A positioning fixture for milling inclined surfaces of mechanical parts

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of inclined surface machining technology for mechanical parts, specifically relating to a positioning fixture for inclined surface milling of mechanical parts. It includes a base plate, a pushing assembly, a flipping assembly, and a flat-jaw vise. The flat-jaw vise is fixedly mounted on the flipping assembly. The pushing assembly is disposed on the base plate and is connected to the flipping assembly for transmission to achieve angle flipping adjustment of the flat-jaw vise. Two secondary limiting assemblies are symmetrically arranged above the base plate, located on opposite sides of the flipping assembly. This utility model utilizes a lead screw and slider in the pushing assembly in conjunction with the flipping assembly, allowing angle adjustment to be achieved through a single handle operation. Compared to traditional worm gear structures, this effectively improves adjustment efficiency and shortens angle adjustment time. The secondary limiting assemblies enhance the supporting rigidity of the flipping plate after angle adjustment, effectively suppressing elastic deformation caused by cutting forces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of inclined surface machining technology for mechanical parts, and specifically relates to a positioning fixture for inclined surface milling of mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, two main clamping methods are used for milling inclined surfaces of mechanical parts: traditional flat-jaw vises and special angle flat-jaw vises. While traditional flat-jaw vises are simple in structure and widely used, they have significant shortcomings when machining inclined surfaces: 1. Their fixed and movable jaws can only achieve parallel clamping, requiring the use of wedge blocks or auxiliary tooling during inclined surface machining. Each adjustment necessitates realignment, averaging 15-20 minutes; 2. The limited contact area of ​​the support blocks during milling easily leads to elastic deformation of 0.05-0.1mm, making it difficult to guarantee angular accuracy (errors generally exceed ±1°); 3. When the machining angle is greater than 30°, the workpiece is prone to slippage under cutting force, severely affecting the surface roughness (Ra value increases by approximately 40%).

[0003] In contrast, while existing angle-adjustable vises can achieve a certain range of angle adjustment, they still have the following problems: 1. The adjustment mechanism mostly uses worm gear transmission, requiring the handle to be rotated 3-5 times for every 1° adjustment, resulting in low efficiency; 2. The locking device is separate from the adjustment mechanism, which easily causes an angle rebound of 0.2-0.5° when locking; 3. The support structure is mostly a single-point hinge, which will produce a slight displacement of 0.01-0.03mm during heavy cutting. Therefore, this utility model proposes a positioning fixture for inclined milling of mechanical parts. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning fixture for milling inclined surfaces of mechanical parts, which can solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a positioning fixture for inclined milling of mechanical parts, including a base plate, a pushing component, a flipping component, and a flat-jaw vise. The flat-jaw vise is fixedly installed on the flipping component. The pushing component is set on the base plate and is connected to the flipping component to realize the angle flipping adjustment of the flat-jaw vise. Two secondary limiting components are symmetrically arranged above the base plate, and the two secondary limiting components are respectively located on both sides of the flipping component.

[0007] The pushing assembly includes a guide rail, a lead screw, and a translation block. The guide rail is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate by bolts. The lead screw is arranged parallel above the guide rail and is rotatably mounted on two stabilizing plates by bearings. The two stabilizing plates are vertically fixed on both sides of the guide rail and their bottoms are tightly connected to the base plate. The translation block forms a lead screw nut pair with the lead screw through a threaded hole, and the bottom of the translation block is rigidly connected to the slider. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail through a linear guide rail pair.

[0008] The flipping assembly includes a flipping plate and a movable support plate. The flat-jaw pliers are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the flipping plate by bolts. Rotating fixing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the lead screw. The two rotating fixing plates are vertically fixed on the base plate. A horizontal shaft is installed through one side of the flipping plate, and the two ends of the horizontal shaft are rotatably installed on the rotating fixing plate by bearings. The movable support plate is located below the flipping plate, and its two sides are rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the flipping plate and the upper surface of the sliding block by hinge seats.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary limiting component includes a diagonal brace and a sliding block. The diagonal brace is inclinedly disposed on the side of the flip plate and the rotating fixed plate. The two ends of the diagonal brace are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft. The sliding block is mounted on the upper rotating shaft by a bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding block is slidably fitted into the sliding groove, and the sliding groove is configured as two grooves and is respectively opened on the left and right sides of the flip plate.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary limiting component further includes a limiting screw, which is slidably inserted into a sliding hole. The sliding hole is configured as two symmetrically opened on the bottom surface of the flip plate and communicates with the sliding groove. The limiting screw is threaded through the sliding block and then abuts against the top surface of the sliding groove.

[0012] Preferably, the shaft on the lower side of the diagonal brace is rotatably mounted on the rotating fixed plate via a bearing, and the mounting position is located directly below the horizontal axis.

[0013] Preferably, the hinge seat on the upper side of the movable support plate is installed on the side of the bottom surface of the flip plate away from the horizontal axis.

[0014] Preferably, the flip plate is rotated around the horizontal axis, and the stepless flip adjustment from 0 to 90° is achieved by moving the support plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects are:

[0016] This invention utilizes a lead screw and slider in the pushing assembly, combined with a flipping assembly, to achieve angle adjustment via a single handle. Compared to traditional worm gear structures, this significantly improves adjustment efficiency and shortens angle adjustment time. The secondary limiting assembly enhances the support rigidity of the flipping plate after angle adjustment, effectively suppressing elastic deformation caused by cutting forces. The triangular support structure formed by the diagonal brace and the horizontal axis improves the support strength during angled milling, reduces vibration amplitude, and significantly improves machining positioning accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from the other side of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary positioning component of this utility model.

[0020] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0021] 1. Base plate; 2. Guide rail; 3. Slider; 4. Translation block; 5. Rotating fixed plate; 6. Flip plate; 6a. Slide groove; 6b. Slide hole; 7. Secondary limit assembly; 71. Diagonal brace; 72. Rotating shaft; 73. Slide block; 74. Limit screw; 8. Moving support plate; 9. Flat-nose pliers; 10. Lead screw; 11. Stabilizing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a positioning fixture for inclined milling of mechanical parts includes a base plate 1, a pushing assembly, a flipping assembly, and a flat-jaw vise 9. The flat-jaw vise 9 is fixedly installed on the flipping assembly. The pushing assembly is set on the base plate 1 and is connected to the flipping assembly to realize the angle flipping adjustment of the flat-jaw vise 9. Two secondary limiting assemblies 7 are symmetrically arranged above the base plate 1. The two secondary limiting assemblies 7 are located on both sides of the flipping assembly.

[0024] The pushing assembly includes a guide rail 2, a lead screw 10, and a translation block 4. The guide rail 2 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate 1 by bolts. The lead screw 10 is arranged parallel above the guide rail 2 and is rotatably installed on two stabilizing plates 11 by bearings. The two stabilizing plates 11 are vertically fixed on both sides of the guide rail 2 and are tightly connected to the base plate 1 at the bottom. The translation block 4 forms a lead screw 10 nut pair with the lead screw 10 through a threaded hole, and the bottom of the translation block 4 is rigidly connected to the slider 3. The slider 3 is slidably installed on the guide rail 2 through the linear guide rail 2 pair.

[0025] The flipping assembly includes a flipping plate 6 and a movable support plate 8. A flat-jaw pliers 9 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the flipping plate 6 by bolts. Rotating fixing plates 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the lead screw 10. The two rotating fixing plates 5 are vertically fixed on the base plate 1. A horizontal shaft is installed through one side of the flipping plate 6, and the two ends of the horizontal shaft are rotatably installed on the rotating fixing plates 5 through bearings. The movable support plate 8 is located below the flipping plate 6, and its two sides are rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the flipping plate 6 and the upper surface of the sliding block 4 through hinge seats.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the secondary limiting component 7 includes a diagonal brace 71 and a sliding block 73. The diagonal brace 71 is inclinedly disposed on the side of the flip plate 6 and the rotating fixing plate 5. The two ends of the diagonal brace 71 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft 72. The sliding block 73 is mounted on the upper rotating shaft 72 through a bearing. This design allows the diagonal brace 71 to provide rotational support for the sliding block 73 through the rotating shaft 72.

[0027] See attached document Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 The sliding block 73 is slidably fitted into the slide groove 6a. The slide groove 6a is configured as two grooves and is respectively opened on the left and right sides of the flip plate 6. In this way, the sliding block 73 can slide laterally along the slide groove 6a to adapt to the displacement changes when the flip plate 6 flips.

[0028] Furthermore, the secondary limiting component 7 also includes a limiting screw 74, which is slidably inserted into the sliding hole 6b. There are two sliding holes 6b, which are symmetrically opened on the bottom surface of the flip plate 6 and are connected to the sliding groove 6a. The limiting screw 74 is threaded through the sliding block 73 and then pressed against the top surface of the sliding groove 6a. This design allows the sliding block 73 to move and lock in the sliding hole 6b through the limiting screw 74, thereby achieving secondary positioning and reinforcement of the flip plate 6's flip angle.

[0029] Furthermore, the shaft 72 on the lower side of the diagonal brace 71 is rotatably mounted on the rotating fixed plate 5 via a bearing, and the mounting position is located directly below the horizontal axis. This design allows the diagonal brace 71 and the horizontal axis to form a double-point support structure, which in turn works with the limit screw 74 to enhance the rigidity of the flip plate 6.

[0030] Furthermore, the hinge seat on the upper side of the movable support plate 8 is located on the side of the bottom surface of the flip plate 6 away from the horizontal axis. This design allows the movable support plate 8 to push the flip plate 6 to rotate around the horizontal axis under the drive of the translation block 4, ensuring the stability of the angle adjustment process.

[0031] Furthermore, the flip plate 6 rotates around the horizontal axis and is pushed by the moving support plate 8 to achieve stepless flipping adjustment from 0 to 90°, thereby driving the flat-jaw vise 9 to complete the milling angle positioning of any inclined surface of the mechanical part.

[0032] Using the above structure, the following operational steps are included:

[0033] 1. Initial positioning:

[0034] The positioning fixture is fixed to the milling machine worktable via the base plate 1, ensuring that the direction of the guide rail 2 is parallel to the machine tool feed direction. The base plate 1 is locked with T-bolts, and the positioning error is controlled within 0.02mm.

[0035] 2. Coarse angle adjustment:

[0036] Rotate the handle of lead screw 10, which drives the translation block 4 to move along the guide rail 2 via the lead screw 10 nut pair. The translation block 4 pushes the moving support plate 8 through the hinge seat, causing the flip plate 6 to rotate around the horizontal axis. Observe the angle scale and adjust the flip plate 6 to the target angle range of ±2°.

[0037] 3. Angle fine-tuning:

[0038] Slowly fine-tune the lead screw 10 and perform precise calibration with a digital angle gauge. Stop adjusting when the angle error is less than 0.1°, at which point the diagonal brace 71 will automatically adjust its position according to the rotation angle.

[0039] 4. Rigid locking:

[0040] Tighten the limiting screw 74 to lock the sliding block 73 onto the top surface of the slide groove 6a. At the same time, the double support points formed by the diagonal brace 71 and the horizontal axis ensure the rigidity of the overall structure.

[0041] 5. Workpiece clamping:

[0042] Place the workpiece to be processed into the jaws of vise 9 and clamp it using the self-locking mechanism of vise 9. Use a dial indicator to check the angle between the workpiece positioning surface and the machine tool coordinate system, and confirm that the angle error does not exceed ±0.05°.

[0043] 6. Processing verification:

[0044] First, perform a trial cut and measure the angular deviation of the machined surface. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance, loosen the limit screw 74 for fine adjustment; the adjustment sensitivity can reach 0.02° / turn.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. All standard parts used in this application can be purchased from the market, and can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are mature technologies in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art. This application is mainly used to protect mechanical devices. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, are implemented according to conventional methods in the field.

Claims

1. A positioning jig for chamfer milling of a mechanical part, characterized by: The device includes a base plate (1), a pushing assembly, a flipping assembly, and a flat-jaw pliers (9). The flat-jaw pliers (9) are fixedly mounted on the flipping assembly. The pushing assembly is set on the base plate (1) and is connected to the flipping assembly to achieve the angle flipping adjustment of the flat-jaw pliers (9). Two secondary limiting assemblies (7) are symmetrically arranged above the base plate (1). The two secondary limiting assemblies (7) are located on both sides of the flipping assembly. The pushing assembly includes a guide rail (2), a lead screw (10), and a translation block (4). The guide rail (2) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate (1) by bolts. The lead screw (10) is arranged parallel above the guide rail (2) and is rotatably installed on two stabilizing plates (11) by bearings. The two stabilizing plates (11) are vertically fixed on both sides of the guide rail (2) and their bottoms are tightly connected to the base plate (1). The translation block (4) forms a lead screw (10) nut pair with the lead screw (10) through a threaded hole, and the bottom of the translation block (4) is rigidly connected to the slider (3). The slider (3) is slidably installed on the guide rail (2) through the linear guide rail (2) pair. The flipping assembly includes a flipping plate (6) and a movable support plate (8). The flat-jaw pliers (9) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the flipping plate (6) by bolts. Rotating fixing plates (5) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end of the lead screw (10). The two rotating fixing plates (5) are vertically fixed on the base plate (1). A horizontal shaft is installed through one side of the flipping plate (6), and the two ends of the horizontal shaft are rotatably installed on the rotating fixing plate (5) by bearings. The movable support plate (8) is located below the flipping plate (6), and its two sides are rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the flipping plate (6) and the upper surface of the translation block (4) by hinge seats.

2. The positioning tool for bevel milling of a mechanical part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary limiting component (7) includes a diagonal brace (71) and a sliding block (73). The diagonal brace (71) is inclinedly arranged on the side of the flip plate (6) and the rotating fixing plate (5). The two ends of the diagonal brace (71) are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft (72). The sliding block (73) is mounted on the upper rotating shaft (72) by a bearing.

3. The positioning tool for bevel milling of a mechanical part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding block (73) is slidably fitted in the sliding groove (6a), which is provided as two grooves and is respectively opened on the left and right sides of the flip plate (6).

4. A positioning fixture for inclined milling of mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary limiting component (7) also includes a limiting screw (74), which is slidably inserted into a sliding hole (6b). The sliding hole (6b) is set as two and symmetrically opened on the bottom surface of the flip plate (6) and communicates with the sliding groove (6a). The limiting screw (74) is threaded through the sliding block (73) and then abuts against the top surface of the sliding groove (6a).

5. The positioning tool for bevel milling of a mechanical part according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaft (72) on the lower side of the diagonal brace (71) is rotatably mounted on the rotating fixed plate (5) via a bearing, and the mounting position is located directly below the horizontal axis.

6. The positioning tool for bevel milling of a mechanical part according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinge seat on the upper side of the movable support plate (8) is located on the side of the bottom surface of the flip plate (6) away from the horizontal axis.

7. The positioning tool for bevel milling of a mechanical part according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flip plate (6) rotates around the horizontal axis and is pushed by the moving support plate (8) to achieve stepless flip adjustment from 0 to 90°.

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