possess advantages such as resistance to high and low temperatures, corrosion resistance, high damping, and long service life, and have found some applications in aerospace, military, and other fields. However, metal-rubber vibration isolators struggle to simultaneously achieve both low-frequency isolation and high-frequency damping, and their stiffness and damping characteristics are difficult to adjust flexibly according to actual operating conditions, thus limiting their vibration isolation efficiency. Furthermore, some existing vibration isolators have complex structures, numerous components, and occupy a large space, making them unsuitable for integrated installation in limited spaces and increasing the difficulty and cost of later maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this utility model provides an impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator that can achieve both low-frequency vibration isolation and high-frequency damping, as well as variable stiffness vibration isolation and strong impact resistance. It also has a simple structure and is easy to install and maintain.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides an impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator, comprising:

[0006] The mounting body is provided with a hollow cavity, the hollow cavity including a mounting bottom end face and a mounting top end face disposed opposite to each other, the mounting top end face having an opening;

[0007] A bottom elastomer is installed on the mounting bottom end face;

[0008] An upper elastic body is mounted on the mounting surface.

[0009] The bearing center shaft includes a first end and a second end that are disposed opposite to each other. The first end of the bearing center shaft extends out of the opening, and the second end of the bearing center shaft extends into the hollow cavity.

[0010] An intermediate elastic component is connected to the second end of the bearing central shaft and is capable of contacting the second end of the bearing central shaft;

[0011] An elastic element is sleeved on the bottom elastic body and abuts against the mounting bottom end face and the intermediate elastic component respectively. The elastic element can provide a force for the second end of the bearing central shaft to approach and contact the upper elastic body. The intermediate elastic component and the bottom elastic body have a predetermined gap.

[0012] The wear-resistant ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the intermediate elastic component and contacts the inner wall of the mounting body.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, both the bottom elastomer and the upper elastomer are conical and contract along their opposite sides.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, the bottom elastic body and the upper elastic body are provided with a central cavity along the conical axial direction.

[0015] In one embodiment of this utility model, the elastic element is a conical spring, and it is in a contracted state toward the upper elastic body.

[0016] In one embodiment of this utility model, a lower pressure plate is also included, the intermediate elastic component includes an annular elastic element, an upper pressure plate is provided at the second end of the bearing central shaft, and the annular elastic element is pre-compressed between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate.

[0017] In one embodiment of this utility model, a connector is further included, which passes through the central hole of the lower pressure plate and is connected to the upper pressure plate.

[0018] In one embodiment of this utility model, the upper pressure plate extends radially to the second end of the bearing center shaft, the second end of the bearing center shaft is provided with an internal thread, and the connecting member is a screw that is threadedly connected to the internal thread.

[0019] In one embodiment of this utility model, the edge of the central hole of the lower pressure plate extends toward the upper pressure plate to form a limiting ring platform. The intermediate elastic component also includes a wear-resistant ring seat. The lower pressure plate and the upper pressure plate are respectively in close contact with the two end faces of the wear-resistant ring seat. The wear-resistant ring seat includes two semi-circular rings. An annular groove is provided on the inner periphery of the wear-resistant ring seat. An accommodating cavity for accommodating the annular elastic component is formed between the annular groove, the lower pressure plate, the upper pressure plate, and the limiting ring platform. An outer annular groove is provided on the outer periphery of the wear-resistant ring seat, and the wear-resistant ring is installed in the outer annular groove.

[0020] In one embodiment of this utility model, the annular elastic element is a rubber strip, the bottom elastic body and the upper elastic body are made of rubber, and the wear-resistant ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, bronze or graphite.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting body includes a housing and a screw cap threadedly connected to the housing. The mounting bottom surface is configured as the inner bottom surface of the housing, the mounting top surface is configured as the inner end surface of the screw cap, and the opening is provided on the screw cap.

[0022] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] This utility model discloses an impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator that can achieve both low-frequency vibration isolation and high-frequency damping, as well as variable stiffness vibration isolation and strong impact resistance. It features a simple structure and is easy to install and maintain. When the equipment is subjected to vibration or impact, the bearing central shaft effectively transmits the external load to the intermediate elastic component. The intermediate elastic component further distributes and transmits the load evenly to the elastic element, achieving a step-by-step decomposition and buffering of the external load. Specifically, a bottom elastic body and an elastic element are connected in parallel. When the equipment is subjected to low-frequency vibration, the rubber elastic body mainly plays a vibration isolation role, achieving a low-frequency vibration isolation effect. Under high-frequency vibration or large-amplitude impact conditions, the conical spring, due to its stiffness changing with displacement, significantly improves the system's damping capacity through large deformation. Simultaneously, the upper and lower rubber elastic bodies work together to provide buffering, addressing both low-frequency vibration isolation and high-frequency damping requirements. In addition, the wear-resistant ring provides frictional damping. The ring elastic element can generate damping during the compression deformation process, which can effectively suppress the resonance peak caused by resonance, improve the vibration reduction stability of the system, and realize that the vibration isolator has no obvious harmonic peaks in the entire operating frequency band, ensuring the stability and reliability of vibration reduction performance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is an overall axonometric view of the impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial structural isolator view of the impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear-resistant ring seat of this utility model.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the instruction manual:

[0030] 1. Mounting body; 11. Hollow cavity; 12. Bottom mounting surface; 13. Top mounting surface; 14. Opening; 15. Housing; 16. Screw cap;

[0031] 2. Bottom elastomer;

[0032] 3. Upper elastomer;

[0033] 4. Bearing the central axis;

[0034] 5. Intermediate elastic component; 51. Annular elastic component; 52. Upper pressure plate; 53. Connecting component; 54. Wear-resistant ring seat; 541. Annular groove; 542. Semi-circular ring; 543. Outer ring groove;

[0035] 6. Elastic elements;

[0036] 7. Lower pressure plate; 71. Limit ring platform;

[0037] 8. Wear-resistant ring. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] In this utility model, when directions (up, down, left, right, front, and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this utility model, and does not indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0040] In this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. In the description of this utility model, if "first" or "second" is used, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0041] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; or the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model discloses an impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator, comprising:

[0043] Mounting body 1 is provided with a hollow cavity 11, the hollow cavity 11 includes a mounting bottom end surface 12 and a mounting top end surface 13 disposed opposite to each other, the mounting top end surface 13 has an opening 14;

[0044] The bottom elastic body 2 is installed on the mounting bottom end face 12;

[0045] The upper elastic body 3 is installed on the upper mounting surface 13;

[0046] The bearing center shaft 4 includes a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other. The first end of the bearing center shaft 4 extends out of the opening 14, and the second end of the bearing center shaft 4 extends into the hollow cavity 11.

[0047] The intermediate elastic component 5 is connected to the second end of the bearing central shaft 4 and is able to contact the second end of the bearing central shaft 4;

[0048] The elastic element 6 is sleeved on the bottom elastic body 2 and abuts against the mounting bottom end face 12 and the intermediate elastic component 5 respectively. The elastic element 6 can provide a force (in a pre-compressed state) that brings the second end of the bearing center shaft 4 close to and contacts the upper elastic body 3. The intermediate elastic component 5 and the bottom elastic body 2 have a predetermined gap.

[0049] The wear-resistant ring 8 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the intermediate elastic component 5 and contacts the inner wall of the mounting body 1.

[0050] In one embodiment, both the bottom elastomer 2 and the upper elastomer 3 are conical and contract along opposite sides, shrinking to a circular plane. The conical structure allows the elastomer to deform gradually along the axial direction under load. Compared to traditional cylindrical or rectangular elastomers, the conical elastomer provides lower stiffness initially, achieving flexible buffering. As the load and compression increase, the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conical elastomer gradually increases, and the stiffness increases accordingly, thereby achieving a non-linear change in the elastomer's stiffness and enhancing its adaptability to impacts and vibrations of varying intensities.

[0051] Specifically, the elastic element 6 is a conical spring, and it is in a contracted state toward the upper elastic body 3. In the initial state, the conical spring is in a compressed state.

[0052] By using a conical bottom elastic body 2 in parallel with a conical spring, the needs for both low-frequency vibration isolation and high-frequency damping can be met.

[0053] In one embodiment, a lower pressure plate 7 is further included, the intermediate elastic component 5 includes an annular elastic element 51, and an upper pressure plate 52 is provided at the second end of the bearing central shaft 4. The annular elastic element 51 is pre-compressed between the upper pressure plate 52 and the lower pressure plate 7. The annular elastic element 51 is a rubber strip, that is, after installation, the annular rubber strip is in a radially expanded state.

[0054] In one embodiment, a connector 53 is also included, which passes through the central hole of the lower pressure plate 7 and is connected to the upper pressure plate 52.

[0055] In one embodiment, the upper pressure plate 52 extends radially to the second end of the bearing central shaft 4, the second end of the bearing central shaft 4 being provided with an internal thread, and the connecting member 53 employing a screw threadedly connected to the internal thread. Specifically, the screw is a rivet screw, and its end facing the lower pressure plate 7 is flat to facilitate contact with the lower elastic body.

[0056] In one embodiment, the lower pressure plate 7 has a limiting ring platform 71 extending from the edge of the central hole toward the upper pressure plate 52. The intermediate elastic component 5 also includes a wear-resistant ring seat 54. The lower pressure plate 7 and the upper pressure plate 52 are respectively pressed against the two end faces of the wear-resistant ring seat 54 to compress the annular rubber strip. An annular groove 541 is provided on the inner periphery of the wear-resistant ring seat 54. A receiving cavity for accommodating the annular elastic component 51 is formed between the annular groove 541, the lower pressure plate 7, the upper pressure plate 52, and the limiting ring platform 71. The initial diameter of the annular rubber strip is larger than the size of the annular groove 541 to facilitate compression and expansion. An outer annular groove 543 is provided on the outer periphery of the wear-resistant ring seat 54. The wear-resistant ring 8 is installed in the outer annular groove 543. The wear-resistant ring 8 has a notch for easy installation.

[0057] In one embodiment, the bottom elastomer 2 and the upper elastomer 3 are made of rubber. The wear-resistant ring 8 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, bronze, or graphite.

[0058] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the wear-resistant ring seat 54 is made of wear-resistant material and has friction plates on both ends. It includes two semi-circular rings 542, which facilitates the installation of the annular elastic element 51.

[0059] In one embodiment, the mounting body 1 includes a housing 15 and a screw cap 16 threadedly connected to the housing 15. The mounting bottom surface 12 is configured as the inner bottom surface of the housing 15, the mounting upper surface 13 is configured as the inner end surface of the screw cap 16, and the opening 14 is provided on the screw cap 16. The screw cap 16 can press the upper elastic body 3 against the upper pressure plate 52, which facilitates overall disassembly.

[0060] In one embodiment, the bottom elastic body 2 and the upper elastic body 3 are provided with a central cavity along the conical axis to facilitate installation or to allow the central shaft 4 to move.

[0061] Through the above configuration, the bearing center shaft 4 is connected to the equipment. When the equipment is subjected to vibration or impact, the bearing center shaft 4 transmits the external load to the intermediate elastic component 5, which then uniformly transmits the force to the elastic element 6, thereby achieving load decomposition and buffering. The bottom elastic body 2 (rubber material) and the elastic element 6 (conical spring) are connected in parallel. When the equipment is subjected to low-frequency vibration, low-frequency vibration isolation is achieved. Under high-frequency or large-amplitude impact conditions, the conical spring, with its stiffness changing with displacement, significantly improves damping capacity through increased deformation. Furthermore, the upper and lower rubber elastic bodies provide buffering, thus addressing both low-frequency vibration isolation and high-frequency damping requirements. The wear-resistant ring 8 contacts the inner wall of the housing 15, providing frictional damping. The annular elastic element 51 generates damping during compression deformation, effectively suppressing resonance peaks caused by resonance, improving the system's vibration reduction stability, and ensuring that the vibration isolator has no significant harmonic peaks throughout the entire operating frequency band, guaranteeing the stability and reliability of vibration reduction performance.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator, characterized in that, include: The mounting body (1) is provided with a hollow cavity (11), the hollow cavity (11) includes a mounting bottom end surface (12) and a mounting top end surface (13) disposed opposite to each other, the mounting top end surface (13) has an opening (14). The bottom elastomer (2) is installed on the mounting bottom end face (12); Upper elastomer (3) is mounted on the mounting upper end face (13); The bearing center shaft (4) includes a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. The first end of the bearing center shaft (4) extends out of the opening (14), and the second end of the bearing center shaft (4) extends into the hollow cavity (11). The intermediate elastic component (5) is connected to the second end of the bearing center shaft (4) and is able to contact the second end of the bearing center shaft (4); The elastic element (6) is sleeved on the bottom elastic body (2) and abuts against the mounting bottom end face (12) and the intermediate elastic component (5) respectively. The elastic element (6) can provide a force for the second end of the bearing center shaft (4) to approach and contact the upper elastic body (3). The intermediate elastic component (5) and the bottom elastic body (2) have a predetermined gap. The wear-resistant ring (8) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the intermediate elastic component (5) and in contact with the inner wall of the mounting body (1).

2. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the bottom elastomer (2) and the upper elastomer (3) are conical and contract along their opposite sides.

3. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom elastomer (2) and the upper elastomer (3) are provided with a central cavity along the conical axis.

4. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The elastic element (6) is a conical spring and is in a contracted state toward the upper elastic body (3).

5. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lower pressure plate (7), the intermediate elastic component (5) includes an annular elastic element (51), the second end of the bearing center shaft (4) is provided with an upper pressure plate (52), and the annular elastic element (51) is pre-compressed between the upper pressure plate (52) and the lower pressure plate (7).

6. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a connector (53) that passes through the central hole of the lower pressure plate (7) and is connected to the upper pressure plate (52).

7. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper pressure plate (52) extends radially to the second end of the bearing center shaft (4), the second end of the bearing center shaft (4) is provided with an internal thread, and the connector (53) is a screw that is threaded to the internal thread.

8. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower pressure plate (7) has a limiting ring platform (71) extending from the edge of the central hole toward the upper pressure plate (52). The intermediate elastic component (5) also includes a wear-resistant ring seat (54). The lower pressure plate (7) and the upper pressure plate (52) are respectively close to the two end faces of the wear-resistant ring seat (54). The wear-resistant ring seat (54) includes two semi-circular rings (542). An annular groove (541) is provided on the inner periphery of the wear-resistant ring seat (54). An accommodating cavity for accommodating the annular elastic component (51) is formed between the annular groove (541), the lower pressure plate (7), the upper pressure plate (52), and the limiting ring platform (71). An outer annular groove (543) is provided on the outer periphery of the wear-resistant ring seat (54). The wear-resistant ring (8) is installed in the outer annular groove (543).

9. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The annular elastic element (51) is a rubber strip, the bottom elastic body (2) and the upper elastic body (3) are made of rubber, and the wear-resistant ring (8) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, bronze or graphite.

10. The impact-resistant three-degree-of-freedom variable stiffness vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting body (1) includes a housing (15) and a screw cap (16) threaded to the housing (15). The mounting bottom surface (12) is configured as the inner bottom surface of the housing (15), the mounting upper surface (13) is configured as the inner end surface of the screw cap (16), and the opening (14) is provided on the screw cap (16).

Images