Battery cell thermal runaway test device
By setting up acoustic fingerprint acquisition and pressure detection components in the battery cell thermal runaway test device, the status of the battery cell explosion-proof valve can be monitored in real time, solving the problem of insufficient data support in the existing technology and realizing more accurate early warning and diagnosis of battery cell thermal runaway.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NINGBO FUJIA IND
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing battery cell thermal runaway testing devices only monitor temperature and fail to effectively monitor the status of the cell's explosion-proof valve, resulting in the inability to provide comprehensive data support and affecting the prevention of thermal runaway in battery systems.
In the battery cell thermal runaway testing device, an acoustic fingerprint acquisition component is set up to collect the acoustic fingerprint information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve. Combined with a video monitoring component and a pressure detection component, the status of the battery cell explosion-proof valve and the internal pressure changes are monitored in real time.
By collecting acoustic signature information and pressure changes from the cell explosion-proof valve, more comprehensive data support is provided, improving the battery system's ability to warn and diagnose cell thermal runaway.
Smart Images
Figure CN224456981U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage battery technology, specifically to a cell thermal runaway testing device. Background Technology
[0002] In the development of energy storage battery technology, in addition to improving the performance of energy storage batteries, safety issues cannot be ignored. When one or more cells experience thermal runaway, they enter an uncontrolled and violent chemical reaction state, releasing a large amount of heat energy, accompanied by the violent emission of toxic gases and a combustion process; therefore, it is necessary to fully understand the thermal runaway process of cells through testing in order to prevent such incidents from happening in the first place.
[0003] Chinese invention patent CN115792659B discloses a battery cell thermal runaway testing device. It includes a housing, with the battery cell fixed inside by a clamping mechanism. The battery cell is equipped with a cell explosion-proof valve and a temperature sensor. The housing also contains a heating device for heating the battery cell. The device heats the battery cell, and the temperature sensor monitors its temperature. As the temperature rises, the rate of chemical reactions inside the battery cell accelerates, leading to heat accumulation. Once the temperature reaches a critical value, the temperature rise becomes uncontrollable, triggering thermal runaway. Upon thermal runaway, the cell explosion-proof valve ruptures, expelling the contents of the battery cell and releasing internal pressure. The collected temperature data provides support for handling abnormalities in the battery cell, thus facilitating the diagnosis and early warning of thermal runaway.
[0004] However, existing cell thermal runaway testing devices still have the following technical problems: they generally only monitor the temperature during the cell thermal runaway process, but rarely monitor other states; during the thermal runaway process, the heat generated by the violent internal chemical reaction cannot be effectively dissipated, and the internal pressure will gradually increase, leading to the explosion of the cell's anti-explosion valve; and existing technologies do not monitor information related to the cell's anti-explosion valve, thus failing to provide more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of cell thermal runaway, which is not conducive to the prevention of cell thermal runaway in subsequent battery system design. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a battery cell thermal runaway testing device that can collect acoustic fingerprint information of battery cell explosion-proof valve, thereby providing more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of battery cell thermal runaway.
[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: a battery cell thermal runaway testing device, including a housing and a clamping assembly for clamping the battery cell disposed in the housing, wherein the battery cell is provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve, and a heating assembly is also provided in the housing for heating the battery cell to cause thermal runaway; the housing is also provided with an acoustic fingerprint acquisition assembly for acquiring acoustic fingerprint information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve.
[0007] The working principle of this novel battery cell thermal runaway testing device is as follows:
[0008] The battery cell is heated by a heating component, and the acoustic signature information of the cell's explosion-proof valve is collected by an acoustic signature acquisition component. As the temperature rises, the chemical reaction rate inside the battery cell accelerates, heat accumulates, and the accumulated heat causes the internal pressure of the battery cell to gradually increase. Once the temperature reaches a certain critical value, a violent chemical reaction occurs inside the battery cell, causing an uncontrollable temperature rise, followed by thermal runaway, and the cell's explosion-proof valve bursts. The acoustic signature acquisition component can collect the acoustic signature changes of the cell's explosion-proof valve in real time throughout the entire battery cell thermal runaway test process, thereby effectively preventing battery cell thermal runaway in subsequent battery system design.
[0009] With the above structure, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0010] This utility model's battery cell thermal runaway testing device monitors the acoustic signature information of the battery cell's explosion-proof valve by setting up an acoustic signature acquisition component. The collected acoustic signature change information of the battery cell's explosion-proof valve can provide more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of battery cell thermal runaway, which is beneficial for the prevention of battery cell thermal runaway in subsequent battery system design. Since the acoustic signature acquisition component not only converts sound signals into electrical signals, but also uses computers for feature extraction and deep learning, the acoustic signature acquisition component can identify subtle differences between similar sounds. That is, the acoustic signature information has uniqueness and stability, which is more conducive to obtaining accurate diagnostic results and better early warning effect.
[0011] Preferably, the enclosure is also equipped with sound-absorbing cotton. This feature isolates external sound interference, thereby ensuring that the acoustic signature acquisition component can accurately and reliably acquire the acoustic signature information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve.
[0012] Preferably, the enclosure is also equipped with a video monitoring component. This component can acquire real-time images and sounds from inside the enclosure, allowing for a more intuitive and clear observation of the situation inside. Furthermore, it can be compared with voiceprint information collected by the voiceprint acquisition component, leading to more accurate diagnostic results and better early warning capabilities.
[0013] Preferably, the enclosure is also equipped with an explosion-proof valve. This feature allows the gas emitted during thermal runaway of the battery cell to be promptly discharged from the enclosure, balancing the air pressure inside and outside the enclosure and preventing excessive air pressure inside the enclosure from causing danger. The combination of the enclosure explosion-proof valve and the battery cell explosion-proof valve makes the testing process safer.
[0014] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate spaced apart vertically. A pressure detection assembly is provided between the first clamping plate and the battery cell, and a pressure plate is provided between the pressure detection assembly and the battery cell. The battery cell is clamped between the pressure plate and the second clamping plate. By adding a pressure detection assembly between the battery cell and the first clamping plate, the pressure changes inside the battery cell can be monitored. Furthermore, the pressure plate and the second clamping plate are used to simulate the state of the battery cell being squeezed during actual use, making the pressure information detected by the pressure detection assembly more accurate. The collected pressure change information inside the battery cell provides more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of battery cell thermal runaway, which is more conducive to the prevention of battery cell thermal runaway in subsequent battery system design.
[0015] Preferably, the heating assembly includes a mica heating plate, which is provided between the pressure plate and the battery cell, and also between the second clamping plate and the battery cell. The mica heating plate has high heating efficiency and good safety performance; with mica heating plates provided on both sides of the battery cell, heating is faster and more uniform.
[0016] Preferably, a first temperature detection component is provided between the pressure plate and the mica heating plate, and a second temperature detection component is provided between the second clamping plate and the mica heating plate. This arrangement indirectly obtains the temperature of the battery cell by monitoring the temperature of the mica heating plate, and simultaneously obtaining the temperatures of both mica heating plates makes the monitoring results more accurate; the collected battery cell temperature information further provides more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of battery cell thermal runaway.
[0017] Preferably, a third temperature detection component is also provided on the outer side of the battery cell, away from the pressure plate and the second clamping plate. This configuration directly monitors the temperature of the battery cell, thereby obtaining more accurate temperature data in conjunction with the first and second temperature detection components. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell thermal runaway testing device of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure behind the hidden door of the battery cell thermal runaway testing device of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the clamping component and the battery cell of this utility model;
[0021] In the diagram: 1-Box body, 2-Clamping assembly, 3-Explosion-proof valve for battery cell, 4-Acoustic fingerprint acquisition assembly, 5-Sound-absorbing cotton, 6-Video monitoring assembly, 7-Explosion-proof valve for box body, 8-First clamping plate, 9-Second clamping plate, 10-Pressure detection assembly, 11-Pressure plate, 12-Battery cell, 13-Column pressure sensor, 14-Connecting hole, 15-Screw, 16-Nut, 17-Mica heating plate, 18-First temperature detection assembly, 19-Second temperature detection assembly, 20-Third temperature detection assembly, 21-Box door, 22-First bracket, 23-Second bracket. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example
[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a battery cell thermal runaway testing device includes a housing 1 and a clamping assembly 2 disposed inside the housing 1 for clamping a battery cell 12. The battery cell 12 is provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve 3. The housing 1 is also provided with a heating assembly for heating the battery cell 12 to cause it to thermal runaway. The housing 1 is also provided with an acoustic fingerprint acquisition assembly 4 for acquiring acoustic fingerprint information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3. In this embodiment, the acoustic fingerprint acquisition assembly 4 can adopt existing technology.
[0024] In this embodiment, the battery cell thermal runaway testing device monitors the acoustic fingerprint information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3 by setting up an acoustic fingerprint acquisition component 4. The collected acoustic fingerprint change information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3 can provide more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of thermal runaway of battery cell 12, which is beneficial for the prevention of thermal runaway of battery cell 12 in subsequent battery system design. Since the acoustic fingerprint acquisition component 4 not only converts sound signals into electrical signals, but also uses computers for feature extraction and deep learning, the acoustic fingerprint acquisition component 4 can identify the subtle differences between similar sounds. That is, the acoustic fingerprint information has uniqueness and stability, which is more conducive to obtaining accurate diagnostic results and better early warning effect.
[0025] The enclosure 1 is also equipped with sound-absorbing cotton 5. This feature can isolate external sound interference, thereby ensuring that the voiceprint acquisition component 4 can accurately and reliably acquire the voiceprint information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3.
[0026] The enclosure 1 is also equipped with a video monitoring component 6. The video monitoring component 6 can acquire real-time images and sounds inside the enclosure 1, which not only allows for a more intuitive and clear observation of the situation inside the enclosure 1, but also allows for comparison with the voiceprint information collected by the voiceprint acquisition component 4, thereby facilitating the acquisition of more accurate diagnostic results and improving the early warning effect.
[0027] The enclosure 1 is also equipped with an explosion-proof valve 7. This device can promptly discharge the gas emitted by the battery cell 12 in the event of thermal runaway from the enclosure 1, balance the air pressure inside and outside the enclosure 1, and prevent the danger caused by excessive air pressure inside the enclosure 1; the combination of the enclosure explosion-proof valve 7 and the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3 makes the testing process safer.
[0028] The clamping assembly 2 includes a first clamping plate 8 and a second clamping plate 9 spaced apart vertically. A pressure detection assembly 10 is provided between the first clamping plate 8 and the battery cell 12, and a pressure plate 11 is provided between the pressure detection assembly 10 and the battery cell 12. The battery cell 12 is clamped between the pressure plate 11 and the second clamping plate 9. By adding the pressure detection assembly 10 between the battery cell 12 and the first clamping plate 8, the pressure changes inside the battery cell 12 are monitored. Furthermore, the pressure plate 11 and the second clamping plate 9 are used to simulate the state of the battery cell 12 being squeezed during actual use, making the pressure information detected by the pressure detection assembly 10 more accurate. The collected pressure change information inside the battery cell 12 provides more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of thermal runaway of the battery cell 12, which is more conducive to the prevention of thermal runaway of the battery cell 12 in subsequent battery system design.
[0029] The pressure detection assembly 10 includes a column-type pressure sensor 13, with connection holes 14 at both ends. The first clamping plate 8 and the pressure plate 11 are fixedly connected to the connection holes 14 at both ends of the column-type pressure sensor 13 by fasteners. In this embodiment, the column-type pressure sensor 13 can be made using existing technology, and the fasteners can be screws (not shown in the figure). This arrangement ensures that the pressure detection assembly 10 is fixed between the first clamping plate 8 and the pressure plate 11 without displacement. Moreover, since the first clamping plate 8 and the pressure plate 11 are fixed together by the pressure sensor, the clamping force of the first clamping plate 8 can be reliably transmitted to the pressure plate 11, thereby clamping the battery cell 12.
[0030] The two sides of the first clamping plate 8 and the two sides of the second clamping plate 9 are fixed together by screws 15 and nuts 16. In this embodiment, the two sides of the first clamping plate 8 are fixed together with the two sides of the second clamping plate 9 by three sets of screws 15 and nuts 16 respectively. This setting allows the clamping force between the first clamping plate 8 and the second clamping plate 9 to be adjusted by adjusting the nuts 16, thereby better simulating the compressive force experienced by the battery cell 12 during actual use.
[0031] The heating assembly includes a mica heating plate 17, which is provided between the pressure plate 11 and the battery cell 12, and between the second clamping plate 9 and the battery cell 12. In this embodiment, the mica heating plate 17 can be made using existing technology. The mica heating plate 17 has high heating efficiency and good safety performance; with mica heating plates 17 provided on both sides of the battery cell 12, the heating is faster and more uniform.
[0032] A first temperature detection component 18 is provided between the pressure plate 11 and the mica heating plate 17, and a second temperature detection component 19 is provided between the second clamping plate 9 and the mica heating plate 17. This setup indirectly obtains the temperature of the battery cell 12 by monitoring the temperature of the mica heating plate 17, and simultaneously obtaining the temperatures of both mica heating plates 17 makes the monitoring results more accurate; the collected temperature information of the battery cell 12 further provides more comprehensive data support for the diagnosis of thermal runaway of the battery cell 12.
[0033] A third temperature detection component 20 is also provided on the outer side of the battery cell 12, away from the pressure plate 11 and the second clamping plate 9; the first temperature detection component 18, the second temperature detection component 19, and the third temperature detection component 20 can all adopt existing technologies, such as thermocouples. This setting directly monitors the temperature of the battery cell 12, thereby combining with the first temperature detection component 18 and the second temperature detection component 19 to obtain more accurate temperature data.
[0034] In this embodiment, an openable door 21 is provided on the front side of the housing 1, and the bottom of the clamping assembly 2 is fixed to the rear side of the housing 1 by the first bracket 22; the cell explosion-proof valve 3 is provided on the front side of the cell 12, and the housing explosion-proof valve 7 is provided on the left side of the housing 1; the voiceprint acquisition assembly 4 and the video monitoring assembly 6 are fixed together on the rear side of the housing 1 by the second bracket 23 and are located directly above the clamping assembly 2.
[0035] The working principle of the cell thermal runaway testing device in this embodiment is as follows:
[0036] The mica heating plate 17 heats the battery cell 12. The first temperature detection component 18, the second temperature detection component 19, and the third temperature detection component 20 simultaneously monitor the temperature of the battery cell 12. The acoustic signature acquisition component 4 collects the acoustic signature information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3 in real time. The video monitoring component 6 monitors real-time images and sounds within the enclosure 1. As the temperature rises, the chemical reaction rate inside the battery cell 12 accelerates, and heat accumulates. The accumulated heat causes the pressure inside the battery cell 12 to gradually increase. This pressure is transmitted to the pressure detection component 10 via the pressure plate 11, which monitors the pressure changes inside the battery cell 12 in real time. Once the temperature reaches a certain critical value, a violent chemical reaction occurs inside the battery cell 12, triggering… An uncontrollable temperature rise leads to thermal runaway in cell 12, causing the cell explosion-proof valve 3 to rupture. After the explosion, gas accumulates inside the housing 1, gradually increasing the internal pressure. The housing explosion-proof valve 7 promptly releases the gas generated inside the housing 1, balancing the pressure inside and outside the housing 1 and preventing excessive pressure from causing danger. Throughout the cell 12 thermal runaway test, real-time information such as the acoustic signature of the cell explosion-proof valve 3, the temperature of cell 12, the internal pressure of cell 12, and images and sounds inside the housing 1 can be collected. This comprehensive information provides more complete data support for the diagnosis of cell 12 thermal runaway and is more conducive to preventing thermal runaway in subsequent battery system designs.
Claims
1. A battery cell thermal runaway testing device, comprising a housing (1) and a clamping assembly (2) disposed within the housing (1) for clamping a battery cell (12), wherein the battery cell (12) is provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve (3), and the housing (1) is further provided with a heating assembly for heating the battery cell (12) to cause it to thermal runaway; characterized in that: The housing (1) is also equipped with a voiceprint acquisition component (4) for acquiring voiceprint information of the battery cell explosion-proof valve (3).
2. The device of claim 1, wherein: The box (1) is also equipped with sound-absorbing cotton (5).
3. The device of claim 1, wherein: The enclosure (1) is also equipped with a video monitoring component (6).
4. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 1, wherein: The enclosure (1) is also equipped with an explosion-proof valve (7).
5. The cell thermal runaway testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (2) includes a first clamping plate (8) and a second clamping plate (9) arranged at an upper and lower interval. A pressure detection assembly (10) is provided between the first clamping plate (8) and the battery cell (12). A pressure plate (11) is provided between the pressure detection assembly (10) and the battery cell (12). The battery cell (12) is clamped between the pressure plate (11) and the second clamping plate (9).
6. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 5, wherein: The heating assembly includes a mica heating plate (17), and the mica heating plate (17) is provided between the pressure plate (11) and the battery cell (12) and between the second clamping plate (9) and the battery cell (12).
7. The device of claim 6, wherein: A first temperature detection component (18) is provided between the pressure plate (11) and the mica heating plate (17), and a second temperature detection component (19) is provided between the second clamping plate (9) and the mica heating plate (17).
8. The cell thermal runaway testing device of claim 5, wherein: A third temperature detection component (20) is provided on the outside of the cell (12) and at a position away from the pressure plate (11) and the second clamping plate (9).