A countercurrent particle suspension reactor
By designing a countercurrent particle suspension reactor, the particles and gas flow in opposite directions to extend the residence time, which solves the problems of backmixing, agglomeration, and coalescence in particle suspension reactors. It is suitable for both solid and liquid particles and improves reaction efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING GRAPHENE INST
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing particle suspension reactors have short particle residence times, resulting in undesirable behaviors such as backmixing, agglomeration, and coalescence, which are particularly evident in fluidized beds and moving beds.
Design a countercurrent particle suspension reactor where particles enter the main reaction zone from the feeding zone and descend, while airflow enters the main reaction zone from the receiving zone and ascends, forming a countercurrent. This prolongs the residence time of particles in the main reaction zone, slows down the particle descent speed, and avoids particle collision and backmixing.
By using a counter-current flow of particles and airflow, the residence time of particles in the reactor is extended, avoiding adverse behavior caused by particle collisions. This method is suitable for both solid and liquid particles and improves reaction efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224442964U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical reactor technology, specifically to a countercurrent particle suspension reactor. Background Technology
[0002] Chemical reactors are the core equipment in reaction engineering. In particulate suspension reactors, reactant or catalyst particles are suspended in the reactor, achieving efficient heat and mass transfer between the gas and particulate two-phase flows within the reactor. They are widely used in engineering fields such as energy, chemical industry, environmental protection, metallurgy, and materials preparation.
[0003] There are two main types of particulate suspension reactors: fluidized bed and moving bed. In a fluidized bed reactor, gas is typically introduced at the bottom, carrying particles upwards to achieve fluidization of the powder particles. The main direction of particle movement in the fluidized bed is consistent with the gas flow direction. In a moving bed reactor, granular or blocky reactants or catalysts are continuously added at the top. As the reaction proceeds, the material moves downwards and exits from the bottom of the reactor, while gas passes through the solid bed, facilitating both the reaction and material transport processes.
[0004] Existing particulate fluidized bed reactors are classified into bubbling beds, spouted beds, turbulent beds, and fast beds. The following problems exist: 1. In turbulent and fast beds, the residence time of particles in the reactor is relatively short, typically less than 10 seconds under normal conditions; 2. While bubbling or spouted fluidized bed reactors can increase particle residence time, frequent collisions within the reactor cause particle breakage or surface breakage, altering the physicochemical properties of the particles; 3. Severe backmixing of particulate materials within the fluidized bed reactor significantly affects particle distribution, thus hindering the chemical reaction process.
[0005] The advantages of existing moving bed reactors for particle suspension are less backmixing of particles within the reactor and a longer, adjustable residence time. However, existing moving bed reactors for particle suspension also have the following problems: 1. Most powder particle reactors have internal components to hinder powder fall, reduce powder fall velocity, and increase powder residence time. However, this method is not suitable for nanoparticles, viscous particles, and liquid particles that are prone to agglomeration, aggregation, and adhesion to internal components. 2. Uneven particle distribution within the reactor and difficulty in controlling the uniformity of material movement lead to inconsistent and unstable residence times of powder particles in the reactor, and can also cause localized particle collisions and agglomeration.
[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing particle suspension reactors, such as short residence times and undesirable particle behaviors like backmixing, agglomeration, and coalescence, this patent proposes a countercurrent particle suspension downflow reactor. This reactor allows for longer particle residence times, avoiding agglomeration and coalescence caused by interactions between particles and between particles and reactor components. The reactor is suitable for both solid and liquid particles. Utility Model Content
[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the problems of short particle residence time in the reactor in the prior art, and the undesirable behaviors of particles such as backmixing, agglomeration and coalescence in the reactor, so as to provide a countercurrent particle suspension reactor.
[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a countercurrent particle suspension reactor, comprising: a reaction body zone, a feeding zone, and a receiving zone. Particles enter the reaction body zone from the feeding zone and move downwards. Airflow enters the reaction body zone from the receiving zone and moves upwards. In the reaction body zone, the particle movement and airflow form a countercurrent, which slows down the particle descent speed, prolongs the particle residence time, and allows the particles to participate in the reaction. After the reaction, the particles enter the receiving zone for collection.
[0009] Optionally, the feeding area is located above the reaction body area and connected to the upper port of the reaction body area, and the receiving area is located below the reaction body area and connected to the lower port of the reaction body area.
[0010] Optionally, the main wall of the reaction body area is arranged in a vertical direction.
[0011] Optionally, the equivalent diameter of the feeding zone and the receiving zone is larger than the equivalent diameter of the reaction body zone.
[0012] Optionally, the ratio of the equivalent diameter of the feeding zone and the receiving zone to the equivalent diameter of the reaction body zone is greater than 2.
[0013] Optionally, a feeding area extension wall is provided at the connection between the feeding area and the upper port, and a receiving area extension wall is provided at the connection between the receiving area and the lower port. The angles between the outer side of the feeding area extension wall and the receiving area extension wall and the extension line of the main body wall are both 15°-90°.
[0014] Optionally, the feeding area is provided with a feeding device and a gas outlet component.
[0015] Optionally, the gas outlet component is located in the area above the feeding zone.
[0016] Optionally, the receiving area is provided with a receiving device, and the receiving area is also provided with a gas inlet component.
[0017] Optionally, the receiving area is equipped with a discharge device.
[0018] Optionally, the gas inlet component is located in the area below the receiving zone.
[0019] Optionally, at least one of the reaction body area, the feeding area, and the receiving area is provided with auxiliary equipment, which includes at least one of the following: a heating device, a heat preservation device, a cooling device, a sound field generating device, a magnetic field generating device, and a monitoring device.
[0020] Optionally, a local air inlet is provided on the main wall of the reaction body area.
[0021] The technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages:
[0022] 1. The countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided by this utility model, on the one hand, the reactant gas enters the reactor from the lower receiving zone, moves radially upward, passes through the main reaction zone, enters the upper feeding zone of the reactor, and exits the reactor from the feeding zone. On the other hand, particles enter the reactor from the feeding zone, descend into the main reaction zone, and are slowed down by the rising airflow in the main reaction zone, participating in the reaction and descending to the bottom of the main reaction zone to enter the receiving zone. By using a countercurrent flow of particles and airflow, the residence time of particles in the main reaction zone is extended, which can avoid undesirable behaviors such as backmixing, agglomeration, and coalescence caused by particle collision. This reactor can be used for both solid and liquid particles. The countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided by this utility model solves the problems of short particle residence time and undesirable behaviors such as backmixing, agglomeration, and coalescence of particles in the reactor in the prior art.
[0023] 2. The countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided by this utility model has a feeding zone connected to the upper part of the reaction body zone via an upper port, and a receiving zone connected to the lower part of the reaction body zone via a lower port.
[0024] 4. In the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided by this utility model, the reaction gas enters the reactor through the gas inlet component of the lower feeding zone, moves radially upward, passes through the main reaction zone, enters the upper feeding zone of the reactor, and leaves the reactor through the gas outlet component of the feeding zone. The particles enter the reactor through the feeding device of the feeding zone, enter the main reaction zone, and are slowed down by the rising airflow in the main reaction zone, and then enter the receiving zone.
[0025] 5. The countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided by this utility model, including at least one auxiliary device among the heating device, heat preservation device, cooling device, sound field generating device, magnetic field generating device, and monitoring device, can provide the process conditions required for the reaction process for at least one of the reaction body zone, feeding zone, and receiving zone of the reactor, thus making it suitable for various reaction processes and material modification processes.
[0026] 6. The countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided by this utility model has a local air inlet on the main wall of the reaction body that can replenish the reaction gas into the reaction body during the reaction process. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this utility model.
[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central feeding area;
[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the intermediate receiving area.
[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0032] 1. Reaction body area; 11. Main body wall; 12. Upper port; 13. Lower port;
[0033] 2. Feeding area; 21. Feeding area extension wall; 22. Feeding device; 23. Gas outlet component; 24. Feeding area side wall; 25. Feeding area top wall;
[0034] 3. Receiving area; 31. Receiving area extension wall; 32. Receiving device; 33. Gas inlet component; 34. Receiving area side wall; 35. Receiving area bottom wall. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0038] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0039] This embodiment provides a structure for a countercurrent particle suspension reactor that can extend the particle reaction time, for use in reaction engineering.
[0040] like Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a specific implementation of a countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, comprising: a reaction body zone 1, a feeding zone 2, and a receiving zone 3. Particles enter the reaction body zone 1 from the feeding zone 2, moving downwards. Airflow enters the reaction body zone 1 from the receiving zone 3, moving upwards. Within the reaction body zone 1, the particles and airflow form a countercurrent, slowing the particle descent speed and participating in the reaction. The reacted particles then enter the receiving zone 3 for collection.
[0041] In operation, the reactant gas enters the reactor from the lower receiving zone 3, moving upwards through the main reaction zone 1 and into the upper feeding zone 2, where it exits the reactor. Simultaneously, particles enter the reactor from the feeding zone 2, passing through the upper port 12 into the main reaction zone 1. Within the main reaction zone 1, the particles are acted upon by the rising airflow, slowing their descent and allowing them to participate in the reaction. After the reaction, the particles reach the bottom of the main reaction zone 1 and enter the receiving zone 3 for collection. This counter-current flow of particles and airflow extends the residence time of the particles within the main reaction zone 1. The downward movement of the particles, aligned with gravity, avoids backmixing and agglomeration caused by particle collisions, common in fluidized bed reactors. This reactor can be used for both solid and liquid particles. The counter-current particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment solves the problems of short particle residence time and backmixing, agglomeration, and other undesirable behaviors in existing technologies.
[0042] It should be noted that the residence time of particles in the main reaction zone 1 can be adjusted by regulating the flow rate of the reaction gas in the reactor.
[0043] Specifically, the cross-sections of the feeding area 2, the reaction body area 1, and the receiving area 3 are not limited to circles, but can also be square, polygonal, or other shapes.
[0044] Specifically, the feeding area 2, the reaction body area 1, and the receiving area 3 may have few or no internal components, preferably no internal components, to further prevent problems such as particle agglomeration, aggregation, and adhesion to the wall.
[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the feeding zone 2 is located above the reaction body zone 1 and connected to the upper port 12 of the reaction body zone 1, and the receiving zone 3 is located below the reaction body zone 1 and connected to the lower port 13 of the reaction body zone 1.
[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the equivalent diameters of the feeding zone 2 and the receiving zone 3 are larger than the equivalent diameter of the reaction body zone 1.
[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the ratio of the equivalent diameter of the feeding zone 2 and the receiving zone 3 to the equivalent diameter of the reaction body zone 1 is greater than 2.
[0048] like Figure 1As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, a feeding zone extension wall 21 is provided at the connection between the feeding zone 2 and the upper port 12, and a receiving zone extension wall 31 is provided at the connection between the receiving zone 3 and the lower port 13. The angles between the outer side of the feeding zone extension wall 21 and the receiving zone extension wall 31 and the extension line of the main body wall 11 are both 15°-90°.
[0049] It should be added that, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the dashed line is the extension line of the main body wall 11, α is the angle between the feeding area extension wall 21 and the extension line of the main body wall 11, and β is the angle between the receiving area extension wall 31 and the extension line of the main body wall 11.
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the feeding zone 2 is equipped with a feeding device 22 and a gas outlet component 23. The feeding device 22 is used to convey particles into the feeding zone 2, and the gas outlet component 23 is used to output reaction gas.
[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the gas outlet component 23 is located in the area above the feeding zone 2.
[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the receiving zone 3 is equipped with a receiving device 32, and the receiving zone 3 is also equipped with a gas inlet component 33. The receiving device 32 is used for particle receiving, and the gas inlet component 33 is used for gas input.
[0053] In the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the receiving zone 3 is equipped with a discharge device.
[0054] It should be noted that, depending on the design requirements of the reactor, either the receiving device 32 or the discharging device can be selected, or both the receiving device and the discharging device can be provided simultaneously.
[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, in the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, the gas inlet component 33 is located in the area below the receiving zone 3.
[0056] In the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, at least one of the reaction body zone 1, the feeding zone 2, and the receiving zone 3 is equipped with auxiliary equipment. The auxiliary equipment includes at least one of a heating device, a heat preservation device, a cooling device, a sound field generator, a magnetic field generator, and a monitoring device. The heating device, heat preservation device, cooling device, sound field generator, and magnetic field generator can provide the process conditions required for the reaction process in the reactor. The monitoring device can monitor the reactor interior. One or more auxiliary devices can be selected according to the reaction process and process requirements, thereby making the reactor suitable for various reaction processes and material modification processes. Alternatively, as an alternative implementation, auxiliary equipment may not be provided depending on the reaction requirements.
[0057] Specifically, in the feeding area 2, the auxiliary equipment includes, but is not limited to, being installed inside the feeding area 2, or at the side wall 24, top wall 25, or extension wall 21 of the feeding area, or as an equipment unit installed outside the feeding area 2.
[0058] Specifically, in the reaction body area 1, the auxiliary equipment includes, but is not limited to, being disposed inside the reaction body area 1, or disposed on the main body wall 11, or being disposed as an equipment unit outside the reaction body area 1.
[0059] Specifically, in the receiving area 3, the auxiliary equipment includes, but is not limited to, being installed inside the receiving area 3, or on the side wall 34, bottom wall 35, or extension wall 31 of the receiving area, or as an equipment unit installed outside the receiving area 3.
[0060] In the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, a local air inlet is provided on the main wall 11 of the reaction body zone 1. The local air inlet can replenish the reaction gas into the reaction body zone 1 during the reaction process. Alternatively, as an alternative implementation, the local air inlet can be omitted.
[0061] How to use:
[0062] like Figure 1As shown, the countercurrent particle suspension reactor provided in this embodiment, during use, on the one hand, the reaction gas enters the reactor from the gas inlet component 33 of the lower receiving zone 3, flows upward through the main reaction zone 1, enters the upper feeding zone 2 of the reactor, and leaves the reactor through the gas outlet component 23 in the feeding zone 2. On the other hand, particles enter the reactor from the feeding zone 2 through the feeding device 22, enter the main reaction zone 1, and are affected by the rising airflow in the main reaction zone 1, which slows down the descent speed of the particles and allows them to participate in the reaction. The particles reach the bottom of the main reaction zone 1 and enter the receiving zone 3, where they are collected by the receiving device 32. By using the countercurrent flow of particles and airflow, the residence time of the particles in the main reaction zone 1 is extended.
[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A counter-current particle suspension reactor, characterized in that include: The reaction body area (1), the feeding area (2) and the receiving area (3) are defined. Particles enter the reaction body area (1) from the feeding area (2) and move from top to bottom. Airflow enters the reaction body area (1) from the receiving area (3) and moves from bottom to top. In the reaction body area (1), particles and airflow form a countercurrent, which slows down the falling speed of the particles and participates in the reaction. After the reaction, the particles enter the receiving area (3) for collection.
2. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding area (2) is located above the reaction body area (1) and connected to the upper port (12) of the reaction body area (1). The receiving area (3) is located below the reaction body area (1) and connected to the lower port (13) of the reaction body area (1).
3. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that The main wall (11) of the reaction body area (1) is set in the vertical direction.
4. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that The equivalent diameter of the feeding zone (2) and the receiving zone (3) is greater than the equivalent diameter of the reaction body zone (1).
5. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that The ratio of the equivalent diameter of the feeding zone (2) and the receiving zone (3) to the equivalent diameter of the reaction body zone (1) is greater than 2.
6. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that A feeding area extension wall (21) is provided at the connection between the feeding area (2) and the upper port (12), and a receiving area extension wall (31) is provided at the connection between the receiving area (3) and the lower port (13). The angle between the outer side of the feeding area extension wall (21) and the receiving area extension wall (31) and the extension line of the main body wall (11) is 15°-90°.
7. The counterflow particulate suspension reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding area (2) is provided with a feeding device (22) and a gas outlet component (23), which is located in the upper region of the feeding area (2).
8. The counter-flow particulate suspension reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The receiving area (3) is provided with a receiving device (32), and the receiving area (3) is also provided with a gas inlet component (33), which is located in the lower area of the receiving area (3); And / or, the receiving area (3) is provided with a discharge device.
9. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that At least one of the reaction body area (1), the feeding area (2) and the receiving area (3) is provided with auxiliary equipment, which includes at least one of the following: heating device, heat preservation device, cooling device, sound field generating device, magnetic field generating device and monitoring device.
10. The counter-current particle suspension reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that A local air inlet is provided on the main wall (11) of the reaction body area (1).