Water quality purifying type ecological slope
By introducing functional microorganisms, slow-release carbon sources, and porous materials into ecological slopes, a multi-level purification system is constructed, which solves the problems of low microbial activity and low plant survival rate in traditional ecological slopes, and achieves a highly efficient pollutant removal effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING YUANCHAO ECOLOGICAL CONSTR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional ecological slopes suffer from low total microbial quantity and diversity, low plant survival rate, insufficient carbon source leading to low microbial activity, low denitrification efficiency, and single filler composition resulting in poor pollutant interception effect.
Functional microorganisms, slow-release carbon sources, and porous materials such as zeolite, volcanic rock, and sponge iron are added to gabion cages, along with mesh partitions and emergent plants, to construct a multi-level purification system, promote microbial activity and plant growth, and enhance the ability to remove pollutants.
It significantly improves the purification efficiency of ecological slopes against surface pollutants, increases nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, reduces the load on treatment units, and provides an efficient, low-consumption, and easy-to-maintain wastewater treatment solution.
Smart Images
Figure CN224478009U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wetland water purification technology, specifically to a water purification type ecological slope. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, river and lake pollution problems are becoming increasingly prominent. In particular, non-point source pollutants (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic pollutants) from farmland and rural areas enter water bodies through surface runoff and shallow groundwater runoff, leading to water pollution and eutrophication. The limitations of traditional gabion slope protection technology mainly include the following aspects:
[0003] 1) Traditional ecological slope fillers have low total microbial count and diversity, resulting in low efficiency of biological purification of pollutants;
[0004] 2) Traditional ecological slopes suffer from low survival rates of plants planted on the filler substrate due to insufficient nutrients.
[0005] 3) Traditional ecological slope fillers lack a carbon source that can be used by organisms, resulting in slow microbial growth and low activity.
[0006] 4) Traditional ecological slopes are not very efficient at denitrification and nitrogen removal from water bodies and runoff with high total nitrogen due to insufficient carbon sources;
[0007] 5) Traditional ecological slopes are constructed using conventional fillers such as crushed stone. The filler composition is relatively simple, and the interception and retention time of runoff is short, resulting in a weak adsorption and interception effect on various pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter. Utility Model Content
[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a water-purifying ecological slope to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.
[0009] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:
[0010] A water purification type ecological slope includes: gabion cages, which are placed in the water body and at a distance from the bottom of the slope. The upper end of the gabion cages is above the water surface. The space enclosed by the gabion cages and the slope surface is covered with permeable geotextile at the bottom and on the slope surface. A filler layer is laid on the permeable geotextile. Functional microorganisms are added to the filler layer. Emergent plants are planted on the filler layer. The gabion cages are filled with filler material, and a slow-release carbon source is added to the filler material. Mesh partitions are installed between the gabion cages and the filler material.
[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0012] 1) Adding functional microorganisms into the packing layer can enhance the function of microorganisms through "targeted enhancement". On the one hand, it can supplement nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and Bacillus photosynthetic bacteria, shorten the nitrogen and phosphorus removal pathway, and significantly improve the removal capacity of complex pollutants. On the other hand, it can secrete plant growth hormone (IAA) and ACC deaminase, enhance plant stress resistance (such as salt tolerance and low temperature tolerance), promote plant growth and long-term stability of the system. Moreover, the synergistic effect of packing, plants and microorganisms significantly improves the purification efficiency of ecological slopes against non-point source pollutants. It can be widely used in non-point source pollution scenarios such as river slopes and farmland ditches, providing an efficient, low-consumption and easy-to-maintain solution for decentralized sewage treatment.
[0013] 2) The slow-release carbon source added to the filler of the gabion cage can be released slowly and in a controlled manner, thus avoiding secondary pollution caused by excessive addition of carbon source, and providing a continuous electron donor for denitrifying bacteria, thereby improving nitrogen removal efficiency.
[0014] 3) The mesh partition can effectively trap suspended solid particles and coarse impurities, reducing the load on subsequent processing units. It can also support filler materials and prevent migration and loss caused by water scouring.
[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.
[0016] Furthermore, the filler layer uses zeolite, volcanic rock, and sponge iron. The particle size of the zeolite used in the filler layer is 10mm to 80mm, the particle size of the volcanic rock used in the filler layer is 10mm to 80mm, and the particle size of the sponge iron used in the filler layer is 10mm to 80mm. The volume ratio of zeolite, volcanic rock, and sponge iron is 3:6.7:0.3 to 6:3.7:0.3.
[0017] The further beneficial effects of the above are as follows: the zeolite used in the packing layer has a honeycomb-like microporous structure and a high specific surface area, which can effectively adsorb pollutants such as suspended particles, organic matter, and colloids in the water, and adsorb ammonia nitrogen through ion exchange. The rough and porous surface of the zeolite provides attachment sites for microorganisms such as nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, promoting biofilm formation.
[0018] The volcanic rock used in the filler layer has a porous structure, which effectively removes pollutants such as organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals from the water through the synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms such as physical interception, chemical adsorption, and biodegradation.
[0019] The sponge iron used in the packing layer significantly improves the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and organic matter through multiple pathways such as chemical reduction, precipitation, adsorption and promotion of microbial metabolism;
[0020] By optimizing the packing layer using zeolite, volcanic rock, and sponge iron, and adding functional microorganisms, a highly efficient pollutant purification system integrating "physicochemical adsorption-oxidation-reduction-biodegradation" is constructed through the deep integration of packing layer structure optimization and precise control technology of compound microbial strains. This significantly improves the purification efficiency of non-point source pollutants on ecological slopes and the long-term stability of the system. It can be widely applied to non-point source pollution scenarios such as river slopes and farmland ditches, providing an efficient, low-consumption, and easy-to-maintain solution for decentralized wastewater treatment.
[0021] Furthermore, a uniformly distributed water-distributing fiber blanket is laid transversely within the filler layer.
[0022] The further beneficial effects of the above-mentioned uniform water-distributing fiber blanket are as follows: the main function of the uniform water-distributing fiber blanket is to evenly disperse water to the packing layer below it through its own pore structure and permeability, optimize water flow distribution, intercept suspended solids in the water, reduce the risk of blockage of subsequent packing layers, prevent large particles of impurities from covering the biofilm on the surface of the lower packing layer, and maintain microbial activity.
[0023] Furthermore, the lower end of the gabion box is below the filling layer, and a concrete pad layer is provided at the lower end of the gabion box.
[0024] Furthermore, the slow-release carbon source adopts MDI chemically modified high-efficiency slow-release carbon source.
[0025] Furthermore, the particle size of the slow-release carbon source is 20 mm to 80 mm.
[0026] Furthermore, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is added to the filling material of the gabion cage, and the particle size of the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is 20mm to 80mm.
[0027] The further beneficial effects of using the above-mentioned materials are: iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is used to promote the oxidation of organic matter, the reduction of heavy metals and the precipitation of phosphates.
[0028] Furthermore, the filler materials are crushed stone and zeolite. The particle size of the crushed stone used in the filler materials is 20mm to 80mm, and the particle size of the zeolite used in the filler materials is 20mm to 80mm. The volume ratio of crushed stone, zeolite, slow-release carbon source and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is 1:7:0.5:1.5 to 3:5:0.5:1.5.
[0029] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are as follows: the filler uses crushed stone as the skeleton material, which enhances the structural stability, provides water flow channels, promotes the contact between pollutants and filler, and the zeolite used in the filler selectively adsorbs ammonia nitrogen and heavy metals, while providing an attachment substrate for microorganisms. The crushed stone, zeolite, slow-release carbon source and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler in the gabion cage form a multi-level synergistic purification system.
[0030] Furthermore, the mesh partition is made of plastic, and the mesh size is 10mm×10mm~20mm×20mm.
[0031] Furthermore, the main frame of the gabion is formed by electric welding of galvanized low-carbon steel wire, and the mesh is made of the same material of steel wire with a mesh size of 50mm×50mm~50mm×70mm. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the water purification type ecological slope in this utility model.
[0033] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:
[0034] 1. Gabion mesh box, 2. Permeable geotextile, 3. Filling layer, 4. Emergent plants, 5. Filling material, 6. Mesh partition, 7. Uniformly distributed water-retaining fiber blanket, 8. Concrete subbase. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a water purification type ecological slope includes:
[0038] Gabion cage 1 is placed in the water body at a distance from the bottom of the slope. The upper end of gabion cage 1 is above the water surface. The space enclosed by gabion cage 1 and the slope is covered with permeable geotextile 2 at the bottom and on the slope. A filler layer 3 is laid on the permeable geotextile 2. Functional microorganisms are added to the filler layer 3. Emergent plants 4 are planted on the filler layer 3. The functional microorganisms enhance the function of microorganisms through "directional enhancement". On the one hand, they can supplement nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and Bacillus photosynthetic bacteria, shorten the nitrogen and phosphorus removal path, and significantly improve the removal capacity of complex pollutants. On the other hand, they can secrete plant growth hormone (IAA) and ACC deaminase, enhance the plant's stress resistance (such as salt tolerance and low temperature tolerance), promote plant growth and long-term stability of the system. The synergistic effect of filler, plants and microorganisms significantly improves the purification efficiency of ecological slopes against non-point source pollutants. It can be widely used in non-point source pollution scenarios such as river slopes and farmland ditches, providing an efficient, low-consumption and easy-to-maintain solution for decentralized sewage treatment.
[0039] The gabion cage 1 is filled with filler material 5, and a slow-release carbon source is added to the filler material 5. The slow-release carbon source added to the filler material 5 can be released slowly and in a controlled manner, thereby avoiding secondary pollution caused by excessive addition of carbon source, and providing a continuous electron donor for denitrifying bacteria, thus improving nitrogen removal efficiency.
[0040] Inside the gabion box 1, a mesh partition 6 is installed between the gabion box 1 and the filling material 5. The mesh partition 6 can effectively intercept suspended solid particles and coarse impurities, reduce the load on subsequent processing units, and also support the filling material 5 and other materials to prevent migration and loss caused by water scouring.
[0041] Example 2
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1, as detailed below:
[0043] The packing layer 3 is composed of zeolite, volcanic rock, and sponge iron. The zeolite in packing layer 3 has a honeycomb-like microporous structure and a high specific surface area, effectively adsorbing suspended particles, organic matter, colloids, and other pollutants in the water. It also adsorbs ammonia nitrogen through ion exchange. The rough and porous surface of the zeolite provides attachment sites for nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, promoting biofilm formation. The volcanic rock in packing layer 3 has a porous structure and effectively removes organic matter from the water through a synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms, including physical interception, chemical adsorption, and biodegradation. Pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals; the sponge iron used in the packing layer 3 significantly improves the removal efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and organic matter through multiple pathways such as chemical reduction, precipitation, adsorption and promotion of microbial metabolism. In this embodiment, the particle size of zeolite is preferably 10mm to 80mm, the particle size of volcanic rock is preferably 10mm to 80mm, the particle size of sponge iron is preferably 10mm to 80mm, and the volume ratio of zeolite, volcanic rock and sponge iron is preferably 3:6.7:0.3 to 6:3.7:0.3.
[0044] Example 3
[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1 or 2, as detailed below:
[0046] A uniformly distributed water-distributing fiber blanket 7 is arranged horizontally inside the packing layer 3. The main function of the uniformly distributed water-distributing fiber blanket 7 is to distribute water evenly to the packing layer 3 below it through its own pore structure and permeability, optimize the water flow distribution, intercept suspended solids in the water, reduce the risk of blockage of the subsequent packing layer 3, prevent large particles of impurities from covering the biofilm on the surface of the lower packing layer, and maintain the activity of microorganisms.
[0047] Example 4
[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on any one of embodiments 1 to 3, as detailed below:
[0049] The lower end of the gabion box 1 is below the filling layer 3, and a concrete cushion layer 8 is provided at the lower end of the gabion box 1 to enhance the stability of the gabion box 1.
[0050] Example 5
[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on any one of embodiments 1 to 4, as detailed below:
[0052] The preferred slow-release carbon source is a chemically modified MDI high-efficiency slow-release carbon source. This is an existing technology, and for details, please refer to the patent document with application number 2024111291606. The particle size of the slow-release carbon source is preferably 20mm to 80mm.
[0053] Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is added to filler 5. The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is used to promote the oxidation of organic matter, the reduction of heavy metals and the precipitation of phosphate. The particle size of the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is preferably 20mm to 80mm, that is, the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler can be understood as granular.
[0054] The filler 5 uses crushed stone and zeolite. The crushed stone in the filler 5 serves as the skeleton material to enhance structural stability, provide water flow channels, and promote the contact between pollutants and the filler. The zeolite used in the filler 5 selectively adsorbs ammonia nitrogen and heavy metals, while providing an attachment substrate for microorganisms. The particle size of the crushed stone used in the filler 5 is preferably 20mm to 80mm, and the particle size of the zeolite used in the filler 5 is preferably 20mm to 80mm. The volume ratio of crushed stone, zeolite, slow-release carbon source, and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is preferably 1:7:0.5:1.5 to 3:5:0.5:1.5.
[0055] Example 6
[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on any one of embodiments 1 to 5, as detailed below:
[0057] The material of the mesh partition 6 is preferably plastic. Of course, this is just an example. In actual application, other materials such as metal or other non-metals are not excluded. The mesh size of the mesh partition 6 is preferably 10mm×10mm to 20mm×20mm.
[0058] Example 7
[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on any one of embodiments 1 to 6, as detailed below:
[0060] The main frame of the gabion box 1 is formed by electric welding of galvanized low-carbon steel wire. The mesh is made of the same material (galvanized low-carbon steel wire) with a mesh size of 50mm×50mm~50mm×70mm. The mesh is welded to the main frame to form the gabion box 1. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the galvanized low-carbon steel wire used in the main frame is φ6mm, while the outer diameter of the steel wire used in the mesh is φ4mm. Of course, this is just an example, and other sizes are not excluded in actual application. The individual specifications of the gabion box 1 can be 1000mm (length) × 500mm (width) × 1000mm (height). Of course, this is just an example, and other sizes are not excluded in actual application.
[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A water purification type ecological slope, characterized in that, include: A gabion mesh box (1) is placed in the water body and at a distance from the bottom of the slope. The upper end of the gabion mesh box (1) is above the water surface. The space enclosed by the gabion mesh box (1) and the slope is covered with permeable geotextile (2) at the bottom and on the slope. A filler layer (3) is laid on the permeable geotextile (2). Functional microorganisms are added to the filler layer (3). Emergent plants (4) are planted on the filler layer (3). The gabion mesh box (1) is filled with filler material (5). Slow-release carbon source is added to the filler material (5). A mesh partition (6) is arranged between the gabion mesh box (1) and the filler material (5).
2. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler layer (3) is made of zeolite, volcanic rock and sponge iron. The particle size of the zeolite used in the filler layer (3) is 10mm to 80mm, the particle size of the volcanic rock used in the filler layer (3) is 10mm to 80mm, the particle size of the sponge iron used in the filler layer (3) is 10mm to 80mm, and the volume ratio of zeolite, volcanic rock and sponge iron is 3:6.7:0.3 to 6:3.7:0.
3.
3. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler layer (3) is filled with a uniformly distributed water-distributing fiber blanket (7) arranged transversely.
4. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the gabion box (1) is below the filling layer (3), and the lower end of the gabion box (1) is provided with a concrete pad layer (8).
5. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slow-release carbon source is an MDI-modified high-efficiency slow-release carbon source.
6. A water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The particle size of the slow-release carbon source is 20 mm to 80 mm.
7. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 6, characterized in that, Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is added to the filler (5), and the particle size of the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is 20mm to 80mm.
8. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filler (5) is made of crushed stone and zeolite. The particle size of the crushed stone used in the filler (5) is 20mm to 80mm, and the particle size of the zeolite used in the filler (5) is 20mm to 80mm. The volume ratio of crushed stone, zeolite, slow-release carbon source and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis filler is 1:7:0.5:1.5 to 3:5:0.5:1.
5.
9. The water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh partition (6) is made of plastic, and the mesh size of the mesh partition (6) is 10mm×10mm~20mm×20mm.
10. A water purification type ecological slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame of the gabion box (1) is formed by electric welding of galvanized low carbon steel wire, and the mesh is made of steel wire of the same material with a mesh size of 50mm×50mm~50mm×70mm.