An energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of energy storage systems based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage, including gravity potential energy storage component and compressed air potential energy storage component;The gravity potential energy storage component is arranged in the working channel of the compressed air potential energy storage component, and is used to store gravity potential energy, and the gravity potential energy storage component is respectively connected with motor assembly and generator assembly;The compressed air potential energy storage component is used to store compressed air potential energy, and the compressed air potential energy storage component is respectively connected with expansion turbine assembly, compression component, the expansion turbine assembly is connected with the generator assembly, and the compression component is connected with the motor assembly.The application utilizes the existing shaft or inclined shaft of compressed air energy storage system to carry out gravity energy storage, reduces the cost of separately constructing gravity energy storage facility, optimizes the shaft or inclined shaft of compressed air energy storage artificial chamber and other supporting civil engineering investment, and improves capital efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage technology is a large-capacity, long-term physical energy storage technology that is being vigorously developed and promoted in China. However, due to the high investment cost of ground storage tanks and the limited number of available salt caverns, the use of artificial chambers as high-pressure air storage containers has become the main solution for compressed air energy storage system projects under construction and planned.

[0003] However, the civil engineering costs of using artificial chambers for compressed air energy storage are relatively high, and it involves many supporting civil engineering works for the chambers, increasing the overall investment of the project. In addition, due to the ever-increasing requirements for compressed air storage efficiency, the required gas storage pressure for artificial chambers is constantly increasing with the continuous improvement of equipment such as compression, expansion, and heat exchange.

[0004] For the reasons mentioned above, the burial depth of artificial gas storage chambers may continue to increase. The construction of deeply buried artificial chambers requires the construction of vertical or inclined shafts as the construction passage for the main chamber. The increase in the burial depth of the gas storage chambers will increase the investment in vertical or inclined shafts, thereby increasing the overall investment in the pressure storage project. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage, including a gravity potential energy storage component and a compressed air potential energy storage component, wherein the compressed air potential energy storage component includes a working channel communicating with an artificial chamber.

[0006] The gravitational potential energy storage component is located in the working channel and is used to store gravitational potential energy. The gravitational potential energy storage component is connected to the motor assembly and the generator assembly respectively.

[0007] The compressed air potential energy storage component is used to store compressed air potential energy. The compressed air potential energy storage component is connected to the expansion turbine component and the compression component respectively. The expansion turbine component is connected to the generator component and the compression component is connected to the electric motor component.

[0008] When the artificial chamber is in the energy storage stage, electrical energy is converted into compressed air potential energy through the motor assembly and the compression assembly, and stored in the compressed air potential energy storage assembly. The electrical energy is also converted into gravitational potential energy through the motor assembly and the gravitational potential energy storage assembly, and stored in the working channel.

[0009] When the artificial chamber is in the power generation stage, the compressed air potential is converted into electrical energy through the expansion turbine assembly and the generator assembly, and the gravitational potential energy is also converted into electrical energy through the gravitational potential energy storage assembly and the generator assembly.

[0010] As an optional embodiment, the gravitational potential energy storage component includes:

[0011] Multiple counterweights are disposed within the working channel;

[0012] A lifting device is connected to the motor assembly and the counterweight respectively, and the motor assembly drives the counterweight to move along the working channel;

[0013] An output device, connected to the generator assembly, is used to convert the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

[0014] As an optional embodiment, the artificial chamber is connected to the working passage via a roadway, which is a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft.

[0015] As an optional embodiment, the working passage includes an auxiliary functional area, which includes a pipeline layout area, a maintenance staircase area, and a material transportation area that are separated by a series of partitions.

[0016] As an optional embodiment, the working channel further includes a gravity energy storage area located on one side of the auxiliary functional area, and the counterweight and the lifting device are located within the gravity energy storage area.

[0017] As an optional embodiment, the energy storage system further includes:

[0018] A heat exchange component, disposed between the compression component and the expansion turbine component, is used to recover and store the heat energy generated by the compression component when the artificial chamber is in the energy storage stage, and to provide heat energy for the compressed gas driving the expansion turbine component when the artificial chamber is in the energy release stage.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0020] This application utilizes existing vertical or inclined shafts of compressed air energy storage systems for gravity energy storage, reducing the cost of constructing separate gravity energy storage facilities and optimizing investment in supporting civil engineering works such as vertical or inclined shafts for compressed air energy storage chambers, thus improving cost efficiency. Simultaneously, combining these two power generation systems reduces investment in power generation equipment and improves the overall economics of the compressed air energy storage project. Furthermore, by fully utilizing underground space and different forms of energy storage, gravity energy storage can respond more quickly to changes in electricity demand during power generation.

[0021] This energy storage system can flexibly adjust the utilization mode of vertical or inclined shafts and the combination ratio of the two energy storage modes according to the energy storage volume and the conditions of the underground surrounding rock in different scenarios, thereby enhancing the applicability of the energy storage system in different regions and scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the functional area division of the working passage (shaft) according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Among them, 1. Artificial chamber; 2. Working passage; 21. Initial support of the shaft; 22. Secondary lining structure of the shaft; 23. Pipeline layout area; 24. Maintenance staircase area; 25. Material transportation area; 26. Gravity energy storage area; 3. Roadway; 41. Counterweight; 42. Hoisting device. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Various embodiments and features of this application are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that various modifications can be made to the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the foregoing description should not be considered limiting, but merely as examples of embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of this application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The accompanying drawings, which are included in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of this application and, together with the general description of the application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of this application. These and other features of this application will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiments given as non-limiting examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should also be understood that although this application has been described with reference to some specific examples, many other equivalent forms of this application can be definitively implemented by those skilled in the art. The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of this application will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in view of the following detailed description. Specific embodiments of this application are described thereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it should be understood that the claimed embodiments are merely examples of this application, which can be implemented in various ways. Well-known and / or repeated functions and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary or redundant details that would obscure the application. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details described herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely to serve as the basis and representative basis for the claims to teach those skilled in the art to use this application in a variety of substantially any suitable detailed structures.

[0030] This specification may use the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in another embodiment,” “in yet another embodiment,” or “in other embodiments,” all of which may refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to this application. Example 1

[0031] An energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage is provided in this application embodiment, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the system includes a gravitational potential energy storage component and a compressed air potential energy storage component. The compressed air potential energy storage component includes an artificial chamber 1 and a working passage 2 communicating with the artificial chamber 1. The artificial chamber 1 is a cave space excavated underground, used to install the energy storage system's related structures and equipment. It can be an artificial chamber formed by excavating and implementing an underground chamber according to the needs of compressed air energy storage, or it can be an artificial chamber formed by modifying a cavity left after underground mining. During the construction of the underground artificial chamber, vertical shafts or inclined shafts are generally required as important transportation channels during construction.

[0032] The gravitational potential energy storage component is located in the working channel 2 (e.g., a vertical shaft) and is used to store gravitational potential energy. The gravitational potential energy storage component is connected to the motor assembly and the generator assembly respectively.

[0033] The electric motor assembly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, providing power to the compression assembly and the counterweights in the gravitational potential energy storage assembly. Specifically, during the charging (energy storage) phase of the energy storage system, the electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the compressor, which is ultimately converted into compressed air potential energy for storage. The electric motor mainly consists of a stator, rotor, bearings, and a cooling system, and the types of electric motors include asynchronous motors, synchronous motors, and permanent magnet synchronous motors.

[0034] In this system, the generator assembly converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, playing a crucial role in the power generation phase of the energy storage system. This is commonly found in generators at power plants. Specifically, the generator assembly is used to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy under the drive of the expansion turbine assembly and / or the gravitational potential energy storage assembly. During the power generation (energy release) phase of a compressed air energy storage power station, the generator converts the mechanical energy provided by the expansion turbine assembly into electrical energy. The basic principle, main components, and types of generators are similar to those of electric motors; in some cases, they can even be designed as a single device to reduce engineering investment.

[0035] The gravitational potential energy storage component is used to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and store it under the drive of the electric motor component. Specifically, the gravitational potential energy storage component is an energy storage technology that stores gravitational potential energy by lifting a heavy object. In the energy storage stage, the electric motor drives the lifting device to lift the heavy object to a certain height to store the gravitational potential energy. In the energy release stage, the falling of the heavy object drives a generator to generate electricity. That is, the lifting and falling of the heavy object is achieved through a mechanical structure, thus completing the storage and release of energy. The gravitational potential energy storage component mainly consists of a lifting device, a power generation system, a counterweight, a counterweight storage area, and an elevation difference environment.

[0036] The compressed air potential energy storage component is used to store compressed air potential energy. The compressed air potential energy storage component is connected to the expansion turbine component and the compression component respectively. The expansion turbine component is connected to the generator component, and the compression component is connected to the motor component.

[0037] The expandable turbine assembly utilizes the energy generated by the expansion of compressed air to drive rotation, thereby powering the generator assembly to generate electricity. Specifically, the expandable turbine assembly mainly consists of an expander, which is responsible for converting the energy of high-pressure air (compressed air potential energy) into mechanical energy in the energy storage system, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity. The expandable turbine assembly is a highly integrated precision device, mainly classified into axial flow turbines and centripetal turbines, etc., and its core system mainly consists of an expander, a heat exchange system, an intake regulation system, a bearing and sealing system, a lubrication system, and a control system.

[0038] In this system, the compression assembly compresses air during the energy storage phase, increasing air pressure to store energy. It is connected to an electric motor assembly, such as an air compressor. Specifically, the compression assembly consists of a compressor and is the core device in the energy storage phase of the system. Driven by an electric motor, it compresses air, converting electrical energy into the potential energy of compressed air. Compressors have complex structures and are mainly classified into centrifugal, axial, reciprocating, and screw compressors. Their core systems mainly consist of core compression components, sealing systems, cooling systems, drive and transmission systems, and auxiliary systems.

[0039] When the artificial chamber 1 is in the energy storage stage, electrical energy is converted into compressed air potential energy through the motor assembly and the compression assembly, and stored in the compressed air potential energy storage assembly. The electrical energy is also converted into gravitational potential energy through the motor assembly and the gravitational potential energy storage assembly, and stored in the working channel 2.

[0040] When the artificial chamber 1 is in the power generation stage, the compressed air potential is converted into electrical energy through the expansion turbine assembly and the generator assembly, and the gravitational potential energy is also converted into electrical energy through the gravitational potential energy storage assembly and the generator assembly.

[0041] During the energy storage phase, the electric motor assembly drives the compression assembly to compress air, and electrical energy is converted into compressed air potential energy and stored in the compressed air potential energy storage assembly; at the same time, the electric motor assembly drives the gravitational potential energy storage assembly to convert electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and store it in the working channel 2.

[0042] During the power generation stage, compressed air flows out from the compressed air potential energy storage component, driving the expansion turbine component to rotate and driving the generator component to generate electricity; the gravitational potential energy storage component releases gravitational potential energy, which also drives the generator component to generate electricity.

[0043] For example, in a large-scale underground energy storage project, a vertical shaft serves as the working passage 2 within an underground artificial chamber 1. During energy storage, an electric compressor compresses air into a storage tank, while a motor drives a lift to raise a heavy object within the shaft to store gravitational potential energy. During power generation, the storage tank releases compressed air to power a turbine, and the falling weight within the shaft also drives a generator to produce electricity.

[0044] This application improves the energy density and stability of the energy storage system by combining two energy storage methods; it stores energy during off-peak hours and releases it during peak hours to balance the grid load; and it utilizes underground space to reduce the occupation of ground space.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the gravitational potential energy storage component includes multiple counterweights 41, a lifting device 42, and an output device.

[0046] Multiple counterweights 41 are disposed in the working channel 2. Each counterweight 41 has a certain mass and stores and releases gravitational potential energy in the gravitational potential energy storage component by lifting and lowering, such as the counterweight block used in large building construction.

[0047] The lifting device 42 is connected to the motor assembly and the counterweight 41 respectively, so that the motor assembly drives the counterweight 41 to move along the working channel 2. The lifting device 42, driven by the motor assembly, lifts the counterweight 41 to store gravitational potential energy, such as the lifting mechanism of a crane.

[0048] The output device is connected to the generator assembly and is used to convert the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy. The output device is a component that converts gravitational potential energy into mechanical energy and transmits it to the generator assembly, such as the transmission device connecting the counterweight 41 and the generator. The output device can be installed within the energy storage plant area.

[0049] In this application, the electric motor assembly drives the lifting device 42 to lift multiple counterweights 41 along the working channel 2, converting electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of the counterweights 41 and storing it. During power generation, the counterweights 41 fall, converting the gravitational potential energy into mechanical energy through the output device, driving the generator assembly to generate electricity.

[0050] For example, in a newly constructed compressed air energy storage project, the artificial chamber 1 uses a vertical shaft as the working passage 2, inside which multiple concrete counterweights are placed as counterweights 41. An electric winch serves as the lifting device 42, raising the counterweights to a higher position. When generating electricity, the counterweights fall and are connected to the generator via steel wire ropes and pulley systems, driving the generator to generate electricity.

[0051] This application clarifies the composition of the gravitational potential energy storage component, making the realization of gravity energy storage more specific and efficient; multiple counterweights 41 can flexibly adjust the energy storage scale to adapt to different needs.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the artificial chamber 1 is connected to the working passage 2 via a roadway 3, and the working passage 2 is a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft.

[0053] In this embodiment, tunnel 3 is an underground passage connecting the artificial chamber 1 and the working passage 2, used for personnel, equipment passage, and material transportation. A vertical shaft is a passage excavated perpendicular to the ground; when used as the working passage 2, it is used to install equipment such as gravitational potential energy storage components. An inclined shaft is a passage excavated at a certain angle to the ground and can also serve as the working passage 2.

[0054] In application of this invention, during the construction of the artificial chamber 1 and the operation of the energy storage system, personnel, equipment, and materials travel between the artificial chamber 1 and the working passage 2 (vertical or inclined shaft) via the roadway 3. During energy storage and power generation, the counterweight 41 rises and falls within the vertical or inclined shaft, and compressed air flows between relevant components, all relying on the roadway 3 for connection and transition.

[0055] This application provides a connection method between the artificial chamber 1 and the working passage 2, which facilitates construction and equipment installation and maintenance; the vertical shaft or inclined shaft serves as the working passage 2 to adapt to different geological conditions and project requirements.

[0056] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the working channel 2 includes a primary shaft support 21 and a secondary shaft lining structure 22, with the inner peripheral wall of the primary shaft support 21 connected to the outer peripheral wall of the secondary shaft lining structure 22.

[0057] When this application is applied, during the construction of the vertical shaft of the artificial chamber 1, the initial support 21 of the vertical shaft is constructed first to initially reinforce the surrounding rock of the vertical shaft; then the secondary lining structure 22 of the vertical shaft is constructed on the inner circumferential wall of the initial support 21 to form a more stable support system and ensure the safety of the vertical shaft during the long-term operation of the energy storage system.

[0058] This application enhances the stability and safety of the shaft, protects the equipment and personnel inside the shaft, extends the service life of the shaft, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0059] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the working passage 2 includes an auxiliary functional area, which includes a pipeline layout area 23, a maintenance staircase area 24, and a material transportation area 25, which are separated by a series of partitions.

[0060] In this embodiment, the auxiliary functional area is the area within the artificial chamber 1 that provides auxiliary services to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system.

[0061] The pipeline layout area 23 is used to lay various pipelines, such as compressed air delivery pipelines and cooling water pipes, to ensure the transmission of materials and energy within the system, similar to the pipeline cable tray area in a factory workshop. The maintenance staircase area 24 is equipped with maintenance staircases to facilitate the inspection, repair, and maintenance of the energy storage system equipment by staff, similar to a stairwell in a high-rise building. The material transportation area 25 is used to transport and store materials required for construction and operation, like a cargo transportation channel in a warehouse.

[0062] When this application is applied, during the operation of the energy storage system, the pipelines in the pipeline layout area 23 are responsible for transporting compressed air, etc.; maintenance personnel can reach the location of each equipment through the maintenance staircase area 24 for maintenance; and the material transportation area 25 is used for loading, unloading and transferring equipment, materials and other materials.

[0063] This application optimizes the spatial layout within the artificial chamber 1, improves the operation and maintenance efficiency of the energy storage system, ensures the normal operation of all parts of the system, and guarantees the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0064] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the working channel 2 also includes a gravity energy storage area 26 located on one side of the auxiliary functional area, and the counterweight 41 and the lifting device 42 are located in the gravity energy storage area 26.

[0065] In this embodiment, the gravity energy storage area 26 is a region specifically used for arranging equipment related to the gravity potential energy storage component.

[0066] In application, the gravity energy storage area 26 is equipped with a lifting device 42 and multiple counterweights 41. The lifting device 42 lifts the counterweights 41 under the drive of the motor assembly to store gravitational potential energy. When generating electricity, the counterweights 41 fall and transfer the gravitational potential energy to the generator assembly for power generation through the output device within the gravity energy storage area 26.

[0067] This application proposes a centralized arrangement of gravity energy storage equipment, which facilitates equipment management and maintenance, reduces interference between equipment, and improves the efficiency and safety of gravity energy storage.

[0068] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the generator assembly and the motor assembly are connected to the power grid, and a heat exchange assembly is also provided between the compression assembly and the expansion turbine assembly. The heat exchange assembly is used to recover and store the heat energy generated by the compression assembly when the artificial chamber 1 is in the energy storage stage, and to provide heat energy for the compressed gas driving the expansion turbine assembly when the artificial chamber 1 is in the energy release stage.

[0069] In this embodiment, the power grid is an electrical network connecting the generator assembly and the motor assembly, enabling the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. The heat exchange assembly, located between the compression assembly and the expansion turbine assembly, is a device used for heat exchange, improving the system's energy utilization efficiency.

[0070] In application, during the energy storage phase, the motor assembly obtains electrical energy from the grid to drive the compression assembly to compress air, and the heat generated during the compression process is carried away by the heat exchange assembly. During the power generation phase, the expansion turbine assembly converts the energy of the compressed air into mechanical energy to drive the generator assembly to generate electricity, which is then transmitted to the grid. Simultaneously, the heat exchange assembly recovers waste heat from the expansion process, improving system efficiency.

[0071] For example, in a large-scale energy storage system, generator and motor assemblies are connected to the power grid via cables through a substation. A plate heat exchanger is installed between the compression and expansion turbine assemblies as a heat exchange component. During energy storage, the motor drives the compressor to compress air, and the heat exchanger cools the compressed air; during power generation, the expansion turbine generates electricity, and the heat exchanger recovers waste heat, improving energy utilization efficiency. This application enables interaction between the energy storage system and the power grid, improving the overall efficiency of energy utilization.

[0072] In summary, the specific process of applying this application is as follows:

[0073] 1-Energy Storage Stage: Electrical energy is transmitted to the motor assembly via the power grid. The motor assembly drives the compression assembly to compress air, converting electrical energy into compressed air potential energy. The compressed air is stored in the compressed air potential energy storage assembly located in the artificial chamber 1. On the other hand, the motor assembly drives the lifting device 42. The lifting device 42 is located in the gravity energy storage area 26 of the artificial chamber 1 and is connected to the gravity potential energy storage assembly. Driven by the motor, the lifting device 42 lifts multiple counterweights 41 in the working channel 2 (vertical shaft or inclined shaft), enabling the counterweights 41 to acquire gravitational potential energy, realizing the conversion of electrical energy into gravitational potential energy and storing it in the working channel 2.

[0074] During this process, the heat generated by the compressed air by the compression component is processed through the heat exchange component between it and the expansion turbine component, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency. The pipe layout area 23 in the auxiliary functional area of ​​the artificial chamber 1 is responsible for laying the pipes related to compressed air transmission, ensuring that the compressed air can smoothly enter the compressed air potential energy storage component.

[0075] 2. Power Generation Stage: Compressed air stored in the compressed air potential energy storage component enters the expansion turbine component. The compressed air drives the expansion turbine component, converting the compressed air potential energy into mechanical energy. Simultaneously, the counterweight 41 in the working channel 2 falls, and its gravitational potential energy is transferred through the output device, driving the generator component to generate electricity together with the mechanical energy generated by the expansion turbine component. The generated electricity is then connected to the power grid for transmission and distribution after passing through a booster station.

[0076] Throughout the process, the initial support 21 and secondary lining structure 22 of the artificial chamber 1 ensure the stability and safety of the shaft; the maintenance staircase area 24 of the auxiliary functional area provides maintenance access for staff, and the material transportation area 25 is responsible for the transportation of equipment and materials to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system. Example 2

[0077] This application also provides an energy storage system control method, applied to the aforementioned energy storage system, the control method comprising:

[0078] Obtain the power generation and start-up time of the compressed air energy storage component.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the compressed air energy storage component converts the stored compressed air energy into electrical energy for power supply, the amount of electrical energy output per unit time under full load is the power generation power, which is usually measured in megawatts (MW).

[0080] Start-up time refers to the time elapsed from when the system receives the start-up command until it is able to stably output electrical energy to the outside world.

[0081] Generally, the start-up time of a compressed air energy storage system is between a few minutes and a dozen minutes, and it is affected by a variety of factors, including the system's design (such as the model and layout of the equipment), the current operating status (such as whether it is in optimal working condition), the condition of the equipment itself (whether there are faults or aging), and the control strategy adopted (how to control the release of compressed air).

[0082] Therefore, these two key parameters enable the design and planning of the corresponding gravitational potential energy storage components. For example, a compressed air energy storage component is designed with a power generation capacity of 60MW, and based on actual testing or system settings, its start-up time is 10 minutes.

[0083] Based on the power generation capacity and the start-up time, the power generation capacity and power output of the gravitational potential energy storage component are determined.

[0084] In this embodiment, since the compressed air energy storage component cannot immediately output electrical energy during the startup process, while the gravity energy storage startup time is relatively short, gravity energy storage can be used to provide the power required during the startup period of the compressed air energy storage component.

[0085] Based on the obtained power generation and start-up time of the compressed air energy storage component, the power generation and output of the gravitational potential energy storage component during this period are determined.

[0086] Because during the startup phase of compressed air energy storage, it is necessary to ensure a stable overall power supply for the system, the power generation capacity of the gravitational potential energy storage component must usually be equal to the designed power generation capacity of the compressed air energy storage component.

[0087] The power generation is calculated by multiplying the power output of the gravitational potential energy storage module by the startup time of the compressed air energy storage. For example, if the compressed air energy storage capacity mentioned earlier is 60MW and the startup time is 10 minutes (equivalent to 10 / 60 = 1 / 6 hour), then the required power output for gravity energy storage is 60MW, and the power generation will be 60MW. MW ×1 / 6 h =10 MWhThis calculation clarifies the amount of power generation the gravitational potential energy storage component needs to undertake during the start-up phase of compressed air energy storage.

[0088] Based on the power generation and the amount of electricity generated, the operating parameters of the gravitational potential energy storage component are adjusted.

[0089] In this embodiment, after determining the power generation capacity and output of the gravitational potential energy storage component, in order to enable the gravitational potential energy storage component to output the required power stably and efficiently, it is necessary to adjust its operating parameters according to these parameters.

[0090] Operating parameters include, but are not limited to, adjusting the relevant physical parameters of the counterweight in the gravitational potential energy storage component (such as the mass of the counterweight, the speed of lifting or lowering, etc.), as well as some parameters during operation (such as the working mode and control strategy of the energy conversion device, etc.).

[0091] For example, if the calculated power generation is large, it may be necessary to increase the mass of the counterweight or increase the speed at which the counterweight descends to increase the release of gravitational potential energy, thereby meeting the power generation requirements. If the power generation is insufficient, it may be necessary to increase the number of counterweights or optimize the operating mode of the energy conversion device to improve energy conversion efficiency.

[0092] By properly adjusting these operating parameters, the gravitational potential energy storage component can accurately provide the required power during the compressed air energy storage startup phase, thereby enabling the entire energy storage system to have a good response speed and provide energy quickly and stably when needed.

[0093] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage, characterized in that, It includes a gravitational potential energy storage component and a compressed air potential energy storage component, wherein the compressed air potential energy storage component includes a working channel communicating with the artificial chamber; The gravitational potential energy storage component is located in the working channel and is used to store gravitational potential energy. The gravitational potential energy storage component is connected to the motor assembly and the generator assembly respectively. The compressed air potential energy storage component is used to store compressed air potential energy. The compressed air potential energy storage component is connected to the expansion turbine component and the compression component respectively. The expansion turbine component is connected to the generator component and the compression component is connected to the electric motor component. When the artificial chamber is in the energy storage stage, electrical energy is converted into compressed air potential energy through the motor assembly and the compression assembly, and stored in the compressed air potential energy storage assembly. The electrical energy is also converted into gravitational potential energy through the motor assembly and the gravitational potential energy storage assembly, and stored in the working channel. When the artificial chamber is in the power generation stage, the compressed air potential is converted into electrical energy through the expansion turbine assembly and the generator assembly, and the gravitational potential energy is also converted into electrical energy through the gravitational potential energy storage assembly and the generator assembly.

2. The energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gravitational potential energy storage component includes: Multiple counterweights are disposed within the working channel; A lifting device is connected to the motor assembly and the counterweight respectively, and the motor assembly drives the counterweight to move along the working channel; An output device, connected to the generator assembly, is used to convert the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy.

3. The energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The artificial chamber is connected to the working passage via a roadway, which is a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft.

4. The energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The working passage includes an auxiliary functional area, which includes a pipeline layout area, a maintenance staircase area, and a material transportation area that are separated by a series of partitions.

5. The energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The working channel also includes a gravity energy storage area located on one side of the auxiliary functional area, and the counterweight and the lifting device are located in the gravity energy storage area.

6. The energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage and gravity energy storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes: A heat exchange component, disposed between the compression component and the expansion turbine component, is used to recover and store the heat energy generated by the compression component when the artificial chamber is in the energy storage stage, and to provide heat energy for the compressed gas driving the expansion turbine component when the artificial chamber is in the energy release stage.

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