Solid state lidar rx lens

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of solid-state laser radar RX lens, belong to optical imaging technical field, including first lens, second lens, third lens, fourth lens, fifth lens, sixth lens sequentially arranged along optical axis direction;The object side and the image side of second lens, third lens and sixth lens are all rotationally symmetrical aspherical surface;The optical power of six groups of lenses is negative optical power, positive optical power, negative optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power in turn along arrangement direction, or the optical power of six groups of lenses is negative optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power in turn along arrangement direction;In addition, lens also satisfies the optical parameter condition set by it.This solid-state laser radar RX lens provided by the utility model can meet the requirements of low cost, easy assembly, large field of view and high imaging quality simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular to a solid-state lidar RX lens. Background Technology

[0002] As autonomous driving technology evolves towards higher levels of intelligence, the performance and reliability requirements of solid-state LiDAR, as a core sensing device, have significantly increased. For example, current high-level autonomous driving systems place higher demands on perception accuracy, requiring ultra-wide field of view and high resolution in complex scenarios, such as horizontal angles of over 180° and MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) values ​​of over 40 LP / mm. This necessitates collaborative optimization with an MTF value greater than 0.3, while simultaneously ensuring cost controllability to accommodate large-scale deployment.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, patent document CN119024524A discloses a lidar lens that adopts a combination architecture of two sets of freeform surface lenses and three sets of spherical lenses. Although the MTF value at a specific spatial frequency is greater than 0.5, its field of view is difficult to meet the wide-area coverage requirements, and the high manufacturing cost and complex assembly process of the freeform surface lenses further limit the feasibility of mass production.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solid-state lidar optical system that combines a large field of view, high resolution, low cost, and easy assembly, in order to break through the current technical bottlenecks and meet the urgent needs of autonomous driving and industrial sensing for high-performance and high-reliability sensors. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a solid-state lidar RX lens that meets the requirements of low cost, easy assembly, large field of view and high imaging quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A solid-state lidar RX lens includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The object-side surface and image-side surface of the second lens, the third lens, and the sixth lens are all rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces. The optical power of the six lenses is, in sequence, negative optical power, positive optical power, negative optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, or the optical power of the six lenses is, in sequence, negative optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power.

[0007] The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0008] 0.08 < |f1 / f2| < 0.25;

[0009] 1.50 < |f2 / f3| < 7.90;

[0010] 0.50 < |f3 / f4| < 1.99;

[0011] 0.2 < |f4 / f5| < 2.22;

[0012] 0.30 < |f5 / f6| < 0.95;

[0013] 150° <FOV<170°;

[0014] Wherein, f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, and f6 are the effective focal lengths of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, and the sixth lens, respectively, in millimeters, and FOV is the field of view of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

[0015] In addition, the solid-state lidar RX lens according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0016] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens also includes an aperture stop, which is located between the second lens and the third lens.

[0017] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0018] 45 <TTL<50;

[0019] Wherein, TTL is the total optical length of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0020] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0021] 4.8 ≤ BFL ≤ 5.5;

[0022] Wherein, BFL is the distance on the optical axis from the image-side surface of the sixth lens to the image-side surface of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0023] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0024] 1.0 <IH / f<1.2;

[0025] Wherein, IH is the actual half-image height of the solid-state lidar RX lens, and f is the total effective focal length of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0026] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0027] 12 <TTL / IH<17;

[0028] Wherein, IH is the actual half-image height of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0029] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0030] 0.5° <CRA<2.0°;

[0031] Wherein, CRA is the maximum principal ray incident angle of the image plane of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

[0032] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0033] 2.05 < DM1 / DM2 < 2.75;

[0034] 0.93 < DM2 / DM3 < 1.75;

[0035] 0.50 < DM3 / DM4 < 1.05;

[0036] 0.70 < DM4 / DM5 < 1.15;

[0037] 0.92 < DM5 / DM6 < 1.15;

[0038] Wherein, DM1, DM2, DM3, DM4, DM5, and DM6 are the effective apertures of the object-side surfaces of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, and the sixth lens, respectively, in millimeters.

[0039] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0040] 1.15≤Fno≤1.30;

[0041] Wherein, Fno is the aperture size of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

[0042] Furthermore, the solid-state lidar RX lens operates in the 885nm–925nm band, with a main wavelength of 905nm.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this utility model include at least the following: 1. By combining a six-lens combination architecture (with alternating positive and negative optical power configurations for the first to sixth lenses) with multiple aspherical lenses, a large field of view is achieved while effectively correcting the field curvature and distortion caused by the large field of view. Combined with a large aperture design, the optical modulation capability of the edge field of view can be significantly improved. 2. By using an aspherical design for only the second, third, and sixth lenses (the rest being spherical), compared to a fully freeform surface design, the lens assembly and processing yield can be improved, and manufacturing costs reduced. 3. By constraining the total optical length TTL / IH ratio and controlling the back focal length BFL, an IH / f ratio greater than 1.0 is achieved within a compact size, enabling the system to combine miniaturization with high imaging surface illumination uniformity. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-state lidar RX lens in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a SPOT SIZE diagram of the solid-state lidar RX lens of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 3 The field curvature diagram and distortion diagram within a field of view of 150 degrees are shown for the solid-state lidar RX lens in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-state lidar RX lens in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a SPOT SIZE diagram of the solid-state lidar RX lens of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0049] Figure 6 The field curvature diagram and distortion diagram within a field of view of 150 degrees are shown for the solid-state lidar RX lens in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-state lidar RX lens in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a SPOT SIZE diagram of the solid-state lidar RX lens of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0052] Figure 9 The field curvature diagram and distortion diagram within a field of view of 150 degrees are shown for the solid-state lidar RX lens in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0053] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this utility model will be more thorough and complete.

[0055] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first lens discussed below may also be referred to as the second lens or the third lens.

[0056] In the accompanying drawings of this application, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses have been slightly exaggerated for ease of illustration. Specifically, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not strictly drawn to scale.

[0057] In this article, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region. The surface of each lens closest to the subject is called the object-side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the imaging plane is called the image-side surface of the lens.

[0058] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and / or "comprising" used herein, when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when expressions such as "at least one of..." appear after a list of listed features, they modify the entire list of features, not individual elements in the list. Additionally, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplarily" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0060] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0061] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 This invention provides a solid-state lidar (RX) lens, comprising a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6 arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The object-side and image-side surfaces of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are both rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces. The optical power of the six lenses, arranged sequentially along the optical axis, is negative, positive, negative, positive, positive, and positive; or, the optical power of the six lenses, arranged sequentially, is negative, positive, positive, positive, positive, positive, and positive.

[0063] In addition, the solid-state LiDAR RX lens also meets the following optical parameter requirements:

[0064] 0.08 < |f1 / f2| < 0.25;

[0065] 1.50 < |f2 / f3| < 7.90;

[0066] 0.50 < |f3 / f4| < 1.99;

[0067] 0.2 < |f4 / f5| < 2.22;

[0068] 0.30 < |f5 / f6| < 0.95;

[0069] 150° <FOV<170°;

[0070] Where f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, and f6 are the effective focal lengths of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6, respectively, in millimeters, and FOV is the field of view of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

[0071] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application meets the above conditions, the solid-state lidar RX lens has strong overall compactness and miniaturization characteristics, while ensuring a wide range of working distances.

[0072] To achieve a balance between high imaging quality and compact structure, preferably, the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application also meets the optical parameter conditions shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1

[0074] <![CDATA[n d1 ]]> <![CDATA[n d2 ]]> <![CDATA[n d3 ]]> <![CDATA[n d4 ]]> <![CDATA[n d5 ]]> <![CDATA[n d6 ]]> 1.6±10％ 1.8±10％ 1.8±10％ 1.8±10％ 1.65±10％ 1.6±10％ <![CDATA[v d1 ]]> <![CDATA[v d2 ]]> <![CDATA[v d3 ]]> <![CDATA[v d4 ]]> <![CDATA[v d5 ]]> <![CDATA[V d6 ]]> 49±40％ 41.0±10％ 41.1±10％ 41.0±10％ 49±40％ 40±40％

[0075] Where, n d1 n d2 n d3 n d4 n d5 n d6 The refractive indices of lenses L1 through L6 are, in order, v d1 v d2 v d3 v d4 v d5 v d6 The Abbe numbers are, in order, those of the first lens L1 to the sixth lens L6.

[0076] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also includes an aperture stop STO located between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3.

[0077] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0078] 45 <TTL<50;

[0079] Where TTL is the total optical length of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0080] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application meets the above conditions, the total length of the lens is controlled within 50mm, which can meet various application scenarios with space constraints.

[0081] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0082] 4.8 ≤ BFL ≤ 5.5;

[0083] Wherein, BFL is the distance on the optical axis from the image side of the sixth lens L6 to the image plane of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0084] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application satisfies the above conditions, it can improve the imaging quality, mechanical compatibility, and robustness to environmental changes of the optical system.

[0085] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0086] 1.0 <IH / f<1.2;

[0087] Where IH is the actual half-image height of the solid-state LiDAR RX lens, and f is the total effective focal length of the solid-state LiDAR RX lens, in millimeters.

[0088] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application satisfies the above-mentioned conditions, it can balance the field of view and volume, achieving miniaturization while giving the lens a large field of view.

[0089] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0090] 12 <TTL / IH<17;

[0091] Wherein, IH is the actual half-image height of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

[0092] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application satisfies the above conditions, it can balance the system compactness and the field of view coverage, ensuring that the lens is miniaturized while achieving a large field of view.

[0093] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0094] 0.5° <CRA<2.0°;

[0095] CRA is the maximum principal ray incident angle of the image plane of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

[0096] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application satisfies the above-mentioned conditions, the lens has small astigmatism, field curvature and distortion.

[0097] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0098] 2.05 < DM1 / DM2 < 2.75;

[0099] 0.93 < DM2 / DM3 < 1.75;

[0100] 0.50 < DM3 / DM4 < 1.05;

[0101] 0.70 < DM4 / DM5 < 1.15;

[0102] 0.92 < DM5 / DM6 < 1.15;

[0103] Among them, DM1, DM2, DM3, DM4, DM5, and DM6 are the effective apertures of the object side of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6, respectively, in millimeters.

[0104] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application meets the above conditions, it can achieve a larger light throughput, better vignetting control, and aberration correction.

[0105] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens also meets the following optical parameter conditions:

[0106] 1.15≤Fno≤1.30;

[0107] Where Fno is the aperture size of the solid-state LiDAR RX lens.

[0108] When the solid-state lidar RX lens provided in this application meets the above conditions, the larger aperture enables the detection of the surrounding environment at close range.

[0109] In some optional embodiments, the solid-state lidar RX lens operates in the 885nm–925nm band, with a main wavelength of 905nm.

[0110] The following will combine Figures 1 to 9 The present application provides more detailed descriptions of specific, but not limiting, examples of its embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments primarily analyze light with a reference wavelength of 905 nm.

[0111] Example 1:

[0112] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a solid-state lidar RX lens. In this embodiment, the solid-state lidar RX lens includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with positive optical power, an aperture stop STO, a third lens L3 with negative optical power, a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a sixth lens L6 with positive optical power, and an IR filter arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The lens images onto the image plane IMG.

[0113] In terms of shape and structure, the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens, the second lens L2 is a concave-convex aspherical lens, the third lens L3 is a convex-concave aspherical lens, the fourth lens L4 is a biconvex spherical lens, the fifth lens L5 is a biconvex spherical lens, and the sixth lens L6 is a convex-concave aspherical lens; among them, the object side and image side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are all rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces.

[0114] In terms of physical dimensions, the physical half-apertures of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6 are 6.15mm, 2.66mm, 2.44mm, 4.62mm, 5.90mm, and 5.29mm, respectively.

[0115] In terms of optical parameters, the lens has a total effective focal length f of 3.06mm, an entrance pupil diameter of 2.45mm, a ratio of the true half-image height IH corresponding to the maximum field of view to the total effective focal length f of the lens of 1.04, and a ratio of the total optical length TTL to the true half-image height LH corresponding to the maximum field of view of 16.25.

[0116] Specifically, the specific parameters of each lens in the solid-state lidar RX lens of this embodiment and the substrate material used are shown in Table 2:

[0117] Table 2

[0118]

[0119] In this embodiment, the aspherical surfaces of the aspherical lenses (second lens L2, third lens L3, and sixth lens L6) satisfy the following aspherical formula:

[0120]

[0121] Where Z is the sag, c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R, y is the radial coordinate, k is the conic conic coefficient, and A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, and A8 are higher-order aspherical coefficients. The specific aspherical parameters of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are shown in Table 3.

[0122] Table 3

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Among them, surface numbers L2S1, L3S1, and L6S1 represent the object side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6, respectively, and surface numbers L2S2, L3S2, and L6S2 represent the image side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6, respectively.

[0126] It is understood that the aspherical surfaces of each aspherical lens in the solid-state lidar RX lens of this embodiment can be aspherical surfaces constrained by the above-mentioned aspherical formula, or aspherical surfaces constrained by other aspherical formulas, and this application does not limit them.

[0127] Figure 2This document describes the SPOTSIZE diagram of a solid-state lidar RX lens designed using the lens combination method described in Example 1. The SPOTSIZE diagram is primarily used to evaluate the size and shape of the light spot distribution on the image plane, reflecting the system's focusing ability on point light sources or the impact of aberrations (such as spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, etc.). In the SPOTSIZE diagram, RMSRadius represents the light spot result after root mean square processing (in micrometers), which is closer to the actual production light spot value. GEO Radius represents the distance between the two farthest points of the light spot (in micrometers). Specifically, as shown in the figure, GEO Radius is less than 3*(RMS Radius), indicating that the lens design is relatively good. Moreover, in the infrared band, the spot size gradually increases from the center to the edge of the field of view. At a half field of view of 75 degrees, RMS Radius is less than 8um, which can guarantee the large field of view resolution for image sensor chips with pixel size less than 10 micrometers. At a half field of view of 0 degrees, RMS Radius is less than 2um, which can guarantee the paraxial resolution for image sensor chips with pixel size less than 5um.

[0128] Figure 3 The field curvature and distortion diagrams of the solid-state lidar RX lens designed with the lens combination method of Example 1 are shown from left to right.

[0129] Specifically, in the field curvature diagram, the horizontal axis represents the offset (in mm), and the vertical axis represents the field of view (in degrees). The S-curve represents the sagittal field curvature at a wavelength of 905 nm, and the T-curve represents the meridional field curvature at a wavelength of 905 nm. As can be seen from the field curvature diagram, the field curvature of the solid-state lidar RX lens in this embodiment is all within 0.05 mm, indicating that the field curvature and astigmatism of each field of view are well corrected, resulting in clear imaging at both the center and edges of the field of view.

[0130] In the distortion diagram, the horizontal axis represents the distortion value (in %), and the vertical axis represents the field of view (in degrees). As can be seen from the distortion diagram, the optical distortion is less than 75% within a field of view of 150 degrees, which matches the distortion at the transmitting end and can eliminate systematic errors to a certain extent.

[0131] In summary, the optical lens in this embodiment uses three spherical lenses and three aspherical lenses. By combining negative and positive optical powers and effectively distributing optical powers through the aspherical lenses, the imaging quality of the lens is improved. The overall structure is compact, and the total optical length (TTL) is less than 50mm, which achieves the goal of miniaturization. In addition, a large aperture configuration can be achieved to meet the requirements of clear imaging in low light.

[0132] Example 2:

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, this utility model provides a solid-state lidar RX lens. In this embodiment, the solid-state lidar RX lens includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with positive optical power, an aperture stop STO, a third lens L3 with positive optical power, a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a filter IR, and a sixth lens L6 with positive optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The lens images onto the image plane IMG.

[0134] In terms of shape and structure, the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens, the second lens L2 is a concave-convex aspherical lens, the third lens L3 is a concave-convex aspherical lens, the fourth lens L4 is a concave-convex spherical lens, the fifth lens L5 is a biconvex spherical lens, and the sixth lens L6 is a convex-concave aspherical lens; among them, the object side and image side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are all rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces.

[0135] In terms of physical dimensions, the physical half-apertures of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6 are 6.85mm, 2.99mm, 2.89mm, 4.44mm, 5.82mm, and 5.71mm, respectively.

[0136] In terms of optical parameters, the lens has a total effective focal length f of 2.995mm, an entrance pupil diameter of 2.49mm, a ratio of the true half-image height IH corresponding to the maximum field of view to the total effective focal length f of the lens of 1.06, and a ratio of the total optical length TTL to the true half-image height IH corresponding to the maximum field of view of 12.5.

[0137] Specifically, the specific parameters of each lens in the solid-state lidar RX lens of this embodiment and the substrate material used are shown in Table 4:

[0138] Table 4

[0139]

[0140] In this embodiment, the aspherical surfaces of the aspherical lenses (second lens L2, third lens L3, and sixth lens L6) satisfy the following aspherical formula:

[0141]

[0142] Where Z is the sag, c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R, y is the radial coordinate, k is the conic conic section coefficient, and a2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, and A8 are higher-order aspherical coefficients. The specific aspherical parameters of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are shown in Table 5.

[0143] Table 5

[0144] k <![CDATA[A2]]> <![CDATA[A3]]> <![CDATA[A4]]> <![CDATA[A5]]> <![CDATA[A6]]> <![CDATA[A7]]> <![CDATA[A8]]> L2S1 -17.62 1.62E-03 -1.09E-04 1.57E-05 -6.05E-07 -5.57E-08 0 0 L2S2 -15.65 8.47E-04 -4.27E-04 4.19E-05 -5.86E-06 2.62E-07 0 0 L3S1 -199.01 -9.93E-04 2.19E-04 -8.99E-05 8.54E-06 -4.87E-07 0 0 L3S2 0.66 -7.95E-04 -3.32E-05 -7.46E-07 -5.89E-08 1.52E-09 0 0 L6S1 170.79 -1.89E-03 -2.01E-05 5.70E-07 8.41E-08 5.95E-10 0 0 L6S2 2.18 -2.38E-04 -1.49E-05 1.16E-06 -1.95E-08 1.70E-10 0 0

[0145] Among them, surface numbers L2S1, L3S1, and L6S1 represent the object side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6, respectively, and surface numbers L2S2, L3S2, and L6S2 represent the image side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6, respectively.

[0146] It is understood that the aspherical surfaces of each aspherical lens in the solid-state lidar RX lens of this embodiment can be aspherical surfaces constrained by the above-mentioned aspherical formula, or aspherical surfaces constrained by other aspherical formulas, and this application does not limit them.

[0147] Figure 5 This document describes the SPOTSIZE diagram of a solid-state lidar RX lens designed using the lens combination method described in Example 1. The SPOTSIZE diagram is primarily used to evaluate the size and shape of the light spot distribution on the image plane, reflecting the system's focusing ability on point light sources or the impact of aberrations (such as spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, etc.). In the SPOTSIZE diagram, RMSRadius represents the light spot result after root mean square processing (in micrometers), which is closer to the actual production light spot value. GEO Radius represents the distance between the two farthest points of the light spot (in micrometers). Specifically, as shown in the figure, GEO Radius is less than 3*(RMS Radius), indicating that the lens design is relatively good. Moreover, in the infrared band, the spot size gradually increases from the center to the edge of the field of view. At a half field of view of 75 degrees, RMS Radius is less than 4um, which can guarantee the large field of view resolution for image sensor chips with pixel size less than 8 micrometers. At a half field of view of 0 degrees, RMS Radius is less than 1.7um, which can guarantee the paraxial resolution for image sensor chips with pixel size less than 5um.

[0148] Figure 6 The field curvature and distortion diagrams of the solid-state lidar RX lens designed with the lens combination method of Example 1 are shown from left to right.

[0149] Specifically, in the field curvature diagram, the horizontal axis represents the offset (in mm), and the vertical axis represents the field of view (in degrees). The S-curve represents the sagittal field curvature at a wavelength of 905 nm, and the T-curve represents the meridional field curvature at a wavelength of 905 nm. As can be seen from the field curvature diagram, the field curvature of the solid-state lidar RX lens in this embodiment is all within 0.04 mm, indicating that the field curvature and astigmatism of each field of view are well corrected, resulting in clear imaging at both the center and edges of the field of view.

[0150] In the distortion diagram, the horizontal axis represents the distortion value (in %), and the vertical axis represents the field of view (in degrees). As can be seen from the distortion diagram, the optical distortion is less than 75% within a field of view of 150 degrees, which matches the distortion at the transmitting end and can eliminate systematic errors to a certain extent.

[0151] In summary, the optical lens in this embodiment uses three spherical lenses and three aspherical lenses. By combining negative and positive optical powers and effectively distributing optical powers through the aspherical lenses, the imaging quality of the lens is improved. The overall structure is compact, and the total optical length (TTL) is less than 50mm, which achieves the goal of miniaturization. In addition, a large aperture configuration can be achieved to meet the requirements of clear imaging in low light.

[0152] Example 3:

[0153] like Figure 7 As shown, this utility model provides a solid-state lidar RX lens. In this embodiment, the solid-state lidar RX lens includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with positive optical power, an aperture stop STO, a third lens L3 with negative optical power, a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a filter IR, and a sixth lens L6 with positive optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The lens images onto the image plane IMG.

[0154] In terms of shape and structure, the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens, the second lens L2 is a concave-convex aspherical lens, the third lens L3 is a concave-convex aspherical lens, the fourth lens L4 is a biconvex spherical lens, the fifth lens L5 is a biconvex spherical lens, and the sixth lens L6 is a convex-concave aspherical lens; among them, the object side and image side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are all rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces.

[0155] In terms of physical dimensions, the physical half-apertures of the first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, the fourth lens L4, the fifth lens L5, and the sixth lens L6 are 6.45mm, 2.69mm, 2.22mm, 4.88mm, 5.89mm, and 5.23mm, respectively.

[0156] In terms of optical parameters, the lens has a total effective focal length f of 3.01mm, an entrance pupil diameter of 2.45mm, a ratio of the true half-image height IH corresponding to the maximum field of view to the total effective focal length f of the lens of 1.06, and a ratio of the total optical length TTL to the true half-image height IH corresponding to the maximum field of view of 15.625.

[0157] Specifically, the specific parameters of each lens in the solid-state lidar RX lens of this embodiment and the substrate material used are shown in Table 6:

[0158] Table 6

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] In this embodiment, the aspherical surfaces of the aspherical lenses (second lens L2, third lens L3, and sixth lens L6) satisfy the following aspherical formula:

[0162]

[0163] Where Z is the sag, c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R, y is the radial coordinate, k is the conic conic coefficient, and A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, and A8 are higher-order aspherical coefficients. The specific aspherical parameters of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6 are shown in Table 7.

[0164] Table 7

[0165]

[0166] Among them, surface numbers L2S1, L3S1, and L6S1 represent the object side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6, respectively, and surface numbers L2S2, L3S2, and L6S2 represent the image side of the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the sixth lens L6, respectively.

[0167] It is understood that the aspherical surfaces of each aspherical lens in the solid-state lidar RX lens of this embodiment can be aspherical surfaces constrained by the above-mentioned aspherical formula, or aspherical surfaces constrained by other aspherical formulas, and this application does not limit them.

[0168] Figure 8This document describes the SPOTSIZE diagram of a solid-state lidar RX lens designed using the lens combination method described in Example 1. The SPOTSIZE diagram is primarily used to evaluate the size and shape of the light spot distribution on the image plane, reflecting the system's focusing ability on point light sources or the impact of aberrations (such as spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, etc.). In the SPOTSIZE diagram, RMSRadius represents the light spot result after root mean square processing (in micrometers), which is closer to the actual production light spot value. GEO Radius represents the distance between the two farthest points of the light spot (in micrometers). Specifically, as shown in the figure, GEO Radius is less than 3*(RMS Radius), indicating that the lens design is relatively good. Moreover, in the infrared band, the spot size gradually increases from the center to the edge of the field of view. At a half field of view of 75 degrees, RMS Radius is less than 6µm, which can guarantee the large field of view resolution for image sensor chips with pixel size less than 10µm. At a half field of view of 0 degrees, RMS Radius is less than 1.6µm, which can guarantee the paraxial resolution for image sensor chips with pixel size less than 4µm.

[0169] Figure 9 The field curvature and distortion diagrams of the solid-state lidar RX lens designed with the lens combination method of Example 1 are shown from left to right.

[0170] Specifically, in the field curvature diagram, the horizontal axis represents the offset (in mm), and the vertical axis represents the field of view (in degrees). The S-curve represents the sagittal field curvature at a wavelength of 905 nm, and the T-curve represents the meridional field curvature at a wavelength of 905 nm. As can be seen from the field curvature diagram, the field curvature of the solid-state lidar RX lens in this embodiment is all within 0.04 mm, indicating that the field curvature and astigmatism of each field of view are well corrected, resulting in clear imaging at both the center and edges of the field of view.

[0171] In the distortion diagram, the horizontal axis represents the distortion value (in %), and the vertical axis represents the field of view (in degrees). As can be seen from the distortion diagram, the optical distortion is less than 74.5% within a field of view of 150 degrees, which matches the distortion at the transmitting end and can eliminate systematic errors to a certain extent.

[0172] In summary, the optical lens in this embodiment uses three spherical lenses and three aspherical lenses. By combining negative and positive optical powers and effectively distributing optical powers through the aspherical lenses, the imaging quality of the lens is improved. The overall structure is compact, and the total optical length (TTL) is less than 50mm, which achieves the goal of miniaturization. In addition, a large aperture configuration can be achieved to meet the requirements of clear imaging in low light.

[0173] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0174] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid-state lidar RX lens, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens arranged sequentially along the optical axis. The object-side surface and image-side surface of the second lens, the third lens, and the sixth lens are all rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces; The optical power of the six lens groups is arranged in the following order along the direction of arrangement: negative optical power, positive optical power, negative optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power; or, the optical power of the six lens groups is arranged in the following order along the direction of arrangement: negative optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power, positive optical power. The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 0.08 < |f1 / f2| < 0.25; 1.50 < |f2 / f3| < 7.90; 0.50 < |f3 / f4| < 1.99; 0.2 < |f4 / f5| < 2.22; 0.30 < |f5 / f6| < 0.95; 150° <FOV<170°; Wherein, f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, and f6 are the effective focal lengths of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, and the sixth lens, respectively, in millimeters, and FOV is the field of view of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

2. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens also includes an aperture stop, which is located between the second lens and the third lens.

3. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 45 <TTL<50; Wherein, TTL is the total optical length of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

4. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 4.8 ≤ BFL ≤ 5.5; Wherein, BFL is the distance on the optical axis from the image-side surface of the sixth lens to the image-side surface of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

5. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 3, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 1.0 <IH / f<1.2; Wherein, IH is the actual half-image height of the solid-state lidar RX lens, and f is the total effective focal length of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

6. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 12 <TTL / IH<17; Wherein, IH is the actual half-image height of the solid-state lidar RX lens, in millimeters.

7. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 0.5° <CRA<2.0°; Wherein, CRA is the maximum principal ray incident angle of the image plane of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

8. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 2.05 < DM1 / DM2 < 2.75; 0.93 < DM2 / DM3 < 1.75; 0.50 < DM3 / DM4 < 1.05; 0.70 < DM4 / DM5 < 1.15; 0.92 < DM5 / DM6 < 1.15; Wherein, DM1, DM2, DM3, DM4, DM5, and DM6 are the effective apertures of the object-side surfaces of the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, and the sixth lens, respectively, in millimeters.

9. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to claim 8, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens meets the following optical parameter conditions: 1.15≤Fno≤1.30; Wherein, Fno is the aperture size of the solid-state lidar RX lens.

10. The solid-state lidar RX lens according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The solid-state lidar RX lens operates in the 885nm~925nm band, with a main wavelength of 905nm.

Images