Photovoltaic module and encapsulation components thereof

Abstract

This utility model relates to a photovoltaic module and its encapsulation component. The encapsulation component includes a transparent substrate and an optical functional layer; the optical functional layer covers a local area of ​​the transparent substrate and includes a light conversion layer capable of converting visible light into infrared light. The optical functional layer is located at the gaps between adjacent cells and / or at the edge gaps of the module. When sunlight enters from the encapsulation component, in areas where the light conversion layer is not present, sunlight passes through the transparent substrate and illuminates the cells within the module. In areas where the light conversion layer is present, some of the incident visible light and visible light reflected from within the module are absorbed by the light conversion layer and converted into infrared light, which then illuminates the cells and is absorbed and utilized by the cells to convert into electrical energy, reducing light energy loss and improving light energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and its packaging components. Background Technology

[0002] The encapsulation material of photovoltaic modules is generally made of high-transmittance glass or other materials. The high-transmittance encapsulation material cannot reflect the light from the gaps between adjacent cells and the gaps at the edge of the module back to the cells, resulting in a large loss of light energy. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module and its encapsulation components to reduce light energy loss.

[0004] The first aspect of this utility model is to provide a packaging component for a photovoltaic module, the solution of which is as follows:

[0005] An encapsulation component for a photovoltaic module includes a transparent substrate and an optical functional layer; the optical functional layer covers a local area of ​​the transparent substrate, and the optical functional layer includes a light conversion layer capable of converting visible light into infrared light.

[0006] In some embodiments, the optical functional layer further includes a reflective layer disposed between the light conversion layer and the transparent substrate, the reflective layer comprising a resin matrix and pearlescent powder dispersed in the resin matrix.

[0007] In some embodiments, the thickness of the light conversion layer is 150 μm to 230 μm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the thickness of the reflective layer is 200 μm to 300 μm.

[0009] In some embodiments, the optical functional layer is a strip structure distributed on the transparent substrate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the optical functional layers are distributed in a mesh pattern.

[0011] In some embodiments, the optical functional layer includes an annular portion disposed along the edge of the transparent substrate and a grid portion crisscrossed within the annular portion.

[0012] The second aspect of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module, the solution of which is as follows:

[0013] A photovoltaic module includes a first encapsulation mechanism, a second encapsulation mechanism, and a plurality of solar cells, wherein the solar cells are located between the first encapsulation mechanism and the second encapsulation mechanism, and the first encapsulation mechanism and / or the second encapsulation mechanism includes the encapsulation component described in any of the above embodiments.

[0014] In some embodiments, the optical functional layer is located at the seam between adjacent solar cells and / or at the edge of the transparent substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the optical functional layer is located on the side of the transparent substrate facing the battery cell.

[0016] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a first encapsulating film and / or a second encapsulating film, wherein the first encapsulating film is disposed between the first encapsulation mechanism and the solar cell, and the second encapsulating film is disposed between the second encapsulation mechanism and the solar cell.

[0017] Compared with traditional technologies, the above-mentioned photovoltaic modules and their encapsulation components have the following advantages:

[0018] The aforementioned encapsulation components are used as encapsulation members on the front or back of photovoltaic modules. The optical functional layer is positioned at the gaps between adjacent cells and / or at the module's edge gaps. When sunlight enters from the encapsulation components, in areas where the light conversion layer is not present, sunlight passes through the transparent substrate and illuminates the cells within the module. In areas where the light conversion layer is present, a portion of the incident visible light and visible light reflected from within the module is absorbed by the light conversion layer and converted into infrared light, which then illuminates the cells. This infrared light is then absorbed and utilized by the cells to convert into electrical energy, reducing light energy loss and improving light energy utilization efficiency.

[0019] The photovoltaic modules described above include the encapsulation components described in any of the above embodiments, and therefore have the corresponding technical features and can obtain the corresponding beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a packaging component according to one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the packaged component shown;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 100. Encapsulation component; 120. Optical functional layer; 121. Light conversion layer; 122. Reflective layer; 1202. Ring portion; 1204. Mesh portion; 20. Photovoltaic module; 21. First encapsulation mechanism; 22. Second encapsulation mechanism; 23. Solar cell; 24. First encapsulant film; 25. Second encapsulant film. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] This utility model provides a packaging component for a photovoltaic module.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one embodiment of the packaging component 100 includes a transparent substrate and an optical functional layer 120. The optical functional layer 120 includes a light conversion layer 121 covering a localized area of ​​the transparent substrate. The optical functional layer 120 includes a light conversion layer 121 capable of converting visible light into infrared light.

[0032] The visible light can be any wavelength range within the range of 380nm to 770nm. The infrared light can be any wavelength range within the range of 780nm to 1000μm. Further, the infrared light preferably includes near-infrared light. The near-infrared light can be any wavelength range within the range of 780nm to 2526nm.

[0033] The aforementioned encapsulation component 100 serves as an encapsulation member for the front or back of the photovoltaic module 20. The optical functional layer 120 is positioned at the gaps (or seams) between adjacent cells 23 within the module and / or at the edge gaps of the module. The optical functional layer 120 includes a light conversion layer 121 capable of converting visible light into infrared light. When sunlight enters from the encapsulation component 100, in areas where the light conversion layer 121 is not present, sunlight passes through the transparent substrate and illuminates the cells 23 within the module. In areas where the light conversion layer 121 is present, a portion of the incident visible light and visible light reflected from within the module is absorbed by the light conversion layer 121 and converted into infrared light, which then illuminates the cells 23. This infrared light is then absorbed and utilized by the cells 23 to convert into electrical energy, reducing light energy loss and improving light energy utilization efficiency.

[0034] Optionally, the transparent substrate may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a glass substrate and a polymer substrate. In some examples, the transparent substrate is an ultra-white glass substrate.

[0035] In some examples, the optical functional layer 120 is a strip structure distributed on a transparent substrate.

[0036] In some examples, the optical functional layer 120 is arranged in a mesh pattern. In the photovoltaic module 20, the solar cells 23 are disposed within each mesh of the optical functional layer 120. The positions of the meshes correspond one-to-one with the positions of the solar cells 23.

[0037] Furthermore, the optical functional layer 120 includes an annular portion 1202 disposed along the edge of the transparent substrate and a grid portion 1204 crisscrossed within the annular portion 1202. The annular portion 1202 is positioned at the edge gaps of the module. In the photovoltaic module 20, the grid portion 1204 is positioned at the seam between adjacent solar cells 23.

[0038] In the example above, the transparent substrate includes a covered area and multiple transparent areas arranged in an array, with adjacent transparent areas separated by the covered area. An optical functional layer 120 covers the covered area. The transparent areas are not covered by the optical functional layer 120 and have high light transmittance. In the photovoltaic module 20, the positions of the transparent areas correspond one-to-one with the positions of the solar cells 23.

[0039] The light conversion layer 121 contains a light conversion material that can absorb visible light and convert it into infrared light. This infrared light then shines onto the solar cell 23, where it is absorbed and converted into electrical energy, thereby reducing light energy loss and increasing the module power. Preferably, the infrared light includes near-infrared light.

[0040] In some examples, the light conversion layer 121 includes a resin matrix and a light conversion material dispersed in the resin matrix. The resin matrix is, for example, a modified acrylate. The light conversion material is, for example, a TTF-TCNQ derivative or a benzodithiophene (BDT) derivative. The light conversion layer 121 is prepared, for example, by coating a resin containing the light conversion material onto a transparent substrate and then curing it. The coating method is, for example, screen printing. The curing method is, for example, UV curing or thermosetting.

[0041] In some examples, the light conversion layer 121 is a black coating. The black coating may contain, for example, a black organic light-converting material. The black coating has the same or similar color as the laminated solar cell 23, which improves the overall aesthetics of the module. For all-black modules, the black light conversion layer 121 does not affect the module's aesthetics.

[0042] In traditional technology, a reflective layer 122 is placed on the encapsulation substrate. This reflective layer 122 is located in the gaps between adjacent solar cells 23 and in the edge gaps of the module. This allows reflected light from inside the module to be reflected back onto the solar cells 23, reducing light loss and improving module efficiency. For optimal reflection, a white reflective layer 122 is preferred. However, if a white reflective layer is used in a completely black module, its color difference from the solar cells 23, solder ribbons, and busbars is significant, affecting the module's appearance and failing to meet application requirements. Conversely, a black reflective layer has poor reflection and cannot effectively reduce light loss. Furthermore, while using a layered structure of black, white, and black layers as the reflective layer 122 in a completely black module can meet the appearance requirements of a completely black module and improve light reflection, the color difference between it and the solder ribbons and busbars is still significant, affecting the overall appearance of the module. This method also employs a multi-layered structure, resulting in a complex process, the use of various raw materials, and higher costs. The aforementioned encapsulation component 100 is provided with a light conversion layer 121, which can be configured as a single-layer structure, such as a single-layer black coating. The layer structure is relatively simple, making its production more convenient and also helping to reduce production costs.

[0043] In other examples, the light conversion layer 121 is not limited to a black coating; for example, it could also be a dark blue coating. For instance, the color of the light conversion layer 121 can be adjusted by changing the coating material formulation to make it the same as or close to the color of the solar cells 23 in the photovoltaic module 20, thereby improving the module's aesthetics.

[0044] In some examples, the thickness of the light conversion layer 121 is 150 μm to 230 μm.

[0045] In some examples, the optical functional layer 120 also includes a reflective layer 122. The reflective layer 122 is disposed between the light conversion layer 121 and the transparent substrate 110. The reflective layer 122 includes a resin matrix and pearlescent powder dispersed in the resin matrix. The pearlescent powder has good light reflection effect, enabling the reflective layer 122 to reflect unabsorbed infrared light back to the solar cell 23, further improving the light energy utilization rate.

[0046] The resin matrix is, for example, modified acrylate. The pearlescent powder can be metallic pearlescent powder to ensure that the color of the reflective layer 122 matches the color of the back metal solder strips and busbars, enhancing the overall aesthetics of the component. In some examples, the pearlescent powder is silver pearlescent powder.

[0047] In some examples, the thickness of the reflective layer 122 is 200 μm to 300 μm.

[0048] In some examples, the width of the optical functional layer 120 is 350μm to 530μm. The width of the light conversion layer 121 of the optical functional layer 120 can be specifically set according to the joint position between adjacent cells 23 in the photovoltaic module 20 and the width of the gap at the edge of the photovoltaic module 20.

[0049] Furthermore, this utility model also provides a photovoltaic module 20.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, a photovoltaic module 20 of one embodiment includes a first encapsulation mechanism 21, a second encapsulation mechanism 22, and a plurality of solar cells 23. The solar cells 23 are located between the first encapsulation mechanism 21 and the second encapsulation mechanism 22. The first encapsulation mechanism 21 and / or the second encapsulation mechanism 22 include the encapsulation component 100 of any of the above examples.

[0051] The aforementioned photovoltaic module 20 is provided with an optical functional layer 120 on the first encapsulation mechanism 21 and / or the second encapsulation mechanism 22. The optical functional layer 120 includes a light conversion layer 121 that can convert visible light into infrared light. By utilizing the absorption and conversion characteristics of photons by the light conversion layer 121, photons in the visible light band of the incident sunlight and the sunlight reflected from inside the module are absorbed and converted into infrared light, which irradiates the solar cell 23 and is then absorbed and utilized by the solar cell 23 to convert into electrical energy, thereby reducing light energy loss and increasing the module power.

[0052] In some examples, the optical functional layer 120 and the light conversion layer 121 are located at the seam between adjacent solar cells 23 and / or at the edge of the transparent substrate.

[0053] In some examples, the optical functional layer 120 and the light conversion layer 121 are located on the side of the transparent substrate facing the solar cell 23.

[0054] In some examples, the aforementioned encapsulation component 100 is provided at least on the back surface of the photovoltaic module 20.

[0055] In some examples, the photovoltaic module 20 further includes a first encapsulating film 24 and / or a second encapsulating film 25. The first encapsulating film 24 is disposed between the first encapsulation mechanism 21 and the solar cell 23. The second encapsulating film 25 is disposed between the second encapsulation mechanism 22 and the solar cell 23. The first encapsulating film 24 and the second encapsulating film 25 are, for example, at least one of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, POE (polyolefin elastomer) film, PE (polyethylene) film, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, etc. The materials of the first encapsulating film 24 and the second encapsulating film 25 may be the same or different.

[0056] In some examples, cell 23 is a crystalline silicon cell, such as, but not limited to, a back-contact cell.

[0057] The following specific embodiments further illustrate this utility model. These specific embodiments are provided to better understand this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] The photovoltaic module 20 provided in this embodiment includes a first encapsulation mechanism 21, a second encapsulation mechanism 22, a first encapsulation film 24, a second encapsulation film 25, and a plurality of solar cells 23.

[0060] The solar cell 23 is a back-contact solar cell. Multiple solar cells 23 are arranged in an array. The first encapsulation mechanism 21 is a rectangular tempered, coated ultra-clear glass sheet, disposed on the light-receiving surface of the solar cell 23. The first adhesive film 24 is an EVA film, disposed between the first encapsulation mechanism 21 and the solar cell 23. The second encapsulation mechanism 22 (encapsulation component 100) includes a transparent substrate and an optical functional layer 120. The light conversion layer 121 of the second encapsulation mechanism 22 is disposed on the back-light surface of the solar cell 23. The second adhesive film 25 is an EVA film, disposed between the second encapsulation mechanism 22 and the solar cell 23.

[0061] The transparent substrate is a rectangular tempered, coated ultra-clear glass sheet. The optical functional layer 120 includes a light conversion layer 121 and a reflective layer 122. The light conversion layer 121 converts visible light into infrared light. The light conversion layer 121 is a black coating and includes a resin matrix and a light conversion material dispersed within the resin matrix. The resin matrix is ​​a modified acrylate. The light conversion material is a TTF-TCNQ derivative. The thickness of the light conversion layer 121 is 170 μm. The reflective layer 122 is disposed between the light conversion layer 121 and the transparent substrate. The reflective layer 122 includes a resin matrix and pearlescent powder dispersed within the resin matrix. The resin matrix is ​​a modified acrylate. The pearlescent powder is silver pearlescent powder. The thickness of the reflective layer 122 is 260 μm.

[0062] The optical functional layer 120 and the light conversion layer 121 are distributed in a mesh pattern on the transparent substrate, including annular portions 1202 disposed along the edge of the transparent substrate and grid portions 1204 crisscrossed within the annular portions 1202. The annular portions 1202 are located at the edge gaps of the component. The grid portions 1204 are located at the seams between adjacent solar cells 23. In the grid portions 1204, there are 5 linear coatings parallel to the long side of the transparent substrate and 21 linear coatings parallel to the short side of the transparent substrate. The width of the annular portions 1202 parallel to the long side of the transparent substrate is 16.5 mm, and the width of the grid portions 1204 is 8.5 mm. The width of the annular portion 1202 parallel to the short side of the transparent substrate is 20.5 mm, the width of the linear coating in the grid portion 1204 corresponding to the middle busbar region of the parallel assembly is 17.1 mm, and the width of the remaining 20 linear coatings in the grid portion 1204 parallel to the short side of the transparent substrate is 5.7 mm.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that only the light conversion layer 121 is provided, and the reflective layer 122 is not provided.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the second packaging mechanism is a rectangular tempered coated ultra-white glass plate without an optical functional layer.

[0067] The photovoltaic modules of Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1 Performance test results of photovoltaic modules in Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1

[0069]

[0070] In the photovoltaic modules 20 prepared in Examples 1 and 2, there is no obvious color difference between the light conversion layer 121 and the solar cell 23, resulting in good overall aesthetics. As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the module power of Example 1 is increased by about 1%. This is due to the fact that Example 1 sets up an encapsulation component 100 with a light conversion layer 121 on the photovoltaic module 20. By utilizing the absorption and conversion characteristics of photons by the light conversion layer 121, photons in the visible light band of the incident sunlight and the sunlight reflected inside the module are absorbed and then irradiated onto the solar cell 23 as infrared light. At the same time, the unabsorbed infrared light is reflected back to the solar cell 23, where it is absorbed and utilized by the solar cell 23 to be converted into electrical energy, reducing light energy loss and increasing module power.

[0071] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims, and the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A packaging component (100) for a photovoltaic module (20), characterized in that, It includes a transparent substrate (110) and an optical functional layer (120); the optical functional layer (120) covers a local area of ​​the transparent substrate (110), and the optical functional layer (120) includes a light conversion layer (121) capable of converting visible light into infrared light.

2. The packaging component (100) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical functional layer (120) further includes a reflective layer (122), which is disposed between the light conversion layer (121) and the transparent substrate (110). The reflective layer (122) includes a resin matrix and pearlescent powder dispersed in the resin matrix.

3. The packaging component (100) as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the light conversion layer (121) is 150 μm to 230 μm; and / or The thickness of the reflective layer (122) is 200μm~300μm.

4. The packaging component (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The optical functional layer (120) is a strip structure distributed on the transparent substrate (110).

5. The packaging component (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The optical functional layer (120) is distributed in a mesh pattern.

6. The packaging component (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The optical functional layer (120) includes an annular portion (1202) disposed along the edge of the transparent substrate (110) and a grid portion (1204) distributed crisscrossingly within the annular portion (1202).

7. A photovoltaic module (20), characterized in that, It includes a first packaging mechanism (21), a second packaging mechanism (22) and a plurality of battery cells (23), the battery cells (23) being located between the first packaging mechanism (21) and the second packaging mechanism (22), the first packaging mechanism (21) and / or the second packaging mechanism (22) including the packaging component (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The photovoltaic module (20) as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The optical functional layer (120) is located at the seam between adjacent solar cells (23) and / or at the edge of the transparent substrate (110).

9. The photovoltaic module (20) as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The optical functional layer (120) is located on the side of the transparent substrate (110) facing the battery cell (23).

10. The photovoltaic module (20) as described in any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module (20) further includes a first encapsulant film (24) and / or a second encapsulant film (25), wherein the first encapsulant film (24) is disposed between the first encapsulation mechanism (21) and the solar cell (23), and the second encapsulant film (25) is disposed between the second encapsulation mechanism (22) and the solar cell (23).

Images