A conversion type threshing pulverizer
By combining a symmetrical turntable with a negative pressure pump screen, the design solves the problems of low crushing efficiency and cumbersome operation in existing convertible threshing and crushing machines, realizing efficient and continuous operation of crop threshing and crushing, improving the crushing effect of hard crops and reducing maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHUXIONG HEHUA FUGUI AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY FACTORY (INDIVIDUAL IND & COMMERCIAL HOUSEHOLDS)
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing convertible threshing and crushing machines, the crushing plate adopts a hinged pendulum structure, which has a small impact area, low crushing efficiency for hard crops, and cumbersome function switching operation and high maintenance cost.
It adopts a symmetrical turntable design with crushing bars installed on the turntable, achieving large-area impact through high-speed rotation; combined with a negative pressure pump and screen structure, it realizes automatic separation of light fragments and heavy particles; and achieves rapid cleaning of the equipment's interior through a cleaning pipe.
It enables continuous operation of crop threshing and crushing, improves production efficiency, enhances the crushing effect on hard crops, reduces equipment wear and maintenance costs, and simplifies the function switching process.
Smart Images
Figure CN224368452U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of threshing and crushing equipment, specifically, to a convertible threshing and crushing machine. Background Technology
[0002] In agricultural production, threshing and crushing machines are key equipment for separating crop grains and processing straw. With the modernization of agriculture, the requirements for the versatility, efficiency, and durability of such equipment are increasing, and existing technologies have many shortcomings.
[0003] The convertible threshing and crushing machine disclosed in Chinese utility model patent CN209002398U (application number: 201821745766.2) can switch between threshing and crushing functions, but the crushing plate adopts a hinged pendulum structure, resulting in a small impact area and low crushing efficiency for hard crops. Furthermore, the pendulum is hinged at one end, leading to severe wear on that end and high maintenance costs. Switching between functions requires manual disassembly of the crushing plate and screen, which is cumbersome and unsuitable for frequent switching needs. In addition, some traditional threshing and crushing equipment uses a fixed rigid crushing blade shaft, making the crushing intensity unadjustable and prone to grain damage; other equipment separates threshing and crushing through multi-stage screens, resulting in complex structures and high costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a convertible threshing and crushing machine to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that although it can realize the switching between threshing and crushing functions, the crushing plate adopts a hinged pendulum structure, resulting in a small impact area and low crushing efficiency for hard crops.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a convertible threshing and crushing machine, including a shell, a feeding cylinder installed on the top of the shell, a threshing chamber arranged at the top inside the shell, a crushing chamber arranged at the bottom of the threshing chamber, a crushing component installed inside the crushing chamber, a slag discharge channel connected to the outside of the crushing chamber, a collection chamber connected to the outside of the slag discharge channel, and the crushing component including symmetrically arranged turntables, with a plurality of crushing strips installed between the sides of the turntables.
[0006] This setup uses an outer shell to construct the overall frame of the equipment, with a feeding cylinder for material introduction; the threshing chamber and crushing chamber are designed in upper and lower layers to complete the threshing and crushing functions respectively; in the crushing component, a symmetrical turntable drives the crushing bars to rotate at high speed, using centrifugal force to strike the material; the slag discharge channel and collection chamber are responsible for collecting the light fragments after crushing.
[0007] Preferably, a threshing component is installed at the top of the threshing chamber near the inside of the feed cylinder. The threshing component includes a rotating roller with several threshing teeth installed on its outer surface. A connecting shaft is installed at the center of the rotating roller, and one end of the connecting shaft is driven to rotate by an external motor. A feed inlet is provided on one side of the feed cylinder, and a discharge outlet is provided at the bottom of the feed cylinder.
[0008] This feature involves a rotating roller inside the threshing chamber driven by an external motor via a connecting shaft. The threshing teeth on the surface rotate at high speed, striking the crop to separate the grains from the straw. The feed inlet and outlet of the feeding cylinder control the material's entry and exit paths.
[0009] Preferably, a negative pressure pump is installed on the top of the collection chamber. The negative pressure pump generates negative pressure inside the collection chamber, which drives the light fragments in the crushing chamber to enter the collection chamber from the slag discharge channel. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber, and the material entering the crushing chamber is discharged from the discharge port by gravity.
[0010] This system uses a negative pressure pump to create negative pressure in the collection chamber, and uses the air pressure difference to draw light fragments from the crushing chamber into the collection chamber through the slag discharge channel; while the heavy particles are discharged naturally by gravity from the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing chamber.
[0011] Preferably, the slag discharge channel is an annular structure and is located outside the circular crushing chamber, with a screen installed between the slag discharge channel and the crushing chamber.
[0012] This design features a ring-shaped slag discharge channel surrounding the crushing chamber, with a screen between the crushing chamber and the screen allowing only light fragments to pass through, while heavy particles are retained.
[0013] Preferably, a cleaning pipe is connected to one side of the outer wall of the crushing chamber.
[0014] This feature includes a cleaning pipe connected to a water source, allowing for direct flushing of the inside of the crushing chamber.
[0015] Preferably, the center of the turntable is fixed inside the housing by a connecting shaft, and one end of the connecting shaft extends out of the housing and is driven to rotate by an external motor.
[0016] In this configuration, the turntable is fixed inside the housing via a connecting shaft and is driven to rotate by an external motor, which in turn drives the crushing bar to rotate at high speed. Blades are installed on the side of the end of the connecting shaft.
[0017] Preferably, the outer surface of the shredder bar is uniformly equipped with a plurality of shredder teeth.
[0018] This feature increases the contact area and friction between the grinding teeth on the surface of the grinding bar and the material, generating shearing and tearing effects during rotation.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0020] This convertible threshing and crushing machine achieves continuous "threshing-crushing" of crops through the coordinated design of the upper threshing chamber and the lower crushing chamber, eliminating the need for switching between multiple machines and improving production efficiency.
[0021] Threshing mode: After threshing, the material is discharged directly from the outlet, which is suitable for scenarios where only pure kernels need to be obtained.
[0022] Crushing mode: The negative pressure pump is turned on, allowing light fragments to enter the collection bin through the annular slag discharge channel, achieving fine crushing of impurities such as straw and husks, meeting the needs of feed processing or organic fertilizer preparation.
[0023] The elongated structure between the symmetrical rotating discs expands the effective working range of the pulverizing hammer, increasing the coverage area per strike compared to traditional pendulum-type structures. The evenly distributed pulverizing teeth on the outer surface increase shearing force, resulting in particularly effective crushing of hard-shelled crops such as broad beans and peas, producing more uniform particle size.
[0024] The annular structure makes the airflow distribution more uniform. Lighter particles pass through the screen and quickly enter the collection chamber, while heavier particles are discharged from the outlet, reducing material blockage and improving separation efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feed cylinder in this utility model;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the feed cylinder in this utility model;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component in this utility model;
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the crushing component in this utility model.
[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shredder bar in this utility model;
[0032] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:
[0033] 1. Outer shell; 2. Feed cylinder; 21. Rotary roller; 22. Threshing teeth; 23. Feed inlet; 24. Discharge outlet; 3. Threshing chamber; 4. Crushing chamber; 41. Discharge outlet; 5. Crushing components; 51. Turntable; 52. Connecting shaft; 53. Crushing bar; 531. Crushing teeth; 54. Blade; 6. Slag discharge channel; 61. Screen; 7. Collection chamber; 8. Negative pressure pump; 9. Cleaning pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0035] This utility model provides a convertible threshing and pulverizing machine, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, it includes an outer shell 1, a feed cylinder 2 installed on the top of the outer shell 1, a threshing chamber 3 arranged inside the upper part of the outer shell 1, a crushing chamber 4 arranged at the bottom of the threshing chamber 3, a crushing component 5 installed inside the crushing chamber 4, a slag discharge channel 6 connected to the outside of the crushing chamber 4, and a collection chamber 7 connected to the outside of the slag discharge channel 6. The crushing component 5 includes symmetrically arranged turntables 51, and several crushing bars 53 are installed between the sides of the turntables 51.
[0036] The overall frame of the equipment is constructed through the outer shell 1, and the feed cylinder 2 introduces materials. The threshing chamber 3 and the crushing chamber 4 are designed in upper and lower layers to complete the threshing and crushing functions respectively. In the crushing component 5, the symmetrical turntable 51 drives the crushing bar 53 to rotate at high speed, using centrifugal force to strike the material. The slag discharge channel 6 and the collection chamber 7 are responsible for collecting the light fragments after crushing. The threshing and crushing functions are integrated, and the layered structure avoids functional interference. Compared with traditional pendulum hammers, the crushing bar has a larger impact area, which improves the crushing efficiency. The symmetrical turntable suspension design makes the hammer body evenly stressed, reduces wear, and extends service life.
[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a threshing component is installed at the top of the threshing chamber 3 near the inside of the feed cylinder 2. The threshing component includes a rotating roller 21. Several threshing teeth 22 are installed on the outer surface of the rotating roller 21. A connecting shaft is installed at the center of the rotating roller 21. One end of the connecting shaft is driven to rotate by an external motor. A feed inlet 23 is provided on one side of the feed cylinder 2, and a discharge outlet 24 is provided at the bottom of the feed cylinder 2.
[0038] Inside the threshing chamber 3, the rotating roller 21 is driven by an external motor via a connecting shaft. The threshing teeth 22 on its surface rotate at high speed, striking the crop and separating the grains from the straw. The feed inlet 23 and discharge outlet 24 of the feeding cylinder 2 control the material's entry and exit paths. The rotating roller and threshing teeth work together to achieve efficient threshing. Different specifications of threshing teeth can be used to adapt to various crops such as wheat and beans. The design of the feeding cylinder ensures orderly material transport and avoids blockages.
[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a negative pressure pump 8 is installed on the top of the collection chamber 7. The negative pressure pump 8 generates negative pressure inside the collection chamber 7, which drives the light fragments in the crushing chamber 4 to enter the collection chamber 7 from the slag discharge channel 6. The bottom of the crushing chamber 4 is provided with a discharge port 41. The material entering the crushing chamber 4 is discharged from the discharge port 41 by gravity.
[0040] The negative pressure pump 8 creates negative pressure in the collection chamber 7, using the air pressure difference to draw light fragments from the crushing chamber 4 into the collection chamber through the slag discharge channel 6; the discharge port 41 at the bottom of the crushing chamber uses gravity to allow heavy particles, like seeds, to be discharged naturally. This achieves automatic separation of light fragments and heavy particles, eliminating the need for manual screening; negative pressure conveying reduces dust emissions, improving the working environment; and gravity discharge reduces energy consumption and improves material handling efficiency.
[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the slag discharge channel 6 is a ring structure and is located outside the circular crushing chamber 4. A screen 61 is installed between the slag discharge channel 6 and the crushing chamber 4.
[0042] An annular slag discharge channel 6 surrounds the crushing chamber 4, and the screen 61 between the two chambers allows only light fragments to pass through, while heavy particles are retained. The annular structure makes the airflow distribution more uniform and avoids local blockage; the screen accurately separates materials of different weights, ensuring efficient collection of the crushed fragments, reducing residue, and improving separation accuracy.
[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, a cleaning pipe 9 is connected to one side of the outer wall of the crushing chamber 4.
[0044] The cleaning pipe 9 is connected to a water source, allowing direct rinsing of the interior of the crushing chamber 4. This quickly removes residual materials from the equipment, preventing material buildup that could breed bacteria or corrode the equipment; it also facilitates daily maintenance, extends the equipment's lifespan, and reduces cleaning costs.
[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the middle part of the turntable 51 is fixed inside the housing 1 by a connecting shaft 52, and one end of the connecting shaft 52 extends out of the housing 1 and is driven to rotate by an external motor.
[0046] The turntable 51 is fixed inside the housing 1 via the connecting shaft 52 and is driven to rotate by an external motor, which in turn drives the crushing bar 53 to rotate at high speed. The stable drive structure ensures smooth operation of the crushing components and reduces vibration; the independent motor drive allows for flexible adjustment of the speed to adapt to different crushing intensity requirements, improving the applicability of the equipment; blades 54 are installed on the side of the end of the connecting shaft 52 to further improve the crushing effect.
[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, a number of crushing teeth 531 are uniformly installed on the outer surface of the crushing bar 53.
[0048] The grinding teeth 531 on the surface of the grinding bar 53 increase the contact area and friction with the material, generating shearing and tearing effects during rotation. This significantly enhances the grinding effect on hard materials such as bean husks and straw, resulting in finer and more uniform particles. The optimized arrangement of the grinding teeth further improves the grinding efficiency by increasing the impact trajectory.
[0049] In operation, the convertible threshing and crushing machine of this invention first pours the crop into the feed inlet 23 of the feed cylinder 2, and the material falls down the feed cylinder into the threshing chamber 3. Inside the threshing chamber 3, an external motor drives the connecting shaft of the rotating roller 21 to rotate, causing the rotating roller 21 to rotate at high speed. The threshing teeth 22 on its outer surface strike the crop, separating the grains from the straw, ears, etc. The separated mixture of grains and straw falls into the crushing chamber 4 below through the discharge inlet 24 at the bottom of the feed cylinder.
[0050] Crushing stage: In the crushing chamber 4, an external motor drives the connecting shaft 52 to rotate, which in turn rotates the symmetrically arranged turntable 51. The crushing bars 53 on the side of the turntable 51 rotate at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing bars 53 extend and strike and cut the straw, shells and other materials that fall into the crushing chamber 4. The crushing teeth 531 on the outer surface increase the friction and shearing force, enhancing the crushing effect.
[0051] Material separation and collection stage: Heavy particles such as seeds in the crushed material are discharged directly from the discharge port 41 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 4 due to gravity. The negative pressure pump 8 at the top of the collection chamber 7 is activated, creating a negative pressure within the collection chamber 7. This negative pressure is transmitted to the crushing chamber 4 through the slag discharge channel 6, drawing the crushed light fragments, such as straw chips and shell powder, into the slag discharge channel 6 after being screened by the screen 61. Due to the obstruction of the screen 61, heavy particles cannot pass through, ensuring that only light fragments enter the slag discharge channel 6. The annular slag discharge channel 6 surrounds the crushing chamber 4, ensuring uniform airflow distribution and transporting the light fragments to the collection chamber 7 for collection.
[0052] Equipment cleaning stage: When the equipment is finished or needs cleaning, connect the cleaning pipe 9 to the water source, open the valve, and the water flow will flush the inside of the crushing chamber 4, quickly remove residual materials, keep the equipment clean, prevent material accumulation from corroding the equipment, and facilitate the next use.
[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the electronic components in the negative pressure pump 8 and other components in this embodiment are all general standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. In the idle part of this device, all the above-mentioned electrical components are connected by wires. The specific connection method should refer to the working order of each electrical component in the above working principle to complete the electrical connection. All of these are technologies known in the art.
[0054] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A convertible threshing and crushing machine, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The top of the outer shell (1) is equipped with a feed cylinder (2), the upper part of the inner shell (1) is provided with a threshing chamber (3), the bottom of the threshing chamber (3) is provided with a crushing chamber (4), the inside of the crushing chamber (4) is equipped with a crushing component (5), the outside of the crushing chamber (4) is connected to a slag discharge channel (6), the outside of the slag discharge channel (6) is connected to a collection chamber (7), the crushing component (5) includes symmetrically arranged turntables (51), and several crushing bars (53) are installed between the sides of the turntables (51).
2. The conversion de -threshing mill of claim 1, wherein: A threshing component is installed at the top of the threshing chamber (3) near the inside of the feed cylinder (2). The threshing component includes a rotating roller (21). Several threshing teeth (22) are installed on the outer surface of the rotating roller (21). A connecting shaft is installed at the center of the rotating roller (21). One end of the connecting shaft is driven to rotate by an external motor. A feed inlet (23) is provided on one side of the feed cylinder (2), and a discharge port (24) is provided at the bottom of the feed cylinder (2).
3. The conversion de -ager mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A negative pressure pump (8) is installed on the top of the collection chamber (7). The negative pressure pump (8) generates negative pressure inside the collection chamber (7), which drives the light fragments in the crushing chamber (4) to enter the collection chamber (7) from the slag discharge channel (6). The bottom of the crushing chamber (4) is provided with a discharge port (41). The material entering the crushing chamber (4) is discharged from the discharge port (41) by gravity.
4. The conversion de-ager mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slag discharge channel (6) is a ring structure and is located outside the circular crushing chamber (4). A screen (61) is installed between the slag discharge channel (6) and the crushing chamber (4).
5. The conversion de -ager mill of claim 1, wherein: A cleaning pipe (9) is connected to one side of the outer wall of the crushing chamber (4).
6. The conversion de -ager mill of claim 1, wherein: The middle part of the turntable (51) is fixed inside the outer shell (1) by a connecting shaft (52). One end of the connecting shaft (52) passes through the outer shell (1) and is driven to rotate by an external motor. A blade (54) is installed on the side of the end of the connecting shaft (52).
7. The conversion de -ager mill of claim 1, wherein: The outer surface of the pulverizing bar (53) is uniformly equipped with several pulverizing teeth (531).