A power management system for electrochromic flaps

Abstract

This application discloses a power management system for electrochromic films, relating to the field of power supply technology. The power management system includes a voltage conversion module and a drive module. The voltage conversion module converts the supply voltage value at the power supply terminal into a first voltage. The drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip. The motor voltage terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the first voltage. The power supply terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the supply voltage value. The H-bridge driver chip also includes a first input pin, a second input pin, a first output pin, and a second output pin. The first and second output pins are used to output a second voltage. In the above solution, a stable second voltage value is output through the H-bridge driver chip to power the electrochromic film's electronic control system. Compared to LDO power supply, this significantly improves energy efficiency and reduces heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, specifically to a power management system for electrochromic films. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic films are thin film structures whose optical transmittance (color / transparency) can change continuously and reversibly after voltage or current is applied.

[0003] Electrochromic films typically consist of two transparent conductive substrates and an intermediate electrochromic stacked layer. They achieve the modulation and storage of visible or near-infrared light through the reversible migration of ions under an electric field. Most inorganic electrochromic materials (such as WO3) can maintain their oxidation / reduction state and optical absorption / transmittance ratio with only a small voltage of 1-2V after a single color change, without requiring a continuous high-voltage drive. In contrast, traditional LDOs experience a large voltage drop when switching from 5V or 3.7V to 1.5V at the power supply terminal, resulting in low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a power management system for electrochromic films that can improve voltage conversion efficiency.

[0005] The power management system includes a voltage conversion module and a drive module; the voltage conversion module is used to convert the supply voltage value at the power supply voltage terminal into a first voltage;

[0006] The driving module includes an H-bridge driver chip; the motor voltage terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the first voltage; the power supply terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the power supply voltage value; the H-bridge driver chip also includes a first input pin, a second input pin, a first output pin, and a second output pin; the first output pin and the second output pin are used to output a second voltage; the second voltage is used to power the electrochromic film electronic control; the polarity of the first output pin and the second output pin is controlled by the output level of the first input pin and the second input pin.

[0007] In one optional implementation, the H-bridge driver chip further includes a sleep pin; when the sleep pin is low, the H-bridge driver chip is turned off.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the voltage conversion module includes a first conversion chip, a switching circuit, and a power supply circuit.

[0009] The power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit; the output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply voltage terminal; the power supply voltage terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion chip; the output terminal of the first conversion chip outputs the first voltage.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the battery power supply terminal in the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit through a first diode; the external power supply terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit through a second diode; the voltage value of the external power supply terminal when it is working is greater than the voltage value of the battery power supply terminal when it is working.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the switching circuit includes a first MOSFET, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a third diode, a fourth diode, and a first switch.

[0012] The input terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the control terminal of the first MOSFET through a second resistor; the control terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the input terminal of the second MOSFET through a third resistor; the output terminal of the second MOSFET is grounded; the control terminal of the second MOSFET is grounded through a fifth resistor; the control terminal of the second MOSFET is also connected to an on / off control signal through a fourth resistor; the input terminal of the second MOSFET is grounded sequentially through a fourth diode and a first switch; the first MOSFET is grounded sequentially through a sixth resistor, a third diode, and a first switch.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the voltage conversion module further includes a second conversion chip; the input terminal of the second conversion chip is connected to the power supply voltage terminal; and the output terminal of the second conversion chip outputs a third voltage.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, the system further includes a battery-powered module;

[0015] The battery power supply module includes a battery charging chip; the voltage input terminal of the battery charging chip is connected to an external power supply terminal; and the voltage output terminal of the battery charging chip is connected to the battery power supply terminal.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the system further includes a microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to control the operating level of each control pin of the power management system; each control pin includes the first input pin and the second input pin.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This application provides a power management system for electrochromic films. The power management system includes a voltage conversion module and a drive module. The voltage conversion module converts the supply voltage value at the power supply terminal into a first voltage. The drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip. The motor voltage terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the first voltage. The power supply terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the supply voltage value. The H-bridge driver chip also includes a first input pin, a second input pin, a first output pin, and a second output pin. The first output pin and the second output pin are used to output a second voltage. The second voltage is used to power the electrochromic film control. The polarity of the first output pin and the second output pin is controlled by the output level of the first input pin and the second input pin. In the above scheme, the power management system can first convert the voltage at the power supply terminal to the first voltage through the voltage conversion module as the reference voltage of the H-bridge driver chip, and then output a stable second voltage value through the H-bridge driver chip to power the electrochromic film control. Compared with LDO power supply, it can significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce heat dissipation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram illustrating a power management system for an electrochromic film according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 A circuit structure diagram of a driving module according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a voltage conversion module according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a battery-powered module according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] Figure 5 A pin diagram of a microcontroller according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "correspondence" may indicate that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between two things, or that there is an association between two things, or that there is a relationship of instruction and being instructed, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram illustrating a power management system for an electrochromic film according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the power management system includes a voltage conversion module and a drive module; the voltage conversion module is used to convert the supply voltage value at the power supply voltage terminal into a first voltage;

[0028] The drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip; the motor voltage terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the first voltage; the power supply terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the power supply voltage value; the H-bridge driver chip also includes a first input pin, a second input pin, a first output pin, and a second output pin; the first output pin and the second output pin are used to output a second voltage; the second voltage is used to power the electrochromic film electronic control; the polarity of the first output pin and the second output pin is controlled by the output level of the first input pin and the second input pin.

[0029] Figure 2 A circuit structure diagram of a driving module according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip U4. In this embodiment, the chip model can be BDR6122T. In this chip, the motor voltage terminal VM is connected to a 1.5V voltage. The chip is also powered by the power supply voltage terminal VDD. In this chip, the first output pin OUT1 and the second output pin OUT2 are connected to the load, i.e., the diaphragm. The first input pin IN1, the second input pin IN2, and the sleep pin SLEEP are all connected to the microcontroller output pins.

[0030] Specifically, the first input pin IN1 and the second input pin IN2 receive external digital signals (such as the PWM output of the MCU) to control the output polarity of the bridge. The first output pin OUT1 and the second output pin OUT2 are directly connected to the load. A low-impedance grounding path is used to ensure a stable current loop and prevent ground bounce noise from affecting the logic control.

[0031] In this application embodiment, the logic levels conform to the following rules:

[0032] If IN1 = high level and IN2 = low level, then OUT1 outputs high and OUT2 outputs low.

[0033] If IN1 is low and IN2 is high, the output polarity is reversed.

[0034] In PWM mode, the high-level duty cycle of the circuit can be adjusted according to the output PWM signal to achieve the conversion of digital signals to analog signals.

[0035] The H-bridge driver chip also includes a sleep pin; when the sleep pin is low, the H-bridge driver chip is turned off.

[0036] Table 1 shows an H-bridge switch state control table according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] model condition H Bridge Normal work nSLEEP pin = 1 Work hibernation mode nSLEEP pin = 0 Turn off Fault Any kind of failure occurs Turn off

[0038] Table 1. H-bridge switch status control table

[0039] In one possible implementation, the voltage conversion module includes a first conversion chip, a switching circuit, and a power supply circuit; the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit; the output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply voltage terminal VDD; the power supply voltage terminal VDD is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion chip; and the output terminal of the first conversion chip outputs the first voltage.

[0040] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a voltage conversion module according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 As shown, the first conversion chip can be the first voltage regulator AMS1117, which stabilizes the input voltage (i.e., VDD) to a +1.5V output.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, in one possible implementation, the battery power supply terminal in the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit via a first diode D1; the external power supply terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit via a second diode D2; the voltage value of the external power supply terminal is greater than the voltage value of the battery power supply terminal. For example, the voltage value of the external power supply terminal is +5V, while the voltage value of the battery power supply terminal is +3.7V.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the switching circuit includes a first MOSFET Q1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, and a first switch S1.

[0043] The input terminal of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the control terminal of the first MOSFET Q1 through the second resistor R2; the control terminal of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the input terminal of the second MOSFET Q2 through the third resistor R3; the output terminal of the second MOSFET Q2 is grounded; the control terminal of the second MOSFET Q2 is grounded through the fifth resistor R5; the control terminal of the second MOSFET Q2 is also connected to the on / off control signal PWR through the fourth resistor R4; the input terminal of the second MOSFET Q2 is grounded in sequence through the fourth diode R4 and the first switch S1; the first MOSFET Q1 is grounded in sequence through the sixth resistor R6, the third diode Q3 and the first switch S1.

[0044] Optionally, the functions of the above components are as follows: The first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are used for circuit on / off control; the second resistor R2, with a resistance of 200kΩ, limits the base current of Q1 to prevent overcurrent damage to the transistor; the third resistor R3, with a resistance of 3kΩ, connects the emitter of Q1 and the base of Q2 for signal transmission and current limiting. The fourth resistor R4, also with a resistance of 3kΩ, connects the collector of Q2 and the PWR indicator for current limiting. The fifth resistor R5, with a resistance of 200kΩ, connects the emitter of Q2 and ground for bias stabilization. The sixth resistor R6, with a resistance of 10kΩ, connects the collector of Q1 and VDD for signal transmission. The third diode D3 is a fast recovery diode used to protect the circuit from transient voltages. The first switch S1 is a manual switch used to control the start or reset of the circuit.

[0045] In other words, in the above switching circuit, a 200kΩ resistor (R2) is connected in series on the input side to limit the surge current, and a voltage divider resistor network (R3 = 3kΩ, R4 = 3kΩ, R6 = 10kΩ) is configured on the output side to dynamically adjust the load characteristics.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the voltage conversion module further includes a second conversion chip (such as...). Figure 3 The second voltage regulator (HT7333) is connected to the power supply voltage terminal VDD; the output terminal of the second voltage regulator outputs a third voltage (e.g., 3V).

[0047] Optionally, in this embodiment, the voltage conversion module further includes several capacitors, such as C8, E3, C4, E1, etc., where C8 is a filter capacitor used to stabilize the voltage after S1; C1 and E1 are filter capacitors used to reduce the ripple of the output of U3; and E3 is also a filter capacitor used to reduce the ripple of the output of U5.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the system also includes a battery-powered module;

[0049] The battery power supply module includes a battery charging chip; optionally, the battery charging chip can be LY3083 / XT4052, taking LY3083 as an example. Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a battery-powered module according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 4 As shown, the voltage input terminal (VCC) of the battery charging chip is connected to an external power supply terminal (i.e., a voltage value of +5V); the voltage output terminal (BAT) of the battery charging chip is connected to the battery power supply terminal (to provide a voltage value of +3.7V).

[0050] like Figure 4 The battery charging chip also includes a CD pin, which is used to control whether the chip is in normal working state or in a shutdown state. When the chip is in normal working state, it allows the battery to be charged at a specified current (e.g., 100mA charging, which can be controlled by the resistance value of R8). Figure 4 C6 and C7 in the circuit are both filter capacitors used to reduce voltage ripple. The circuit converts the 5V charging voltage to 3.7V, specifically for charging the lithium battery, and is completely isolated from the diaphragm power supply (1.5V). The power input is filtered by capacitor C9 (0.1μF) to remove high-frequency noise and ensure stable logic voltage.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the system further includes a microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to control the operating level of each control pin of the power management system; each control pin includes the first input pin and the second input pin.

[0052] Figure 5 A pin diagram of a microcontroller according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, P1.0, P1.1, and P3.7 are used to connect the various pins of the driver module; P3.5 is used to provide the on / off control signal in the voltage conversion module; P3.4 can be used to output the indicator light signal GZD; while P3.3 and P3.2 are used for... Figure 3 The voltage values ​​at C8 and R6 are detected to trigger the corresponding protection function. Other pins in the microcontroller can be used adaptively according to the actual application scenario. For example, P1.3-P1.7 and P3.3 are connected to the antenna module. The functions of other pins in the microcontroller will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Therefore, the power management system obtained through the above scheme can achieve an output deviation of ≤±1% at 1.5V with an input voltage range of 3.0-4.2V; and a ripple voltage of ≤5mV under a full load of 50mA, meeting the requirements of electrochromic films to support μA-level standby power consumption and extending lithium battery life by more than 3 times. It adapts to the rapid power consumption changes of the electrochromic film from static (μA) to switching state (mA level), ensuring optical switching stability.

[0054] Therefore, in the above scheme, the transistor gate leads are connected to the microcontroller, making the functions more diverse. The microcontroller can support the expansion of the remote control circuit, realizing remote operation without triggering physical buttons. The output voltage accuracy of the voltage regulator circuit can reach ±1.5%.

[0055] Furthermore, the voltage regulator chip can also employ a bandgap reference source and fuse correction technology to ensure that the temperature drift coefficient of the output voltage is less than 100ppm / ℃ and the ripple rejection ratio is above 60dB. This makes it suitable for noise-sensitive analog circuits and high-precision digital circuits. Traditional voltage regulators usually lack such protection mechanisms and need to rely on external circuits, which increases the design complexity.

[0056] The H-bridge drive circuit used in this embodiment has low-power sleep characteristics, with a static current of only 10nA. It can generate PWM by a microcontroller to precisely control the output voltage (physical button signal → determine the value of IN1 and IN2 (this value is only 0 or 1, i.e., zero voltage and power supply voltage, and the magnitude of this value is not affected by other signals) → determine the potential difference between OUT1 and OUT2 (at the same time, the PWM signal controls the on / off time of the high level, i.e., 1 (regardless of whether 1 is IN1 or IN2 at this time), indirectly controlling the output time of the voltage difference between OUT1 and OUT2, and this process is manifested as the magnitude of the output voltage within a certain period of time). Increasing the voltage can accelerate the color change speed of the film, that is, increase the current. However, after the film reaches the limit of light transmittance, higher voltage will not have any effect, but will increase power consumption and affect the lifespan. Therefore, the voltage is maintained at a level that keeps the film close to the limit of light transmittance.

[0057] In summary, this application provides a power management system for electrochromic films. The power management system includes a voltage conversion module and a drive module. The voltage conversion module converts the supply voltage value at the power supply terminal into a first voltage. The drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip. The motor voltage terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the first voltage. The power supply terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is connected to the supply voltage value. The H-bridge driver chip also includes a first input pin, a second input pin, a first output pin, and a second output pin. The first and second output pins are used to output a second voltage. The second voltage is used to power the electrochromic film control. The polarity of the first and second output pins is controlled by the output levels of the first and second input pins. In this solution, the power management system can first convert the voltage at the power supply terminal to a first voltage via the voltage conversion module as a reference voltage for the H-bridge driver chip, and then output a stable second voltage value through the H-bridge driver chip to power the electrochromic film control. Compared to LDO power supply, this significantly improves energy efficiency and reduces heat dissipation.

[0058] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility model disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0059] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims

1. A power management system for an electrochromic louver, characterized by, The power management system includes a voltage conversion module and a drive module; the voltage conversion module is used to convert the supply voltage value at the power supply voltage terminal into a first voltage; The drive module includes an H-bridge drive chip; the motor voltage terminal of the H-bridge drive chip is connected to the first voltage; the power supply terminal of the H-bridge drive chip is connected to the power supply voltage value. The H-bridge driver chip also includes a first input pin, a second input pin, a first output pin, and a second output pin; the first output pin and the second output pin are used to output a second voltage; the second voltage is used to power the electrochromic film; the polarity of the first output pin and the second output pin is controlled by the output level of the first input pin and the second input pin.

2. The power management system of claim 1, wherein, The H-bridge driver chip also includes a sleep pin; when the sleep pin is low, the H-bridge driver chip is turned off.

3. The power management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage conversion module includes a first conversion chip, a switching circuit, and a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit; the output terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the power supply voltage terminal; the power supply voltage terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion chip; the output terminal of the first conversion chip outputs the first voltage.

4. The power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the power supply circuit, the battery power supply terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit through a first diode; the external power supply terminal is connected to the input terminal of the switching circuit through a second diode; the voltage value of the external power supply terminal when it is working is greater than the voltage value of the battery power supply terminal when it is working.

5. The power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching circuit includes a first MOSFET, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a third diode, a fourth diode, and a first switch; The input terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the control terminal of the first MOSFET through a second resistor; the control terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the input terminal of the second MOSFET through a third resistor; the output terminal of the second MOSFET is grounded; the control terminal of the second MOSFET is grounded through a fifth resistor; the control terminal of the second MOSFET is also connected to an on / off control signal through a fourth resistor; the input terminal of the second MOSFET is grounded sequentially through a fourth diode and a first switch; the first MOSFET is grounded sequentially through a sixth resistor, a third diode, and a first switch.

6. The power management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage conversion module also includes a second conversion chip; the input terminal of the second conversion chip is connected to the power supply voltage terminal; the output terminal of the second conversion chip outputs a third voltage.

7. The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The system also includes a battery power supply module; The battery power supply module includes a battery charging chip; the voltage input terminal of the battery charging chip is connected to an external power supply terminal; and the voltage output terminal of the battery charging chip is connected to the battery power supply terminal.

8. The power management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The system also includes a microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to control the operating level of each control pin of the power management system; each control pin includes the first input pin and the second input pin.

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