Chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device
The outer jacket cooling device, with its double-wall structure and nanofluid circulation, achieves efficient purification and precise temperature control of chemical exhaust gas, solving the problems of low efficiency and short lifespan of traditional equipment, optimizing absorption effect, and reducing operating costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YUNNAN THREE CIRCLES SINOCHEM FERTILIZERS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional chemical exhaust gas purification equipment suffers from problems such as low purification efficiency, easy corrosion, and high operating costs. In particular, when treating high-temperature exhaust gases, the lack of effective cooling in cyclone separators leads to reduced efficiency and shortened equipment lifespan.
The outer cooling device adopts a double-wall structure and a zoned temperature control design. Combined with a double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton and nanofluid circulation, it achieves precise temperature control and efficient heat transfer in different areas of the cyclone separator, and performs deep purification of exhaust gas through a three-stage absorption tower.
It improves exhaust gas treatment efficiency, extends equipment lifespan, reduces operating costs, and optimizes absorption effects, especially the working efficiency of concentrated sulfuric acid absorption towers.
Smart Images
Figure CN224345575U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of chemical equipment technology, and in particular relates to a chemical exhaust gas purification and deodorization device. Background Technology
[0002] The exhaust gases generated during chemical production processes typically contain solid dust, sulfur compounds (such as SO2 and H2S), and odorous organic compounds (such as volatile organic compounds). Direct emission of these gases will severely pollute the environment. Traditional exhaust gas purification equipment suffers from problems such as low purification efficiency, susceptibility to corrosion, and high operating costs.
[0003] Currently, most cyclone separator designs lack external cooling devices, resulting in high-temperature exhaust gas directly entering the separator for treatment. In this case, the high temperature not only significantly reduces the efficiency of cyclone separation but also accelerates equipment corrosion, further affecting the treatment effect of subsequent absorption processes and causing a decline in the overall performance of the purification system. This problem is particularly prominent when treating chemical exhaust gases with large temperature fluctuations and complex compositions.
[0004] A few cyclone separators equipped with cooling functions often use a single jacket cooling system or a simple jacket structure. These designs often suffer from uneven cooling, low temperature control accuracy, and high energy consumption. In practical applications, a single cooling zone is insufficient to meet the different temperature requirements of different parts of the cyclone separator, resulting in the separation efficiency and equipment lifespan not reaching their optimal state. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a chemical exhaust gas purification and deodorization device, which features zoned temperature control, efficient heat transfer and heat dissipation, thereby improving exhaust gas treatment efficiency, extending equipment service life, and reducing operating costs.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:
[0007] A chemical exhaust gas purification and deodorization device includes several cyclone separators connected in series and an exhaust gas absorption device connected to the end of the cyclone separators. The outer wall of each cyclone separator is provided with an outer cooling device. The outer cooling device adopts a double-wall structure design. The double-wall structure includes an inner shell forming the main body of the cyclone separator and an outer shell forming the outer cooling device. A closed interlayer is formed between the two. The closed interlayer is divided into an upper cooling area, a middle cooling area, and a lower cooling area by an annular partition. Each of the upper cooling area, the middle cooling area, and the lower cooling area has an independent flow guiding structure, which is used to guide the cooling medium to flow within the interlayer space.
[0008] Optionally, the hollow structure is a double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton, and the top and bottom of the inner hollow skeleton and the outer hollow skeleton are provided with connecting channels to form a closed loop. The inner hollow skeleton is fixedly connected to the shells of the first-stage cyclone separator and the second-stage cyclone separator. The double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton is filled with nanofluid, which allows the nanofluid to circulate between the inner and outer layers.
[0009] Optionally, the inner wall of the outer casing of the outer cooling device is fixedly connected with a honeycomb skeleton, and the flow guiding structure is a spiral guide plate, which is used to guide the cooling medium to flow in the interlayer space.
[0010] Optionally, the upper cooling area, the middle cooling area, and the lower cooling area are each provided with an independent cooling medium inlet pipe and a cooling medium outlet pipe, and the cooling medium inlet pipe and the cooling medium outlet pipe both penetrate the outer shell of the outer cooling device and communicate with the interlayer space.
[0011] Optionally, the outlets of the primary cyclone separator and the secondary cyclone separator are connected in sequence to the inlets of the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower, the alkaline solution absorption tower, and the sodium hypochlorite absorption tower via pipelines. The shells of the primary cyclone separator and the secondary cyclone separator are both made of fiberglass.
[0012] Optionally, the inner surface of the shells of the primary cyclone separator and the secondary cyclone separator is provided with an anti-condensation protective layer made of hydrophobic material to prevent water vapor from condensing due to excessively low temperature, which would affect the separation effect.
[0013] Optionally, a gradient material insulation layer is provided on the outer side of the outer casing of the outer cooling device. The thermal conductivity of the material in the insulation layer gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The inner layer is a high thermal conductivity metal composite material, and the outer layer is a nano-aerogel material.
[0014] Optionally, the bottom ends of the primary cyclone separator and the secondary cyclone separator are both fixedly connected to a discharge ash hopper, and the inner wall of the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower is fixedly connected to an acid distributor and a tail gas distributor.
[0015] This utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. Precise temperature control by zone: The closed jacket is divided into upper, middle and lower cooling zones by annular partitions, and each zone is equipped with an independent cooling medium inlet pipe and cooling medium outlet pipe, realizing differentiated temperature control for different zones of the cyclone separator. This zoned cooling design allows the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium in each zone to be controlled independently, meeting the temperature requirements of different parts, achieving more precise temperature regulation, and adapting to various complex working conditions.
[0017] 2. Enhanced heat dissipation and heat exchange: The double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton design and the internal nanofluid filling enhance the heat conduction efficiency. The flow guiding structure adopts a spiral flow guide plate design, which increases the flow path and residence time of the cooling medium in the interlayer, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency. The honeycomb skeleton on the inner wall of the outer shell further enhances the structural strength and heat transfer area, achieving efficient heat dissipation and heat exchange. At the same time, the gradient material insulation layer reduces the transfer of heat to the external environment, optimizing the working environment.
[0018] 3. Optimize absorption effect: By pre-cooling the tail gas entering the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower, alkaline solution absorption tower and sodium hypochlorite absorption tower, the working efficiency of the three-stage absorption device is improved. In particular, for the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower, excessively high temperature will cause sulfuric acid to volatilize and reduce absorption efficiency. By cooling, the water vapor content in the tail gas can be reduced, avoiding water vapor occupying the absorbent, thereby reducing absorbent consumption and lowering operating costs. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the chemical exhaust gas purification and deodorization device of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the outer jacket cooling device of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial view of the outer jacket cooling device of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the outer jacket cooling device of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial view of the hollow structure of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer jacket cooling device of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A;
[0026] Figure 8 This utility model Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B;
[0027] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower of this utility model.
[0028] Reference numerals: 1. Primary cyclone separator; 2. Secondary cyclone separator; 3. Concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower; 4. Alkaline solution absorption tower; 5. Sodium hypochlorite absorption tower; 6. Closed jacket; 7. Annular baffle; 8. Upper cooling zone; 9. Middle cooling zone; 10. Lower cooling zone; 11. Hollow structure; 12. Flow guiding structure; 13. Nanofluid; 14. Honeycomb frame; 15. Cooling medium inlet pipe; 16. Cooling medium outlet pipe; 17. Anti-condensation protective layer; 18. Heat insulation layer; 19. Discharge ash hopper; 20. Acid distributor; 21. Tail gas distributor. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.
[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] Example
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the chemical exhaust gas purification and deodorization device provided by this utility model includes a two-stage series connection of a primary cyclone separator 1, a secondary cyclone separator 2, and a tertiary absorption device. The tertiary absorption device consists of a concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower 3, an alkaline solution absorption tower 4, and a sodium hypochlorite absorption tower 5. During the operation of this device, the high-temperature exhaust gas first enters the primary cyclone separator 1, where large dust particles are separated under centrifugal force and discharged through the unloading ash hopper 19. The preliminarily purified exhaust gas continues to enter the secondary cyclone separator 2 for further removal of fine particulate matter, and finally passes through the tertiary absorption device to achieve deep purification of gaseous pollutants.
[0033] The absorbent in concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower 3 is 98%-99% concentrated sulfuric acid, primarily used to reduce hydrogen sulfide gas. The absorbent in alkaline solution absorption tower 4 is a 10% sodium hydroxide solution, used to neutralize residual acidic gases. The absorbent in sodium hypochlorite absorption tower 5 is a sodium hypochlorite solution with an effective chlorine content of 15%-20%, which decomposes malodorous organic compounds through strong oxidation. The outlets of the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 are connected sequentially to the inlets of concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower 3, alkaline solution absorption tower 4, and sodium hypochlorite absorption tower 5 via pipelines, forming a complete purification process. This series structure ensures that pollutants in the exhaust gas are removed stage by stage, improving purification efficiency.
[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the bottom ends of both the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 are fixedly connected to a discharge hopper 19 for collecting the separated solid dust. The inner wall of the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower 3 is fixedly connected to an acid distributor 20 and a tail gas distributor 21. This design ensures that the tail gas is evenly distributed through the tail gas distributor 21 during the three-stage absorption process, and fully contacts each absorbent liquid to improve absorption efficiency. The shells of both the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 are made of fiberglass, which has good corrosion resistance.
[0035] like Figure 2-4 As shown, both the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 are equipped with an outer cooling device on their outer walls. This outer cooling device adopts a double-wall structure design, including an inner shell that forms the main body of the cyclone separator and an outer shell that forms the outer cooling device. A closed interlayer 6 is formed between the two. When the device is working, the outer cooling device starts working immediately to control the exhaust gas temperature within the optimal separation temperature range, thereby improving the separation efficiency. By controlling the temperature inside the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2, the exhaust gas is treated within the optimal separation temperature range, improving the dust separation efficiency. In particular, for exhaust gas containing volatile components, timely cooling can prevent these components from volatilizing and forming secondary pollution, making it easier for pollutants to be captured in the solid phase.
[0036] The closed jacket 6 is divided into an upper cooling zone 8, a middle cooling zone 9 and a lower cooling zone 10 by an annular partition 7. This partitioned design allows each zone to be independently controlled according to the temperature requirements of different parts of the exhaust gas in the cyclone separator, achieving precise temperature control. The partitioned cooling design allows the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium in each zone to be independently controlled, achieving differentiated temperature management and meeting the needs of different operating conditions.
[0037] Hollow structures 11 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 in each cooling zone. The hollow structures 11 are connected to the outer walls of the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 using thermally conductive silver-based solder, which can improve heat transfer performance. The hollow structure 11 is a double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton, including an inner hollow skeleton and an outer hollow skeleton. The porous structure of the honeycomb skeleton increases the contact area between the heat source and the cooling medium. Compared with the conventional straight pipe structure, it increases the heat exchange area and further enhances the heat transfer effect.
[0038] like Figure 6-8 As shown, both the inner and outer hollow skeletons have connecting channels at the top and bottom, forming a closed loop. The inner hollow skeleton is fixedly connected to the shell of the cyclone separator. The double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton is filled with nanofluid 13, allowing the nanofluid 13 to circulate between the inner and outer layers. During the operation of the device, the nanofluid 13 in the hollow structure 11 achieves automatic circulation using the thermosiphon effect, without the need for additional power. When the temperature of the cyclone separator wall rises, the nanofluid 13 in contact with the inner hollow skeleton is heated, its density decreases, and it flows upward along the inner skeleton. After reaching the top connecting channel, it flows to the outer hollow skeleton, where it cools down and its density increases. It then descends along the outer skeleton and finally returns to the inner skeleton through the bottom connecting channel, forming a continuous and stable natural loop. This thermosiphon circulation mechanism enhances the heat transfer efficiency, allowing the heat on the wall to be quickly carried away, thus improving the overall cooling effect.
[0039] The nanofluid 13 is composed of a carrier fluid and nanoparticles. The carrier fluid is selected from heat transfer oil or ethylene glycol aqueous solution, and the nanoparticles are selected from alumina. A surfactant is also added to the nanofluid 13 to improve the dispersion stability of the nanoparticles. The nanofluid 13 has excellent thermal conductivity, and its thermal conductivity is higher than that of ordinary cooling liquids, which can enhance the thermal conductivity efficiency and enable heat to be quickly transferred from the wall of the cyclone separator to the cooling medium.
[0040] like Figure 2-5 As shown, a honeycomb frame 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell of the outer cooling device. The honeycomb frame 14 is a single-layer hollow structure, which further enhances the structural strength and heat transfer area. An independent flow guiding structure 12 is provided in the interlayer space of the upper cooling area 8, the middle cooling area 9 and the lower cooling area 10. The flow guiding structure 12 is a spiral guide plate with a spiral angle of 30°-60° and a plate spacing of 20-50mm. It is used to guide the cooling medium to flow in the interlayer space. This spiral flow guiding design increases the flow path and residence time of the cooling medium in the interlayer, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.
[0041] The upper cooling zone 8, the middle cooling zone 9, and the lower cooling zone 10 are each equipped with an independent cooling medium inlet pipe 15 and a cooling medium outlet pipe 16. The cooling medium inlet pipe 15 and the cooling medium outlet pipe 16 both penetrate the outer shell of the outer cooling device and connect with the interlayer space. In actual operation, the cooling medium enters each cooling zone through the cooling medium inlet pipe 15, flows along the spiral channel formed by the guide structure 12, carries away the heat from the walls of the first-stage cyclone separator 1 and the second-stage cyclone separator 2, and is finally discharged through the cooling medium outlet pipe 16. The cooling medium can be selected as circulating water or ethylene glycol aqueous solution according to the actual working conditions, so that the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium in each cooling zone can be independently controlled to achieve differentiated cooling.
[0042] The inner surfaces of the shells of the primary cyclone separator 1 and the secondary cyclone separator 2 are provided with an anti-condensation protective layer 17 made of hydrophobic material to prevent water vapor from condensing due to excessively low temperature, which would affect the separation effect.
[0043] A gradient material insulation layer 18 is provided on the outer shell of the outer cooling device. The thermal conductivity of the material in the insulation layer 18 gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The inner layer is a high thermal conductivity metal composite material, and the outer layer is a nano-aerogel material. This gradient insulation design reduces heat loss to the external environment, improves energy utilization efficiency, and prevents condensation on the outer wall. In practical applications, the system can recover heat from the cooling medium for use in other processes, further improving overall energy utilization efficiency.
[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A chemical exhaust gas purification and deodorization device, comprising a plurality of cyclone separators connected in series and an exhaust gas absorption device connected to the end of the cyclone separators, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cyclone separator is provided with an outer cooling device. The outer cooling device adopts a double-wall structure design. The double-wall structure includes an inner shell forming the main body of the cyclone separator and an outer shell forming the outer cooling device. A closed interlayer (6) is formed between the two. The closed interlayer (6) is divided into an upper cooling area (8), a middle cooling area (9), and a lower cooling area (10) by an annular partition (7). Each of the upper cooling area (8), the middle cooling area (9), and the lower cooling area (10) is provided with an independent flow guiding structure (12). The flow guiding structure (12) is used to guide the cooling medium to flow in the interlayer space.
2. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cyclone separator is fixedly connected with a hollow structure (11). The hollow structure (11) is a double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton. The top and bottom of the inner hollow skeleton and the outer hollow skeleton are provided with connecting channels to form a closed loop. The inner hollow skeleton is fixedly connected to the shell of the cyclone separator. The double-layer hollow honeycomb skeleton is filled with nanofluid (13) so that the nanofluid (13) can circulate between the inner and outer layers.
3. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer shell of the outer cooling device is fixedly connected to a honeycomb frame (14), which is a single-layer hollow structure. The flow guiding structure (12) is a spiral flow guide plate used to guide the cooling medium to flow in the interlayer space.
4. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cooling area (8), the middle cooling area (9) and the lower cooling area (10) are each provided with an independent cooling medium inlet pipe (15) and a cooling medium outlet pipe (16). The cooling medium inlet pipe (15) and the cooling medium outlet pipe (16) both penetrate the outer shell of the outer cooling device and communicate with the interlayer space.
5. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the cyclone separator is connected in sequence to the inlets of the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower (3), the alkaline solution absorption tower (4), and the sodium hypochlorite absorption tower (5) via pipelines. The shell of the cyclone separator is made of fiberglass.
6. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the cyclone separator shell is provided with an anti-condensation protective layer (17) made of hydrophobic material.
7. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the outer casing of the outer cooling device is provided with a heat insulation layer (18), and the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation layer (18) gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.
8. The chemical tail gas purification and deodorization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of each cyclone separator is fixedly connected to a discharge ash hopper (19), and the inner wall of the concentrated sulfuric acid absorption tower (3) is fixedly connected to an acid distributor (20) and a tail gas distributor (21).