A material tensile strength testing machine
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHAOYANG LIBAO HEAVY IND GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
Smart Images
Figure CN224471431U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing equipment, specifically a material tensile strength testing machine. Background Technology
[0002] The tensile strength testing machine is an important piece of equipment used to determine the mechanical properties of metallic and non-metallic materials and their components under tensile and compressive loads. It is widely used in quality inspection, scientific research, and manufacturing. For test parts with specific structures consisting of end fixing rings and intermediate elastic elements (such as spring dampers and elastic connectors), their mechanical property testing usually needs to cover multiple items, including tensile strength, compressive strength, and creep or stress relaxation performance under continuous compression conditions.
[0003] Currently, existing material testing machines have the following shortcomings in practical applications: First, their functions are relatively limited. Most machines can only independently complete one test of tension or compression. When multiple mechanical property tests are required on the same specification of test piece, it is necessary to transfer between different machines or frequently change fixtures, which is cumbersome and inefficient. Second, existing multi-functional testing machines often use the same loading station to achieve different testing modes by changing accessories. The various test items cannot be carried out in parallel, affecting the overall testing efficiency. Third, some manual loading devices are difficult to maintain a constant load stably in test scenarios that require long-term pressure holding. Load decay is easily caused by operator fatigue or loosening of the mechanism, affecting the accuracy of test results. Fourth, existing equipment generally lacks image recording function for the testing process. It is difficult for operators to observe and record the deformation, crack propagation, and fracture morphology of the test piece during loading in real time, which is not conducive to subsequent analysis and quality traceability. Fifth, the degree of automation is low. The loading, unloading, and data acquisition of each station lack centralized control, making it difficult to achieve synchronous or time-sharing collaborative operation of multiple stations.
[0004] Therefore, designing a material testing machine that can simultaneously perform multi-mode mechanical property tests such as tensile, compression, and continuous pressure holding on multiple test pieces with the same structure, is easy to operate, highly versatile, and has process image recording capabilities has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a material tensile strength testing machine, which has the advantages of independent multi-station settings, simultaneous or time-sharing tensile and compressive performance testing, diverse testing modes, and convenient operation, thus solving the problems in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A material tensile strength testing machine includes a support platform, a support mechanism disposed on one side of the support platform, a first support block disposed on the other side of the support platform, a compression testing mechanism disposed on the upper end of the first support block, columns fixed to the four corner edges of the upper end of the support platform, a support block jointly fixed to the upper end of the four columns, a first pressure mechanism disposed on the support block, a second pressure mechanism disposed on one side of the support block, and a control box fixed to the other side of the support block.
[0008] The load-bearing mechanism, compression test mechanism and first pressure mechanism are set up independently and are used to perform mechanical property tests on test pieces with the same structure in different modes.
[0009] The test piece consists of a second fixing ring, a spring fixed to the upper end of the second fixing ring, and a third fixing ring fixed to the upper end of the spring;
[0010] The support platform is equipped with a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes a first fixed block fixed to the inner wall of the support platform, a first hydraulic cylinder fixed to the first fixed block, and an internal threaded cylinder fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder. The lower outer peripheral wall of the second fixed ring can be threaded onto the inner wall of the internal threaded cylinder.
[0011] The first pressure mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder fixed to the upper end of the bearing block and a second pressure block fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder. The lower end of the second pressure block is provided with a locking assembly for detachably fixing a third fixing ring, so that when the second hydraulic cylinder drives the second pressure block to move downward, a compressive strength test is performed, or when the second pressure block is driven to move upward, a tensile strength test is performed.
[0012] Preferably, the bearing mechanism and the second pressure mechanism cooperate to form the first test station; the bearing mechanism includes a second support block fixed to one side of the bearing platform, a second groove is opened at the upper end of the second support block, a fixed plate is placed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second groove, and a fixed cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the fixed plate; the second pressure mechanism is located directly above the bearing mechanism, and includes a third hydraulic cylinder fixed to one side of the bearing block, and a third pressure block is fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the third hydraulic cylinder;
[0013] When the test piece is placed at the first test station, the lower end face of the second fixing ring is in contact with the upper end face of the fixing plate, and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the fixing cylinder; the third pressure block is used to press down the third fixing ring and keep it stationary in order to test the compressive strength of the third fixing ring itself.
[0014] The first testing station is dedicated to performing static pressure compressive strength testing on the third fixed ring of the test piece. The stable positioning of the test piece is achieved through the cooperation of the fixed plate and the fixed cylinder. The third hydraulic cylinder drives the third pressure block to press down and remain stationary. This allows for accurate evaluation of the load-bearing capacity of the third fixed ring under continuous load. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient.
[0015] Preferably, the lifting mechanism and the first pressure mechanism cooperate to form a second testing station; the locking assembly includes: a first groove is opened through one side of the second pressure block, and a second groove is opened at the lower end of the second pressure block, the first groove and the second groove are interconnected and form an inverted T-shaped groove; multiple screw holes are opened through both sides of the second pressure block, and a first threaded post is threaded on the inner wall of two corresponding screw holes on different sides, and a first nut is threaded on the outer wall at both ends of the first threaded post; a fixed post is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the first groove, and an installation post is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed post. The installation post is slidably arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the second groove, and the multiple first threaded posts are used to limit the fixed post inside the first groove;
[0016] A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting column, a limit ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure plate, a second threaded column is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the pressure plate, and a second nut is installed on the threaded outer peripheral wall of the second threaded column.
[0017] When the test piece is installed at the second test station, the lower end face of the pressure plate is in contact with the upper end face of the third fixed ring, the outer peripheral wall of the second threaded post is in contact with the inner wall of the third fixed ring, the second nut is installed on the second threaded post and its upper end face is in contact with the lower end face of the third fixed ring to fix the third fixed ring on the pressure plate; the second hydraulic cylinder drives the second pressure block to move upward to perform a tensile strength test on the spring.
[0018] The second testing station reliably fixes the third fixing ring of the test piece to the pressure plate using a locking assembly. It can be used to perform tensile strength testing of the spring by pulling it upward with the second hydraulic cylinder, or to perform compressive strength testing by moving it downward with the lifting mechanism, achieving dual-purpose functionality and significantly improving the utilization rate of the equipment. The locking assembly adopts a matching structure of an inverted T-shaped groove and a first threaded post, ensuring the stable positioning of the fixing post and the mounting post, and avoiding loosening or displacement during the testing process.
[0019] Preferably, the compression test mechanism and the first support block cooperate to form a third test station; the compression test mechanism includes a second fixed block fixed to the upper end of the first support block, a sliding groove is opened through the upper end of the second fixed block, a rack is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove, a gear is rotatably installed inside the second fixed block, the gear meshes with the rack, and a first pressure block is fixed to the lower end of the rack.
[0020] A rotating disk is rotatably mounted on the second fixed block. Multiple first grooves are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating disk. A limit post is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support block. A rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the second fixed block. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the gear. Two hand handles are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the rotating rod. An insertion hole is formed through the side wall of the second fixed block. An insertion rod is inserted into the inner wall of the insertion hole. A first fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the insertion rod.
[0021] When the test piece is placed in the third test station, the inner wall of the second fixing ring is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the limiting post, and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring is located inside one of the first grooves and is in contact with the inner wall of the first groove. By manually rotating the rotating rod, the gear drives the rack to descend, thereby driving the first pressure block to press down the third fixing ring. Insert the insertion rod into the insertion hole and make it press against the hand handle to lock the position of the rack and achieve continuous compression of the spring.
[0022] The third testing station is operated manually. The first pressure block is pressed down smoothly through gear and rack transmission. The cooperation between the insertion rod and the hand lever can lock the compressed state for a long time, which is suitable for creep or stress relaxation test scenarios that require continuous pressure maintenance. Multiple first grooves are opened on the rotating disk to accommodate the outer diameter of the second fixing ring of different specifications of test pieces, which enhances the versatility of the equipment.
[0023] Preferably, a camera mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first support block. The camera mechanism includes a vertical block fixedly connected to the side wall of the first support block, an electric cylinder fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical block, a lifting block fixedly connected to the upper end of the output shaft of the electric cylinder, a limit groove opened at the upper end of the vertical block, and the lifting block slidably disposed in the limit groove; a first camera is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting block, and the camera end of the first camera is arranged in a horizontal direction; a horizontal block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical block, and a second camera is fixedly connected to the lower end of the horizontal block, and the camera end of the second camera is arranged downward.
[0024] The camera mechanism synchronously acquires image data during the test from the horizontal and top-down directions using the first and second cameras, respectively, which facilitates real-time observation of changes in the state of the test piece, such as deformation and fracture. The electric cylinder drives the lifting block to move up and down along the limiting groove, which can flexibly adjust the camera height according to the size of the test piece and the test requirements to ensure the best field of view for image acquisition.
[0025] Preferably, the first groove is located above the second groove, the width of the mounting post is greater than the width of the fixing post, and the lower end face of the mounting post slides against the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second groove; the inner diameter of the limiting ring is greater than the outer diameter of the second threaded post, and when the pressure plate is in contact with the third fixing ring, there is an annular gap between the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring and the outer peripheral wall of the third fixing ring.
[0026] The width of the mounting post is greater than the width of the fixing post, allowing it to slide stably within the transverse groove of the inverted T-shaped groove without coming off. An annular gap is reserved between the limiting ring and the third fixing ring, which not only ensures the smooth installation of the third fixing ring, but also effectively limits the radial deformation of the third fixing ring during the test.
[0027] Preferably, the outer peripheral wall of the fixed plate is clearance-fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the second groove, and the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder is adapted to the outer diameter of the second fixed ring; the lower end face of the third pressure block is a plane, and its projected area is larger than the projected area of the third fixed ring.
[0028] The fixed plate and the second groove are fitted with a clearance to facilitate the removal and replacement of the fixed plate; the projected area of the third pressure block is larger than that of the third fixed ring, ensuring that the pressure is applied evenly to the entire upper surface of the third fixed ring, avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to deviations in test results.
[0029] Preferably, multiple first grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating disk, and the size of each first groove corresponds to the outer diameter of the second fixing ring of the test piece of different specifications; the limiting post is coaxially arranged with the first pressure block.
[0030] Multiple first grooves of different sizes are opened on the rotating disk. By rotating the rotating disk, the groove specifications that cooperate with the limiting post can be switched to achieve the adaptation and limiting of second fixing rings with different outer diameters. The operation is simple and quick. The limiting post and the first pressure block are set coaxially to ensure that the compression force is applied along the axis of the test piece, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test results.
[0031] Preferably, the electric cylinder is electrically connected to the control box, which is used to control the electric cylinder to drive the lifting block to move up and down along the limit groove, so as to adjust the height position of the first camera and the second camera; the first camera is used to acquire horizontal images of the test piece during the test, and the second camera is used to acquire top-view images of the test piece during the test.
[0032] Preferably, the control box is electrically connected to the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder, and the third hydraulic cylinder respectively, and is used to control the start and stop, movement direction and movement speed of each hydraulic cylinder.
[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0034] 1. This utility model solves the problem that existing testing machines have a single function and cannot meet the needs of multiple mechanical performance tests at the same time by setting up three independent testing stations: a bearing mechanism, a compression test mechanism and a first pressure mechanism. It can perform static pressure compressive strength, tensile strength and manual continuous compression performance tests on test pieces with the same structure, realize multi-purpose use of one machine, and significantly improve the utilization rate and testing efficiency of the equipment.
[0035] 2. This utility model achieves quick and detachable fixing of the test piece by setting a locking component on the first pressure mechanism and cooperating with the internal threaded cylinder of the lifting mechanism. When the second hydraulic cylinder drives the second pressure block to move upward, tensile strength testing can be performed, and when it moves downward, compressive strength testing can be performed. This solves the problem that existing equipment needs to change the fixture or re-clamp when switching between tensile and compression testing. It is convenient to operate and improves testing efficiency.
[0036] 3. This utility model sets up a compression test mechanism, uses manual rotation of the rotating rod to drive the gear and rack transmission to press down the first pressure block, and achieves long-term locking of the compressed state through the cooperation of the insertion rod and the hand rod. It is suitable for test scenarios that require continuous pressure holding and solves the problems of high energy consumption and poor stability of existing electric loading equipment when holding pressure for a long time.
[0037] 4. This utility model can adapt to the outer diameter of the second fixing ring of different specifications of test pieces by opening multiple first grooves of different sizes on the rotating disk. The rotation of the rotating disk can quickly switch the grooves. With the help of the limiting post, the test piece can be accurately radially limited, which enhances the versatility and applicability of the equipment.
[0038] 5. This utility model, by setting up a camera mechanism composed of a first camera and a second camera, can simultaneously collect image data of the testing process from the horizontal and downward directions. The electric cylinder drives the lifting block to adjust the camera height, which solves the problem that existing testing machines lack process image recording function, making it convenient for operators to observe in real time and analyze the deformation and fracture state of the test piece afterward.
[0039] 6. This utility model centrally controls each hydraulic cylinder and electric cylinder through a control box, enabling synchronous or time-sharing independent operation of the first, second, and third test stations. This solves the problems of low automation and cumbersome operation of existing equipment, and significantly improves the automation level and work efficiency of the testing process. Attached Figure Description
[0040] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model;
[0041] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the test piece of this utility model.
[0042] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the first testing station of this utility model.
[0043] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the lifting mechanism and the first pressure mechanism of this utility model.
[0044] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the compression testing mechanism of this utility model.
[0045] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the insertion rod of this utility model;
[0046] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the second pressing block of this utility model;
[0047] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional disassembled structural diagram of the second threaded post and the second nut of this utility model;
[0048] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the camera mechanism of this utility model.
[0049] Reference numerals: 1. Support platform; 101. First fixing block; 102. First hydraulic cylinder; 103. Internal threaded cylinder; 2. First support block; 3. Compression test mechanism; 301. Second fixing block; 302. Slide groove; 303. Rack; 304. Gear; 305. First pressure block; 306. Rotating disk; 307. First groove; 308. Limiting post; 309. Rotating rod; 310. Hand handle; 311. Insertion hole; 312. Insertion rod; 313. First fixing ring; 4. Column; 5. Support block; 6. First pressure mechanism; 601. Second hydraulic cylinder; 602. Second pressure block; 7. Control box; 8. Second pressure mechanism; 80 1. Third hydraulic cylinder; 802. Third pressure block; 9. Bearing mechanism; 901. Second support block; 902. Second groove; 903. Fixed plate; 904. Fixed cylinder; 10. Second fixed ring; 11. Spring; 12. Third fixed ring; 13. First groove; 14. Second groove; 15. Screw hole; 16. First threaded post; 17. First nut; 18. Mounting post; 19. Fixed post; 20. Pressure plate; 21. Limiting ring; 22. Second threaded post; 23. Second nut; 24. Vertical block; 25. Electric cylinder; 26. Lifting block; 27. Limiting groove; 28. First camera; 29. Horizontal block; 30. Second camera. Detailed Implementation
[0050] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0051] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as limited functionality, frequent tooling changes required for multi-item testing, poor stability during long-term pressure holding, lack of process image recording, and low automation, the following technical solution is proposed. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-9 ;
[0052] A material tensile strength testing machine includes a support platform 1, a support mechanism 9 disposed on one side of the support platform 1, a first support block 2 disposed on the other side of the support platform 1, a compression testing mechanism 3 disposed on the upper end of the first support block 2, columns 4 fixed to the four corner edges of the upper end of the support platform 1, support blocks 5 jointly fixed to the upper ends of the four columns 4, a first pressure mechanism 6 disposed on the support block 5, a second pressure mechanism 8 disposed on one side of the support block 5, and a control box 7 fixed to the other side of the support block 5.
[0053] In this embodiment, specifically, the bearing mechanism 9, the compression test mechanism 3, and the first pressure mechanism 6 are set up independently and are used to perform mechanical property tests on test pieces with the same structure in different modes.
[0054] In this embodiment, the test piece specifically comprises a second fixing ring 10, a spring 11 fixed to the upper end of the second fixing ring 10, and a third fixing ring 12 fixed to the upper end of the spring 11. Both the second fixing ring 10 and the third fixing ring 12 are made of metal and have a through hole in the center. The two ends of the spring 11 are welded or fixed to the end faces of the two fixing rings by fasteners.
[0055] In this embodiment, specifically, a lifting mechanism is provided inside the support platform 1. The lifting mechanism includes a first fixing block 101 fixed to the inner wall of the support platform 1, a first hydraulic cylinder 102 fixed to the first fixing block 101, and an internally threaded cylinder 103 fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 102. The output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 102 passes upward through the upper end face of the support platform 1, and the internally threaded cylinder 103 is located above the support platform 1. The lower outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring 10 is provided with an external thread, which can be threaded onto the inner wall of the internally threaded cylinder 103 to achieve detachable fixing of the test piece and the lifting mechanism. The internal thread direction of the internally threaded cylinder 103 is set to a direction with a self-locking tendency when subjected to an upward tensile load to prevent the second fixing ring 10 from accidentally loosening during the tensile test. When the first hydraulic cylinder 102 extends or retracts, it can drive the internally threaded cylinder 103 and the test piece mounted on it to rise or fall as a whole.
[0056] In this embodiment, specifically, the first pressure mechanism 6 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 601 fixed to the upper end of the support block 5 and a second pressure block 602 fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 601. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 601 passes downward through the support block 5, and the second pressure block 602 is located directly above the lifting mechanism; the two are arranged vertically in correspondence. The lower end of the second pressure block 602 is provided with a locking assembly for detachably fixing the third fixing ring 12.
[0057] In this embodiment, specifically, the bearing mechanism 9 includes a second support block 901 fixedly connected to one side of the bearing platform 1. A second groove 902 is formed at the upper end of the second support block 901. A fixing disk 903 is placed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second groove 902, and a fixing cylinder 904 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing disk 903. The outer peripheral wall of the fixing disk 903 and the inner peripheral wall of the second groove 902 are fitted with a clearance fit for easy placement and removal. The inner diameter of the fixing cylinder 904 is adapted to the outer diameter of the second fixing ring 10. When the workpiece to be tested is placed, the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring 10 fits against the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 904, achieving radial limiting.
[0058] In this embodiment, specifically, the second pressure mechanism 8 is located directly above the bearing mechanism 9, and includes a third hydraulic cylinder 801 fixed to the side of the bearing block 5 near the second support block 901. A third pressure block 802 is fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the third hydraulic cylinder 801. The lower end surface of the third pressure block 802 is a plane, and its projected area is larger than the projected area of the third fixing ring 12, ensuring that the pressure is applied evenly.
[0059] In this embodiment, specifically, the locking assembly includes: a first groove 13 extending through one side of the second pressure block 602, and a second groove 14 extending from the lower end of the second pressure block 602. The first groove 13 and the second groove 14 are interconnected and form an inverted T-shaped groove, with the first groove 13 located above the second groove 14. Multiple threaded holes 15 communicating with the first groove 13 are extending through both sides of the second pressure block 602. A first threaded post 16 is threaded onto the inner wall of two corresponding threaded holes 15 on different sides. First nuts 17 are threaded onto the outer walls of both ends of the first threaded post 16, and the first nuts 17 are used to lock and fix the first threaded post 16 onto the second pressure block 602.
[0060] A fixing post 19 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the first groove 13, and a mounting post 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing post 19. The width of the mounting post 18 is greater than the width of the fixing post 19. The mounting post 18 is slidably disposed between the inner walls of the two sides of the second groove 14, and the lower end face of the mounting post 18 is slidably attached to the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second groove 14. A plurality of first threaded posts 16 are inserted into the first groove 13 to limit and fix the fixing post 19 inside the first groove 13, preventing the fixing post 19 from moving upward or falling out during the test.
[0061] A pressure plate 20 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting post 18. A limiting ring 21 is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the pressure plate 20, and a second threaded post 22 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end of the pressure plate 20. A second nut 23 is threaded onto the outer peripheral wall of the second threaded post 22. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the second threaded post 22. When the pressure plate 20 is in contact with the third fixing ring 12, there is an annular gap between the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring 21 and the outer peripheral wall of the third fixing ring 12. This facilitates the insertion of the third fixing ring 12 and also moderately limits its radial deformation during testing.
[0062] When the test piece is installed at this station, the lower end face of the pressure plate 20 is in contact with the upper end face of the third fixing ring 12, the outer peripheral wall of the second threaded post 22 is in contact with the inner wall of the third fixing ring 12, and the second nut 23 is screwed in from the lower end of the second threaded post 22 until its upper end face is in close contact with the lower end face of the third fixing ring 12, thereby firmly clamping and fixing the third fixing ring 12 onto the pressure plate 20.
[0063] In this embodiment, specifically, the compression testing mechanism 3 includes a second fixing block 301 fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support block 2. A sliding groove 302 is formed through the upper end of the second fixing block 301, and a rack 303 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the sliding groove 302. A gear 304 is rotatably mounted inside the second fixing block 301, and the gear 304 meshes with the rack 303. A first pressure block 305 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rack 303. When the gear 304 rotates, it drives the rack 303 to move up and down along the sliding groove 302, thereby causing the first pressure block 305 to rise and fall.
[0064] A rotating disk 306 is rotatably mounted on the second fixing block 301. Multiple first grooves 307 are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating disk 306. These first grooves 307 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating disk 306, and the dimensions of each first groove 307 correspond to the outer diameter of the second fixing ring 10 of different specifications of the test piece, to accommodate the testing requirements of different models of test pieces. A limiting post 308 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support block 2. The limiting post 308 is coaxially arranged with the first pressure block 305 to ensure that the compressive force is applied along the axial direction of the test piece.
[0065] A rotating rod 309 is rotatably mounted on the second fixed block 301. One end of the rotating rod 309 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the gear 304. Two hand levers 310 are fixedly attached to the outer peripheral wall of the rotating rod 309, facilitating manual rotation by the operator. A through hole 311 is provided in the side wall of the second fixed block 301. An insert rod 312 is inserted into the inner wall of the through hole 311. A first fixing ring 313 is fixedly attached to the outer peripheral wall of the insert rod 312. After the insert rod 312 is inserted into the through hole 311, its inner end can abut against the side of the hand lever 310, thereby locking the rotation position of the rotating rod 309, and thus locking the height position of the rack 303 and the first pressure block 305, achieving continuous compression and pressure holding of the test piece.
[0066] In this embodiment, specifically, a camera mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first support block 2. The camera mechanism includes a vertical block 24 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first support block 2, an electric cylinder 25 fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical block 24, and a lifting block 26 fixedly connected to the upper end of the output shaft of the electric cylinder 25. A limiting groove 27 is formed at the upper end of the vertical block 24, and the lifting block 26 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the limiting groove 27. The limiting groove 27 guides and stabilizes the movement of the lifting block 26.
[0067] A first camera 28 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lifting block 26. The camera end of the first camera 28 is set horizontally to collect horizontal images of the test piece during the test process, facilitating observation of the bending deformation or fracture pattern of the spring 11. A horizontal block 29 is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical block 24. A second camera 30 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the horizontal block 29. The camera end of the second camera 30 is set downwards to collect top-view images of the test piece during the test process, facilitating observation of the deformation of the fixing ring or the alignment of the pressure block.
[0068] In this embodiment, specifically, the control box 7 is electrically connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 102, the second hydraulic cylinder 601, the third hydraulic cylinder 801, and the electric cylinder 25, respectively, and is used to control the start and stop, movement direction and movement speed of each hydraulic cylinder, as well as control the lifting and lowering action of the electric cylinder 25.
[0069] Working principle: Before use, the operator first completes the power-on initialization of the equipment through the control box 7, sets the test parameters of each test station, including target pressure value, holding time, tensile speed, compression speed, displacement threshold, etc. At the same time, according to the specifications of the test piece, the corresponding fixed plate 903 and rotating plate 306 are replaced, and the installation position of the pressure plate 20 on the second pressure block 602 is adjusted.
[0070] Static compressive strength test procedure at the first testing station:
[0071] The operator places the test piece on the upper end of the fixed plate 903, ensuring that the lower end face of the second fixed ring 10 is fully in contact with the fixed plate 903, and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixed ring 10 is inserted into the fixed cylinder 904 to complete radial positioning. The third hydraulic cylinder 801 is activated through the control box 7, driving the third pressure block 802 to move downward at a preset speed until the lower end face of the third pressure block 802 is in contact with the upper end face of the third fixed ring 12. Subsequently, the third hydraulic cylinder 801 maintains a constant output pressure for a preset duration to test the compressive strength and creep resistance of the third fixed ring 12 under continuous pressure. During the test, the operator can observe the correspondence between the pressure value and the displacement value through the display module of the control box 7. After the test is completed, the third hydraulic cylinder 801 drives the third pressure block 802 to move upward and reset, and the operator can then remove the test piece.
[0072] The tensile and compressive strength testing procedure at the second testing station:
[0073] The operator tightens the lower thread of the second fixing ring 10 of the test piece onto the inner wall of the internal threaded cylinder 103 to fix the lower end of the test piece; adjusts the position of the fixing post 19 in the inverted T-groove so that the pressure plate 20 is aligned with the third fixing ring 12, passes the first threaded post 16 through the corresponding threaded hole 15, and tightens the first nuts 17 at both ends to lock the fixing post 19; passes the second threaded post 22 through the inner hole of the third fixing ring 12, with the lower end face of the pressure plate 20 in contact with the upper end face of the third fixing ring 12, and then tightens the second nut 23 from the lower end of the third fixing ring 12 upwards to fix the upper end of the test piece;
[0074] During the tensile test, the control box 7 activates the second hydraulic cylinder 601, driving the second pressure block 602 to move upward at a preset speed, stretching the upper end of the test piece upward. At the same time, the first hydraulic cylinder 102 remains locked, allowing the spring 11 to bear a continuous tensile load. When the preset tensile amount is reached, the second hydraulic cylinder 601 can maintain the tensile position unchanged and continue for a preset time to detect the tensile strength and creep resistance of the spring 11 under continuous tension. During the test, the operator can observe the correspondence between the tensile force value and the tensile displacement value through the display module of the control box 7 until the spring 11 fails or the preset test time is reached, thus completing the tensile strength test.
[0075] During the compression test, the control box 7 activates the second hydraulic cylinder 601, driving the second pressure block 602 to move downward at a preset speed, causing the pressure plate 20 to press down on the third fixed ring 12, while the first hydraulic cylinder 102 remains locked. When the preset compression amount is reached, the second hydraulic cylinder 601 can maintain the compression position unchanged for a preset time to test the compressive strength and creep resistance of the spring 11 under continuous compression. During the test, the operator can observe the correspondence between the compression force value and the compression displacement value through the display module of the control box 7 to complete the compression strength test.
[0076] After the test is completed, the second hydraulic cylinder 601 is reset, and the second nut 23 is unscrewed to quickly remove the test piece;
[0077] The manual continuous compression and pressure holding test procedure at the third test station:
[0078] The operator rotates the rotating disk 306 to align the first groove 307, which matches the specifications of the part to be tested, with the limiting post 308. The second fixing ring 10 of the part to be tested is then fitted onto the outer periphery of the limiting post 308, so that the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring 10 is engaged in the first groove 307 to complete the positioning. By rotating the rotating rod 309 through the hand lever 310, the gear 304 is driven to rotate, which drives the rack 303 to descend smoothly, causing the first pressure block 305 to press down on the third fixing ring 12. After reaching the preset compression amount, the insertion rod 312 is inserted into the insertion hole 311. The insertion rod 312 is pressed against the hand handle 310 to lock the position of the rack 303. The first pressure block 305 applies a continuous and stable compressive load to the third fixed ring 12 and maintains the pressure for a preset holding time to test the compression creep performance of the spring 11 under long-term continuous compression. During the pressure holding process, the camera mechanism takes real-time pictures of the test piece and records the deformation process of the spring 11 over time. After the test is completed, the insertion rod 312 is pulled out, and the rotating rod 309 is rotated in the opposite direction to drive the first pressure block 305 to move upward and reset, so that the test piece can be removed.
[0079] During all tests, the control box 7 can control the electric cylinder 25 to drive the first camera 28 to move up and down according to the test progress, and adjust the shooting height. The first camera 28 and the second camera 30 simultaneously take dual-view shots of the test piece. The control box 7 is equipped with a storage module to store the images captured by the first camera 28 and the second camera 30, so as to realize full-process visualization and traceability of the test process.
[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0081] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A material tensile strength testing machine, characterized in that, It includes a support platform (1), a support mechanism (9) set on one side of the support platform (1), a first support block (2) set on the other side of the support platform (1), a compression test mechanism (3) set on the upper end of the first support block (2), a column (4) fixed to the four corner edges of the upper end of the support platform (1), a support block (5) fixed to the upper end of the four columns (4), a first pressure mechanism (6) set on the support block (5), a second pressure mechanism (8) set on one side of the support block (5), and a control box (7) fixed on the other side of the support block (5). The load-bearing mechanism (9), the compression test mechanism (3) and the first pressure mechanism (6) are set up independently and are used to perform mechanical property tests on test pieces with the same structure in different modes. The test piece consists of a second fixing ring (10), a spring (11) fixed to the upper end of the second fixing ring (10), and a third fixing ring (12) fixed to the upper end of the spring (11); The support platform (1) is equipped with a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes a first fixed block (101) fixed to the inner wall of the support platform (1), a first hydraulic cylinder (102) fixed to the first fixed block (101), and an internal threaded cylinder (103) fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder (102). The lower outer peripheral wall of the second fixed ring (10) can be threaded onto the inner wall of the internal threaded cylinder (103). The first pressure mechanism (6) includes a second hydraulic cylinder (601) fixed to the upper end of the bearing block (5) and a second pressure block (602) fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder (601). The lower end of the second pressure block (602) is provided with a locking assembly for detachably fixing a third fixing ring (12), so that when the second hydraulic cylinder (601) drives the second pressure block (602) to move downward, a compressive strength test is performed, or when the second pressure block (602) is driven to move upward, a tensile strength test is performed.
2. The material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing mechanism (9) and the second pressure mechanism (8) cooperate to form the first test station; the bearing mechanism (9) includes a second support block (901) fixed to one side of the bearing platform (1), a second groove (902) is provided at the upper end of the second support block (901), a fixed plate (903) is placed on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second groove (902), and a fixed cylinder (904) is fixed to the upper end of the fixed plate (903); the second pressure mechanism (8) is located directly above the bearing mechanism (9), and includes a third hydraulic cylinder (801) fixed to one side of the bearing block (5), and a third pressure block (802) is fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the third hydraulic cylinder (801); When the test piece is placed at the first test station, the lower end face of the second fixing ring (10) is in contact with the upper end face of the fixing plate (903), and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring (10) is in contact with the inner wall of the fixing cylinder (904); the third pressure block (802) is used to press down the third fixing ring (12) and keep it stationary in order to test the compressive strength of the third fixing ring (12) itself.
3. The material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism and the first pressure mechanism (6) cooperate to form the second test station; the locking assembly includes: a first groove (13) is opened through one side of the second pressure block (602), and a second groove (14) is opened at the lower end of the second pressure block (602). The first groove (13) and the second groove (14) are interconnected and form an inverted T-shaped groove; multiple screw holes (15) are opened through both sides of the second pressure block (602). The inner walls of two screw holes (15) on different sides and corresponding to each other are threaded with a first threaded post (16). The outer walls of the two ends of the first threaded post (16) are threaded with a first nut (17); a fixed post (19) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the first groove (13). An installation post (18) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed post (19). The installation post (18) is slidably arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the second groove (14). Multiple first threaded posts (16) are used to limit the fixed post (19) inside the first groove (13); The lower end of the mounting post (18) is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (20), the lower end of the pressure plate (20) is fixedly connected to a limit ring (21), the lower center of the pressure plate (20) is fixedly connected to a second threaded post (22), and the outer peripheral wall of the second threaded post (22) is threaded with a second nut (23). When the test piece is installed at the second test station, the lower end face of the pressure plate (20) is in contact with the upper end face of the third fixing ring (12), the outer peripheral wall of the second threaded column (22) is in contact with the inner wall of the third fixing ring (12), the second nut (23) is installed on the second threaded column (22) and its upper end face is in contact with the lower end face of the third fixing ring (12) to fix the third fixing ring (12) on the pressure plate (20); the second hydraulic cylinder (601) drives the second pressure block (602) to move upward to perform a tensile strength test on the spring (11).
4. The material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Compression test mechanism (3) and first support block (2) cooperate to form third test station; compression test mechanism (3) includes second fixed block (301) fixed to the upper end of first support block (2), the upper end of second fixed block (301) is provided with a sliding groove (302), the inner wall of sliding groove (302) is slidably provided with rack (303), gear (304) is rotatably installed inside second fixed block (301), gear (304) meshes with rack (303), the lower end of rack (303) is fixedly connected with first pressure block (305); A rotating disk (306) is rotatably mounted on the second fixed block (301). The outer peripheral wall of the rotating disk (306) is provided with multiple first grooves (307). A limit post (308) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first support block (2). A rotating rod (309) is rotatably mounted on the second fixed block (301). One end of the rotating rod (309) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the gear (304). Two hand handles (310) are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the rotating rod (309). An insertion hole (311) is provided through the side wall of the second fixed block (301). An insertion rod (312) is inserted into the inner wall of the insertion hole (311). A first fixing ring (313) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the insertion rod (312). When the test piece is placed at the third test station, the inner wall of the second fixing ring (10) is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the limiting post (308), and the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring (10) is located inside one of the first grooves (307) and in contact with the inner wall of the first groove (307); by manually rotating the rotating rod (309), the gear (304) drives the rack (303) to descend, thereby driving the first pressure block (305) to press down the third fixing ring (12); insert the insertion rod (312) into the insertion hole (311) and make it press against the hand handle (310) to lock the position of the rack (303) and realize the continuous compression of the spring (11).
5. A material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A camera mechanism is fixed to the side wall of the first support block (2). The camera mechanism includes a vertical block (24) fixed to the side wall of the first support block (2). An electric cylinder (25) is fixed to the side wall of the vertical block (24). A lifting block (26) is fixed to the upper end of the output shaft of the electric cylinder (25). A limit groove (27) is opened at the upper end of the vertical block (24). The lifting block (26) is slidably disposed in the limit groove (27). A first camera (28) is fixed to the side wall of the lifting block (26). The camera end of the first camera (28) is disposed in the horizontal direction. A horizontal block (29) is fixed to the side wall of the vertical block (24). A second camera (30) is fixed to the lower end of the horizontal block (29). The camera end of the second camera (30) is disposed downward.
6. A material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first groove (13) is located above the second groove (14). The width of the mounting post (18) is greater than the width of the fixing post (19). The lower end face of the mounting post (18) slides against the bottom surface of the inner wall of the second groove (14). The inner diameter of the limiting ring (21) is greater than the outer diameter of the second threaded post (22). When the pressure plate (20) is in contact with the third fixing ring (12), there is an annular gap between the inner peripheral wall of the limiting ring (21) and the outer peripheral wall of the third fixing ring (12).
7. A material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer peripheral wall of the fixed plate (903) is clearance-fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the second groove (902), and the inner diameter of the fixed cylinder (904) is adapted to the outer diameter of the second fixed ring (10); the lower end face of the third pressure block (802) is a plane, and its projected area is greater than the projected area of the third fixed ring (12).
8. A material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple first grooves (307) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating disk (306), and the size of each first groove (307) corresponds to the outer diameter of the second fixing ring (10) of the test piece of different specifications; the limiting post (308) is coaxially arranged with the first pressure block (305).
9. A material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electric cylinder (25) is electrically connected to the control box (7). The control box (7) is used to control the electric cylinder (25) to drive the lifting block (26) to move up and down along the limit groove (27) to adjust the height position of the first camera (28) and the second camera (30). The first camera (28) is used to collect horizontal images of the test piece during the test process, and the second camera (30) is used to collect top-view images of the test piece during the test process.
10. A material tensile strength testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control box (7) is electrically connected to the first hydraulic cylinder (102), the second hydraulic cylinder (601) and the third hydraulic cylinder (801) respectively, and is used to control the start and stop, movement direction and movement speed of each hydraulic cylinder.