A lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of storage battery, specifically disclose a kind of lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology;The utility model designs a kind of recovery device for use in series between charger and storage battery, relies on the low voltage DC output power supply of charger, can issue strong, surpass the high-frequency pulse wave of original electric vehicle charger output voltage, remove the sulfide attached on the storage battery pole plate, make it return to electrolyte, reach the effect of activation, maintain battery in optimum state. As long as battery shell is not deformed, internal short circuit or open circuit does not appear, battery liquid is in normal state, can make the power recovery of already scrapped or close to scrapped battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery technology, specifically relating to a lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing public awareness of environmental protection, electric bicycles with zero exhaust pollution and low noise are becoming more popular. As the core component of electric bicycles, how to charge the battery quickly and efficiently is one of the core technologies of electric bicycles. Due to cost reasons, most electric bicycles currently on the market use lead-acid batteries as their power source.

[0003] There are two typical operating conditions for batteries: one is float charging, where the battery and charging equipment are continuously connected and jointly supply power to the load. When the load consumes a large amount of power, both the battery and the charging equipment provide current to the load; when the load consumes a small amount of power, only the charging equipment provides current; when the load consumes little power or is not operating, the charging equipment charges the battery. In this state, the constant electromotive force of the charging equipment is relatively low, typically 13.85V per 12V battery, and the battery voltage fluctuation is also relatively small. When the charging equipment stops supplying power for any reason, the load current will be entirely provided by the battery until power is restored. Starting batteries for automobiles and motorcycles, UPS systems for computers, and backup batteries for communication systems all operate in float charging mode. Using float charging, lead-acid batteries can last 3 to 10 years. The second condition is cyclic charge-discharge. Electrical equipment relies solely on batteries for power, but there's no guarantee of constant charging or readily available replacements. Therefore, batteries must be recharged after a period of use, allowing some charge to dissipate. Sometimes, due to limitations, the battery is used again before it's fully charged, and sometimes it's even deeply discharged until completely depleted. This usage causes a rapid decline in battery performance and a significant shortened lifespan. Electric bicycles are a prime example. With charging and discharging operation, lead-acid batteries typically have a lifespan of 2-5 years.

[0004] Most batteries often fail to meet the requirement of a depth of discharge not exceeding 30% during use, and sometimes are even deeply discharged to the point of being completely depleted. A depleted state refers to a battery not being charged promptly after use. This can easily lead to sulfation of the battery plates, with lead sulfate crystals adhering to the plates, increasing internal resistance, blocking ion channels, and causing insufficient charging and a decrease in battery capacity. The longer the battery remains idle in a depleted state, the more severe the damage. Electric vehicles experience sudden high-current discharges during starting, carrying passengers, and going uphill. These high-current discharges easily lead to lead sulfate crystallization, damaging the physical function of the battery plates. To address battery sulfation, a battery performance recovery device is designed to redissolve the sulfuric acid crystals back into the electrolyte, extending battery life. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology, so as to solve the problem that existing batteries will produce lead sulfate crystals due to their working conditions, which will lead to a decrease in battery life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology is connected between the output interface of an electric vehicle charger and the electric vehicle battery, comprising:

[0008] The control circuit is used to convert the direct voltage output by the electric vehicle charger into the DC voltage required by the internal electronic circuitry of the recovery device.

[0009] The integrated module MDC-001 consists of a pulse generator and a driver, used to generate positive polarity narrow pulses with a duty cycle of 10%.

[0010] The pulse conversion boost circuit charges the battery by using a VMOS power MOSFET operating in a switching state under the excitation of a 10% positive polarity narrow pulse, which generates a high-frequency pulse current through an energy storage inductor.

[0011] The output circuit uses high-frequency pulses higher than the output voltage of the electric vehicle charger to regenerate the battery.

[0012] A pulse discharge circuit is used to introduce a positive polarity narrow pulse discharge circuit with a duty cycle of 10% into the output circuit, and to connect the VMOS power MOSFET to the battery for pulse discharge.

[0013] The control circuit is connected to the output interface of the electric vehicle charger, the pulse generator is connected to the control circuit, the driver is connected to the pulse generator, the pulse conversion boost circuit is connected to the driver and the pulse discharge circuit respectively, the output circuit is connected to the pulse conversion boost circuit and the output interface of the electric vehicle charger respectively, the pulse discharge circuit is connected to the output circuit, and the battery is connected to the output circuit.

[0014] Preferably, the control circuit includes diode D3, diode D7, capacitor C1, capacitor C4, Zener diode Z1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R15, resistor R16, and resistor R17. Diode D3, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R4, and diode D7 are sequentially connected between connector CN1 and ground GND to form a loop. Capacitor C1 is connected between connector CN1 and resistor R1. Capacitor C4 is connected in parallel across resistor R4 and diode D7. Zener diode Z1 is connected in parallel with capacitor C4, and one end of Zener diode Z1 is connected to VDD.

[0015] Preferably, the integrated module MDC-001 is connected in parallel to the Zener diode Z1, and the integrated module MDC-001 is provided with interface 1, interface 2, interface 3, interface 4, interface 5, interface 6, interface 7 and interface 8. Interfaces 6, 7 and 8 are grounded, and interface 5 and interface 1 are connected in parallel to VDD.

[0016] Preferably, the pulse conversion boost circuit includes a VMOS power MOSFET Q1, an energy storage inductor L1, and a diode D4. The energy storage inductor L1 and the diode D4 are connected in series. One end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected between the diode D3 and the resistor R1. One end of the diode D4 is connected to a capacitor C2, and one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to ground GND. One end of the VMOS power MOSFET Q1 is connected between the energy storage inductor L1 and the diode D4, and the other two ends are connected to a resistor R14. One end of the resistor R14 is connected to ground GND, and the other end is connected to a capacitor C5. The capacitor C5 is connected to interface 4, and interface 3 and interface 2 are connected in parallel on interface 4.

[0017] Preferably, the output circuit includes a diode D1 connected between interface CN1 and interface CN2, and a diode D2 connected in parallel with diode D1.

[0018] Preferably, the pulse discharge circuit includes a capacitor C6, resistors R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R19. Capacitor C6 and resistor R19 are both connected in parallel with the energy storage inductor L1. One end of resistor R8 is connected to the energy storage inductor L1, and the other end is connected to resistor R10. One end of resistor R10 is connected to capacitor C2. Resistor R7 is connected in parallel with resistor R8. Resistor R9 is connected in parallel with resistor R10. One end of resistor R12 is connected to capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to interface CN2. Resistor R11 is connected in parallel with resistor R12.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This invention designs a restorer that is connected in series between a charger and a battery. Powered by the low-voltage DC output of the charger, it emits a powerful high-frequency pulse wave exceeding the output voltage of the original electric vehicle charger. This pulse wave removes sulfides adhering to the battery plates, allowing them to return to the electrolyte, thus revitalizing the battery and maintaining it in optimal condition. Provided the battery casing is not deformed, there are no internal short circuits or open circuits, and the electrolyte is at its normal level, this restorer can recover the charge of batteries that are already damaged or nearing the end of their lifespan. It is particularly effective for older, high-resistance batteries. Through the impact of the high-frequency pulse wave, supplemented by discharge pulses, it can revitalize and restore old batteries with reduced driving range, restoring their original charge and gradually achieving a driving range similar to that of a new vehicle. This allows the electric vehicle's range to be maintained for a long period, reducing battery consumption and making a significant contribution to environmental protection. Furthermore, this restorer is a purely electronic device with a normal service life of over 10 years. It can not only revitalize existing batteries until they are scrapped but also effectively prevent the formation of sulfides, continuing to protect new batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a circuit structure block diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse conversion boost circuit of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the low differential current source circuit of the present invention;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Control circuit; 2. Pulse generator; 3. Driver; 4. Pulse conversion boost circuit; 5. Output circuit; 6. Pulse discharge circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Example:

[0028] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, a lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology is connected between the output interface of an electric vehicle charger and the electric vehicle battery, comprising:

[0029] Control circuit 1 is used to convert the direct voltage output by the electric vehicle charger into the DC voltage required by the internal electronic circuit of the recovery device.

[0030] The integrated module MDC-001 consists of a pulse generator 2 and a driver 3, which are used to generate a positive polarity narrow pulse with a duty cycle of 10% and drive the VMOS power MOSFET in the pulse conversion boost circuit 4 with a high output drive capability.

[0031] The pulse conversion boost circuit 4 uses a VMOS power MOSFET operating in a switching state under the excitation of a 10% positive polarity narrow pulse to generate a high-frequency pulse current through an energy storage inductor to charge the battery.

[0032] Output circuit 5 uses high-frequency pulses higher than the output voltage of the electric vehicle charger to regenerate the battery. It also includes a reverse current protection circuit to prevent reverse current from flowing from the battery to the charger when the charger is powered off.

[0033] The pulse discharge circuit 6 is used to introduce a positive polarity narrow pulse discharge circuit with a duty cycle of 10% into the output circuit 5, and connect the VMOS power field-effect transistor to the battery for pulse discharge, thereby eliminating the concentration difference in the electrolyte, reducing concentration polarization, and adjusting the parameters of the discharge circuit can adjust the depth of discharge.

[0034] The control circuit 1 is connected to the output interface of the electric vehicle charger, the pulse generator 2 is connected to the control circuit 1, the driver 3 is connected to the pulse generator 2, the pulse conversion boost circuit 4 is connected to the driver 3 and the pulse discharge circuit 6 respectively, the output circuit 5 is connected to the pulse conversion boost circuit 4 and the output interface of the electric vehicle charger respectively, the pulse discharge circuit 6 is connected to the output circuit 5, and the battery is connected to the output circuit 5.

[0035] As shown above, by designing a restorer connected in series between the charger and the battery, relying on the low-voltage DC output power of the charger, it can emit a powerful high-frequency pulse wave that exceeds the output voltage of the original electric vehicle charger. This removes the sulfides attached to the battery plates, allowing them to return to the electrolyte, achieving an activation effect and maintaining the battery in optimal condition. As long as the battery casing is not deformed, there is no short circuit or open circuit internally, and the electrolyte inside the battery is at its normal level, it can restore the charge of scrapped or near-scrapped batteries. Especially for old, high-internal-resistance batteries, the impact of high-frequency pulse waves, supplemented by discharge pulses, can activate and restore old batteries with reduced driving range, allowing them to regain their original power and gradually reach a driving range similar to that of a new vehicle. This can maintain the electric vehicle's range for a long time and reduce battery consumption, making a significant contribution to environmental protection. Furthermore, this restorer is a purely electronic device with a normal service life of over 10 years. It can not only activate existing batteries until they are scrapped but also effectively prevent the formation of sulfides, continuing to protect new batteries.

[0036] The control circuit 1 includes diode D3, diode D7, capacitor C1, capacitor C4, Zener diode Z1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R15, resistor R16, and resistor R17. Diode D3, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R4, and diode D7 are sequentially connected between connector CN1 and ground GND to form a loop. Capacitor C1 is connected between connector CN1 and resistor R1. Capacitor C4 is connected in parallel between resistor R4 and diode D7. Zener diode Z1 is connected in parallel with capacitor C4, and one end of Zener diode Z1 is connected to VDD.

[0037] Diodes D3 and D7, capacitors C1 and C4, Zener diode Z1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R15, R16, and R17 constitute the power supply section of control circuit 1. Diode D3 is used to prevent the power lines between the electric vehicle charger and the recovery device from being reversed. If the power lines are reversed, the recovery device will lose its power supply, ensuring the electrical safety of the entire system. Capacitor C4, Zener diode Z1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R15, R16, and R17 form a series step-down and parallel voltage regulator circuit to supply power to the pulse generator, etc. Resistors R15, R16, and R17 are spares for the electric vehicle charging system. Resistor R4 and diode D7 are power on / off indicators.

[0038] The pulse conversion boost circuit 4 requires approximately 10% narrow pulses, therefore an asymmetric multivibrator with the core integrated module MDC-001 is used. The integrated module MDC-001 is connected in parallel to the Zener diode Z1, and the integrated module MDC-001 is provided with interface 1, interface 2, interface 3, interface 4, interface 5, interface 6, interface 7 and interface 8. Interfaces 6, 7 and 8 are grounded, and interface 5 and interface 1 are connected in parallel to VDD.

[0039] Please see Figures 2-3 As shown, the pulse conversion boost circuit 4 includes a VMOS power MOSFET Q1, an energy storage inductor L1, and a diode D4. The energy storage inductor L1 and the diode D4 are connected in series. One end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected between the diode D3 and the resistor R1. One end of the diode D4 is connected to a capacitor C2, and one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to ground GND. One end of the VMOS power MOSFET Q1 is connected between the energy storage inductor L1 and the diode D4, and the other two ends are connected to a resistor R14. One end of the resistor R14 is connected to ground GND, and the other end is connected to a capacitor C5. The capacitor C5 is connected to interface 4, and interface 3 and interface 2 are connected in parallel on interface 4.

[0040] A sufficiently large positive drive pulse is applied to the gate of the VMOS power MOSFET Q1, causing the drain-source of Q1 to conduct. The potential at point A is approximately zero. At this time, diode D4 is reverse-biased and the battery discharge current can only flow through resistors R7 to R10. The conduction time of VMOS power MOSFET Q1 is approximately 0.1T (about 0.9 μs). The power supply voltage is directly applied to the energy storage inductor L1, and the current IL in the energy storage inductor L1 rises linearly. The maximum value of U is 57V. Taking L1 = 33μH, we get:

[0041] IL=UL△Ton / L1=57×0.9 / 33=1.55A

[0042] The current flowing through the energy storage inductor L1 flows from left to right, and the voltage polarity across L1 is positive on the left and negative on the right. After the positive drive pulse passes, the VMOS power MOSFET Q1 is turned off. Since the current in the energy storage inductor L1 cannot change abruptly, but rather decreases, the voltage polarity of UL across L1 is reversed, becoming negative on the left and positive on the right. The value of UL depends on the length of the turn-off time, resulting in:

[0043] UL=L1△IL / △Toff=33×1.55 / ﹛0.9×(1-0.1) / 0.1﹜=6.3V

[0044] Since UL is connected in series with the +57V power supply voltage, we get:

[0045] VA = 57 + UL = 63.3V

[0046] Therefore, it can be seen that the pulse conversion boost circuit plays the role of pulse boosting.

[0047] The output circuit 5 includes a diode D1 connected between interface CN1 and interface CN2, and a diode D2 connected in parallel with the diode D1.

[0048] The pulse discharge circuit 6 includes a capacitor C6, resistors R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R19. Capacitor C6 and resistor R19 are both connected in parallel with the energy storage inductor L1. One end of resistor R8 is connected to the energy storage inductor L1, and the other end is connected to resistor R10. One end of resistor R10 is connected to capacitor C2. Resistor R7 is connected in parallel with resistor R8. Resistor R9 is connected in parallel with resistor R10. One end of resistor R12 is connected to capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to interface CN2. Resistor R11 is connected in parallel with resistor R12.

[0049] To prevent parasitic parameters in the circuit from causing excessively high peak voltages that could break down the VMOS power MOSFET Q1, a snubber circuit consisting of resistor R19 and capacitor C6 is connected in parallel with the energy storage inductor L1. Simultaneously, when the VMOS power MOSFET Q1 is turned on, it can function as a pulse discharge circuit, but the magnitude of the discharge current needs to be controlled. Resistors R11 and R12 are used to adjust and limit the charging current. Diodes D1, D2, and D3, which have unidirectional conductivity, form an anti-reverse current circuit. D4 also serves as an anti-reverse current circuit. The magnitude of the pulse discharge current is controlled by resistors R7, R8, R9, and R10.

[0050] During the debugging of the above circuit, it was found that when the battery was in use, due to the deep discharge, the terminal voltage of the battery was low. When the battery was repaired by this restorer, the charging current was large, reaching more than 2A. The charging current limiting resistors R11 and R12 overheated severely. After many experiments, a low differential voltage current source circuit was designed to replace resistors R11 and R12, which had a better effect.

[0051] Please see Figure 4As shown, the low-dropout current source circuit includes a current transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a diode D8, resistors R20, R21, R22, and R23, and a Zener diode Z2. Diode D8, Zener diode Z2, resistors R20 and R21 are connected to interface CN2 to form a loop. Resistors R22 and R23 are connected in series. One end of resistor R22 is connected to diode D8, and one end of resistor R23 is connected to Zener diode Z2. One end of current transistor Q2 is connected between resistors R22 and R23, one end is connected between diode D8 and interface CN2, and one end is connected between Zener diode Z2 and resistor R21. One end of transistor Q3 is connected between resistor R23 and Zener diode Z2, one end is connected between resistor R23 and current transistor Q2, and the other end is connected between current transistor Q2 and resistor R21.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0053] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology, connected between the output interface of an electric vehicle charger and the electric vehicle battery, characterized in that, include: The control circuit (1) is used to convert the direct voltage output by the electric vehicle charger into the DC voltage required by the internal electronic circuit of the recovery device. The integrated module MDC-001 consists of a pulse generator (2) and a driver (3) and is used to generate a positive polarity narrow pulse with a duty cycle of 10%. The pulse conversion boost circuit (4) charges the battery by generating a high-frequency pulse current through the energy storage inductor through the VMOS power field-effect transistor, which operates in the switching state under the excitation of a 10% positive polarity narrow pulse. The output circuit (5) uses a high-frequency pulse that is higher than the output voltage of the electric vehicle charger to perform restorative charging on the battery. The pulse discharge circuit (6) is used to introduce a positive polarity narrow pulse discharge circuit with a duty cycle of 10% into the output circuit (5) and connect the VMOS power field-effect transistor to the battery for pulse discharge. The control circuit (1) is connected to the output interface of the electric vehicle charger, the pulse generator (2) is connected to the control circuit (1), the driver (3) is connected to the pulse generator (2), the pulse conversion boost circuit (4) is connected to the driver (3) and the pulse discharge circuit (6) respectively, the output circuit (5) is connected to the pulse conversion boost circuit (4) and the output interface of the electric vehicle charger respectively, the pulse discharge circuit (6) is connected to the output circuit (5), and the battery is connected to the output circuit (5).

2. The lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit (1) includes diode D3, diode D7, capacitor C1, capacitor C4, Zener diode Z1, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R15, resistor R16 and resistor R17. Diode D3, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, resistor R4 and diode D7 are connected in sequence between connector CN1 and ground GND to form a loop. Capacitor C1 is connected between connector CN1 and resistor R1. Capacitor C4 is connected in parallel between resistor R4 and diode D7. Zener diode Z1 is connected in parallel with capacitor C4. One end of Zener diode Z1 is connected to VDD.

3. The lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated module MDC-001 is connected in parallel to the Zener diode Z1, and the integrated module MDC-001 is provided with interface 1, interface 2, interface 3, interface 4, interface 5, interface 6, interface 7 and interface 8. Interface 6, interface 7 and interface 8 are grounded, and interface 5 and interface 1 are connected in parallel to VDD.

4. The lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulse conversion boost circuit (4) includes a VMOS power MOSFET Q1, an energy storage inductor L1, and a diode D4. The energy storage inductor L1 and the diode D4 are connected in series. One end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected between the diode D3 and the resistor R1. One end of the diode D4 is connected to a capacitor C2. One end of the capacitor C2 is connected to ground GND. One end of the VMOS power MOSFET Q1 is connected between the energy storage inductor L1 and the diode D4. The other two ends are connected to a resistor R14. One end of the resistor R14 is connected to ground GND, and the other end is connected to a capacitor C5. The capacitor C5 is connected to interface 4, and interface 3 and interface 2 are connected in parallel on interface 4.

5. The lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output circuit (5) includes a diode D1 connected between interface CN1 and interface CN2, and a diode D2 connected in parallel with the diode D1.

6. The lead-acid battery performance recovery device based on pulse activation technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pulse discharge circuit (6) includes a capacitor C6, resistors R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and R19. The capacitor C6 and resistor R19 are both connected in parallel to the energy storage inductor L1. One end of the resistor R8 is connected to the energy storage inductor L1, and the other end is connected to the resistor R10. One end of the resistor R10 is connected to the capacitor C2. The resistor R7 is connected in parallel to the resistor R8. The resistor R9 is connected in parallel to the resistor R10. One end of the resistor R12 is connected to the capacitor C2, and the other end is connected to the interface CN2. The resistor R11 is connected in parallel to the resistor R12.

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