A cavitation heating device
By using a cavitation heating device and a dual circulation system, and by inducing multiple cavitation effects through pipeline design, the energy consumption and maintenance problems of heating equipment are solved, achieving efficient and energy-saving heating.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG JINYIJIA THERMAL ENERGY TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
Smart Images

Figure CN224454702U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of heating equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a cavitation heating device. Background Technology
[0002] In existing heating systems, traditional heating equipment such as boilers mostly rely on the combustion of fossil fuels to generate heat, which not only consumes a lot of energy but also causes serious environmental pollution. Some new heat pump heating equipment mainly uses electric heating for auxiliary heating, which is highly dependent on electricity and cannot meet the goals of energy conservation and environmental protection.
[0003] For example, Chinese patent with announcement number "CN210801376U" discloses a cavitation liquid electric auxiliary heating unit, including a cavitation generator and a fluid heater. The fluid heater consists of 15 fluid heating tubes, which are connected in series as a whole through a splicing pipe. One end of the cavitation generator is directly connected to a high-temperature water tank, and the other end is connected to the high-temperature water tank through a cavitation pump. Water pipe I and water pipe III are respectively provided on the high-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank. Water pipe I and water pipe III merge into water pipe II. One end of the fluid heater is connected to water pipe II, and the other end is directly connected to the high-temperature water tank. An internal heat exchange pump is provided between the fluid heater and water pipe II.
[0004] When the above-mentioned patent is used, the water flow first passes through a fluid heater for heating, and then through a cavitation generator, resulting in faster temperature rise. However, the following problems still exist in its use: 1. The fluid heater relies on electric heating. Although the cavitation generator can improve efficiency to some extent, the fluid heater is still a high-energy-consuming component, and the heating process does not get rid of its heavy dependence on electrical energy; 2. The fluid heater is composed of multiple heating tubes connected in series. If one layer or one heating tube is damaged, the entire heating circuit will be interrupted, requiring complete disassembly and repair, resulting in poor maintenance convenience. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cavitation heating device. Its cavitation generator creates a difference in the cross-section of the water flow channel by changing the pipe diameter and the through hole diameter. It can induce multiple cavitation effects without additional drive, so that the hot water is further heated in the heating branch pipe, reducing energy consumption and greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the equipment.
[0006] The cavitation heating device includes a high-temperature water tank, a high-temperature water outlet pipe of the high-temperature water tank connected to a main pipeline, a branch pipeline connected to the main pipeline, a first water pump installed on each branch pipeline, the outlet ends of the branch pipelines connected to a main pipeline, a heating branch pipeline connected to the main pipeline, and a cavitation generator installed on the heating branch pipeline.
[0007] Preferably, the cavitation generator includes a cavitation shell, with annular plates sealed and fixedly connected to both ends of the cavitation shell. A third through hole is provided on the annular plate. A baffle is provided inside the cavitation shell, with multiple second through holes for water flow through the baffle. A cavitation pipe is fixedly connected between the baffle and the annular plate at the water inlet end of the cavitation shell. A first through hole is provided on the cavitation pipe. A cavitation outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle away from the cavitation pipe. The outer wall of the cavitation outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the corresponding annular plate.
[0008] Preferably, a cavitation water inlet pipe is sealed and fixedly connected to the annular plate at the water inlet end of the cavitation shell. The diameters of the cavitation water inlet pipe and the cavitation water outlet pipe are larger than the diameter of the cavitation pipe, and the diameter of the first through hole is larger than the diameter of the second through hole.
[0009] Preferably, it also includes a frame, on which a low-temperature water tank is fixedly connected, and a high-temperature water tank is fixedly installed above the low-temperature water tank. The high-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank are connected by a connecting pipe, and a valve is provided on the connecting pipe. The low-temperature water tank is connected to the water inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange component through a second water pump and a first pipeline, and the water outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange component is connected to the high-temperature water tank through a high-temperature water inlet pipe.
[0010] Preferably, the refrigerant heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchanger, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid storage tank, and a finned evaporator. The refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the liquid storage tank. The outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the finned evaporator through a throttling valve. The finned evaporator is connected to the gas-liquid separator. The gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor. The outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger.
[0011] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the frame, and the heat exchanger, compressor, gas-liquid separator and liquid storage tank are respectively fixedly installed on the support frame. The upper part of the support frame is provided with a fixing plate fixedly connected to the frame, and the finned evaporator is fixedly installed on the fixing plate.
[0012] Preferably, the low-temperature water tank is connected to a low-temperature water outlet pipe, which is connected to a connecting pipe. A water supply pipe is connected to the low-temperature water outlet pipe, and a water supply valve is provided on the water supply pipe.
[0013] Preferably, a backup pipeline is connected to the first pipeline, and the backup pipeline is equipped with a control valve and a backup water pump.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0015] 1. This utility model sets cavitation generators in multiple heating branch pipes. The cavitation generators create differences in the cross-section of the water flow channel by varying the pipe diameter and the orifice diameter. This can induce multiple cavitation effects without additional drive, thereby generating pressure pulses, high temperatures and micro-jet streams, which disrupt the water flow boundary layer. This allows the hot water to be further heated in the heating branch pipes, reducing energy consumption, improving the thermal efficiency of the equipment, and transferring heat to the heating area more efficiently. This improves the heating speed and temperature uniformity, bringing users a more comfortable heating experience.
[0016] 2. The dual-cycle synergistic efficiency improvement is achieved by adopting a dual-cycle system. In the refrigerant cycle, the compressor, heat exchanger and other components utilize the phase change characteristics of the refrigerant to efficiently transfer heat, which greatly improves energy utilization compared to traditional heating. On the other hand, the hot water circulation system enhances the heat transfer performance of hot water through the cavitation effect of the cavitation generator, reduces heat transfer loss, further reduces energy consumption, and significantly saves operating costs.
[0017] 3. The refrigerant heat exchange components adopt a multi-group design and share a tubular heat exchanger. While having a compact structure, the number of operating groups can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual heating load to achieve optimal resource allocation. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a cavitation generator.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cavitation generator.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow principle of a cavitation generator.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fluorine circuit heat exchange assembly;
[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cavitation generator, the first water pump, and the second water pump.
[0025] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of the fluorine circuit heat exchange assembly.
[0026] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 101. Support frame; 102. Fixing plate; 2. Low-temperature water tank; 201. Low-temperature water inlet; 202. Connecting pipe; 203. Low-temperature water outlet; 204. First pipeline; 3. High-temperature water tank; 301. High-temperature water outlet; 302. High-temperature water inlet; 303. Water outlet valve; 304. Main pipeline one; 305. Main pipeline two; 4. High-temperature water collection pipe; 401. Heating water outlet; 402. Heating branch pipe; 5. Finned evaporator; 6. Fluorine circuit heat exchange assembly; 601. Compressor; 602. Gas-liquid separator; 603. Liquid storage tank; 604. Heat exchanger; 7. Cavitation generator; 701. Cavitation inlet pipe; 702. Cavitation shell; 703. Cavitation pipeline; 704. First through hole; 705. Baffle; 706. Cavitation outlet pipe; 707. Second through hole; 708. Ring plate; 8. First water pump; 9. Second water pump; 10. Standby water pump; 11. Control valve one; 12. Water supply pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0028] The directional terms used in the detailed description paragraphs are only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions described in this application based on the visual orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setting," "installation," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0029] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a cavitation heating device includes a high-temperature water tank 3, which stores heated high-temperature hot water to provide a heat source for the entire heating system, ensuring a continuous and stable supply of high-temperature hot water during the heating process. The high-temperature outlet pipe 301 of the high-temperature water tank 3 is connected to a main pipeline 304 via an outlet valve 303. Multiple branch pipelines are connected to the main pipeline 304; in this embodiment, there are three branch pipelines. The main pipeline 304 evenly distributes the high-temperature water to each branch pipeline, serving to collect and distribute the high-temperature hot water, ensuring that the hot water is evenly delivered to each branch pipeline. Each branch pipeline is equipped with a first water pump 8, meaning the number of first water pumps 8 is the same as the number of branch pipelines. In use, one of the first water pumps 8 can be used as a standby pump, while the others serve as the main pumps. The standby pumps are generally in a closed state, only being activated when a pump fails, thus ensuring the normal operation of the system in emergencies.
[0030] The outlets of the branch pipes are all connected to the main pipe 305, which is connected to multiple heating branch pipes 402. In this embodiment, three heating branch pipes 402 are preferred. In this embodiment, the outlets of the multiple heating branch pipes 402 are all connected to a high-temperature water collection pipe 4, which is equipped with a heating outlet pipe 401 for connecting to the heating system.
[0031] Main pipe 2 (305) collects hot water from various branch pipes and redistributes it to the heating branch pipes (402), serving to aggregate and redistribute hot water. Even if one of the primary water pumps (8) fails, it ensures that hot water can smoothly reach the heating terminals. Each heating branch pipe (402) is equipped with a cavitation generator (7). Through a special structural design, the cavitation generator (7) generates numerous tiny bubbles in the water flow, which then burst, creating a cavitation effect that further heats the water in the heating branch pipe (402). This saves energy, improves the thermal efficiency of the equipment, and enhances the overall heating effect of the heating unit, allowing heat to be transferred more effectively to the heating area.
[0032] Specifically, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the cavitation generator 7 includes a cavitation shell 702. The cavitation shell 702 serves as the main outer casing of the cavitation generator 7, providing support and protection for the internal structure while forming a closed space. This allows water flow to generate a cavitation effect in a specific environment. Both ends of the cavitation shell 702 are sealed and fixedly connected to annular plates 708, which serve a sealing function and ensure that the water flow inside the cavitation generator can follow the designed path. A third through-hole, coaxially arranged with the cavitation shell 702, is provided in the middle of the annular plate 708, facilitating water flow in and out of the cavitation generator 7.
[0033] A baffle 705 is provided inside the cavitation shell 702 near the water outlet. The baffle 705 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavitation shell 702, and there is a certain distance between the baffle 705 and the adjacent annular plate 708 to facilitate subsequent water flow reversal. The baffle 705 has multiple second through holes 707 for water flow. The second through holes 707 restrict the water flow area, causing the water flow velocity to increase and the pressure to change when passing through the baffle 705, thus creating conditions for cavitation effect.
[0034] A cavitation pipe 703 is fixedly connected between the baffle 705 and the annular plate 708 at the water inlet end of the cavitation shell 702. A first through hole 704 is provided on the cavitation pipe 703. The first through hole 704 causes the water flow to form a high-speed jet and a local low-pressure area when it passes through, so that the water flow can more fully impact the inner wall of the cavitation shell 702, enhance the disturbance and pressure change of the water flow, and cause repeated reversal, thereby forming micro bubbles, which are then broken by impact with the water flow, triggering cavitation and increasing the water temperature.
[0035] A cavitation outlet pipe 706 is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle 705 away from the cavitation pipe 703, and the outer wall of the cavitation outlet pipe 706 is fixedly connected to the corresponding ring plate 708. The water after cavitation treatment flows through the cavitation outlet pipe 706 and enters the heating branch pipe 402 to participate in circulating heating and heat exchange.
[0036] A cavitation inlet pipe 701 is sealed and fixedly connected to the annular plate 708 at the water inlet end of the cavitation shell 702. The diameters of the cavitation inlet pipe 701 and the cavitation outlet pipe 706 are larger than the diameter of the cavitation pipe 703, thus creating a change in the cross-section of the water flow channel. This causes the water flow velocity to increase and the pressure to decrease when entering the cavitation pipe 703, making it easier to generate the cavitation effect. At the same time, the larger diameter of the cavitation inlet pipe 701 and the cavitation outlet pipe 706 ensures the water flow rate of the entire cavitation generator 7, preventing the hot water circulation and normal operation of the heating system from being affected by the narrowing of local pipes. The diameter of the first through hole 704 is larger than the diameter of the second through hole 707. This change in diameter further intensifies the pressure and velocity changes of the water flow inside the cavitation generator 7.
[0037] In operation, water flows into the cavitation pipe 703 through the cavitation inlet pipe 701, with only a small portion passing directly through the baffle 705 and exiting through the cavitation outlet pipe 706. Due to the small diameter of the upper second through hole 707 in the baffle 705, most of the water passes through the cavitation pipe 703 and collides with the inner wall of the cavitation shell 702, undergoing the first cavitation induction. A portion of this water flows through the baffle 705 and exits through the cavitation outlet pipe 706. Another portion of the water flows through the smaller-diameter second through hole 707 and collides with the corresponding ring plate 708. At this point, the flow velocity increases again, the pressure decreases further, and a cavitation reaction occurs again. Then, the water flow changes direction and passes through the baffle 705 again, colliding with other water flows for a third cavitation reaction. This cycle continues until the water flows through the baffle 705 and exits through the cavitation outlet pipe 706, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange performance of the equipment.
[0038] A cavitation heating device also includes a frame 1, on which a low-temperature water tank 2 is fixedly connected. The low-temperature water tank 2 is provided with a low-temperature water inlet 201, which is connected to a heating return water pipe. The low-temperature water tank 2 is used to store the low-temperature return water whose temperature drops after the heating cycle. A high-temperature water tank 3 is fixedly installed above the low-temperature water tank 2. The high-temperature water tank 3 and the low-temperature water tank 2 are connected by a connecting pipe 202. A valve is provided on the connecting pipe 202. When the valve is opened, the water in the high-temperature water tank 3 can flow into the low-temperature water tank 2 more easily under the action of gravity and participate in heat exchange and temperature rise. The low-temperature water tank 2 is connected to the water inlet of the refrigerant heat exchange component 6 via the second water pump 9 and the first pipeline 204. The second water pump 9 provides power for the low-temperature hot water to flow from the low-temperature water tank 2 to the refrigerant heat exchange component 6, ensuring that the low-temperature hot water can enter the refrigerant heat exchange component 6 for heat exchange at a suitable flow rate and velocity. The water outlet of the refrigerant heat exchange component 6 is connected to the high-temperature water tank 3 via the high-temperature water inlet pipe 302. The high-temperature hot water heated by the refrigerant heat exchange component 6 is transported to the high-temperature water tank 3, so that the high-temperature water tank 3 can continuously replenish the high-temperature hot water and ensure the stable operation of the heating system.
[0039] The refrigerant heat exchange assembly 6 includes a heat exchanger 604, a compressor 601, a gas-liquid separator 602, a liquid storage tank 603, and a finned evaporator 5. A support frame 101 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The compressor 601, gas-liquid separator 602, liquid storage tank 603, and heat exchanger 604 are arranged sequentially and fixedly mounted on the support frame 101, facilitating the connection and maintenance of the refrigerant system. Simultaneously, the support frame 101 also provides some vibration damping, reducing the impact of vibrations generated during equipment operation on other components. A fixing plate 102, fixedly connected to the frame 1, is located on the upper part of the support frame 101. The finned evaporator 5 is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate 102, ensuring sufficient heat exchange with the outside environment. This also makes the layout of the entire refrigerant heat exchange assembly 6 more compact and rational, facilitating the overall installation and operation management of the equipment.
[0040] The refrigerant outlet of heat exchanger 604 is connected to the inlet of liquid storage tank 603. The outlet of liquid storage tank 603 is connected to finned evaporator 5 via a throttling valve. Finned evaporator 5 is connected to gas-liquid separator 602. Gas-liquid separator 602 is connected to the inlet of compressor 601. The outlet of compressor 601 is connected to the inlet of heat exchanger 604. In this embodiment, there are four sets of refrigerant heat exchange components 6. Heat exchanger 604 is preferably a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the four sets of refrigerant heat exchange components 6 share one tube heat exchanger, resulting in a more compact structure.
[0041] A low-temperature water tank 2 is connected to a low-temperature water outlet pipe 203, which is connected to a connecting pipe 202. This allows hot water from the high-temperature water tank 3 to enter the low-temperature water tank 2 through the connecting pipe 202, achieving hot water circulation between the high and low temperature tanks and ensuring continuous heating and warming circulation. A water supply pipe 12 is connected to the low-temperature water outlet pipe 203. When the water volume in the system is insufficient, water can be added to the low-temperature water tank 2 through the water supply pipe 12 to ensure sufficient water volume for the normal operation of the hot water circulation system. A water supply valve is installed on the water supply pipe 12. The water supply valve controls the water supply volume and rate, adjusting the water level in the tank according to actual needs to ensure system water balance.
[0042] A backup pipeline is connected to the first pipeline 204, which is equipped with a control valve 11 and a backup water pump 10. In the event of a malfunction in the first pipeline 204 (such as blockage or damage) or a malfunction in the second water pump 9, it serves as a backup channel to ensure that low-temperature hot water can still be delivered from the low-temperature water tank 2 to the refrigerant heat exchange component 6, maintaining the normal operation of the heating system and improving the reliability and stability of the system.
[0043] The water circulation process of this utility model is as follows:
[0044] Low-temperature water tank 2 stores the cooled return water after the heating cycle. The second water pump 9 is activated to power the return water, causing it to flow along the first pipeline 204 to the refrigerant heat exchange assembly 6. In the refrigerant heat exchange assembly 6, the low-temperature return water exchanges heat with refrigerant such as Freon, absorbing the heat released by the refrigerant and increasing in temperature to become high-temperature hot water. The high-temperature hot water flows into the high-temperature water tank 3 for storage via the high-temperature inlet pipe 302.
[0045] The high-temperature hot water in the high-temperature water tank 3 enters the main pipeline 304 through the high-temperature outlet pipe 301, and then flows to various branch pipes. The first water pump 8 operates on the corresponding branch pipe, pushing the hot water to flow in the branch pipe. After being collected in the main pipeline 305, the hot water is distributed to various heating branch pipes 402. After being further heated by the cavitation generator 7, it is collected in the high-temperature water collection pipe 4 and then centrally supplied to users for heating through the heating outlet pipe 401. After heating, the temperature of the hot water decreases and flows back to the low-temperature water tank 2, completing one hot water cycle.
[0046] The fluorine circuit cycle process is as follows:
[0047] Compressor 601 compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous state, which is then sent to heat exchanger 604. In heat exchanger 604, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with the low-temperature return water, transferring heat to the return water and cooling itself to condense into a liquid state, which then flows into storage tank 603. The liquid refrigerant flows out of storage tank 603, and after being throttled and depressurized by a throttling valve, it becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid and enters finned evaporator 5. In finned evaporator 5, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat from the surrounding environment, evaporates into a gaseous state, and enters gas-liquid separator 602. Gas-liquid separator 602 separates the liquid from the gaseous refrigerant, allowing only the gaseous refrigerant to enter compressor 601, completing the refrigerant cycle and continuously providing heat for hot water heating.
[0048] Finally, although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A cavitational heating device comprising a high temperature water tank (3), characterized in that: The high-temperature water outlet pipe (301) of the high-temperature water tank (3) is connected to the main pipeline (304), and the main pipeline (304) is connected to one or more branch pipelines. Each branch pipeline is equipped with a first water pump (8). The outlet of the branch pipelines is connected to the main pipeline (305). The main pipeline (305) is connected to one or more heating branch pipelines (403), and the heating branch pipelines (403) are equipped with cavitation generators (7).
2. A cavitational heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavitation generator (7) includes a cavitation shell (702), with annular plates (708) sealed and fixedly connected to both ends of the cavitation shell (702). A third through hole is provided on the annular plate (708). A baffle (705) is provided inside the cavitation shell (702). A plurality of second through holes (707) for water flow are provided on the baffle (705). A cavitation pipe (703) is fixedly connected between the baffle (705) and the annular plate (708) at the water inlet end of the cavitation shell (702). A first through hole (704) is provided on the cavitation pipe (703). A cavitation outlet pipe (706) is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle (705) away from the cavitation pipe (703). The outer wall of the cavitation outlet pipe (706) is fixedly connected to the corresponding annular plate (708).
3. A cavitational heating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: A cavitation inlet pipe (701) is sealed and fixedly connected to the ring plate (708) at the water inlet end of the cavitation shell (702). The diameters of the cavitation inlet pipe (701) and the cavitation outlet pipe (706) are larger than the diameter of the cavitation pipe (703), and the diameter of the first through hole (704) is larger than the diameter of the second through hole (707).
4. A cavitational heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a frame (1), on which a low-temperature water tank (2) is fixedly connected. A high-temperature water tank (3) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the low-temperature water tank (2). A connecting pipe (202) is connected between the high-temperature water tank (3) and the low-temperature water tank (2). A valve is provided on the connecting pipe (202). The low-temperature water tank (2) is connected to the water inlet of the fluorine heat exchange component (6) through the second water pump (9) and the first pipeline (204). The water outlet of the fluorine heat exchange component (6) is connected to the high-temperature water tank (3) through the high-temperature water inlet pipe (302).
5. The cavitation heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fluorine circuit heat exchange assembly (6) includes a heat exchanger (604), a compressor (601), a gas-liquid separator (602), a liquid storage tank (603), and a finned evaporator (5). The fluorine circuit outlet of the heat exchanger (604) is connected to the air inlet of the liquid storage tank (603). The air outlet of the liquid storage tank (603) is connected to the finned evaporator (5) through a throttle valve. The finned evaporator (5) is connected to the gas-liquid separator (602). The gas-liquid separator (602) is connected to the air inlet of the compressor (601). The air outlet of the compressor (601) is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchanger (604).
6. A cavitational heating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: A support frame (101) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). The heat exchanger (604), compressor (601), gas-liquid separator (602) and liquid storage tank (603) are respectively fixedly installed on the support frame (101). The upper part of the support frame (101) is provided with a fixing plate (102) fixedly connected to the frame (1). The finned evaporator (5) is fixedly installed on the fixing plate (102).
7. A cavitational heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The low-temperature water tank (2) is connected to a low-temperature water outlet pipe (203), which is connected to a connecting pipe (202). A water supply pipe (12) is connected to the low-temperature water outlet pipe (203), and a water supply valve is provided on the water supply pipe (12).
8. A cavitational heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A backup pipeline is connected to the first pipeline (204), and a control valve (11) and a backup water pump (10) are provided on the backup pipeline.