Backpack power supply system

Abstract

A backpack power supply system, comprising: a power tool; at least one battery pack, detachably mounted to the power tool to supply power to the power tool; a backpack power supply device, comprising: a main body, comprising: a back plate; and at least one battery pack interface, disposed on the back plate and connectable with the battery pack; wearing equipment, connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearing equipment comprises a shoulder strap, when the user wears the shoulder strap, the back plate is attached to the back of the user; a simulated battery pack, comprising: a simulated shell; a first end, configured as a cable, connected between the simulated shell and the main body; a second end, configured as an external device interface and disposed on the simulated shell, connectable with the power tool or a charger; a ratio of a sum of maximum capacities of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interfaces to a bare machine mass of the backpack power supply device is greater than or equal to 140 Wh / lb.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power tool technology, for example to a backpack power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Most power tools, widely used in various industries, are currently powered by battery packs. The working time of power tools is limited by the battery pack's range, and simply increasing the battery capacity would also increase its weight, seriously affecting the user experience of handheld power tools and the like.

[0003] This section provides background information related to this application, which is not necessarily prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] One object of this application is to solve or at least alleviate some or all of the aforementioned problems. To this end, this application provides a backpack power supply system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A charging and discharging device includes: a first battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connected to a first battery pack; a second battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connected to a second battery pack; an external device interface, providing charging power or a power-consuming load to the first and second battery packs; a charging and discharging circuit, electrically connected to the external device interface, the first battery pack interface, and the second battery pack interface; the charging and discharging circuit includes a plurality of switching transistors, including a first charging switch and a first discharging switch connected in series with the first battery pack interface, and a second charging switch and a second discharging switch connected in series with the second battery pack interface; a controller, controlling the plurality of switching transistors to control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs; the controller is configured to: detect the current of the plurality of switching transistors, and, if the current of the first discharging switch is greater than or equal to a first preset value and the current of the second charging switch is less than or equal to a second preset value, turn off at least one of the first discharging switch and the second charging switch.

[0007] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to turn off at least one of the second discharge switch and the first charging switch when the current of the second discharge switch is greater than or equal to a first preset value and the current of the first charging switch is less than or equal to a second preset value.

[0008] In some embodiments, it further includes: wearable equipment for a user to wear, including a carrying strap.

[0009] In some embodiments, it further includes: a simulated battery pack, wherein the external device interface is configured in the simulated battery pack.

[0010] In some embodiments, the external device interface can be connected to a first battery pack interface or a second battery pack interface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the controller detects the current of the switching transistor through a sampling resistor located in the charging and discharging circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, it further includes a fuse capable of blowing if the charging / discharging current at the external device interface exceeds 60A.

[0013] A backpack-type power supply device includes: a main body, comprising: a first battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a first battery pack; a second battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a second battery pack; a charging / discharging circuit, electrically connected to the first and second battery pack interfaces; the charging / discharging circuit including a plurality of switching transistors; a controller, controlling the plurality of switching transistors to control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs; wearable equipment, connected to the main body and worn by a user; and a simulated battery pack, comprising: a simulated housing; a first end, configured as a cable, connected between the simulated housing and the main body and electrically connected to the charging / discharging circuit; and a second end, configured as an external device interface and located on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a power tool or charger; the controller is configured to: upon detecting a short circuit in any one of the plurality of switching transistors, turn off the switching transistor on the non-current reverse side.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of switching transistors include a first charging switch and a first discharging switch connected in series with a first battery pack interface, and a second charging switch and a second discharging switch connected in series with a second battery pack interface.

[0015] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to turn off the discharge switch when the switch is turned off while connected to a power tool.

[0016] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to turn off the charging switch when the switching switch is turned off while connected to the charger.

[0017] In some embodiments, when connected to a power tool, if the second battery pack is charged in reverse current, the switch connected in series with the interface of the first battery pack is the switch on the non-reverse current side.

[0018] In some embodiments, when connected to a charger, if the first battery pack discharges in the reverse direction, the switch connected in series with the second battery pack interface is the switch on the non-reverse current side.

[0019] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to turn off the remaining switches if reverse current still exists after the switching transistor is turned off.

[0020] In some embodiments, when a short circuit in the switching transistor is detected, the voltage difference between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is greater than or equal to 2V.

[0021] A backpack-type power supply device includes: a main body, comprising: a first battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a first battery pack; a second battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a second battery pack; a charging / discharging circuit, electrically connected to the first and second battery pack interfaces; the charging / discharging circuit including a plurality of switching transistors; a controller, controlling the plurality of switching transistors to control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs; wearable equipment, connected to the main body and worn by a user; and a simulated battery pack, comprising: a simulated housing; a first end, configured as a cable, connected between the simulated housing and the main body and electrically connected to the charging / discharging circuit; and a second end, configured as an external device interface and located on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a power tool or a charger; the controller is configured to: when a short circuit is detected in any one of the plurality of switching transistors, turn off the discharging switching transistor when connected to a power tool, and turn off the charging switching transistor when connected to a charger.

[0022] A backpack-type power supply device includes: a main body, comprising: a first battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a first battery pack; a second battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a second battery pack; a charging and discharging circuit, electrically connected to the first and second battery pack interfaces; the charging and discharging circuit includes multiple electronic switches; a controller, controlling the multiple electronic switches to control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs; wearable equipment, connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment includes a shoulder strap; and a simulated battery pack, comprising: a simulated housing; a first end, configured as a cable, connected between the simulated housing and the main body, and electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit; a second end, configured as an external device interface and located on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a power tool or charger; the controller is configured to: when the second end is connected to a charger or power tool, and the first and second battery pack interfaces are respectively connected to the first and second battery packs, determine the charging and discharging sequence of the first and second battery packs based on the voltages of the first and second battery packs.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first battery pack interface is the same as the second battery pack interface.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first battery pack is the same as the second battery pack.

[0025] In some embodiments, the number of cells in the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the connection method between the cells are different.

[0026] In some embodiments, the charging and discharging of the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack are performed through an external device interface.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first battery pack interface and / or the second battery pack interface include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a communication electrode; the external device interface includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a communication terminal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the main body has a base located below the first battery pack interface and the second battery pack interface, and the controller is housed within the base.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel to perform charging and discharging on the external device interface; when at least one of the first battery pack and the second battery pack is connected to the main body, the external device interface can perform charging and discharging with a power tool or charger.

[0030] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to convert battery pack information transmitted from a first battery pack and / or a second battery pack connected to the main body into identifiable information for a power tool or charger connected to an external device interface before transmitting it.

[0031] In some embodiments, it further includes a fuse capable of blowing if the charging / discharging current at the external device interface exceeds 60A.

[0032] A backpack-type power supply device includes: a main body, comprising: a first battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a first battery pack; a second battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a second battery pack; a charging and discharging circuit, electrically connected to the first and second battery pack interfaces; the charging and discharging circuit includes multiple electronic switches; a controller, controlling the multiple electronic switches to control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs; wearable equipment, connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment includes a shoulder strap; and a simulated battery pack, comprising: a simulated housing; a first end, configured as a cable, connected between the simulated housing and the main body, and electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit; and a second end, configured as an external device interface and located on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a power tool or charger; the controller is configured to, when the second end is connected to a charger and the first and second battery pack interfaces are respectively connected to the first and second battery packs, control the battery pack with the lower current voltage to charge first, until the voltages of the first and second battery packs are approximately equal, and then charge them simultaneously.

[0033] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to, when the second end is connected to a power tool and the first battery pack interface and the second battery pack interface are respectively connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, control the battery pack with the higher current voltage to discharge first, until the voltages of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are approximately equal, and then discharge simultaneously.

[0034] A backpack-type power supply device includes: a main body, comprising: a first battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a first battery pack; a second battery pack interface, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a second battery pack; a charging and discharging circuit, electrically connected to the first and second battery pack interfaces; the charging and discharging circuit includes multiple electronic switches; a controller, controlling the multiple electronic switches to control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs; wearable equipment, connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment includes a shoulder strap; and a simulated battery pack, comprising: a simulated housing; a first end, configured as a cable, connected between the simulated housing and the main body, and electrically connected to the charging and discharging circuit; and a second end, configured as an external device interface and located on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to a power tool or charger; the controller is configured to, when the second end is connected to a power tool and the first and second battery pack interfaces are respectively connected to the first and second battery packs, control the battery pack with the higher current discharge voltage to discharge first, until the voltages of the first and second battery packs are approximately equal, and then discharge simultaneously.

[0035] A backpack power supply system includes: a power tool; at least one battery pack detachably mounted to the power tool to supply power; a backpack power supply device including: a main body including: a back plate; and at least one battery pack interface disposed on the back plate and capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to the battery pack; wearable equipment connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment including a shoulder strap, wherein the back plate conforms to the user's back when the user wears the shoulder strap; and a simulated battery pack including: a simulated housing; a first end configured as a cable connecting the simulated housing and the main body; and a second end configured as an external device interface disposed on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to the power tool or a charger; the ratio of the maximum sum of the battery pack capacities connected to the battery pack interface to the bare weight of the backpack power supply device is greater than or equal to 140 Wh / lb.

[0036] In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the maximum capacities of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the mass of the backpack power supply device including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 52Wh / lb.

[0037] In some embodiments, battery packs with different numbers of cells and / or different connection methods between cells can be selectively installed to the same or different battery pack interfaces.

[0038] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the battery pack connected to the battery pack interface is 56V.

[0039] In some embodiments, the battery pack connected to the battery pack interface includes up to four parallel cell modules, each cell module comprising multiple cells connected in series.

[0040] In some embodiments, the main body has two battery pack interfaces: a first battery pack interface for connecting a first battery pack and a second battery pack interface for connecting a second battery pack; the charging and discharging of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are both performed through the external device interface.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first battery pack interface is the same as the second battery pack interface.

[0042] In some embodiments, the backsheet comprises polypropylene foam material.

[0043] A backpack power supply system includes: a power tool; at least one battery pack detachably mounted to the power tool to supply power to the power tool; a backpack power supply device including: a main body including: a back plate; and at least one battery pack interface disposed on the back plate and capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to the battery pack; wearable equipment connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment includes a shoulder strap, and the back plate conforms to the user's back when the user wears the shoulder strap; a simulated battery pack including: a simulated housing; a first end configured as a cable connecting the simulated housing and the main body; and a second end configured as an external device interface disposed on the simulated housing, capable of mechanically and electrically connecting to the power tool or a charger; the ratio of the sum of the maximum charging power of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the bare mass of the backpack power supply device is greater than or equal to 30 W / lb.

[0044] In some embodiments, the ratio of the sum of the maximum charging power of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the mass of the backpack power supply device including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 15W / lb.

[0045] In some embodiments, the bare weight of the backpack power supply unit is less than or equal to 9 lbs.

[0046] The technical effects of this application include at least the following: improving the output performance of the backpack power supply device while taking into account its portability, and further ensuring its safety and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the backpack power supply device in one embodiment of this application without the battery pack installed;

[0048] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a backpack power supply unit with a battery pack installed.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a backpack power supply system as one embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2The backpack power supply device shown is a side view from one perspective.

[0051] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2 A perspective view of the backpack power supply device from another angle.

[0052] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the circuit board, shielding components, etc. inside the main base of the backpack power supply device shown.

[0053] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2 A magnified view of the air vents, water leakage holes, etc. at the bottom of the main body of the backpack power supply device shown.

[0054] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2 The backpack power supply device shown is viewed from a different angle, from a bottom perspective.

[0055] Figure 9 This is an electrical control schematic diagram of a backpack power supply system, backpack power supply device, or charging / discharging device as an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between fuse melting time and current value in the backpack power supply device.

[0057] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of a charger as one embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figure captions: 1. Backpack power supply system; 100. Backpack power supply device; 200. Battery pack; 201. First battery pack; 202. Second battery pack; 301. Power tool; 302. Charger;

[0059] 10. Main body; 20. Wearable equipment; 30. Simulated battery pack; 11. Back panel; 12. Battery pack interface; 121. First battery pack interface; 122. Second battery pack interface; 13. Base; 131. Vent; 132. Drainage hole; 14. Circuit board; 141. Controller; 142. Charging and discharging circuit; 143. Electronic switch / switching tube; 144. Heat sink; 145. Waterproof interface; 146. Shielding component; 15. Power display module; 21. Shoulder strap; 22. Waist belt; 31. First end / cable; 32. Second end / external device interface; 33. Simulated shell; 34. Connection structure. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Before explaining any implementation of this application in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to its application to the structural details and component arrangements set forth in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0061] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0062] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "and / or" relationship.

[0063] In this application, the terms "connection," "combination," "coupling," and "installation" can refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, a direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediary, while an indirect connection refers to two parts or components each being connected to at least one intermediary, with the connection achieved through the intermediary. Furthermore, "connection" and "coupling" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, but can also include electrical connections or couplings.

[0064] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that relative terms (e.g., “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions are to include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, such relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a particular value, tolerances associated with the particular value due to manufacturing, assembly, use, etc. Such terms should also be considered as disclosing a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​not using relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. Furthermore, “basically” when expressing relative angular relationships (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular) may refer to a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) added to or subtracted from the indicated angle.

[0065] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0066] In this application, the directional terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used to describe the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when an element is mentioned as being connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional terms such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, and rear side not only represent positive orientation but can also be understood as lateral orientation. For example, "below" can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower rear.

[0067] In this application, the terms "controller," "processor," "central processing unit," "CPU," and "MCU" are used interchangeably. When using the unit "controller," "processor," "central processing unit," "CPU," or "MCU" to perform a specific function, unless otherwise stated, these functions may be performed by a single or multiple of the aforementioned units.

[0068] In this application, the terms "device," "module," or "unit" are used to describe devices that can be implemented in hardware or software to perform a specific function.

[0069] In this application, the terms “calculation,” “judgment,” “control,” “determine,” “identify,” etc., refer to the operation and process of a computer system or similar electronic computing device (e.g., controller, processor, etc.).

[0070] As stated in the background section, the working time of battery-powered power tools is mainly limited by the battery's endurance. Simply increasing the battery capacity would increase its weight accordingly, failing to adequately address this problem. Therefore, this application proposes a backpack-style power supply device or system, in which the battery pack is mounted on the device, shifting the primary weight of the battery pack to the user's back and reducing hand strain when holding the power tool. However, with increasing expectations for the performance of power tools, including various garden tools, the output power and other specifications of these tools are constantly increasing, necessitating corresponding improvements and optimizations to the aforementioned backpack-style power supply device or system.

[0071] refer to Figure 1This document illustrates a backpack power supply device 100 as one embodiment of this application. The backpack power supply device 100 can accommodate a battery pack 200 and can be connected to both a power tool 301 and a charger 302. The battery pack 200, once installed in the backpack power supply device 100, can be considered an integral part of it, becoming an energy storage component within the device. When connected to the power tool 301, the backpack power supply device 100 acts as a discharging device, supplying power from the battery pack 200 to the connected power tool 301. When connected to the charger 302, the backpack power supply device 100 acts as a charging device, receiving power from an external power source such as AC mains through the connected charger 302. In other words, a backpack power supply device 100 for both charging and discharging is proposed herein, offering improved battery life and convenience. Furthermore, in the main solution of this application, the backpack power supply device 100 has at least two battery pack interfaces 12, which can accommodate one or more battery packs 200. At the same time, the control and management of its charging and discharging process are also optimized accordingly.

[0072] refer to Figure 2 This illustrates a backpack power supply system 1 as one embodiment of this application. The backpack power supply system 1 may include, for example... Figure 1 The backpack power supply device 100 shown can be equipped with at least one battery pack 200 and a power tool 301 that can receive power from the backpack power supply device 100 and its battery pack 200. It should be noted that when the backpack power supply system 1 is illustrated with a single backpack power supply device 100, there can be more than one battery pack 200 that can be installed on the device and more than one power tool 301 that can be powered by the device. In some embodiments, the backpack power supply device 100 can simultaneously install two or more battery packs 200. In some embodiments, the backpack power supply device 100 can power garden tools such as hair dryers. When users use this backpack power supply system 1 for various production operations, it offers multiple advantages such as portability, powerful output, long battery life, fast power recovery, and light workload.

[0073] The backpack power supply device 100 and backpack power supply system 1 described above will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0074] refer to Figures 1 to 8The backpack power supply device 100 of this application includes a main body 10, wearable equipment 20, and a simulated battery pack 30. The main body 10 is where the actual charging and discharging management and control are performed in the backpack power supply device 100. The wearable equipment 20 is connected to the main body 10 and performs the carrying function of the device; the two can be fixedly connected, or the wearable equipment 20 can be detachably connected to the main body 10. The simulated battery pack 30 can be movably connected to the main body 10, maintaining an electrical connection with the main body 10 while also being able to detach from the main body 10 within a certain range to be installed on a power tool 301 to be powered or a charger 302 for charging; in other words, the simulated battery pack 30 serves as an interface for connecting to external devices.

[0075] The main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 is provided with at least one battery pack interface 12, each battery pack interface 12 providing mechanical and electrical connection to a battery pack 200. For example, the main body 10 may include a back plate 11 and the aforementioned battery pack interface 12 disposed on the back plate 11. The accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments mainly describe the case where the main body 10 has two battery pack interfaces 12: a first battery pack interface 121, providing mechanical and electrical connection to a first battery pack 201, and a second battery pack interface 122, providing mechanical and electrical connection to a second battery pack 202. The aforementioned battery pack 200 can be a power tool battery pack, capable of being installed as an independent power supply device on the power tool 301 to supply power without relying on the backpack power supply device 100, or connected to a charger 302 to receive power from an external power source. However, this case mainly describes the scenario where it is installed on the backpack power supply device 100, and the backpack power supply device 100 uniformly supplies power to the power tool 301 or charges it from the charger 302.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery pack interface 12 (first battery pack interface 121 and / or second battery pack interface 122) includes positive and negative electrodes for transmitting electrical energy and communication electrodes for exchanging data signals. In some embodiments, the battery pack interface 12 may also take other different forms.

[0077] In some embodiments, the main body 10 further includes a base 13, which may have an internal receiving space, and the controller 141, which will be described later, may be housed within the receiving space of the base 13. Alternatively, the charging and discharging circuit 142, which will be described later, may also be housed within the base 13. Exemplarily, the base 13 may be located at the lower part of the main body 10, and the back plate 11 described above and its battery pack interface 12 may be located above the base 13, together constituting the main body 10 of the generally L-shaped backpack power supply device 100. In some embodiments, the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 may be mounted vertically on the main body 10. The presence of the base 13 can effectively help prevent tilting and tipping when only the battery pack 200 is mounted on the upper part of the main body 10, allowing the backpack power supply device 100 to remain stable.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5 to 8 As shown, an air vent 131 can be provided at a position such as the lower end face of the base 13 of the main body 10. Above the air vent 131 can be a heat sink 144 provided on the bottom surface of the circuit board 14 housed inside the base 13, and the front of the circuit board 14 can be arranged with electronic components such as a controller 141 and a charging / discharging circuit 142. Optionally, a shielding member 146 can also be provided between the air vent 131 at the bottom of the base 13 and the internal circuit board 14. The shielding member 146 serves a waterproof function, preventing moisture from approaching the electronic components on the circuit board 14 from the air vent 131. Further, the shielding member 146 can be optionally provided at a position that blocks the path from the air vent 131 to the electronic components on the front of the circuit board 14 but does not block the path from the air vent 131 to the heat sink 144, and has a shape adapted to the aforementioned purpose.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the circuit board 14 inside the base 13 of the main body 10 is connected to the battery pack interface 12, and / or the circuit board 14 is connected to the first end cable 31 of the simulated battery pack 30, which will be described later, via an interface mating method, and a high-waterproof interface 145 is used here. This facilitates the disassembly and replacement of relevant components during subsequent maintenance and repair, and also enhances the waterproof insulation of key parts inside the backpack power supply device 100.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the lower end face of the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 is also provided with a drainage hole 132, which prevents a large amount of water from accumulating inside the main body 10 and thus does not affect the insulation of the internal electrical circuits. For example, the drainage hole 132 may be lower in height than the air vent 131.

[0081] The wearable device 20 connected to the main body 10 may include a shoulder strap 21, which allows the user to carry the backpack-type power supply device 100. When the user wears the shoulder strap 21 to carry the device, the aforementioned back panel 11 can be in a state of substantially conforming to the user's back. Optionally, the wearable device 20 may further include a waist belt 22 to distribute some of the weight. In some embodiments, the main body 10 and the wearable device 20 are detachably connected, and the wearable device 20 can be detached from the main body 10 for cleaning, replacement, etc. In some embodiments, some components of the wearable device 20 have an adjustment function; for example, the length of the shoulder strap 21 can be adjusted according to the user's height.

[0082] The simulated battery pack 30 has a simulated housing 33 and a first end 31 and a second end 32. The simulated housing 33 constitutes the main body 10 of the simulated battery pack 30, and its shape may be similar to that of a power tool battery pack 200, such as a first battery pack 201 or a second battery pack 202 on the main body 10. The difference is that the simulated housing 33 may not house energy storage components such as battery cells. The simulated battery pack 30 has a first end 31 facing the main body 10, which may be in the form of a cable. The cable 31 connects the simulated housing 33 and the main body 10, allowing for both mechanical and electrical connection between the main body 10 and the simulated battery pack 30. Optionally, the cable 31 can be connected to the simulated housing 33 and / or the main body 10 via an interface connection. In some cases, the cable 31 is fixedly connected to the main body 10, while the connection between the cable 31 and the simulated housing 33 is detachable. The simulated battery pack 30 also has a second end 32 facing external devices such as power tools 301 or chargers 302. This second end 32 can be an external device interface 32 located on the simulated housing 33, i.e., a power tool interface or a charger interface. Through coupling with the external device interface 32, the simulated battery pack 30 is mechanically and electrically connected to the installed power tool 301 or charger 302. Thus, the battery pack 200 forms a power-fed connection loop through the battery pack interface 12 on the main body 10, the main body 10 through the first end 31 of the simulated battery pack 30, and the external device through the second end 32 of the simulated battery pack 30.

[0083] In some embodiments, the same external device interface 32 can be used when the backpack power supply device 100 supplies power to the power tool 301 and charges from the charger 302. That is, for the backpack power supply device 100, charging and discharging are done through the same interface.

[0084] In some embodiments, the external device interface 32 includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal for transmitting electrical energy, and a communication terminal for exchanging data signals. In some embodiments, the external device interface 32 can be connected to the battery pack interface 12 (first battery pack interface 121 or second battery pack interface 122), the positive and negative terminals can be coupled and adapted to the positive and negative electrode plates, and the communication terminal can be coupled and adapted to the communication electrode plates. In other words, the external device interface 32 of the simulated battery pack 30 in the backpack power supply device 100 simulates the interface form of the power tool battery pack 200 (first and second battery packs 201 and 202) installed on the device, and therefore can be docked with the battery pack interface 12 on the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 for mounting the battery pack 200.

[0085] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the backpack-style power supply device 100 in this case can be roughly shaped like a backpack. During operation, one or more battery packs 200 are carried on the user's back. The simulated battery pack 30 can be temporarily attached to the device or can be detached from the device within a certain range of movement and attached to the power tool 301 or the charger 302, while the user's hands only need to hold the power tool body.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, a connection structure 34, such as a snap-fit, magnetic attraction, or clamp, can be provided between the simulated housing 33 of the simulated battery pack 30 and the main body 10 to allow the simulated battery pack 30 to be detachably installed onto the main body 10. For example, hooks and buckles are provided on the simulated housing 33 and the main body 10 respectively, which can temporarily fix the simulated battery pack 30 onto the main body 10. It can be understood that the connection structure 34 here focuses on the mechanical "accommodation" of the simulated battery pack 30 on the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100, providing a place for the simulated battery pack 30 when not in use, without occupying the user's hands, which differs from the electrical connection function mainly undertaken by the first end cable 31 connecting the simulated housing 33 and the main body 10. In some embodiments, the simulated battery pack 30 can be installed onto the main body 10 via the connection structure 34, such as a snap-fit, while the first end cable 31 is connected between the simulated housing 33 and the main body 10; alternatively, the simulated battery pack 30 can also be installed onto the main body 10 while the connection between the first end cable 31 and the simulated housing 33 is detached.

[0087] Following the foregoing, both the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 can be mounted on the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100. The main body 10 also includes a controller 141 and a charging / discharging circuit 142. The charging / discharging circuit 142 can be electrically connected to the aforementioned first battery pack interface 121 and second battery pack interface 122, and also to the aforementioned external device interface 32, thereby performing numerical and format conversions (AC-DC conversion, buck-boost conversion, filtering, etc.) for the power transmission between the battery pack 200 mounted on the device and external devices such as the power tool 301 and charger 302. The charging / discharging circuit 142 includes multiple electronic switches 143, whose switching states can change in response to input signals, thereby correspondingly turning on or off a certain circuit. For example, the electronic switches 143 can be switching transistors such as MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) and IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors). The controller 141 in the main body 10 can control and manage the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202. Specifically, the controller 141 can at least control the switching state of the aforementioned electronic switches 143 such as the switching transistors to control the charging and discharging of the battery packs.

[0088] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 After installation, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 can be connected in parallel and charged / discharged through the external device interface 32. When there is a voltage difference between the two battery packs, the current can flow from the first battery pack 201 to the second battery pack 202 or from the second battery pack 202 to the first battery pack 201, rather than being transmitted between the battery pack and the external device. In some embodiments, the controller 141 can switch the switching states of the aforementioned plurality of electronic switches 143 based on the currently expected charging / discharging process to ensure that the current flows correctly between the backpack power supply device 100 and the external device. However, electronic switches 143, such as switching transistors, are also susceptible to damage, especially in scenarios with increased voltage and current. Electronic switches 143 are prone to damage and short circuits, losing their original control capability for circuit switching, and current backflow may occur between the battery packs with voltage differences.

[0089] like Figure 9As shown, the charging / discharging circuit 142 includes a first charging switch TC1 and a first discharging switch TD1 between the first battery pack 201 and the first battery pack interface 121, and a second charging switch TC2 and a second discharging switch TD2 between the second battery pack 202 and the second battery pack interface 122. Exemplarily, the first charging switch TC1 and the first discharging switch TD1 can be connected in series with the first battery pack interface 121; the second charging switch TC2 and the second discharging switch TD2 can be connected in series with the second battery pack interface 122. The first and second charging switches TC1 and TC2 and the first and second discharging switches TD1 and TD2 will receive switching signals from the controller 141 to correspondingly switch their states. In some embodiments, the first charging / discharging switches TC1 and TD1 of the first battery pack 201 are configured as back-to-back switches 143; in some embodiments, the second charging / discharging switches TC2 and TD2 of the second battery pack 202 are configured as back-to-back switches 143. Understandably, the diagram illustrates the example of a battery pack 200 with all its charge / discharge switches positioned at the positive terminal. In other examples, the charge / discharge switches of a battery pack 200 may be positioned at both the positive and negative terminals, or both at the negative terminal. This does not affect the implementation or effectiveness of this invention and does not constitute a limitation. Furthermore, the diagram illustrates the electronic control principle of this invention; the hardware implementation may include more electronic components.

[0090] When both the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 are discharging, and under normal conditions where the switching transistor 143 is not faulty, the controller 141 can control the first discharge switching transistor TD1 and the second discharge switching transistor TD2 to conduct, thus connecting the discharge circuit from the interfaces 121 and 122 of the first and second battery packs to the external device interface 32. The controller 141 can also control the first charging switching transistor TC1 and the second charging switching transistor TC2 to turn off, so even if there is a voltage difference between the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, the reverse charging circuit from the high-voltage battery pack to the low-voltage battery pack can be disconnected due to the turning off of the charging switching transistor 143 of the low-voltage battery pack.

[0091] When both the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 are charging, and the switching transistor 143 is functioning normally, the controller 141 can turn on the first charging switching transistor TC1 and the second charging switching transistor TC2, thus connecting the charging circuit from the external device interface 32 to the interfaces 121 and 122 of the first and second battery packs. The controller 141 can also turn off the first discharging switching transistor TD1 and the second discharging switching transistor TD2, so even if there is a voltage difference between the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, the reverse charging circuit from the high-voltage battery pack to the low-voltage battery pack can be disconnected due to the turn-off of the discharging switching transistor 143 of the high-voltage battery pack.

[0092] However, if any one of the four switching transistors 143 in the charging / discharging circuit 142 is damaged or malfunctions and short-circuits, the mechanism for disconnecting the reverse charging circuit will fail when there is a voltage difference between the first and second battery packs 201 and 202. Some current will flow between the battery packs, leading to reduced efficiency and some safety hazards. Therefore, in an alternative implementation, the controller 141 of the backpack power supply device 100 in this application can be configured to turn off the switching transistor 143 on the non-current-reverse side when a short circuit is detected in any one of the multiple switching transistors 143. Specifically, during the dual-battery pack discharge process, if a short circuit is detected in any switching transistor 143, the controller 141 will turn off the switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200 whose branch current is still in the discharge direction, that is, turn off the switching transistor 143 of the high-voltage side battery pack. For example, the controller 141 outputs a signal that can at least turn off the discharge switching transistor 143 of the high-voltage battery pack. During the dual-battery pack charging process, if a short circuit is detected in any of the switching transistors 143, the controller 141 will turn off the switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200 whose current is still in the charging direction on the branch, that is, turn off the switching transistor 143 of the low-voltage side battery pack; for example, the controller 141 outputs a signal that can at least turn off the charging switching transistor 143 of the low-voltage battery pack.

[0093] In one embodiment, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are in the process of discharging, and there is a voltage difference between the first and second battery packs 201 and 202, with the first battery pack 201 being the high-voltage battery pack. Under normal conditions, the first and second discharge switches TD1 and TD2 are turned on, and the first and second charging switches TC1 and TC2 are turned off. If at some moment, the second charging switch TC2 is short-circuited, the current of the first battery pack 201, which is the high-voltage side, flows into the second battery pack 202, which is the low-voltage side, through the first discharge switch TD1 and the second charging switch TC2. The reverse charging circuit is connected, and the current direction on the branch of the second battery pack 202 on the short-circuit side is reversed from the discharge direction to the charging direction. After the controller 141 detects that the second charging switch TC2 is short-circuited, it can at least control the first discharge switch TD1 of the first battery pack 201 on the non-current reverse side to turn off. Conversely, the same applies when the second battery pack 202 is a high-voltage battery pack and the first charging switch TC1 is short-circuited. After the controller 141 detects that the switch 143 is short-circuited, it controls the second discharge switch TD2 of the second battery pack 202 on the non-current reverse side to turn off.

[0094] In one embodiment, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are in the charging process, and there is a voltage difference between them, with the first battery pack 201 being the high-voltage battery pack. Under normal conditions, the first and second charging switches TC1 and TC2 are on, while the first and second discharging switches TD1 and TD2 are off. If, at some point, the first discharging switch TD1 is short-circuited, the current from the high-voltage side of the first battery pack 201 flows through the first discharging switch TD1 and the second charging switch TC2 into the low-voltage side of the second battery pack 202. The reverse charging circuit is connected, and the current direction on the branch of the first battery pack 201 on the short-circuit side is reversed from the charging direction to the discharging direction. After detecting a short circuit in the first discharging switch TD1, the controller 141 can at least control the second charging switch TC2 of the second battery pack 202 on the non-current direction side to turn off. Conversely, if the second battery pack 202 is a high-voltage battery pack and the second discharge switch TD2 is short-circuited, the controller 141 will control the first charging switch TC1 of the first battery pack 201 on the non-current reverse side to turn off after recognizing that the switch 143 is short-circuited.

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Table 1

[0098] In another alternative implementation, the controller 141 of the backpack power supply device 100 may be configured to, when a short circuit is detected in any one of the plurality of switching transistors 143, turn off the discharge switching transistor 143 in the charging / discharging circuit 142 while connected to the power tool 301. Exemplarily, the controller 141 may at least turn off the discharge switching transistor 143 on the non-reverse current side. Further, the controller 141 may also be configured to, when a short circuit is detected in any one of the plurality of switching transistors 143, turn off the charging switching transistor 143 in the charging / discharging circuit 142 while connected to the charger 302. Exemplarily, the controller 141 may at least turn off the charging switching transistor 143 on the non-reverse current side.

[0099] Referring to Table 1 above, it is understandable that a short circuit in any of the four switching transistors 143 in the charging / discharging circuit 142 may cause a corresponding reverse charging current. When the controller 141 of the backpack power supply device 100 detects a short circuit in any of the switching transistors 143, it needs to turn off some of the switching transistors 143 to prevent reverse charging from occurring. However, if more than one switching transistor 143 is short-circuited or reverse charging cannot be stopped after being turned off, the controller 141 can continue to turn off the remaining switching transistors 143 to ensure the complete safety of the device and system. In an alternative implementation, the controller 141 can perform two sequential turn-off actions on the switching transistors 143, with the second turn-off based on whether the reverse charging circuit is still connected. That is, after turning off some of the switching transistors 143 for the first time, it is determined whether there is still a reverse charging current in the charging / discharging circuit 142, and if so, the remaining switching transistors 143 are turned off. As described above and shown in Table 1, when a short circuit of a switch 143 is identified, at least the switch 143 on the non-current reverse side used to control the non-reverse current must be turned off, including the discharge switch 143 of the high-voltage side battery pack 200 when connected to the power tool 301, and the charging switch 143 of the low-voltage side battery pack 200 when connected to the charger 302.

[0100] In one implementation, when the controller 141 detects a short circuit in any one of the multiple switching transistors 143, it first turns off the switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200 on the non-current reverse side. Then, if it determines that there is still a reverse charging current, it continues to turn off the switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200 on the current reverse side. Further, in some embodiments, when turning off the switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200 on the non-current reverse side, if it is connected to the power tool 301, its discharge switching transistor 143 can be turned off first; if it is connected to the charger 302, its charging switching transistor 143 can be turned off first. Here, it is also possible to add a judgment on whether there is still a reverse charging current after turning off, and if so, continue to perform the turn-off action.

[0101] In another implementation, when the controller 141 detects a short circuit in any one of the multiple switching transistors 143, if the device is connected to the power tool 301, it first turns off the discharge switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200. Then, if it is determined that there is still a reverse charging current, it continues to turn off the charging switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200. If the device is connected to the charger 302, it first turns off the charging switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200. Then, if it is determined that there is still a reverse charging current, it continues to turn off the discharge switching transistor 143 of the battery pack 200. Further, in some embodiments, when turning off the discharge switching transistor 143 when connected to the power tool 301, the discharge switching transistor 143 on the non-current reverse side can be turned off first, that is, the discharge switching transistor 143 of the high-voltage battery pack 200 can be turned off. When turning off the charging switching transistor 143 when connected to the charger 302, the charging switching transistor 143 on the non-current reverse side can be turned off first, that is, the charging switching transistor 143 of the low-voltage battery pack 200 can be turned off. Here, a check can also be added to determine whether there is still reverse charging current after shutdown; if so, the shutdown action can continue.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first and second discharge switches 143 of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are kept in the on state to allow external devices to perform interface voltage detection, etc. The controller 141 can detect and turn off the switches 143 in the charging and discharging circuit 142 in batches after identifying a short circuit in the switch 143, as described above.

[0103] In some embodiments, the controller 141 can detect the current of multiple switching transistors 143 in the charging / discharging circuit 142 to determine whether a short-circuited switching transistor 143 exists. For example, the controller 141 can determine that the reverse charging circuit is connected, indicating a short circuit in a switching transistor 143, if the current of the discharging switching transistor 143 constituting a reverse charging circuit is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and the current of the corresponding charging switching transistor 143 is less than or equal to a second preset value. In one embodiment, if the measured current of the first discharging switching transistor 143 is greater than or equal to the first preset value and the current of the second charging switching transistor 143 is less than or equal to the second preset value, then the reverse charging circuit composed of the first discharging switching transistor 143 and the second charging switching transistor 143 is connected. The first battery pack 201 is the high-voltage side, and the second battery pack 202 is the low-voltage side, with current flowing from the first battery pack 201 to the second battery pack 202. At least one of the first discharging switching transistor 143 and the second charging switching transistor 143 is short-circuited. In another embodiment, if the measured current of the second discharge switch 143 is greater than or equal to a first preset value and the current of the first charging switch 143 is less than or equal to a second preset value, then the reverse charging circuit formed by the second discharge switch 143 and the first charging switch 143 is connected. The second battery pack 202 is the high-voltage side, and the first battery pack 201 is the low-voltage side; current flows from the second battery pack 202 to the first battery pack 201. At least one of the second discharge switch 143 and the first charging switch 143 is short-circuited. In some embodiments, the controller 141 detects the current of the switch 143 through a sampling resistor set in the charging / discharging circuit 142. For example, the sampling resistor is connected in series with the switch 143, and the controller 141 calculates the current on the switch 143 connected in series by detecting the voltage across the sampling resistor. In some embodiments, the aforementioned first and second preset values ​​for determining a short circuit in the switch 143 are approximately ±3A.

[0104] In some embodiments, when a short circuit is detected in the switching transistor 143, the voltage difference between the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 is greater than or equal to 2V. In some embodiments, a short circuit in the switching transistor 143 can also be detected when the voltage difference between the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 is greater than or equal to 1V. Alternatively, in some embodiments, when a short circuit in the switching transistor 143 is detected, the voltage difference between the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 is greater than or equal to 3V.

[0105] In some embodiments, in addition to the controller 141 monitoring the short-circuit reverse charging of the switching transistor 143, the backpack power supply device 100 is also equipped with a fuse. This fuse is capable of blowing if the charging / discharging current at the external device interface 32 exceeds 60A; that is, it disconnects the device from the external device if the total discharge current or total charging current exceeds 60A, thereby enhancing the safety protection of the backpack power supply device 100 at the hardware level. In some embodiments, reference is made to... Figure 10 The speed at which the fuse blows can be adapted to and inversely correlated with the total current value on the external device interface 32. The greater the proportion of charging and discharging current on the external device interface 32 that exceeds 60A, the faster the fuse blows.

[0106] Correspondingly, this application also proposes a charging and discharging device, which has a first battery pack interface 121 and a second battery pack interface 122 that can be mechanically and electrically connected to the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, respectively. It also has an external device interface 32 that can connect to external devices. The external device connected to the external device interface 32 will become the charging power source or power-consuming load for the first battery pack 201 and / or the second battery pack 202. The charging and discharging device controls and manages the charging and discharging between the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 and the external device, including a charging and discharging circuit 142 electrically connected to the above three interfaces. The charging and discharging circuit 142 includes a first charging switch 143 and a first discharging switch 143 connected in series to the first battery pack interface 121, and a second charging switch 143 and a second discharging switch 143 connected in series to the second battery pack interface 122. The charging and discharging device also includes a controller 141 that can control the switching states of the first and second charging switch tubes 143 and the first and second discharging switch tubes 143. The switching states of the switch tubes 143 can change the on / off state of the charging and discharging circuit of the battery pack 200, and the controller 141 can thus control the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202.

[0107] Specifically, the controller 141 can detect the current of the aforementioned plurality of switching transistors 143. If the current of the first discharge switching transistor 143 is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and the current of the second charging switching transistor 143 is less than or equal to a second preset value, the controller 141 turns off at least one of the first discharge switching transistor 143 and the second charging switching transistor 143. Alternatively, the controller 141 can detect the current of the aforementioned plurality of switching transistors 143. If the current of the second discharge switching transistor 143 is greater than or equal to the first preset value, and the current of the first charging switching transistor 143 is less than or equal to the second preset value, the controller 141 turns off at least one of the second discharge switching transistor 143 and the first charging switching transistor 143.

[0108] The aforementioned charging and discharging device may include the backpack-type power supply device 100 described above, having a wearable device 20 with a shoulder strap 21 for user wear. Exemplarily, the charging and discharging device may also include a simulated battery pack 30 in the form of a battery pack 200 simulating a power tool 301, for installation on external devices such as the power tool 301 and charger 302, and the aforementioned external device interface 32 may be provided on the simulated battery pack 30. It is understood that one or more of the contents of the various embodiments and examples of the backpack-type power supply device 100 for short-circuit reverse charging protection described above can be incorporated into the charging and discharging device, which already has a basis for implementation. Furthermore, the charging and discharging device may also include other devices besides the backpack-type power supply device 100.

[0109] As mentioned above, the backpack power supply device 100 includes a main body 10 and wearable equipment 20 and simulated battery pack 30 connected thereto. The main body 10 is provided with first and second battery pack interfaces 121 and 122, as well as a controller 141 and a charging and discharging circuit 142. The wearable equipment 20 includes a shoulder strap 21. The simulated battery pack 30 is provided with an external device interface 32. Other related components and structures can be referred to above. Another alternative implementation is proposed here, which differs from the aforementioned implementation in its electronic control design. In this implementation, the controller 141 in the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 can be configured to: when the second end 32 of the simulated battery pack 30 is connected to an external device and the first end 31 is connected to the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, that is, when the external device interface 32 is connected to a charger 302 or a power tool 301 and the first battery pack interface 121 and the second battery pack interface 122 are respectively connected to the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, determine the charging and discharging sequence of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 based on their voltages. Specifically, the backpack power supply device 100 is simultaneously connected to the first and second battery packs 201 and 202. During the discharge process connected to the power tool 301, the controller 141 can determine the discharge sequence of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 based on the voltages of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202. During the charging process connected to the charger 302, the controller 141 can determine the charging sequence of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 based on the voltage of the first battery pack 201 and the voltage of the second battery pack 202.

[0110] The voltages of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 used by the controller 141 to determine the charging and discharging sequence of the battery pack 200 can include at least the current charging or discharging voltages of the two battery packs. For example, the current charging and discharging voltage of the battery pack 200 can be measured by the interface voltage of the battery pack interface 12, or it can be obtained after communicating with the battery pack 200. It should be noted that the current charging and discharging voltage of the battery pack 200 is not equivalent to the rated voltage of the battery pack 200; it can change with the charging and discharging process of the battery pack 200, with the voltage decreasing during the discharging process and increasing during the charging process.

[0111] For example, the discharge sequence determined by the controller 141 based on voltage parameters involves whether the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are currently discharging simultaneously, which one discharges first in the case of non-simultaneous discharge, how the first one discharges, and what switching conditions exist between non-simultaneous and simultaneous discharge. Correspondingly, the charging sequence involves whether the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are currently charging simultaneously, which one charges first in the case of non-simultaneous charging, how the first one charges, and what switching conditions exist between non-simultaneous and simultaneous charging.

[0112] In one implementation, when the second end 32 (external device interface 32) of the simulated battery pack 30 of the backpack power supply device 100 is connected to the charger 302, and the first and second battery pack interfaces 12 are respectively connected to the first and second battery packs 201 and 202, the controller 141 will control the battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 with the lower current voltage (charging voltage) to charge first, until the voltages of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 are approximately equal, and then charge them simultaneously. In another implementation, when the second end 32 (external device interface 32) of the simulated battery pack 30 of the backpack power supply device 100 is connected to the power tool 301, and the first and second battery pack interfaces 121 and 122 are respectively connected to the first and second battery packs 201 and 202, the controller 141 will control the battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 with the higher current voltage (discharging voltage) to charge first, until the voltages of the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 are approximately equal, and then discharge them simultaneously. This allows both batteries to reach a comparable voltage level quickly, enabling them to begin charging or discharging simultaneously more rapidly. It also reduces the risk of reverse charging or backflow, minimizes energy waste and safety hazards, and improves control precision. During charging, the low-voltage battery pack's charge is rapidly restored, while during discharging, the power tool's output performance remains stable and reliable.

[0113] Even when only the first battery pack interface 121 of the backpack power supply device 100 is connected to the first battery pack 201, or only the second battery pack interface 122 is connected to the second battery pack 202, the backpack power supply device 100 can still use the connected first battery pack 201 or second battery pack 202 to perform charging and discharging with external devices through the second end 32 (external device interface 32) of the simulated battery pack 30. In this application, when the backpack power supply device 100 supplies power to the power tool 301 or charges from the charger 302, it is not required that two battery packs 200 be installed simultaneously, allowing users to flexibly adapt to different scenario needs. Optionally, the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 in the backpack power supply device 100 can be connected in parallel to perform charging and discharging with the power tool 301 or the charger 302 through the external device interface 32.

[0114] In the single-pack discharge process or the process of the high-voltage pack discharging first in a dual-pack power supply device 100, taking the discharge of the first battery pack 201 as an example, the first battery pack 201 discharges through the first battery pack interface 121, and the released electrical energy can ultimately be input to the power tool 301 through the external device interface 32 to power it. The discharge parameters such as the discharge power and discharge current of the first battery pack 201 can be adapted to the type of the connected power tool 301 within a certain range, and further, can also be adapted to the current working conditions of the power tool 301 (cutting wood or cutting metal, high-speed cutting or conventional speed cutting, etc.). In the single-pack charging process or the process of the low-voltage pack charging first in a dual-pack power supply device 100, taking the second battery pack 202 as an example, the second battery pack 202 receives power through the second battery pack interface 122, and the received electrical energy comes from the external power source connected to the charger 302 connected to the external device interface 32. The charging parameters such as the charging power and charging current of the second battery pack 202 are also adjustable within a certain range. Understandably, the aforementioned adjustments to the charging and discharging parameters are all based on certain logic within a certain numerical range. The control of the aforementioned charging and discharging parameters can be achieved by the controller 141 and the charging and discharging circuit 142 within the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100, or it can be led by the external equipment at the other end, with the backpack power supply device 100 playing an intermediary and assisting role.

[0115] In some embodiments, the controller 141 in the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 converts data signals, such as battery pack information, transmitted by the first battery pack 201 and / or the second battery pack 202 through the first battery pack interface 121 and / or the second battery pack interface 122 (communication terminal) into identifiable information of external devices such as the power tool 301 or charger 302 connected to the external device interface 32 (communication terminal) before transmitting them; and vice versa. The aforementioned battery pack information includes, but is not limited to, the model, voltage, current, and capacity of the battery pack 200. Exemplarily, the data signal conversion performed by the controller 141 includes, but is not limited to, format conversion and data correction. In some embodiments, the controller 141 may summarize and organize the information of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 before transmitting the battery pack information.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first and second battery pack interfaces 121 and 122 on the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 for mounting the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are the same. Exemplarily, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 can both be in the form of terminal blocks, each including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a communication electrode.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 installed on the first and second battery pack interfaces 121 and 122 of the backpack power supply device 100 may be identical. In some cases, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 installed on the backpack power supply device 100 are identical or similar in mechanical characteristics (appearance, interface shape, etc.) and at least partially identical in electrical characteristics. In some embodiments, the rated voltages of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are equal, for example, both are 56V or both are 40V. In some embodiments, the rated capacities of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are equal; in other embodiments, the rated capacities of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are unequal.

[0118] In some embodiments, the power tool battery pack 200, such as the first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202, installed in the backpack power supply device 100 includes one or more cell modules, and a cell module may include multiple cells. The number of cell modules in different battery packs 200 and the number of cells in a cell module may be the same or different. The electrical connection relationships between cell modules in different battery packs 200 and between cells within a cell module may be the same or different. For example, the cell modules in the first battery pack 201 and / or the second battery pack 202 are connected in parallel, and the cells within a cell module are connected in series. It is understood that series-connected cells affect the voltage level of the battery pack 200, while parallel-connected cell modules affect the capacity of the battery pack 200. In some embodiments, the first battery pack 201 and / or the second battery pack 202 use the same cell modules, and the number of parallel-connected cell modules contained in each pack is 1 to 4. In some embodiments, the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are connected in parallel and share the external device interface 32 to charge and discharge external devices such as power tools 301 or chargers 302. The first battery pack 201 and the second battery pack 202 may have the same rated voltage, while their rated capacities may be the same or different.

[0119] In some embodiments, when the backpack power supply device 100 is equipped with multiple battery packs 200, the maximum allowable voltage difference between the battery packs 200 that can be charged and discharged simultaneously is 1 to 3V. If the voltage difference between the battery packs 200 exceeds the maximum limit, simultaneous charging or discharging is not performed. The controller 141 can control some battery packs to charge and discharge first to achieve similar voltage levels as a whole, and / or, rely on the multiple switches 143 in the charging and discharging circuit 142 and their reverse charging shutdown mechanism to cut off the reverse charging circuit.

[0120] Following the foregoing, the backpack power supply system 1 in this application, based on the design of multiple battery packs 200 for power supply and dual charging and discharging capabilities, offers multiple improvements in utility compared to existing technologies. The backpack power supply system 1 includes a power tool 301, at least one battery pack 200 that can be detachably installed on the aforementioned power tool 301 to supply power, and a backpack power supply device 100. Alternatively, it may further include a charger 302. The battery pack 200 is a battery pack for power tools; it can be installed on the power tool 301 as an independent power supply device. However, this application primarily describes its installation on the backpack power supply device 100, where the backpack power supply device 100, in conjunction with the multiple battery packs 200, provides unified power to the power tool 301. The backpack power supply device 100 has a similar structural composition to that described above, including a main body 10, wearable equipment 20, and a simulated battery pack 30. The main body 10 includes a back plate 11 and at least one battery pack interface 12 disposed on the back plate 11. Each battery pack interface 12 provides mechanical and electrical connection to one of the aforementioned battery packs 200. The wearable equipment 20 is for the user to wear and includes a shoulder strap 21. When the user wears the shoulder strap 21 to carry the device, the back plate 11 can fit substantially against the user's back, so that the force is evenly distributed. The simulated battery pack 30 has a simulated shell 33 and first and second ends 31 and 32. The cable 31 connecting the simulated shell 33 and the main body 10 is the first end 31, and the external device interface 32 (power tool interface or charger interface) disposed on the simulated shell 33 for mechanical and electrical connection to external devices is the second end 32.

[0121] Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Maximum capacity and / or bare metal weight 132 126 123 96 83 Maximum capacity and / or battery pack weight 30 42 51 42 36

[0122] Table 2 (Unit: Wh / lb)

[0123] In this application's backpack power supply system 1, the ratio of the sum of the maximum capacities (Wh) of the battery packs 200 that can be connected to the battery pack interface 12 to the bare weight (lb) of the backpack power supply device 100 in the system is greater than or equal to 140Wh / lb. The sum of the maximum capacities of the battery packs 200 that can be connected to the battery pack interface 12 is the sum of the capacities of all the battery packs 200, assuming that each battery pack interface 12 on the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 is connected to a battery pack 200 and all connected battery packs 200 are fully charged. In some cases, the sum of the maximum capacities is the sum of the rated or nominal capacities of each battery pack 200. The bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is the weight of the main body 10 of the device itself, the wearable equipment 20, etc., without the battery packs 200 installed. For example, in the backpack power supply system 1, the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is M0. The device body 10 has first and second battery pack interfaces 121 and 122 that can be connected to the first and second battery packs 201 and 202, respectively. The maximum capacities of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are C1 and C2, respectively, and their masses are M1 and M2, respectively. Then, the ratio of the maximum capacity of the battery packs that can be connected in the system to the bare weight of the device is (C1+C2) / M0. In some embodiments, the ratio of the maximum capacity of the battery packs 200 that can be connected in the backpack power supply system 1 to the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is greater than or equal to 150Wh / lb. In some embodiments, the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is less than or equal to 9lb. It is understood that the aforementioned unit characterizing battery capacity can also be converted from watt-hours to ampere-hours based on the battery pack voltage.

[0124] In some embodiments, the multiple power tool battery packs 200 in the system have the same rated voltage, for example, all of which may be 56V. In some embodiments, the multiple battery packs 200 in the system may have different rated capacities, for example, the rated capacity of the battery pack 200 may vary depending on the number of parallel cell modules it contains, which may be between 1 and 4.

[0125] In some embodiments, the ratio of the maximum capacity of the connectable battery pack 200 in the backpack power supply system 1 to the battery pack mass of the backpack power supply device 100 is greater than or equal to 52 Wh / lb. The battery pack mass of the backpack power supply device 100 is the combined mass of the device itself and the battery packs 200 when both the main body 10 and the battery pack interfaces 12 are connected to the battery packs 200. Following the previous example, the ratio of the maximum capacity of the connectable battery packs in the system to the battery pack mass of the device is (C1+C2) / (M0+M1+M2). In some embodiments, further, the ratio of the maximum capacity of the connectable battery pack 200 in the backpack power supply system 1 to the battery pack mass of the backpack power supply device 100 is greater than or equal to 55 Wh / lb.

[0126] In the backpack power supply system 1 of this application, the ratio of the sum of the maximum charging power (watts) of the battery packs 200 that can be connected to the battery pack interface 12 to the bare mass (pounds, lbs) of the backpack power supply device 100 in the system is greater than or equal to 30 W / lb. The sum of the maximum charging power of the battery packs 200 that can be connected to the battery pack interface 12 in the system is the sum of the charging power of each battery pack 200 or each battery pack interface 12, assuming that each battery pack interface 12 on the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 is connected to a battery pack 200 and each battery pack interface 12 is charging the connected battery pack at its maximum charging power. It is understood that the sum of the maximum charging power of the system is influenced by both the maximum charging power that the connected battery pack 200 can withstand and the maximum charging power that the device can provide to the battery pack interface 12 via the charge / discharge circuit 142. In some cases, the aforementioned maximum charging power sum is the upper limit of the charging power that the backpack power supply device 100 can provide after connecting to the charger 302. For example, in the backpack power supply system 1, the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is M0. The main body 10 of the device has first and second battery pack interfaces 121 and 122 that can be connected to the first and second battery packs 201 and 202, respectively. The sum of the maximum charging power of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 is P, and the masses of the first and second battery packs 201 and 202 are M1 and M2, respectively. Then, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the battery packs that can be connected in the system to the bare weight of the device is P / M0. In some embodiments, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the battery packs 200 that can be connected in the backpack power supply system 1 to the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is greater than or equal to 50W / lb, or greater than or equal to 80W / lb, or greater than or equal to 100W / lb. Preferably, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the system to the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is greater than or equal to 150W / lb. In some embodiments, the bare weight of the backpack power supply device 100 is less than or equal to 9 lb.

[0127] In some embodiments, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the connectable battery pack 200 in the backpack power supply system 1 to the mass of the backpack power supply device 100 including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 15 W / lb. Continuing the previous example, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the connectable battery pack in the system to the mass of the device including the battery pack is: P / (M0+M1+M2). In some embodiments, further, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the connectable battery pack 200 in the backpack power supply system 1 to the mass of the backpack power supply device 100 including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 30 W / lb, or greater than or equal to 50 W / lb. Preferably, the ratio of the maximum charging power of the system to the mass of the backpack power supply device 100 including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 70 W / lb.

[0128] In some embodiments, the back plate 11 in the main body 10 of the backpack power supply device 100 may include polypropylene plastic (EPP) foam material, which has many advantages such as high mechanical strength, light weight, insulation and heat resistance, corrosion resistance and environmental protection, which are beneficial to the backpack power supply device 100 or backpack power supply system 1.

[0129] In some embodiments, the backpack power supply device 100 further includes a power display module 15, which can display the power information of the device or the battery pack 200 installed on the device, including but not limited to displaying numerical values ​​such as remaining power or battery life, and illuminating a stepped power indicator light. In some embodiments, the power display module 15 can display the power of each battery pack 200 separately. In other embodiments, the power display module 15 can also display only an overall power level after summarizing and organizing the data. In some embodiments, the power display module 15 can also simultaneously have an alarm display function, which can provide warnings for problems such as faults, undervoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature through methods such as flashing or color changing.

[0130] like Figure 2 , Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the power display module 15 can be disposed on the main body 10 of the device, for example, it can be disposed at a position such as the handle at the upper end of the back panel 11. In some embodiments, the power display module 15 can also be disposed on the simulated battery pack 30, for example, it can be disposed at a position such as the interface of the first end cable 31, so that the user can still observe the power level, alarm and other information when carrying the device.

[0131] It should be noted that the various implementation methods / methods and their specific embodiments described above can be combined with each other to comprehensively or further optimize the backpack power supply device, backpack power supply system or charging and discharging device in this application, provided that there is no conflict in their characteristics.

[0132] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this application in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A backpack power supply system, characterized in that, include: Power tools; At least one battery pack is detachably mounted to the power tool to power the power tool; Backpack-mounted power supply device, including: The main body includes: a back plate; and at least one battery pack interface disposed on the back plate and capable of mechanical and electrical connection with the battery pack. Wearable equipment is connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment includes a shoulder strap, and when the user wears the shoulder strap, the back panel conforms to the user's back. Simulated battery pack, including: Simulated shell; The first end is configured as a cable, which connects the simulated housing and the main body; The second end is configured as an external device interface and is located in the simulated housing, enabling mechanical and electrical connection with power tools or chargers; The ratio of the sum of the maximum capacities of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the bare mass of the backpack power supply device is greater than or equal to 140Wh / lb.

2. The backpack power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the sum of the maximum capacities of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the mass of the backpack power supply device including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 52Wh / lb.

3. The backpack power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Battery packs with different numbers of cells and / or different connection methods between cells can be selectively installed onto the same or different battery pack interfaces.

4. The backpack power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rated voltage of the battery pack connected to the battery pack interface is 56V.

5. The backpack power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack connected to the battery pack interface includes up to four parallel cell modules, each cell module comprising multiple cells connected in series.

6. The backpack power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body has two battery pack interfaces: a first battery pack interface for connecting a first battery pack and a second battery pack interface for connecting a second battery pack; the charging and discharging of the first and second battery packs are both performed through the external device interface.

7. The backpack power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first battery pack interface is the same as the second battery pack interface.

8. The backpack power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back panel comprises polypropylene plastic foam material.

9. A backpack power supply system, characterized in that, include: Power tools; At least one battery pack is detachably mounted to the power tool to power the power tool; Backpack-mounted power supply device, including: The main body includes: a back plate; and at least one battery pack interface disposed on the back plate and capable of mechanical and electrical connection with the battery pack. Wearable equipment is connected to the main body and worn by a user; the wearable equipment includes a shoulder strap, and when the user wears the shoulder strap, the back panel conforms to the user's back. Simulated battery pack, including: Simulated shell; The first end is configured as a cable, which connects the simulated housing and the main body; The second end is configured as an external device interface and is located in the simulated housing, enabling mechanical and electrical connection with power tools or chargers; The ratio of the sum of the maximum charging power of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the bare mass of the backpack power supply device is greater than or equal to 30W / lb.

10. The backpack power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ratio of the sum of the maximum charging power of the battery packs connected to the battery pack interface to the mass of the backpack power supply device including the battery pack is greater than or equal to 15W / lb.

11. The backpack power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bare weight of the backpack power supply unit is less than or equal to 9 lbs.

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