A microwave radiometer integrated constant temperature receiver structure
By integrating a constant-temperature receiver structure with a grating demultiplexer, temperature sensor, and constant-temperature controller, the problems of large space and high manufacturing difficulty of traditional microwave radiometer receivers are solved, realizing the miniaturization of the equipment and high-precision detection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANHUI SUN CREATE ELECTRONICS
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional microwave radiometers have K and V band receivers that are designed independently, which takes up a lot of space, are difficult to manufacture, and have high power consumption during constant temperature operation, affecting the miniaturization of the equipment and the detection accuracy.
It adopts an integrated constant temperature receiver structure, including a grating demultiplexer between the K-band and V-band receiver signal processing components, combined with a temperature sensor and a constant temperature controller. Through a sandwich structure and multi-layer insulation design, the stability and accuracy of signal processing are improved.
This reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the receiver, improves the detection accuracy and stability of the equipment, and reduces space occupation and power consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN224366188U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of microwave radiation detection technology, and in particular relates to an integrated constant temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer. Background Technology
[0002] A microwave radiometer is a passive atmospheric microwave remote sensing device. It obtains the brightness temperature of atmospheric water vapor and oxygen radiation by measuring microwave signals in the K and V bands, and finally calculates the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile through brightness temperature inversion. The most crucial component of a microwave radiometer is its receiver.
[0003] The temperature of Earth's atmosphere is approximately 200K to 300K, therefore its brightness temperature (Tb) is around 10. 1 k~10 2 k. In terms of energy, it is equivalent to 10. -12 w~10 -13 w is the minimum measurable power of the radiometer receiver. To analyze the structure of the target object, the receiver must be able to resolve the brightness temperature change ΔT. b <1K, meaning the energy 10 can be resolved. -14 w~10 -16 The variation of w necessitates a high level of accuracy in the receiver.
[0004] To improve receiver detection accuracy, measures such as the Dick radiometer design mode and noise source injection calibration were used to reduce the impact of system gain variations, thereby improving receiver detection sensitivity. Traditional microwave radiometers use independent receiver designs for the K and V bands. While this ensures the independence and mutual interference of the two bands, it occupies a large space, hindering equipment miniaturization; the relative positions of the K and V receivers and antennas are difficult to determine, which is detrimental to manufacturing. Specifically, for example... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The diagram shows the existing feed and grating installation structure. The K-band receiver 200 and V-band receiver 300 adopt a split design. Both the K-band receiver 200 and V-band receiver 300 are equipped with heat sinks. In order to ensure that the feed position is at the focal point of the parabolic antenna, the relative positions of the K-band and V-band feeds of the receiver need to be adjusted, which is difficult to position. Moreover, the split design occupies a lot of space and consumes a lot of power for constant temperature.
[0005] Therefore, in order to address the shortcomings of microwave radiometer receivers, there is an urgent need for a new receiver structure design that can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the receiver while improving the detection accuracy of the equipment. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology and provide an integrated constant temperature receiver structure for microwave radiometers.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:
[0008] An integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for microwave radiometers includes a constant-temperature receiver. The constant-temperature receiver includes a K-band receiver signal processing component, a heat sink, and a V-band receiver signal processing component connected sequentially from top to bottom. A grating demultiplexer is provided between the K-band receiver signal processing component and the V-band receiver signal processing component.
[0009] The heat sink is provided with a mounting plate on the left side, and the grating demultiplexer is mounted on the mounting plate;
[0010] Both the K-band receiver signal processing component and the V-band receiver signal processing component include a temperature sensor.
[0011] Furthermore, the integrated constant temperature receiver structure also includes an outer housing, which is fitted onto the outside of the constant temperature receiver;
[0012] The outer casing contains a semiconductor heating element, a copper heat-conducting block, and a fan.
[0013] Furthermore, the outer casing is also provided with an insulating outer shell.
[0014] Furthermore, the thermal insulation outer shell includes, from the inside out, a thermal insulation board, thermal insulation cotton, and a wave-absorbing material layer.
[0015] Furthermore, both the semiconductor heating element and the copper heat-conducting block are coated with thermally conductive silicone grease.
[0016] Furthermore, a copper plate is provided on the inner surface of the outer shell, and both the outer and inner surfaces of the copper plate are coated with thermally conductive silicone grease;
[0017] The inner surface of the copper plate is in close contact with the outside of the constant temperature receiver.
[0018] Furthermore, the K-band receiver signal processing component and the V-band receiver signal processing component also include a temperature controller;
[0019] The thermostat is used to receive data from the temperature sensor.
[0020] Furthermore, the K-band receiver signal processing component also includes a K-band feed, a K-band receiver signal processing module, and a K-band receiver signal acquisition unit;
[0021] The V-band receiving signal processing component also includes a V-band feed, a V-band receiver signal processing module, and a V-band receiver signal acquisition unit;
[0022] Both the K-band feed and the V-band feed are mounted on the mounting plate;
[0023] The temperature sensor is located inside the K-band receiver signal processing module and the V-band receiver signal processing module, and is used to monitor the internal temperature of the K-band receiver signal processing module and the V-band receiver signal processing module.
[0024] Furthermore, the angle between the centerline of the K-band feed and the centerline of the V-band feed is 90°.
[0025] Furthermore, the mounting plate includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate that are vertically connected. The first mounting plate is attached to the left side of the heat sink, and the second mounting plate is attached to the left end of the top surface of the heat sink.
[0026] The lower end of the first mounting piece is bent to form the third mounting piece, and the V-band feed is mounted on the top of the third mounting piece;
[0027] The right end of the second mounting piece is bent upward to form the fourth mounting piece, and the K-band receiver signal processing module is mounted on the right side of the fourth mounting piece.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0029] 1. The present invention provides an integrated constant temperature receiver structure for microwave radiometers, which reduces the processing difficulty of the receiver while improving the detection accuracy of the equipment.
[0030] 2. In this utility model, the integrated constant temperature receiver mechanism operates in the K and V bands. To ensure signal accuracy, the K-band feed, V-band feed, and grating demultiplexer are designed as an integrated unit and are all mounted on the mounting plate. This arrangement ensures the relative positions of the K-band feed, V-band feed, and grating demultiplexer, reducing the difficulty of processing and debugging.
[0031] 3. In this utility model, the integrated constant temperature receiver mechanism adopts a "sandwich" structure for the signal filtering and amplification processing part, with a heat dissipation frame in the middle, a K-band receiver signal processing component on the upper part, and a V-band receiver signal processing component on the lower part, thereby reducing the space occupied by the integrated constant temperature receiver mechanism.
[0032] 4. In this utility model, by setting a temperature sensor and a constant temperature controller, the temperature of the constant temperature receiver is monitored in real time and adjusted in a timely manner, thereby reducing the gain drift caused by temperature changes and improving the stability of the constant temperature receiver.
[0033] 5. In this utility model, a three-layer insulation structure is adopted to improve the insulation performance of the integrated constant temperature receiver while reducing external interference to the signal processing module. Attached Figure Description
[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the feed source and grating provided in the background art of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram provided by this utility model.
[0037] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 100, constant temperature receiver; 200, K-band receiver; 300, V-band receiver; 400, grating; 1, K-band receiver signal processing component; 2, heat sink 2; 3, V-band receiver signal processing component; 4, grating demultiplexer; 20, mounting plate; 11, K-band feed; 12, K-band receiver signal processing module; 31, V-band feed; 32, V-band receiver signal processing module; 201, mounting plate one; 202, mounting plate two; 203, mounting plate three; 204, mounting plate four. Detailed Implementation
[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around" and other terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0040] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an integrated temperature-controlled receiver structure for a microwave radiometer includes:
[0041] The constant temperature receiver 100 includes a K-band receiver signal processing component 1, a heat sink 2, and a V-band receiver signal processing component 3 connected sequentially from top to bottom. A grating demultiplexer 4 is provided between the K-band receiver signal processing component 1 and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3. The K-band receiver signal processing component 1, the heat sink 2, and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3 form a sandwich structure. Compared with the traditional split structure, this sandwich structure occupies less space.
[0042] An outer casing is provided, and a constant temperature receiver 100 is disposed inside the outer casing. The outer casing is provided with a semiconductor heating element, a copper heat-conducting block and a fan. Specifically, the semiconductor heating element and the copper heat-conducting block are used to increase the temperature inside the outer casing, and the fan is used to decrease the temperature inside the outer casing. The outer casing is also provided with a heat-insulating shell, and the semiconductor heating element and the copper heat-conducting block are coated with thermal grease.
[0043] Specifically, a mounting plate 20 is provided on the left side of the heat sink 2, and the grating splitter 4 is mounted on the mounting plate 20;
[0044] Both the K-band receiver signal processing component 1 and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3 include a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the K-band receiver signal processing component 1 and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3. The K-band receiver signal processing component 1 and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3 also include a thermostat for receiving temperature data from the temperature sensor.
[0045] The sandwich structure places the heavy K-band receiver signal processing component 1 with low sensitivity to interference signals on top and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3 on the bottom, thereby ensuring the stability of the signal processing of the constant temperature receiver 100. The upper and lower K-band receiver signal processing components 1 and V-band receiver signal processing components 3 are fastened to the heat sink 2 with metal fasteners.
[0046] Equipped with a temperature sensor and a temperature controller, the constant-temperature receiver 100 is monitored for temperature and its internal temperature is adjusted by the temperature controller. Specifically, the temperature controller sets a standard temperature value (T0) for the constant-temperature receiver 100. The temperature controller can be connected to a semiconductor heating element and a copper heat sink. By controlling the semiconductor heating element and the copper heat sink, the temperature of the constant-temperature receiver 100 is regulated, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the receiver 100 remains constant, approximately around the temperature value (T0). Specifically, the temperature (T1) returned by the temperature sensor is compared with the set constant-temperature temperature (T0). Based on different results, the constant-temperature controller can adopt different strategies, as follows:
[0047] Case 1: (T0-T1) is greater than 0.03℃, the thermostat controls the semiconductor heating element to increase the duty cycle and reduce the fan speed, and the integrated thermostat receiver heats up;
[0048] Case 2: (T0-T1) is less than or equal to 0.03℃, (T0-T1) is greater than or equal to -0.03℃, the constant temperature control system maintains its current state.
[0049] Case 3: (T0-T1) less than -0.03℃, the constant temperature control system controls the semiconductor heating element to reduce the duty cycle, increases the fan speed, and the integrated constant temperature receiver cools down;
[0050] With the above settings, the stable operating temperature variation of this integrated constant temperature receiver can be guaranteed to be within 0.03℃.
[0051] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the heat-insulating shell includes a heat-insulating board, heat-insulating cotton and a wave-absorbing material layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside;
[0052] To achieve optimal thermal insulation in a constant temperature design, careful selection of insulation materials is essential. The selection of insulation materials must consider whether their performance meets the equipment's operational requirements. A systematic approach to selecting the best insulation materials involves the following steps: First, analyze and compare the requirements of insulation materials based on the equipment's operating temperature. Different insulation materials have different applicable temperature ranges; exceeding these ranges can cause significant changes, deterioration, or even combustion. Therefore, insulation materials should not be forced to withstand temperatures exceeding their limits. Second, in addition to meeting temperature resistance requirements, the insulation environment and operating conditions often impose specific requirements on the physical and chemical properties of insulation materials, such as mechanical strength, water absorption, corrosion resistance, flame retardancy, and deformability. Third, consider the feasibility of the installation process.
[0053] Table 1 below lists the properties of some thermal insulation materials:
[0054] Table 1 Properties of some thermal insulation materials
[0055]
[0056] After comprehensive consideration, the integrated constant temperature receiver's insulation shell adopts the above-mentioned three-layer structure. The first layer, made of rubber foam insulation board, not only protects the internal signal processing module but also reduces heat interaction with the outside environment. The second layer is made of rigid polyurethane foam insulation cotton, which is tightly attached to the insulation board. The insulation cotton has low thermal conductivity and sound insulation properties, which helps to retain internal heat and reduce noise generated by the receiver's operation. The third layer is a microwave absorbing material layer. The microwave radiometer receiver processes weak high-frequency signals, and the microwave absorbing material can absorb external microwave interference signals, enhancing the integrated constant temperature receiver's anti-interference capability.
[0057] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, a copper plate is provided on the inner surface of the outer shell, and both the outer and inner surfaces of the copper plate are coated with thermally conductive silicone grease; the inner surface of the copper plate is in close contact with the outside of the constant temperature receiver 100.
[0058] To ensure good thermal conductivity, the thickness of the copper plate can be around 7mm.
[0059] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the integrated constant temperature receiver receives and processes high-frequency signals. To reduce signal loss and improve stability, the high-frequency signals of the internal components can be connected using waveguides. Specifically, the waveguide port of the K-band receiver signal processing component 1 can use a BJ260 (American standard WR35) standard waveguide port; the waveguide port of the V-band receiver signal processing component 3 can use a BJ620 (American standard WR15) standard waveguide port; and the video signal after the detector can be transmitted using a semi-flexible cable with an SMA interface.
[0060] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, both the K-band receiver signal processing component 1 and the V-band receiver signal processing component 3 have only one interface for signal transmission with other systems, in order to enhance heat preservation and facilitate maintenance.
[0061] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the K-band receiver signal processing component 1 further includes a K-band feed 11, a K-band receiver signal processing module 12, and a K-band receiver signal acquisition unit. The K-band feed 11 is disposed on the left side of the K-band receiver signal processing module 12.
[0062] Specifically, the K-band receiver signal processing module 12 includes components such as couplers, noise sources, low-noise amplifiers, power dividers, filters, and detectors. These components work together in the K-band receiver signal processing module 12 to effectively process the received signal and ensure that it can stably and accurately receive and process signals in various environments.
[0063] Specifically, the working principle of the K-band receiver signal acquisition unit is mainly based on microwave technology and signal processing technology, and it is mainly used to acquire and receive signals in the K-band.
[0064] The V-band receiving signal processing component 3 also includes a V-band feed 31, a V-band receiver signal processing module 32, and a V-band receiver signal acquisition unit. The V-band feed 31 is located on top of the V-band receiver signal processing module 32.
[0065] Specifically, the V-band receiver signal processing module 32 includes a coupler, a noise source, a low-noise amplifier, a power divider, a filter, and a detector, etc. Similarly, these components work together in the V-band receiver signal processing module 12 to achieve effective processing of the received signal and ensure that it can stably and accurately receive and process signals in various environments.
[0066] Specifically, the working principle of the V-band receiver signal acquisition device is mainly based on the reception, conversion and processing of electromagnetic waves, and it is mainly used to acquire and receive signals in the V-band.
[0067] Both the K-band feed 11 and the V-band feed 31 are mounted on the mounting plate 20.
[0068] The temperature sensor is located inside the K-band receiver signal processing module 12 and the V-band receiver signal processing module 32. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature of the K-band receiver signal processing module 12 and the V-band receiver signal processing module 32.
[0069] The angle between the centerline of K-band feed 11 and the centerline of V-band feed 31 is 90°.
[0070] Mounting plate 20 includes mounting plate one 201 and mounting plate two 202 connected vertically. Mounting plate one 201 is attached to the left side of the heat sink 2, and mounting plate two 202 is attached to the left end of the top surface of the heat sink 2.
[0071] The lower end of mounting plate 1 201 is bent to the left to form mounting plate 3 203, and the V-band feed 31 is mounted on the top of mounting plate 3 203; the right end of mounting plate 2 202 is bent upward to form mounting plate 4 204, and the K-band receiver signal processing module 12 is mounted on the right side of mounting plate 4 204.
[0072] Because the K-band receiver signal processing component 1, heat sink 2, and V-band receiver signal processing component 3 form a sandwich structure, this sandwich structure, compared with the traditional split structure, not only occupies less space, but also has fixed relative positions of the two feeds and grating demultiplexers. Only the position of one feed and grating demultiplexer needs to be ensured, making positioning easier and adjustment simpler. Moreover, this integrated design has a small overall constant temperature space, making temperature easy to adjust and control, while also reducing power consumption.
[0073] This utility model provides an integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for microwave radiometers, which reduces the processing difficulty of the receiver while improving the detection accuracy of the equipment.
[0074] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0075] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.
Claims
1. A structure for an integrated constant-temperature receiver for a microwave radiometer, characterized in that, The receiver includes a constant temperature receiver (100), which includes a K-band receiver signal processing component (1), a heat sink (2) and a V-band receiver signal processing component (3) connected from top to bottom. A grating demultiplexer (4) is provided between the K-band receiver signal processing component (1) and the V-band receiver signal processing component (3). The heat sink (2) has a mounting plate (20) on its left side, and the grating splitter (4) is mounted on the mounting plate (20). Both the K-band receiver signal processing component (1) and the V-band receiver signal processing component (3) include a temperature sensor.
2. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an outer housing, which is fitted onto the outside of the thermostatic receiver (100); The outer casing contains a semiconductor heating element, a copper heat-conducting block, and a fan.
3. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer casing is also provided with an insulating outer shell.
4. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermal insulation shell includes, from the inside out, a thermal insulation board, thermal insulation cotton, and a wave-absorbing material layer.
5. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the semiconductor heating element and the copper heat-conducting block are coated with thermal grease.
6. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner surface of the outer shell is provided with a copper plate, and both the outer and inner surfaces of the copper plate are coated with thermally conductive silicone grease. The inner surface of the copper plate is in close contact with the outside of the thermostatic receiver (100).
7. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The K-band receiver signal processing component (1) and the V-band receiver signal processing component (3) also include a constant temperature controller; The thermostat is used to receive data from the temperature sensor.
8. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The K-band receiver signal processing component (1) also includes a K-band feed (11), a K-band receiver signal processing module (12), and a K-band receiver signal acquisition unit; The V-band receiving signal processing component (3) also includes a V-band feed (31), a V-band receiver signal processing module (32), and a V-band receiver signal acquisition unit; The K-band feed (11) and V-band feed (31) are both mounted on the mounting plate (20); The temperature sensor is located inside the K-band receiver signal processing module (12) and the V-band receiver signal processing module (32), and is used to monitor the internal temperature of the K-band receiver signal processing module (12) and the V-band receiver signal processing module (32).
9. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The angle between the centerline of the K-band feed (11) and the centerline of the V-band feed (31) is 90°.
10. The integrated constant-temperature receiver structure for a microwave radiometer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting plate (20) includes a vertically connected mounting plate one (201) and mounting plate two (202). The mounting plate one (201) is attached to the left side of the heat sink (2), and the mounting plate two (202) is attached to the left end of the top surface of the heat sink (2). The lower end of the first mounting piece (201) is bent to form the third mounting piece (203), and the V-band feed (31) is mounted on the top of the third mounting piece (203); The right end of the second mounting piece (202) is bent upward to form the fourth mounting piece (204), and the K-band receiver signal processing module (12) is mounted on the right side of the fourth mounting piece (204).