Drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions

Abstract

This utility model discloses a drill bit integrating real-time monitoring of pressure, vibration, and temperature. It includes a drill bit body with a drill bit interface threadedly connected to it. Multiple PDC drill bit blades are connected to the drill bit body, and each PDC drill bit blade has multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth welded to it. A nozzle is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades. A rectangular groove is formed on the diameter-protecting surface of each PDC drill bit blade, and a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor are encapsulated within the rectangular groove. This utility model's drill bit integrating real-time monitoring of pressure, vibration, and temperature solves the problem in existing technologies where temperature, vibration, and pressure data cannot be acquired simultaneously, leading to inaccurate judgment of well bottom conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of oil drilling equipment, specifically relating to a vortex-type gradient filtration device for oilfield water injection treatment. Background Technology

[0002] During drilling operations, the drill bit, as a key tool that directly contacts the downhole formation and undertakes the task of rock breaking, is constantly in extremely harsh working conditions. Downhole temperature rises continuously with drilling depth, and the bottom hole temperature in some deep and ultra-deep wells can reach 150-250℃, far exceeding the tolerance limit of ordinary industrial equipment. At the same time, the bottom hole pressure increases synchronously with depth, usually maintaining a high-pressure range of 30-100MPa, posing a severe test to the structural sealing and pressure resistance of the drill bit. In addition, during the high-speed rotation and rock breaking process, the drill bit will generate strong vibrations due to factors such as uneven formation lithology and sudden changes in rock hardness, with vibration frequencies reaching 50-500Hz. Long-term high-frequency vibration will not only accelerate the wear of drill bit components, but may also cause deviation from the drilling trajectory, seriously affecting drilling efficiency and safety.

[0003] However, current drill bit monitoring technologies widely used in the industry have significant limitations, failing to meet the comprehensive monitoring needs under complex drilling conditions. Most existing monitoring solutions focus on single-parameter monitoring; for example, some technologies can only collect bottom-hole temperature data, some only monitor drill bit vibration, and a few pressure-monitoring technologies cannot simultaneously acquire other key parameters. This single-function monitoring mode prevents field engineers from grasping the synergistic changes in multi-dimensional data such as temperature, vibration, and pressure in real time, resulting in fragmented and incomplete assessments of bottom-hole conditions. For instance, when only abnormal vibration is detected, it's impossible to quickly determine whether the increased vibration is due to a decline in drill bit material performance caused by excessively high temperatures, or increased rock-breaking resistance caused by sudden changes in formation pressure. This makes it difficult to formulate accurate and comprehensive drill bit control strategies, potentially leading to excessive drill bit wear, prolonged drilling cycles, and even safety accidents such as stuck drill bits and blowouts. More importantly, the sensor installation methods of existing monitoring modules have significant flaws, further restricting monitoring effectiveness and drill bit lifespan. Currently, sensors are generally mounted directly on the cutting teeth of the drill bit. These cutting teeth, as core components that directly collide and rub against the formation, must withstand enormous impact and shear stress during rock breaking, with instantaneous impact forces reaching 100-500 kN. This mounting method exposes the sensors to high-frequency rock impact and high stress for extended periods, making them highly susceptible to sensor shell cracking, internal component damage, or complete detachment. This leads to data interruption and an inability to continuously provide effective support for drilling operations. Furthermore, the mounting holes created on the cutting teeth for the sensors significantly weaken their mechanical strength. Under prolonged high-load operation, cracks easily form around the mounting holes and propagate, eventually causing the cutting teeth to break. This severely shortens the drill bit's lifespan and increases equipment costs and maintenance frequency for drilling operations. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drill bit that integrates real-time monitoring of pressure, vibration and temperature, solving the problem in the prior art that the inability to simultaneously acquire temperature, vibration and pressure data leads to inaccurate judgment of the well bottom conditions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is a drill bit that integrates real-time monitoring functions of pressure, vibration and temperature. It includes a drill bit body, a drill bit interface threadedly connected to the drill bit body, multiple PDC drill bit blades connected to the drill bit body, multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth welded on each PDC drill bit blade, nozzles threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades, and a rectangular groove opened on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade. A vibration sensor, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are encapsulated in the rectangular groove.

[0006] The feature of this utility model is that,

[0007] The PDC drill bit blade has a wire hole and a composite wire groove in the middle. The vibration sensor, pressure sensor and temperature sensor are connected to a wireless signal transmitter through vibration sensor wire, pressure sensor wire and temperature sensor wire. The vibration sensor, pressure sensor and temperature sensor are also connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle through vibration sensor wire, pressure sensor wire and temperature sensor wire.

[0008] The vibration sensor includes a triaxial accelerometer, a vibration sensor top cover, and a first battery. The triaxial accelerometer has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal, and the vibration sensor top cover is threadedly connected to the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing. The vibration sensor top cover and the PDC drill bit wing cavity enclose each other to form a sealed cavity. The triaxial accelerometer and the first battery are sealed in a rectangular groove.

[0009] A fluororubber ring is provided between the top cover of the vibration sensor and the PDC drill bit blade.

[0010] The pressure sensor includes a top cover, an alloy sealing ring, a damper, a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and a second battery. The piezoelectric pressure sensor has a built-in lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic. The damper is configured in conjunction with the piezoelectric pressure sensor. An alloy sealing ring is provided between the top cover and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing. The top cover, the alloy sealing ring, and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing enclose a sealed cavity. The damper, the piezoelectric pressure sensor, and the battery are sealed in a rectangular groove.

[0011] The temperature sensor includes a temperature sensor top cover, a thermocouple temperature sensor, and a third battery. The temperature sensor top cover and the PDC drill bit temperature sensor top cover and the PDC drill bit cutter wing cavity enclose each other to form a sealed cavity. The thermocouple temperature sensor and the third battery are sealed in a rectangular groove.

[0012] The thermocouple temperature sensor has a temperature measurement range of -50℃ to 400℃.

[0013] The composite cable tray adopts a 304 stainless steel inner PTFE insulation layer structure, and anti-interference twisted pair shielded cable is laid inside the composite cable tray.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] (1) The drill bit provided by this utility model integrates pressure, vibration and temperature real-time monitoring functions, constructs a three-parameter collaborative sensing system of pressure-vibration-temperature, and through the time-domain synchronous correlation analysis of the three parameters, it can identify composite faults such as drill bit stick-slip vibration and mud bagging, effectively eliminating the blind spots that may be caused by single parameter monitoring, and providing more comprehensive and multi-dimensional data support for drill bit status diagnosis.

[0016] (2) The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration and temperature real-time monitoring function provided by this utility model improves the installation position of the three sensors of pressure, vibration and temperature from the cutting teeth to the blade of the PDC drill bit. Through the design of composite groove and hollow cavity inside the blade, the multi-sensor integrated layout is realized, which not only optimizes the installation position of the sensors, reduces the weakening of the external structure, but also improves the impact resistance of the drill bit under complex geological conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit that integrates real-time monitoring functions of pressure, vibration and temperature according to this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of pressure, vibration and temperature sensors on the drill bit body in the drill bit that integrates real-time monitoring functions of pressure, vibration and temperature according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Section A view;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Section B view;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The C-section diagram.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. PDC drill bit body; 2. Drill bit interface; 3. PDC drill bit cutter blade; 4. Nozzle; 5. PDC drill bit cutting teeth; 6. Vibration sensor; 61. Vibration sensor top cover; 62. Triaxial accelerometer; 63. First battery; 64. Vibration sensor wire; 65. Composite wire groove; 66. Wireless signal transmitter; 7. Pressure sensor; 71. Pressure sensor top cover; 72. Alloy sealing ring; 73. Damper; 74. Piezoelectric pressure sensor; 75. Second battery; 76. Pressure sensor wire; 8. Temperature sensor; 81. Temperature sensor top cover; 82. Miniature thermocouple temperature sensor; 83. Third battery; 84. Temperature sensor wire. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] This utility model provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the drill bit includes a drill bit body 1, which is threadedly connected to a drill bit interface 2. Multiple PDC drill bit blades 3 are connected to the drill bit body 1. Each PDC drill bit blade 3 has multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5 welded to it. A nozzle 4 is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades 3. A rectangular groove is formed on the diameter-protecting surface of each PDC drill bit blade 3, and a vibration sensor 6, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 are encapsulated within the rectangular groove. A wire hole and a composite wire groove 65 are formed in the middle of the PDC drill bit blade 3. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are connected to a wireless signal transmitter 66 via vibration sensor wire 64, pressure sensor wire 76, and temperature sensor wire 84. Furthermore, the vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle 4 via vibration sensor wire 64, pressure sensor wire 76, and temperature sensor wire 84. The composite wire groove 65 is constructed of 304 stainless steel lined with a PTFE insulation layer, and an anti-interference twisted-pair shielded cable is laid inside the composite wire groove 65.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the vibration sensor 6 includes a triaxial acceleration sensor 62, a vibration sensor top cover 61, and a first battery 63; the triaxial acceleration sensor 62 has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal, and the vibration sensor top cover 61 is threadedly connected to the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3; the vibration sensor top cover 61 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3 enclose a sealed cavity; the triaxial acceleration sensor 62 and the first battery 63 are sealed in a rectangular groove; a fluororubber ring is provided between the vibration sensor top cover 61 and the PDC drill bit wing 3.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure sensor 7 includes a top cover 71, an alloy sealing ring 72, a damper 73, a piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and a second battery 75. The piezoelectric pressure sensor 74 has a built-in lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic. The damper 73 is configured to cooperate with the piezoelectric pressure sensor 74. An alloy sealing ring 72 is provided between the top cover 71 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3. The top cover 71, the alloy sealing ring 72, and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3 enclose a sealed cavity. The damper 73, the piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and the second battery 75 are sealed in a rectangular groove.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, the temperature sensor 8 includes a temperature sensor top cover 81, a thermocouple temperature sensor 82, and a third battery 83. The temperature sensor top cover 81 and the PDC drill bit temperature sensor top cover 81 and the PDC drill bit blade 3 cavity enclose each other to form a sealed cavity. The thermocouple temperature sensor 82 and the third battery 83 are sealed in a rectangular groove. The temperature measurement range of the thermocouple temperature sensor 82 is -50℃ to 400℃.

[0028] The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration and temperature real-time monitoring functions provided by this utility model works as follows: When the drill bit is working, the cutting teeth 5 of the PDC drill bit cut the formation, and the resulting triaxial vibration is transmitted to the vibration sensor 6 through the cutter blade 3. The contact pressure of the drill bit-rock interface acts on the pressure sensor 7, and the frictional heat and formation heat flow act on the temperature sensor 8 through heat conduction. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 built into the vibration sensor 6 outputs a charge signal proportional to the X / Y / Z axial acceleration based on the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric ceramic element in the pressure sensor 7 generates polarized charge under normal pressure, which is converted into a 0-5V standard voltage signal by the charge amplifier. The nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon thermocouple built into the temperature sensor 8 generates the Seebeck effect and outputs a millivolt-level thermoelectric potential, which is eliminated by the cold junction compensation circuit to eliminate the ambient temperature drift. The multi-channel signal conversion module synchronously acquires three signals, amplifies and low-pass filters them to output a standard voltage signal, then discretizes them through a sample-and-hold circuit, and finally generates a digital signal by an A / D converter. The signal is then transmitted to the ground through a wireless signal transmitter, received by a wireless signal receiver, and transmitted to a computer via a data acquisition card. The computer records the data and determines the drilling conditions based on the data.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit body 1 is threadedly connected to a drill bit interface 2. Multiple PDC drill bit blades 3 are connected to the drill bit body 1. Multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5 are welded to each PDC drill bit blade 3. A nozzle 4 is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades 3. A rectangular groove is opened on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade 3. A vibration sensor 6, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 are encapsulated in the rectangular groove.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a drill bit body 1, a drill bit interface 2 threadedly connected to the drill bit body 1, multiple PDC drill bit blades 3 connected to the drill bit body 1, multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5 welded to each PDC drill bit blade 3, nozzles 4 threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades 3, and a rectangular groove formed on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade 3. A vibration sensor 6, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 are encapsulated within the rectangular groove. Figure 3As shown, the PDC drill bit blade 3 has a wire hole and a composite wire groove 65 in the middle of the blade. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7 and temperature sensor 8 are connected to a wireless signal transmitter 66 through vibration sensor wire 64, pressure sensor wire 76 and temperature sensor wire 84. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7 and temperature sensor 8 are also connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle 4 through vibration sensor wire 64, pressure sensor wire 76 and temperature sensor wire 84.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] This embodiment provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit body 1 is threadedly connected to a drill bit interface 2. Multiple PDC drill bit blades 3 are connected to the drill bit body 1. Multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5 are welded to each PDC drill bit blade 3. A nozzle 4 is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades 3. A rectangular groove is opened on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade 3. A vibration sensor 6, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 are encapsulated in the rectangular groove.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the PDC drill bit blade 3 has a wire hole and a composite wire groove 65 in the middle of the blade. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are connected to a wireless signal transmitter 66 through vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are also connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle 4 through vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. The vibration sensor 6 includes a triaxial acceleration sensor 62, a vibration sensor top cover 61, and a first battery 63. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal. The vibration sensor top cover 61 is threaded to the cavity of the PDC drill bit blade 3. The vibration sensor top cover 61 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit blade 3 enclose a sealed cavity. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 and the first battery 63 are sealed in a rectangular groove. A fluororubber ring is provided between the vibration sensor top cover 61 and the PDC drill bit blade 3.

[0036] Example 4

[0037] This embodiment provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the drill bit body 1 is threadedly connected to a drill bit interface 2. Multiple PDC drill bit blades 3 are connected to the drill bit body 1. Multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5 are welded to each PDC drill bit blade 3. A nozzle 4 is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades 3. A rectangular groove is opened on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade 3. A vibration sensor 6, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 are encapsulated in the rectangular groove.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the PDC drill bit blade 3 has a wire hole and a composite wire groove 65 in the middle of the blade. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are connected to a wireless signal transmitter 66 through vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are also connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle 4 through vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. The vibration sensor 6 includes a triaxial acceleration sensor 62, a vibration sensor top cover 61, and a first battery 63. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal. The vibration sensor top cover 61 is threaded to the cavity of the PDC drill bit blade 3. The vibration sensor top cover 61 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit blade 3 enclose a sealed cavity. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 and the first battery 63 are sealed in a rectangular groove. A fluororubber ring is provided between the vibration sensor top cover 61 and the PDC drill bit blade 3.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure sensor 7 includes a top cover 71, an alloy sealing ring 72, a damper 73, a piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and a second battery 75. The piezoelectric pressure sensor 74 has a built-in lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic. The damper 73 is configured to cooperate with the piezoelectric pressure sensor 74. An alloy sealing ring 72 is provided between the top cover 71 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3. The top cover 71, the alloy sealing ring 72, and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3 enclose a sealed cavity. The damper 73, the piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and the second battery 75 are sealed in a rectangular groove.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] This embodiment provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the drill bit body 1 is threadedly connected to a drill bit interface 2. Multiple PDC drill bit blades 3 are connected to the drill bit body 1. Multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5 are welded to each PDC drill bit blade 3. A nozzle 4 is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades 3. A rectangular groove is opened on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade 3. A vibration sensor 6, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor 8 are encapsulated in the rectangular groove.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the PDC drill bit blade 3 has a wire hole and a composite wire groove 65 in the middle of the blade. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are connected to a wireless signal transmitter 66 through vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are also connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle 4 through vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. The vibration sensor 6 includes a triaxial acceleration sensor 62, a vibration sensor top cover 61, and a first battery 63. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal. The vibration sensor top cover 61 is threaded to the cavity of the PDC drill bit blade 3. The vibration sensor top cover 61 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit blade 3 enclose a sealed cavity. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 and the first battery 63 are sealed in a rectangular groove. A fluororubber ring is provided between the vibration sensor top cover 61 and the PDC drill bit blade 3.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure sensor 7 includes a top cover 71, an alloy sealing ring 72, a damper 73, a piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and a second battery 75. The piezoelectric pressure sensor 74 has a built-in lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic. The damper 73 is configured to cooperate with the piezoelectric pressure sensor 74. An alloy sealing ring 72 is provided between the top cover 71 and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3. The top cover 71, the alloy sealing ring 72, and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing 3 enclose a sealed cavity. The damper 73, the piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and the second battery 75 are sealed in a rectangular groove.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the temperature sensor 8 includes a temperature sensor top cover 81, a thermocouple temperature sensor 82, and a third battery 83. The temperature sensor top cover 81 and the PDC drill bit temperature sensor top cover 81 and the PDC drill bit blade 3 cavity enclose each other to form a sealed cavity. The thermocouple temperature sensor 82 and the third battery 83 are sealed in a rectangular groove. The temperature measurement range of the thermocouple temperature sensor 82 is -50℃ to 400℃.

[0045] Example 6

[0046] This utility model provides a drill bit with integrated real-time monitoring functions for pressure, vibration, and temperature, such as... Figure 1-5As shown, it mainly consists of a PDC drill bit body 1 and a drill bit interface 2 connected to the screw at the top. The PDC drill bit body 1 has multiple evenly distributed PDC drill bit blades 3, each equipped with multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth 5. Multiple nozzles 4 are located between adjacent blades. A rectangular groove array with a depth of 12±0.2mm is formed at the diameter protection surface of the blades through machining. A vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are modularly packaged into the grooves. A through-hole is provided in the middle of the blade, serving as a wire guide. The vibration sensor 6, pressure sensor 7, and temperature sensor 8 are connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle via vibration sensor wires 64, pressure sensor wires 76, and temperature sensor wires 84. It is also connected to a wireless signal transmitting device 66 via a composite wire guide 65. The monitoring device consists of a triaxial acceleration sensor 62, a piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and a miniature thermocouple temperature sensor 82. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal and can simultaneously measure X / Y / Z triaxial acceleration. The vibration sensor top cover 61 is sealed with a fluororubber ring and locked into the hollow cavity of the blade wing with threads to achieve IP68 protection. The triaxial acceleration sensor 62 and the first battery 63 are sealed in the groove, supporting differential signal transmission, resisting electromagnetic interference, and operating at a temperature of -40℃ to 150℃. The piezoelectric pressure sensor 74 has a built-in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramic and achieves 10kHz high-frequency impact attenuation through the damper 73. The cavity is filled with high-temperature silicone grease to enhance thermal shock resistance. An alloy sealing ring 72 is installed between the top cover 71 and the cavity, with a static pressure resistance of 120MPa. The damper 73, piezoelectric pressure sensor 74, and second battery 75 are sealed in the groove. Signal transmission uses a double-shielded coaxial cable. The thermocouple temperature sensor 82 is made of K-type nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon material, with a temperature measurement range of -50℃ to 400℃. The surface of the temperature sensor top cover 81 is coated with a 0.8mm thick Al2O3-ZrO2 composite high-temperature resistant coating, which can withstand short-term high-temperature impacts of 500℃. It is locked to the hollow cavity of the blade wing by threads, sealing the miniature thermocouple temperature sensor 82 and the third battery 83 in the groove, and outputting a millivolt-level linear voltage signal. Each sensing unit uses an independent power module, which is a hybrid power supply consisting of an ER26500 lithium-ion battery and a supercapacitor connected in parallel, enabling continuous operation for 320 hours. The composite guide tube 65 adopts a 304 stainless steel PTFE insulation layer structure, with anti-interference twisted-pair shielded cable laid inside. It is connected to the wireless signal transmitter 66 through the Φ6mm hollow channel of the drill bit body. The signals from the three sensors are processed by the multi-channel signal conversion module in the wireless signal transmitter 66, which integrates charge amplification, low-pass filtering and 24-bit A / D conversion, and then transmitted to the ground system in real time via LoRa / 4G wireless protocol. The ground area of ​​the well site is equipped with a matching wireless signal receiver, data acquisition card and computer.

Claims

1. A drill bit integrating real-time monitoring functions of pressure, vibration, and temperature, characterized in that, The drill bit body (1) is threadedly connected to a drill bit interface (2). Multiple PDC drill bit blades (3) are connected to the drill bit body (1). Multiple PDC drill bit cutting teeth (5) are welded to each PDC drill bit blade (3). A nozzle (4) is threadedly connected between adjacent PDC drill bit blades (3). A rectangular groove is provided on the diameter protection surface of each PDC drill bit blade (3). A vibration sensor (6), a pressure sensor (7), and a temperature sensor (8) are encapsulated in the rectangular groove.

2. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PDC drill bit blade (3) has a wire hole and a composite wire groove (65) in the middle of the blade. The vibration sensor (6), pressure sensor (7) and temperature sensor (8) are connected to a wireless signal transmitter (66) through vibration sensor wire (64), pressure sensor wire (76) and temperature sensor wire (84). The vibration sensor (6), pressure sensor (7) and temperature sensor (8) are connected to the hollow cavity inside the nozzle (4) through vibration sensor wire (64), pressure sensor wire (76) and temperature sensor wire (84).

3. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration sensor (6) includes a triaxial acceleration sensor (62), a vibration sensor top cover (61), and a first battery (63); the triaxial acceleration sensor (62) has a built-in quartz piezoelectric crystal, and the vibration sensor top cover (61) is threaded to the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing (3); the vibration sensor top cover (61) and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing (3) enclose a sealed cavity; the triaxial acceleration sensor (62) and the first battery (63) are sealed in a rectangular groove.

4. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fluororubber ring is provided between the top cover (61) of the vibration sensor and the PDC drill bit blade (3).

5. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (7) includes a top cover (71), an alloy sealing ring (72), a damper (73), a piezoelectric pressure sensor (74), and a second battery (75); the piezoelectric pressure sensor (74) has a built-in lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic; the damper (73) is configured in conjunction with the piezoelectric pressure sensor (74), and an alloy sealing ring (72) is provided between the top cover (71) and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing (3). The top cover (71), the alloy sealing ring (72), and the cavity of the PDC drill bit wing (3) enclose a sealed cavity, and the damper (73), the piezoelectric pressure sensor (74), and the battery (75) are sealed in a rectangular groove.

6. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (8) includes a temperature sensor top cover (81), a thermocouple temperature sensor (82), and a third battery (83). The temperature sensor top cover (81) and the PDC drill bit cutter wing (3) cavity form a sealed cavity. The thermocouple temperature sensor (82) and the third battery (83) are sealed in a rectangular groove.

7. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thermocouple temperature sensor (82) has a temperature measurement range of -50℃ to 400℃.

8. The drill bit with integrated pressure, vibration, and temperature real-time monitoring functions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The composite conductor trough (65) adopts a 304 stainless steel inner PTFE insulation layer structure, and anti-interference twisted pair shielded wire is laid inside the composite conductor trough (65).

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