Integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection function

Abstract

The utility model relates to ecology experimental device technical field discloses integrated experimental device of simulating groundwater pollution and soil percolate collection function, include: outer bucket, for the transparent barrel body structure of top open, and bottom is provided with the discharge gate with valve, inner bucket is the transparent barrel body structure of top open, fills in soil in the inside, and plants have green plants on the soil, filter drum and filter structure, the filter structure sets up in the filter drum after, still is equipped with the water hole that forms on the filter drum lateral wall under. Compared with prior art, the advantage lies in: suitable for plant - soil - pollutant multiple interaction research, has the advantages of structure integration, function variety, transparent visible, convenient operation, integrates groundwater environment simulation, plant cultivation, soil modification and percolate collection and so on multi -functional, is suitable for being used in the pollution migration under the controlled experimental condition of indoor, soil - groundwater interface interaction process, dynamic correlation, environmental response and ecological restoration research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological experimental device technology, specifically to an integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, ecological and environmental experiments, such as groundwater pollution simulation, wetland plant rhizosphere response mechanisms, and pollutant migration pathway research, typically require the construction of a small, controllable simulation system. Traditional devices often employ multi-component assembly structures, such as plastic flowerpots, filter cups, and infiltration columns. This type of design suffers from the following main problems:

[0003] The structure is unstable and the sealing is poor. Gaps or leaks are prone to occur between the connections of multiple components, resulting in unstable control of experimental conditions. The design of multiple components results in a large footprint of the device, which requires a lot of laboratory space and is not conducive to conducting multiple repeated and batch experiments, resulting in slow experimental progress. The bottom ventilation and liquid collection functions conflict. Some devices use a simple pore design at the bottom to collect leachate, which is easily blocked by soil or roots, resulting in poor ventilation. The function is single and the adaptability is poor, making it difficult to meet the combined experimental needs of groundwater simulation, pollutant stress, plant culture and leachate collection at the same time. Observation is inconvenient. Most traditional containers are not transparent, making it impossible to observe root growth or liquid leachate dynamics in real time.

[0004] Given the above shortcomings, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of experimental device that is compact, functionally integrated, has an adjustable groundwater level, is transparent and visible, and is easy to use for long-term purposes, in order to simulate groundwater systems, pollutant migration pathways, and multi-component response mechanisms of plants, microorganisms, and soil. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical difficulties and provide an integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and collecting soil leachate. It is suitable for research on multiple interactions between plants, soil and pollutants, and has the advantages of integrated structure, multiple functions, transparency and visibility, and convenient operation. This new device has a compact structure and integrates multiple functions such as groundwater environment simulation, plant cultivation, soil modification and leachate collection. It is suitable for research on pollution migration, soil-groundwater interface processes, dynamic correlation, environmental response and ecological restoration under controlled indoor experimental conditions.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] An integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection includes:

[0008] The outer barrel is a transparent barrel structure with holes pre-drilled at the top, and a water inlet with a piston cap is provided on the top wall, and a discharge port with a valve is provided at the bottom;

[0009] The inner bucket is a transparent bucket structure with an open top, filled with soil and planted with greenery. The inner bucket passes through holes and is sealed to the outer bucket with a sealing ring.

[0010] A filter cartridge and a filter structure; the filter structure is installed inside the filter cartridge, and a water passage hole is formed on the side wall of the filter cartridge below it;

[0011] After the inner tub is placed inside the outer tub, its bottom is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer tub via a filter cylinder. The inner and outer tubs are connected only through a water passage hole.

[0012] As an improvement, the filter structure includes a layer of glass beads, which is filled and fixed inside the filter cartridge.

[0013] As an improvement, multiple water-permeable holes are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner bottom wall of the outer barrel. The water-permeable holes are arranged one-to-one with the filter cylinder. The glass bead layer cannot pass through the water-permeable holes. The top of the filter cylinder is threadedly fitted with a threaded sleeve fixed on the bottom wall of the inner barrel, and the bottom is movably fitted with a positioning sleeve formed on the inner bottom wall of the outer barrel. The water passage hole is completely exposed on the outside of the positioning sleeve.

[0014] As an improvement, multiple support legs are evenly fixed to the bottom of the outer barrel, and self-locking casters are installed and fixed to the bottom of the support legs. This allows the new design to be moved directly by pushing.

[0015] It is worth mentioning the design concept of this new technical solution:

[0016] Against the backdrop of tidal fluctuations, this device was used to simulate the effects of groundwater level changes and the intrusion of different pollutants on the pH-Eh and related physicochemical properties of wetland plant rhizosphere soil and on plant physiological characteristics.

[0017] Tidal forces significantly influence the flow path of groundwater in tidal wetlands. The rise and fall of tides in coastal wetlands cause regular fluctuations in groundwater levels, with water seeping into the wetland aquifer during high tide and outflowing during low tide. Therefore, tides enhance the hydraulic connection between the wetland surface and groundwater. The water cycle in wetlands serves as a carrier for the exchange of matter, energy, and information, thereby driving the growth of wetland vegetation, changes in landscape patterns, and the realization of ecological functions.

[0018] The rhizosphere is the region in wetlands where material exchange and energy transfer between groundwater and rhizosphere soil are most frequent and biochemical processes are most active. These transfer processes directly constrain the water balance of wetland ecosystems. Eh and pH are important indicators reflecting the soil environment, and Eh can characterize the activity of microorganisms in hydrated soil. Its distribution characteristics directly affect the occurrence, migration, and transformation of nutrients and pollutants in soil and groundwater. Therefore, changes in pH-Eh in the wetland rhizosphere also play a significant indicative role in changes in the groundwater environment.

[0019] The advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0020] 1. This novel design integrates the plant cultivation area (soil) with the water environment simulation area (groundwater) or leachate collection area into one unit. This effectively avoids problems such as leakage, unstable support, or cross-contamination caused by splicing multiple containers; it improves the stability and reusability of the device, making it suitable for long-term pollution stress experiments.

[0021] 2. This novel material utilizes high-transmittance acrylic, enabling real-time visual observation of water levels, plant root growth, and soil saturation during experiments. It allows for monitoring of plant root responses and pollutant migration trends without destructive sampling, facilitating image analysis, recording, and comparison.

[0022] 3. This novel design, through its filtration structure, allows soil moisture to seep out smoothly while preventing fine particles from clogging the pores. This significantly extends the continuous operating time of the device, making it particularly suitable for experimental scenarios involving frequent leachate collection.

[0023] 4. This new invention can achieve the following multi-functional operation modes:

[0024] Groundwater pollution stress model: Injecting formulated groundwater solutions into an external tank to study the toxicity of pollutants on plants, physiological responses, and changes in rhizosphere microorganisms;

[0025] Leachate collection mode: When the outer tank is dry, leachate is collected after water is applied to the inner tank to analyze the migration and transformation process of pollutants in the soil.

[0026] Soil modification evaluation model: By comparing the changes in physicochemical indicators of leachate after adding different modifying materials (such as activated carbon, microorganisms, chitosan, Fe / Mn oxides, etc.), the adsorption, transformation or degradation effects on pollutants are evaluated. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the outer barrel part of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the inner barrel part of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter cartridge of this utility model installed and fixed on the inner barrel.

[0032] As shown in the figure: 1. Outer barrel; 2. Discharge port; 3. Inner barrel; 4. Filter cylinder; 5. Water passage hole; 6. Glass bead layer; 7. Water permeable hole; 8. Threaded sleeve; 9. Positioning sleeve; 10. Handle; 11. Support leg; 12. Self-locking caster wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Additionally, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] An integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection includes:

[0036] The outer bucket 1 is a transparent bucket structure with holes pre-drilled at the top. It has a water inlet with a piston cap on the top wall and a discharge outlet 2 with a valve at the bottom. Multiple support legs 11 are evenly fixed at the bottom of the outer bucket 1. Self-locking casters 12 are installed and fixed at the bottom of the support legs 11. The outer wall of the outer bucket 1 is also equipped with scale lines to facilitate observation of the amount of liquid inside the outer bucket 1.

[0037] The inner bucket 3 is a transparent bucket structure with an open top. The inside is filled with soil and green plants are planted on the soil. The inner bucket 3 passes through the hole and is sealed with the outer bucket 1 by a sealing ring. A pair of left and right mirrored handles 10 are fixed on the top outer wall of the inner bucket 3. The handles 10 are located on the outside of the outer bucket 1.

[0038] The filter cylinder 4 and the filter structure are provided; after the filter structure is set inside the filter cylinder 4, a water passage hole 5 is also provided below the filter cylinder 4 on the side wall of the filter cylinder 4. The filter structure includes a glass bead layer 6, which is filled and fixed inside the filter cylinder 4.

[0039] After the inner tub 3 is placed inside the outer tub 1, its bottom is detachably connected to the inner bottom of the outer tub 1 via a filter cylinder 4. The inner cavities of the inner tub 3 and the outer tub 1 are connected only through water passage holes 5. Specifically: multiple water passage holes 7 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner bottom wall of the outer tub 1. Each water passage hole 7 corresponds to a filter cylinder 4. The glass bead layer 6 cannot pass through the water passage holes 7. The top of the filter cylinder 4 is threadedly fitted with a threaded sleeve 8 fixed to the bottom wall of the inner tub 3, and the bottom is movably fitted with a positioning sleeve 9 formed on the inner bottom wall of the outer tub 1. The water passage holes 5 are completely exposed on the outside of the positioning sleeve 9.

[0040] Both the inner tub 3 and the outer tub 1 are made of transparent acrylic.

[0041] In the specific implementation of this embodiment:

[0042] Mode 1: Groundwater Pollution Simulation Experiment

[0043] Preparation stage: Assemble the outer barrel 1, inner barrel 3, and filter cartridge 4 as follows Figure 1 After assembly 2, fill the inner container 3 with experimental soil (which can be natural soil or artificially prepared substrate). The layer thickness is set according to the needs of the plant roots, generally 10–25 cm. Plant the plants to be tested (such as reeds, Suaeda salsa, and scallions) in the device or transplant the seedlings into the soil of the inner column, keeping the plant spacing consistent and the roots buried evenly.

[0044] Water injection: Pour actual collected groundwater or artificially prepared simulated groundwater solution into outer container 1, controlling the water level according to the experimental purpose (the height can be slightly higher, level with, or lower than the soil surface); the artificially prepared simulated groundwater may contain different salt contents and nutrients (such as NH4) depending on the experimental purpose. + NO3 - (etc.) and pollutants (such as As, Cd, Pb, etc.) are used to simulate real groundwater pollution scenarios.

[0045] Experimental operation: Continuously observe plant growth, water absorption and root response; analyze pollutant migration, morphological transformation or remediation effect by regularly sampling soil, plant samples and liquid in the outer cylinder.

[0046] Mode 2: Modified Soil Preparation and Leachate Collection

[0047] Preparation stage: Assemble the outer barrel 1, inner barrel 3, and filter cartridge 4 as follows Figure 1 Alternatively, after assembly 2, fill the inner bucket 3 with experimental soil, add soil modifiers such as activated carbon, biochar, microbial inoculants, and iron-manganese oxides to the soil, mix evenly or fill in layers; plant the plants and complete the transplanting and planting.

[0048] Keep the outer bucket 1 dry; pour water or contaminated liquid into the inner bucket 3 through natural irrigation or metered watering.

[0049] Leachate collection: After being filtered through the soil layer, the leachate is further filtered by the glass bead layer 6, flows into the outer container 1, and is finally discharged through the discharge port 2 and collected. Sample chemical analysis is then performed to compare the effects of different modification treatments on pollutant removal capacity, speciation, and migration rate.

[0050] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection, characterized in that, include: The outer barrel (1) is a transparent barrel structure with holes pre-reserved at the top, and a water inlet with a piston cap is provided on the top wall, and a discharge port with a valve is provided at the bottom (2). The inner bucket (3) is a transparent bucket structure with an open top. The inside is filled with soil and green plants are planted on the soil. The inner bucket (3) passes through the hole and is sealed with the outer bucket (1) by a sealing ring. The filter cylinder (4) and the filter structure are provided; after the filter structure is set inside the filter cylinder (4), a water passage hole (5) is also provided below it on the side wall of the filter cylinder (4); After the inner tub (3) is placed inside the outer tub (1), its bottom is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer tub (1) through a filter tube (4). The inner tub (3) and the inner tub (1) are connected only through a water passage hole (5).

2. The integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter structure includes a glass bead layer (6) that is filled and fixed inside the filter cylinder (4).

3. The integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple water-permeable holes (7) are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner bottom wall of the outer barrel (1). The water-permeable holes (7) are arranged one-to-one with the filter cylinder (4). The glass bead layer (6) cannot pass through the water-permeable holes (7). The top of the filter cylinder (4) is threadedly fitted with a threaded sleeve (8) fixed on the bottom wall of the inner barrel (3), and the bottom is movably fitted with a positioning sleeve (9) formed on the inner bottom wall of the outer barrel (1). The water passage hole (5) is completely exposed on the outside of the positioning sleeve (9).

4. The integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of left and right mirror-shaped handles (10) are fixed on the top outer wall of the inner barrel (3).

5. The integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer barrel (1) is evenly fixed with multiple support legs (11), and the bottom of the support legs (11) is fixed with self-locking casters (12).

6. The integrated experimental device for simulating groundwater pollution and soil leachate collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inner barrel (3) and the outer barrel (1) are made of transparent acrylic.

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