A test device for testing water permeability of loose layers in coal mines

Abstract

The utility model belongs to analog test device technical field, specifically discloses a kind of test device for testing coal mine loose layer water permeability, the test device includes base, sample jar and clamping mechanism and the like structural component, wherein, the top of base is provided with mounting plate, mounting plate is connected sample jar by clamping mechanism, formation sample is placed inside sample jar, and the top of sample jar is provided with water storage cavity, piston plate is provided in the inside of water storage cavity, electric push rod is connected with piston plate, electric push rod drives piston plate to move along the inner wall of water storage cavity, the bottom end water outlet of water storage cavity is connected with sample jar;The weighing mechanism is provided below sample jar, and the weighing mechanism is used to record weight change.The utility model test device by formation sample is placed into sample jar, power is provided by electric push rod, piston plate is pressed down and water is injected to sample jar interior, the change of observation record electronic scale indication number is achieved to monitor the change of water permeation and water permeation rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of simulation test devices, specifically to a test device for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] As coal resource development progresses into deeper areas, the geological structure becomes increasingly complex, with more and more diverse geological formations appearing in the deep mining strata. Among these, the loose coal strata refer to those composed of loose sand, gravel, and other loose materials. This portion has a less compact structure, poor intergranular bonding, and is more susceptible to external influences, forming interconnected pores or fissures. Over long-term groundwater flow can easily erode and damage this stratum (loose stratum), leading to coal mine safety accidents, affecting the mining process, and threatening the personal safety of workers.

[0003] Therefore, an experimental device is needed to simulate and test the permeability of loose layers under different permeability pressures and different stratum sample morphologies. By adjusting the permeability pressure and sample morphology (such as different particle size distributions and crack distributions), the interaction between water flow and strata during coal mining can be reproduced. The experimental data obtained from the tests can be used to design more reasonable drainage systems or reinforcement schemes, providing a certain theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control of coal mine water hazards.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes a test device for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines. This test device can perform permeability tests on loose layers under different permeability pressures and different formation sample morphologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A test device for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines includes a base, a sample container, a clamping mechanism, a water storage chamber, an electric push rod, and a weighing mechanism.

[0008] The base is provided with a vertically arranged mounting plate on its top, wherein one side of the mounting plate is connected to the sample container through a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism being used to clamp and fix the sample container.

[0009] The sample container contains a formation sample, and a water storage chamber is provided above the sample container. A piston plate is provided inside the water storage chamber. The cylinder end of the electric push rod is connected to the mounting plate, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is connected to the piston plate. The electric push rod can drive the piston plate to move along the inner wall of the water storage chamber.

[0010] The water storage chamber has an outlet at the bottom, and the outlet is connected to the inside of the sample tank through a water injection pipe.

[0011] The bottom of the sample container is equipped with a water-permeable screen, and a weighing mechanism is installed below the water-permeable screen to record weight changes.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a fixed clamping seat, an assembly seat, a drive motor, a lead screw, a lead nut, a guide rod, a slider, and movable grippers;

[0013] One side of the fixed clamp is connected to the mounting plate, and the opposite side of the fixed clamp is provided with an arc-shaped groove.

[0014] The side wall of the fixed clamping seat is connected to the assembly seat, and the drive motor is installed on the assembly seat. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a lead screw. The lead screw and the guide rod are both located inside the assembly seat. The lead screw is provided with a lead screw nut, and the guide rod is provided with a slider. The slider and the lead screw nut are both connected to the movable gripper. The drive motor can provide power to drive the movable gripper to move along the guide rod.

[0015] Preferably, the movable gripper has an arc-shaped groove that is adapted to the outer contour of the sample container.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping mechanism is provided in two sets, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms are arranged in parallel and symmetrically.

[0017] Preferably, the weighing mechanism includes an electronic scale, a tray, and hydrophilic activated carbon;

[0018] The electronic scale is located on top of the base, and the tray is placed on top of the electronic scale, with hydrophilic activated carbon arranged flat inside the tray.

[0019] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided around the periphery of the piston plate.

[0020] Preferably, the water injection pipe is equipped with a pressure gauge and a valve.

[0021] Preferably, the side wall of the water storage cavity is provided with a water inlet.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] This invention proposes a test device for testing the permeability of loose coal mine layers. The test device places the prepared formation sample into a sample container and clamps and fixes the sample container with a clamping mechanism, which can provide a stable test environment for subsequent tests. The electric push rod provides power to push the piston plate down and inject water into the sample container. The changes in the electronic scale reading are observed and recorded, and finally the changes in water permeability and permeability rate are monitored.

[0024] This invention allows for adjustment of water injection pressure by regulating the thrust of an electric actuator, simulating the water pressure a geological specimen can withstand under different water pressure impacts. The addition of a clamping mechanism facilitates the clamping and fixing of different sample containers, improving testing efficiency. By adjusting the permeability pressure and sample shape, this invention reproduces the interaction between water flow and the geological formation during coal mining, thereby quantifying the risk threshold, identifying the critical water pressure value for seepage failure in loose layers under different conditions, and designing more reasonable drainage systems or reinforcement schemes based on the test data, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control of coal mine water hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly of the clamping mechanism and the sample container of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly of the clamping mechanism and the sample container of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Among them, 11 is the base and 12 is the mounting plate;

[0032] 2-Sample container, 21-Inspection port, 22-Water-permeable screen;

[0033] 31-Water storage chamber, 311-Water inlet; 32-Piston plate, 321-Sealing ring, 33-Electric push rod;

[0034] 41-Electronic scale, 42-Tray, 43-Hydrophilic activated carbon;

[0035] 511-Fixed clamping seat, 512-Modible gripper, 52-Assembly seat, 53-Drive motor, 54-Lead screw, 55-Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0037] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model proposes a test device for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines. This test device can conduct permeability tests on loose layers under different permeability pressures and with different stratum sample morphologies, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control of coal mine water hazards and ensuring safe production operations in coal mines. The grouting reinforcement device mainly includes structural components such as a base 11, a sample tank 2, a clamping mechanism, a water storage chamber 31, an electric push rod 33, and a weighing mechanism.

[0039] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a vertically arranged mounting plate 12 is provided on the top of the base 11. The mounting plate 12 is used to install and fix related structural components such as the sample tank 2 and the water storage chamber 31.

[0040] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, one side of the mounting plate 12 is connected to the sample container 2 via a clamping mechanism, which is used to clamp and fix the sample container 2.

[0041] Combination Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the clamping mechanism mainly includes a fixed clamping seat 511, a movable gripper 512, an assembly seat 52, a drive motor 53, a lead screw 54, a lead screw nut, a guide rod 55, and a slider, among other structural components.

[0042] One side of the fixed clamping seat 511 is connected to the mounting plate 12, and the opposite side of the fixed clamping seat 511 is provided with an arc-shaped groove, which is adapted to the outer contour of the sample container 2.

[0043] The side wall of the fixed clamping seat 511 is connected to the mounting seat 52. A drive motor 53 is mounted on the mounting seat 52. The cylinder end of the drive motor 53 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting seat 52, and the output shaft of the drive motor 53 is connected to the end of the lead screw 54. The drive motor 53 can drive the lead screw 54 to rotate. The lead screw 54 and the guide rod 55 are both horizontally arranged inside the mounting seat 52. A nut is mounted on the lead screw 54, and a slider is mounted on the guide rod 55. Both the slider and the nut are connected to the movable gripper 512. This invention uses the drive motor 53 to provide power to drive the lead screw 54 to rotate. The nut moves laterally along the lead screw 54, and the slider moves synchronously, ultimately causing the movable gripper 512 to move laterally along the guide rod 55.

[0044] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the movable gripper 512 has an arc-shaped groove that matches the outer contour of the sample container 2. Under the combined clamping of the fixed clamping seat 511 and the movable gripper 512, the sample container 2 is fixed, providing a stable testing environment for subsequent tests and ensuring their smooth progress. When it is necessary to change to a different type of formation sample (such as different particle sizes and fracture distributions), the drive motor 53 provides power to move the movable gripper 512 away from the fixed clamping seat 511, releasing the clamp on the sample container 2. This facilitates the replacement of different formation samples and improves the efficiency of the testing.

[0045] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, there are two sets of clamping mechanisms, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms are arranged in a parallel and symmetrical manner, which can ensure the stability of the test environment and the smooth progress of subsequent tests.

[0046] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the sample container 2 contains a formation sample. The formation sample is made by mixing sand, silt and gravel in different proportions. By compaction or ratio adjustment, it is close to the actual formation density. At the same time, water-conducting fractures are pre-embedded. The loose layer sample needs to maintain high porosity to simulate the conditions of water inrush and sand collapse.

[0047] Combination Figure 1 As shown, a water storage chamber 31 is provided above the sample container 2, and the water storage chamber 31 contains the water source required for the test. A piston plate 32 is provided inside the water storage chamber 2. The cylinder end of the electric push rod 33 is connected to the mounting plate 12, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 33 is connected to the piston plate 32. The electric push rod 33 can drive the piston plate 32 to move along the inner wall of the water storage chamber 31.

[0048] This experimental device simulates the permeability of loose strata under different permeability pressures by adjusting the thrust of the electric push rod 33. At the same time, according to the basic formula of fluid statics: pressure (P) = thrust (F) / piston plate area (A), when the thrust F of the electric push rod 33 increases, if the piston plate area A remains unchanged and the outlet of the water storage chamber 2 is fixed, the pressure P will increase accordingly, resulting in an increase in the pressure of the water jet, thereby changing the water pressure.

[0049] Combination Figure 5 As shown, a sealing ring 321 is provided around the piston plate 32 to ensure good sealing and to ensure the smooth progress of the test.

[0050] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the side wall of the water storage chamber 31 is provided with a water inlet 311, which can provide water to the water storage chamber 31 in a timely manner. It should also be noted that the attached figure is only a schematic diagram and does not represent the actual dimensions.

[0051] Combination Figure 1 As shown, a water outlet is provided at the bottom of the water storage chamber 31, and the water outlet is connected to the inside of the sample tank 2 through a water injection pipe. The water injection pipe is equipped with a pressure gauge and a valve; the pressure gauge is used to measure the water pressure, and the valve is used to control the water injection process.

[0052] Combination Figure 2 As shown, an inspection port 21 is provided on the side wall of the sample container 2 to facilitate maintenance work inside the sample container 2.

[0053] Combination Figure 6 As shown, a permeable screen 22 is provided at the bottom of the sample container 2, and a weighing mechanism is provided below the permeable screen 22. The weighing mechanism is used to record weight changes.

[0054] The weighing mechanism mainly includes structural components such as an electronic scale 41, a tray 42, and hydrophilic activated carbon 43. The electronic scale 41 is located on top of the base 11, and the tray 42 is placed on top of the electronic scale 41. The hydrophilic activated carbon 43 is arranged flat inside the tray 42. The hydrophilic activated carbon 43 is used to receive and fully absorb the water that passes through the water-permeable screen 22 at the bottom of the sample tank 2, and the changes in water permeability and permeability rate are monitored by observing the changes in the reading of the electronic scale 41.

[0055] Combination Figures 1 to 6As shown, this invention proposes a test device for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines. This device places a prepared formation sample into a sample container 2, which is then clamped and fixed by a clamping mechanism, providing a stable testing environment for subsequent experiments. The invention uses an electric push rod 33 to power a piston plate 32, which presses down and injects water into the sample container 2. Changes in the reading of the electronic scale 41 are observed and recorded to monitor the changes in water permeability and permeability rate. The water injection pressure is adjusted by regulating the thrust of the electric push rod 33, simulating the water pressure the formation sample can withstand under different water pressure impacts. The addition of a clamping mechanism facilitates the clamping and fixing of different sample containers 2, improving the efficiency of the test. By adjusting the permeability pressure and sample shape, the interaction between water flow and the formation during coal mining can be reproduced, thereby quantifying the risk threshold and finding the critical water pressure value for seepage failure of loose layers under different conditions. The test data obtained can be used to design more reasonable drainage systems or reinforcement schemes, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific prevention and control of coal mine water hazards.

[0056] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model and should be protected by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines, characterized in that, It includes a base, a sample container, a clamping mechanism, a water storage chamber, an electric push rod, and a weighing mechanism; The base is provided with a vertically arranged mounting plate on its top, wherein one side of the mounting plate is connected to the sample container through a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism being used to clamp and fix the sample container. The clamping mechanism includes a fixed clamping seat, an assembly seat, a drive motor, a lead screw, a lead nut, a guide rod, a slider, and movable grippers; one side of the fixed clamping seat is connected to the mounting plate, and the opposite side of the fixed clamping seat has an arc-shaped groove. The side wall of the fixed clamping seat is connected to the assembly seat, and the drive motor is mounted on the assembly seat. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a lead screw. The lead screw and the guide rod are both located inside the assembly seat. The lead screw is provided with a lead screw nut, and the guide rod is provided with a slider. Both the slider and the lead screw nut are connected to the movable gripper. The drive motor can provide power to drive the movable gripper to move along the guide rod. The movable gripper has an arc-shaped groove that is adapted to the outer contour of the sample container. The clamping mechanism is provided in two sets, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms are arranged in parallel and symmetrically. The sample container contains a formation sample, and a water storage chamber is located above the sample container. A piston plate is located inside the water storage chamber. The cylinder end of the electric push rod is connected to the mounting plate, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is connected to the piston plate. The electric push rod can drive the piston plate to move along the inner wall of the water storage chamber. The water storage chamber has an inlet on its side wall; the water storage chamber has an outlet at its bottom, which is connected to the inside of the sample tank via a water injection pipe; the water injection pipe is equipped with a pressure gauge and a valve. The bottom of the sample container is equipped with a water-permeable screen, and a weighing mechanism is installed below the water-permeable screen to record weight changes.

2. The test apparatus for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighing mechanism includes an electronic scale, a tray, and hydrophilic activated carbon; The electronic scale is located on top of the base, and the tray is placed on top of the electronic scale, with hydrophilic activated carbon arranged flat inside the tray.

3. The test apparatus for testing the permeability of loose layers in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided around the periphery of the piston plate.

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