An airlock feeding device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of feeding systems and discloses an airlock feeding device, including a bracket, a housing mounted on the bracket, a feeding component arranged near the middle position on the upper part of the housing, and a rotor assembly rotatably mounted in the middle position inside the housing. The inner side and bottom surface of the housing are both provided with a first coating. The overall structure of this utility model is simple, can adapt to the conveying of various materials, and ensures that no adhesion occurs on the rotor blades and inner wall, the material is conveyed evenly and without blockage, the rotor blade replacement operation is simple, and the use effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of feeding systems, specifically, it relates to an airlock feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] In the production and processing of powdery or granular materials such as cement and clinker, core grinding equipment such as vertical mills and ball mills need to operate in a stable negative pressure environment to ensure grinding efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and control dust overflow. The airlock feeder serves as a crucial hub connecting the material conveying system and the grinding equipment.

[0003] As a key hub connecting the material conveying system and the grinding equipment, the airlock feeder must ensure that the material is continuously and evenly conveyed to the grinding equipment to avoid the grinding conditions being disordered due to feeding fluctuations. In addition, for wet materials, it is necessary to ensure that the material does not stick or block during the conveying process and that the equipment can operate continuously for a long time.

[0004] Existing solutions to material adhesion problems have significant drawbacks, especially those relying on hot air intervention, which can easily damage the material's viscosity and properties. To reduce the adhesion of damp materials to the shell and blade surfaces, most solutions employ direct hot air blowing or hot air channel heating structures (such as introducing hot air through a straight channel built into the blades or setting a hot air sleeve on the outside of the feed hopper). However, such designs have two major problems: First, the hot air temperature is difficult to control precisely. Excessive temperature can cause excessive evaporation of moisture from the material, altering its original viscosity (e.g., cement clinker particles agglomerate and harden due to water loss, or coal powder increases the risk of spontaneous combustion due to excessive temperature), thereby affecting the grinding efficiency and finished product quality of subsequent grinding processes. Second, the hot air's effective range is limited, only covering a local area of ​​the blades or feed hopper, and is not fully matched with the material conveying path. This results in materials easily adhering and accumulating in dead areas such as the bottom of the shell cavity and the discharge port due to insufficient temperature, requiring frequent manual cleaning, which affects production continuity and increases labor intensity.

[0005] Secondly, the wear of rotor blades and wear-resistant components is a prominent problem, and the replacement and maintenance process is complex and costly. The rotor blades of existing airlock feeding devices mostly adopt a fixed structure design. A small gap needs to be maintained between the blade edge and the inner wall of the shell and the bottom plate to achieve the functions of sealing and scraping. During long-term operation, the blade edge and wear-resistant strips (such as high manganese steel scrapers) are prone to uneven wear due to material friction.

[0006] A Chinese patent application with application number CN2019212678767 discloses a lock-air feeding device, including a frame and a housing mounted on the frame. The housing has an internal cavity, an inlet pipe at the top, and an outlet pipe at the bottom. A segmented rotary wheel assembly is arranged inside the cavity. The segmented rotary wheel assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the housing and an impeller assembly connected to the rotating shaft. The impeller assembly includes an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, and multiple blades arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, all connected to the rotating shaft. A ventilation channel is provided at the center of each blade, penetrating the blade and connecting the gap between the housing and the outer sleeve with the interior of the inner sleeve. A first hot air inlet is provided on the outer side of the housing, and a first hot air outlet is provided at the bottom of the housing. When the segmented rotary wheel assembly rotates to convey material, hot air is introduced through the first hot air inlet. The hot air enters the ventilation channel and heats the blades. When the wet material comes into contact with the heated blades, the material can be dried, reducing the adhesion between the material and the blades.

[0007] However, the patent's method of using hot air to prevent materials from adhering to the rotor blades is not very effective. Furthermore, the wear-resistant strips included in this patent application are prone to uneven wear due to the uncertain position of large particles. This results in a short service life for the wear-resistant strips, requiring frequent replacements, which increases the cost of use. The high frequency of replacements also increases the workload of the staff, further raising the cost. Utility Model Content

[0008] The main technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a lock-air feeding device with a simple overall structure, which can adapt to the conveying of various materials, ensures that no adhesion occurs on the rotor blades and inner wall, conveys materials evenly and without blockage, and makes rotor blade replacement simple, thereby improving the performance of the device.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A lock-air feeding device includes a bracket, a housing is mounted on the bracket, a feeding assembly is arranged near the middle position on the upper part of the housing, a rotor assembly is rotatably mounted in the middle position inside the housing, and a first coating is provided on the inner side and bottom surface of the housing.

[0011] The rotor assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the housing, a sleeve fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, multiple blades arranged in a ring on the outer surface of the sleeve, the multiple blades being detachably connected to the sleeve, and the ends of the blades away from the sleeve and the lower ends being respectively abutted against the side wall and bottom surface of the housing;

[0012] Both the sleeve and the outer surface of the blade are provided with a second coating.

[0013] The following are further optimizations of the above technical solution by this utility model:

[0014] The upper part of the housing is detachably fitted with a top cover plate, and an observation port is opened near the middle of the top cover plate.

[0015] Further optimization: A motor reducer is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper cover plate. The power output shaft of the motor reducer passes through the upper cover plate and is fixedly connected to the rotor assembly to drive the rotor assembly to rotate.

[0016] Further optimization: A photoelectric beam sensor is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing near the upper end.

[0017] Further optimization: The feeding assembly includes a feeding cylinder fixedly installed on the upper cover plate, a high-level ultrasonic level sensor fixedly installed near the upper position inside the feeding cylinder, and a low-level ultrasonic level sensor fixedly installed near the lower position inside the feeding cylinder.

[0018] Further optimization: Multiple square grooves arranged in a ring array are provided at the edge of the upper surface of the sleeve, and vertical grooves are provided on the outer surface of the sleeve at positions corresponding to the multiple square grooves. Two threaded holes are provided at intervals on the bottom surface of the square grooves.

[0019] Further optimization: The blade includes a mounting part and a rotating part. The thickness of the mounting part and the rotating part matches the vertical groove. A mounting block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the mounting part. The size of the mounting block matches the square groove. Two countersunk holes are opened on the mounting block at intervals. The size of the two countersunk holes and the distance between them match the two threaded holes in a square groove.

[0020] Further optimization: The lower ends of the mounting part and the rotating part are provided with second chamfers on both sides, and the ends of the second chamfers are in contact with the inner bottom cover surface of the housing. The rotating part away from the sleeve is provided with first chamfers on both sides, and the ends of the first chamfers are in contact with the inner side surface of the housing.

[0021] This utility model employs the above-mentioned technical solution, featuring an ingenious design and reasonable structure. During material conveying, a nano-level superhydrophobic ceramic coating is applied to the inner surface and bottom surface of the casing, as well as the sleeve and blade surfaces of the rotor assembly. This coating forms an air film, blocking the adhesion of damp materials (such as cement clinker and coal powder) at the contact interface, allowing the material to slide directly off. Simultaneously, the first and second chamfers on the blade edges are in close contact with the sidewalls and bottom surface of the casing, scraping away residual material during rotation and preventing accumulation in dead-angle areas. Compared to traditional hot air intervention methods, this design eliminates the need for temperature control, does not alter the material's viscosity or properties, and comprehensively covers the material conveying path, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and ensuring continuous production.

[0022] It is adaptable to various materials, ensuring uniform and stable conveying. The device utilizes high- and low-level ultrasonic level sensors to form a dual-safety control system: high-level triggering slows down the feed, while low-level triggering accelerates the feed, ensuring continuous and uniform material delivery to the grinding equipment and preventing grinding disruptions caused by feed fluctuations. Furthermore, the tight fit between the blades and the housing, along with the stable rotation of the rotor assembly, allows it to handle various materials such as powders and granules, and is less prone to clogging during conveying.

[0023] Furthermore, the blades and sleeves adopt a detachable connection structure, secured by locking bolts. Installation is simple; simply insert the blade along the vertical slot. Replacement is straightforward; simply loosen the bolts and remove the blade. This operation is simple and efficient. Compared to traditional fixed blade structures, this significantly reduces maintenance difficulty and labor intensity, minimizes downtime, and eliminates the need for complete rotor assembly replacement, thus lowering operating costs.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor assembly from another perspective in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor blade structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Bracket; 2. Housing; 21. Top cover; 22. Observation port; 23. First coating; 24. Discharge port; 25. Photoelectric beam sensor; 3. Feeding assembly; 31. Feeding cylinder; 32. High-position ultrasonic level sensor; 33. Low-position ultrasonic level sensor; 4. Motor reducer; 5. Rotor assembly; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Sleeve; 520. Square groove; 521. Vertical groove; 522. Threaded hole; 53. Blade; 530. Mounting block; 531. Countersunk hole; 532. First chamfer; 533. Second chamfer; 534. Third chamfer; 535. Second coating; 536. Slope; 537. Mounting part; 538. Rotating part; 54. Locking bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0030] like Figure 1-4As shown: A lock air feeding device includes a bracket 1, a housing 2 is mounted on the bracket 1, a feeding component 3 is arranged on the upper part of the housing 2 near the middle position, a rotor assembly 5 is rotatably mounted in the middle position inside the housing 2, and a first coating 23 is provided on the inner side and bottom surface of the housing 2.

[0031] The rotor assembly 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 rotatably mounted on the housing 2. A sleeve 52 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 51. Multiple blades 53 are arranged in annular array on the outer surface of the sleeve 52. The multiple blades 53 are detachably connected to the sleeve 52. The ends of the blades 53 away from the sleeve 52 and the lower ends are respectively abutted against the side wall and bottom surface of the housing 2.

[0032] Both the sleeve 52 and the blade 53 have a second coating 535 on their outer surfaces.

[0033] In this embodiment, the bracket 1 is made of multiple square tubes of different models, and the housing 2 is fixedly installed on the bracket 1.

[0034] The upper end of the housing 2 is detachably fitted with an upper cover plate 21, and an observation port 22 is provided on the upper cover plate 21 near the middle position.

[0035] A transparent acrylic plate is fixedly installed on the observation port 22, through which the material transportation inside the shell 2 can be observed in real time.

[0036] The feeding assembly 3 is fixedly installed on the other side of the upper cover plate 21 near the middle position.

[0037] A motor reducer 4 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper cover plate 21. The power output shaft of the motor reducer 4 passes through the upper cover plate 21 and is fixedly connected to the rotor assembly 5, driving the rotor assembly 5 to rotate.

[0038] The lower end of the housing 2 is sealed with a bottom cover, and a discharge port 24 is provided on the bottom cover near the edge.

[0039] A valve plate, not shown in the figure, is also provided at the discharge port 24. This device is closed in the initial stage of material conveying to avoid dust generation when conveying materials into the housing 2. When the material is conveyed to the discharge port 24, the valve plate can be opened under the push of the material. The opening angle is adapted to the material flow rate, effectively blocking dust and realizing the air-locking function.

[0040] The installation method of the valve plate is well known in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] A photoelectric beam sensor 25 is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 2 near the upper end.

[0042] The photoelectric through-beam sensor 25 includes a transmitter and a receiver. When there is no material, the light path is open and a normal signal is output. When the material reaches the position and blocks the light path, a trigger signal is output.

[0043] In this embodiment, the photoelectric through-beam sensor 25 is the Omron EE-SPW311 model, which is commercially available.

[0044] The first coating 23 is made by spraying nano-level superhydrophobic ceramic material onto the inner side and bottom surface of the shell 2. The first coating 23 can form an air film on the inner side and bottom surface of the shell 2, so that damp materials (such as cement clinker and coal powder) cannot adhere and can slide directly along the coating surface, blocking the bonding base from the contact interface.

[0045] The feeding assembly 3 includes a feeding cylinder 31 fixedly installed on the upper cover plate 21. The feeding cylinder 31 passes through the upper cover plate 21 and communicates with the interior of the housing 2.

[0046] A high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 is fixedly installed near the upper position inside the feed cylinder 31, and a low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 is fixedly installed near the lower position inside the feed cylinder 31.

[0047] The low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 and the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 work together to form a double insurance for the upper and lower limits of the material level: when the material rises from the low level to the high level, the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 will first exit the low level alarm, and when the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 is not triggered, the equipment will maintain normal feeding.

[0048] When the material level reaches the high level, the high-level ultrasonic material level sensor 32 is triggered, which controls the motor reducer 4 to slow down the speed, reduce the feeding, and prevent the material from overflowing.

[0049] When the material level drops from a high level to a low level, the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 will exit the high-level alarm, and the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 will not be triggered. The equipment will maintain normal feeding.

[0050] When the material level is lower than the low level, the low-level ultrasonic material level sensor 33 is triggered, which controls the motor reducer 4 to increase the speed, increase the feeding, and prevent air leakage from the feeding cylinder 31.

[0051] Both the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 and the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 are based on the principle of "echo ranging" to detect material level. By emitting ultrasonic waves and receiving the reflected echoes, the distance between the sensor and the material surface is calculated, thereby determining whether the material level has reached the preset high or low threshold. The specific principle is well known in the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0052] In this embodiment, both the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 and the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 are from the DB series of the Meakons brand, which are commercially available.

[0053] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the rotating shaft 51 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the motor reducer 4, and the rotating shaft 51 is located inside the housing 2.

[0054] The end of the rotating shaft 51 away from the motor reducer 4 is rotatably mounted on the bottom cover of the housing 2 via a bearing.

[0055] The power output shaft of the motor reducer 4 is rotatably connected to the upper cover plate 21 via a bearing.

[0056] Mechanical seals are provided at the connection between the rotating shaft 51 and the bottom cover, and at the connection between the power output shaft of the motor reducer 4 and the upper cover plate 21, to prevent leakage during material conveying.

[0057] The upper surface edge of the sleeve 52 is provided with a plurality of square grooves 520 arranged in a ring array.

[0058] Vertical grooves 521 are formed on the outer surface of the sleeve 52 at positions opposite to the square grooves 520. The vertical grooves 521 are arranged along the height of the sleeve 52, and one end of the vertical groove 521 near the upper cover plate 21 is connected to the square grooves 520.

[0059] The square groove 520 has two spaced threaded holes 522 on its bottom surface.

[0060] The blade 53 includes a mounting part 537 and a rotating part 538, which are integrally connected together.

[0061] The height of the mounting part 537 is higher than that of the rotating part 538. A ramp 536 is provided at the connection between the mounting part 537 and the rotating part 538 to facilitate the falling of materials.

[0062] The thickness of the mounting part 537 and the rotating part 538 matches that of the vertical groove 521.

[0063] An installation block 530 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the installation part 537, and the size of the installation block 530 matches the square groove 520.

[0064] The mounting block 530 has two countersunk holes 531 spaced apart. The size of the two countersunk holes 531 and the spacing between them match the two threaded holes 522 in a square groove 520.

[0065] During installation, the mounting part 537 of the blade 53 is inserted into the vertical groove 521 from top to bottom until the mounting block 530 enters the square groove 520. The countersunk hole 531 and the corresponding threaded hole 522 are internally threaded with locking bolts 54.

[0066] After the blade 53 is inserted into the vertical groove 521, it is locked by the locking bolt 54. During use, if the blade 53 is damaged and needs to be repaired or replaced, simply loosen the locking bolt 54 and pull the corresponding blade 53 out of the vertical groove 521.

[0067] The mounting part 537 and the rotating part 538 are both provided with a second chamfer 533 on both sides of their lower ends, and the end of the second chamfer 533 is in contact with the inner bottom cover surface of the housing 2.

[0068] The rotating part 538 has a first chamfer 532 on both sides of the end away from the sleeve 52, and the end of the first chamfer 532 is in contact with the inner side of the housing 2.

[0069] With this design, when conveying materials, the blades 53 rotate to scrape off the materials on the bottom cover and inner side of the housing 2, thus preventing sticky materials from adhering.

[0070] Both the mounting part 537 and the rotating part 538 have a third chamfer 534 on both sides of their upper ends to facilitate the falling of materials.

[0071] In this embodiment, the second coating 535 is also made by spraying nano-level superhydrophobic ceramic material onto the outer surface of the sleeve 52 and the blade 53. The second coating 535 can form an air film on the outer surface of the sleeve 52 and the blade 53, so that wet materials (such as cement clinker and coal powder) cannot adhere and can slide directly along the coating surface, blocking the bonding base from the contact interface.

[0072] A control cabinet for controlling the operation of the device is also provided on the upper cover plate 21 near the observation port 22, and the control cabinet contains a control system.

[0073] The control terminal of the motor reducer 4 is electrically connected to the control system, and the signal output terminals of the photoelectric sensor 25, the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32, and the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 are electrically connected to the control system.

[0074] In use, the material enters the housing 2 through the feed cylinder 31. The motor reducer 4 drives the rotating shaft 51 of the rotor assembly 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the sleeve 52 and the blades 53 of the annular array to rotate. The blades 53 continuously and evenly push the material entering the housing 2 toward the discharge port 24.

[0075] The high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 and the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 inside the feed cylinder 31 monitor the material level in real time. When the material rises from the low level to the high level, the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 first exits the low-level alarm. When the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 is not triggered, the equipment maintains normal feeding. When the material level reaches the high level, the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 is triggered, and the control system controls the reduction of feeding to prevent material overflow. When the material level drops from the high level to the low level, the high-level ultrasonic level sensor 32 exits the high-level alarm. When the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 is not triggered, the equipment feeds normally. When the material level is lower than the low level, the low-level ultrasonic level sensor 33 is triggered, and the control system controls the increase of feeding to avoid air leakage in the feed cylinder 31.

[0076] The photoelectric beam sensor 25 on the upper end of the inner wall of the housing 2 is used to monitor whether the material has reached the position. When there is no material, the light path is open and a normal signal is output. When the material blocks the light path, a trigger signal is output, which makes it easy to understand the position status of the material in the housing 2 in a timely manner.

[0077] The inner surface of the housing 2, the bottom surface of the bottom cover, and the outer surfaces of the sleeve 52 and the blade 53 are all coated with a nano-level superhydrophobic ceramic coating to form an air film, which prevents damp materials from adhering and allows them to slide directly down the surface, thus blocking the adhesion base. At the same time, when the blade 53 rotates, its lower end second chamfer 533 contacts the bottom of the housing 2, and the first chamfer 532 at the end away from the sleeve 52 contacts the side wall of the housing 2, which can scrape off the adhering materials on the bottom and inner side wall of the housing 2, preventing the materials from adhering and accumulating.

[0078] If blade 53 is damaged and needs to be repaired or replaced, simply loosen the locking bolt 54, pull the corresponding blade 53 out of the vertical groove 521, replace it with a new blade 53, and then tighten it again. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0079] In addition to this embodiment, the surfaces of the first chamfer 532 and the second chamfer 533 may be coated with an adhesive layer to ensure that the first chamfer 532 and the inner side of the housing 2, and the second chamfer 533 and the inner bottom surface of the housing 2 are in soft contact, thus providing a protective function.

[0080] For those skilled in the art, any changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the embodiments based on the teachings of this utility model, without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A lock-air feeding device, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: The bracket (1) is equipped with a housing (2), and a feeding assembly (3) is provided on the upper part of the housing (2) near the middle position. A rotor assembly (5) is rotatably installed in the middle position inside the housing (2). The inner side and bottom surface of the housing (2) are both provided with a first coating (23). The rotor assembly (5) includes a rotating shaft (51) rotatably mounted on the housing (2). A sleeve (52) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (51). Multiple blades (53) are arranged in annular array on the outer surface of the sleeve (52). The multiple blades (53) are detachably connected to the sleeve (52). The ends of the blades (53) away from the sleeve (52) and the lower ends are respectively abutted against the side wall and bottom surface of the housing (2). The outer surfaces of both the sleeve (52) and the blade (53) are provided with a second coating (535).

2. The airlock feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the housing (2) is detachably fitted with an upper cover plate (21), and an observation port (22) is provided near the middle of the upper cover plate (21).

3. The airlock feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A motor reducer (4) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper cover plate (21). The power output shaft of the motor reducer (4) passes through the upper cover plate (21) and is fixedly connected to the rotor assembly (5) to drive the rotor assembly (5) to rotate.

4. The airlock feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A photoelectric beam sensor (25) is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing (2) near the upper end.

5. The airlock feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (3) includes a feeding cylinder (31) fixedly installed on the upper cover plate (21), a high-level ultrasonic level sensor (32) fixedly installed in the feeding cylinder (31) near the upper position, and a low-level ultrasonic level sensor (33) fixedly installed in the feeding cylinder (31) near the lower position.

6. The airlock feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface edge of the sleeve (52) is provided with a plurality of square grooves (520) arranged in a ring array. Vertical grooves (521) are provided on the outer surface of the sleeve (52) at positions opposite to the plurality of square grooves (520). Two threaded holes (522) are provided at intervals on the bottom surface of the square grooves (520).

7. The airlock feeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blade (53) includes a mounting part (537) and a rotating part (538). The thickness of the mounting part (537) and the rotating part (538) matches the vertical groove (521). A mounting block (530) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the mounting part (537). The size of the mounting block (530) matches the square groove (520). Two countersunk holes (531) are provided on the mounting block (530) at intervals. The size of the two countersunk holes (531) and the distance between them match the two threaded holes (522) in a square groove (520).

8. The airlock feeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting part (537) and the rotating part (538) are provided with a second chamfer (533) on both sides of the lower end. The end of the second chamfer (533) is in contact with the inner bottom cover surface of the housing (2). The rotating part (538) is provided with a first chamfer (532) on both sides of the end away from the sleeve (52). The end of the first chamfer (532) is in contact with the inner side surface of the housing (2).

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