Display substrate, display panel and display device
By designing an arrangement structure on the OLED display substrate in which the geometric centers of the subpixels are aligned on a straight line and in an enclosing relationship, the problem of uneven color distribution in the prior art is solved, resulting in a more uniform subpixel arrangement and better visual fusion effect, reducing graininess and improving display quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing OLED display devices, uneven color distribution of pixel units leads to color deviation and graininess, affecting the user's viewing experience.
Design a display substrate in which the geometric centers of the sub-pixels are located on the same straight line, the first sub-pixel surrounds the second and third sub-pixels, and there are overlapping and adjacent relationships between the sub-pixels. A nested and complementary structure is adopted to ensure the uniformity of the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel.
It reduces the sense of separation between sub-pixels, optimizes the white light ratio, reduces the graininess of the display, and improves the display effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN224503896U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate, display panel and display device. Background Technology
[0002] OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display technology, with its advantages of being thin and light, self-emissive, having a wide viewing angle, fast response time, low brightness, and low power consumption, is widely recognized in the industry as the third-generation display technology and has become the main development direction in the field of display technology. Currently, in the fields of mobile phones, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), digital cameras, and other flat panel displays, OLED display devices have begun to replace traditional liquid crystal displays (LCDs).
[0003] The structure of an OLED display device mainly includes a substrate and display pixels arranged in a matrix on the substrate. However, in existing technologies, the shape and structure of the display pixels are typically... Figure 1 The structure shown includes a display substrate with multiple pixel unit structures arranged in a matrix. Each pixel unit structure 101 includes two green sub-pixels 1011, one blue sub-pixel 1012, and one red sub-pixel 1013. These three types of sub-pixels are rectangular and spaced a certain distance apart, resulting in a parallelogram arrangement of the pixel units. In practical applications, this pixel unit structure can lead to color deviations due to uneven distribution of sub-pixels of different colors within the pixel unit; furthermore, it can cause jagged edges and graininess, negatively impacting the user's viewing experience. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a display substrate, a display panel, and a display device to reduce the graininess of the display during display. The specific technical solution is as follows:
[0005] In a first aspect of this application, a display substrate is provided, the display substrate including a plurality of pixel units, the pixel units including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel;
[0006] The first sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; the geometric centers of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are located on the same straight line;
[0007] In the row direction, the first projection area of the first sub-pixel and the second projection area of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the first projection area is not smaller than the second projection area.
[0008] In the column direction, the third projection region of the first sub-pixel and the fourth projection region of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the third projection region is not smaller than the fourth projection region.
[0009] The first sub-pixel is at least partially directly adjacent to the second sub-pixel; the second sub-pixel is at least partially directly adjacent to the third sub-pixel.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are nested within the same pixel unit.
[0011] In one possible implementation,
[0012] The edge of the first sub-pixel near the second sub-pixel is parallel to the edge of the second sub-pixel near the first sub-pixel at a first adjacent location; wherein, the first adjacent location is the area where the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are directly adjacent to each other.
[0013] The edge of the second sub-pixel near the third sub-pixel is parallel to the edge of the third sub-pixel near the second sub-pixel at a second adjacent location; wherein, the second adjacent location is the area directly adjacent to the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel.
[0014] There is a first interval between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel; there is a second interval between the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; the first interval and the second interval are equal.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the second sub-pixel includes a first protruding structure and a first recessed structure; the third sub-pixel includes a second protruding structure and a second recessed structure; the first protruding structure and the second recessed structure are interlocked and complementary; the first recessed structure and the second protruding structure are interlocked and complementary.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is U-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is U-shaped; at least a portion of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent.
[0017] In one possible implementation, the first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is L-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is L-shaped; at least a portion of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent.
[0018] In one possible implementation, the first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is L-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is rectangular; the second sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the third sub-pixel;
[0019] In the row direction, the second projection region of the second sub-pixel and the fifth projection region of the third sub-pixel overlap, and the second projection region is not smaller than the fifth projection region;
[0020] In the column direction, the fourth projection region of the second sub-pixel and the sixth projection region of the third sub-pixel overlap, and the fourth projection region is not smaller than the sixth projection region.
[0021] In one possible implementation, the same pixel unit includes two second sub-pixels and one third sub-pixel, the third sub-pixel being nested within the two second sub-pixels.
[0022] In one possible implementation, the same pixel unit includes a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel surrounding the two sides of the third sub-pixel.
[0023] In one possible implementation, the first sub-pixel is crescent-shaped, and the second and third sub-pixels are arranged in a yin-yang shape.
[0024] In one possible implementation, when the number of first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels and third sub-pixels in the same pixel unit is the same, the first geometric center distance between the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels is less than the second geometric center distance between the second sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels.
[0025] In one possible implementation, within the pixel edges of the same pixel unit, the edge of the first sub-pixel occupies a proportion of not less than 1 / 2 of the pixel edge; the edges of the second and third sub-pixels occupy a proportion of not more than 1 / 2 of the pixel edge; wherein, the emission color of the first sub-pixel corresponds to the color that is least perceived by the human eye among all sub-pixels.
[0026] In one possible implementation, the pixel area of the first sub-pixel is larger than the pixel area of the second sub-pixel; the pixel area of the second sub-pixel is not smaller than the pixel area of the third sub-pixel.
[0027] The first sub-pixel is a blue emitting pixel; the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are a red emitting pixel and a green emitting pixel, respectively.
[0028] In one possible implementation, a plurality of the pixel units are arranged in an array; the line connecting the geometric centers of the sub-pixels in the same pixel unit forms an angle of 0°, 45° or 90° with the edge of the display substrate.
[0029] In one possible implementation, the display substrate includes a substrate, a light-emitting material layer, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a pixel defining structure;
[0030] The second electrode layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting material layer is located on the side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate; the first electrode layer is located on the side of the light-emitting material layer away from the second electrode layer;
[0031] The light-emitting material layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer form a plurality of sub-pixels. The pixel delimiting structure is located between two adjacent sub-pixels and the pixel delimiting structure is a "T" shaped structure.
[0032] In a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display panel is provided, the display panel including any of the display substrates described in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application.
[0033] In a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display device is provided, the display device including the display panel described in the second aspect of the embodiments of this application.
[0034] Beneficial effects of the embodiments in this application:
[0035] This application provides a display substrate, display panel, and display device. The display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel. The geometric centers of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are located on the same straight line. In the row direction, a first projection area of the first sub-pixel and a second projection area of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the first projection area is not smaller than the second projection area. In the column direction, a third projection area of the first sub-pixel and a fourth projection area of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the third projection area is not smaller than the fourth projection area. At least a portion of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are directly adjacent. At least a portion of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent.
[0036] The display substrate using the embodiments of this application, compared with the prior art Figure 1 The pixel arrangement structure shown in this application, by setting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel to be located on the same straight line and the first sub-pixel to surround at least part of the second and third sub-pixels, can make the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate more uniform, thereby making the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel visually blend together, reducing the sense of separation between each sub-pixel, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display.
[0037] Of course, implementing any product or method of this application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description
[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of pixel units on a display substrate in the prior art;
[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first arrangement structure of pixel units in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement structure of pixel units in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0042] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third arrangement structure of pixel units in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0043] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a fourth arrangement structure of pixel units in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fifth arrangement structure of pixel units in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a sixth arrangement structure of pixel units in a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0046] Figure 8 This is a first schematic diagram of the pixel unit array arrangement of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0047] Figure 9 This is a second schematic diagram of the pixel unit array arrangement of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on this application are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0051] OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display technology, with its advantages of being thin and light, self-emissive, having a wide viewing angle, fast response time, low brightness, and low power consumption, is widely recognized as the third-generation display technology and has become the main development direction in the display technology field. The structure of an OLED display device mainly includes: a substrate, and display pixels arranged in a matrix on the substrate. Each display pixel unit has stacked red, green, and blue light-emitting sub-pixels. In practical applications, the current intensity of the three sub-pixels can be independently controlled to make the light of these three colors superimposed and complementary, thereby achieving the display of different colors.
[0052] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a pixel unit structure of a display substrate in this field. The display substrate has multiple pixel unit structures arranged in a matrix. Each pixel unit structure 101 includes two green sub-pixels 1011, one blue sub-pixel 1012, and one red sub-pixel 1013. These three types of sub-pixels are rectangular and spaced a certain distance apart, resulting in a parallelogram arrangement of the pixel units. In practical applications, this pixel unit structure can lead to color deviations in the display due to uneven pixel color distribution; furthermore, it can cause jagged edges and graininess, negatively impacting the user's viewing experience.
[0053] To solve at least one of the above problems, in a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display substrate is provided, the display substrate including a plurality of pixel units 201, the pixel units including a first sub-pixel 2011, a second sub-pixel 2012 and a third sub-pixel 2013;
[0054] The first sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; the geometric centers of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are located on the same straight line.
[0055] The display substrate includes multiple pixel units, which can be arranged in an array. Each pixel unit can include at least three sub-pixels, each corresponding to a different emission color. In one example, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel correspond to blue, red, and green emission pixels, respectively. To ensure that the first sub-pixel can surround at least a portion of the second and third sub-pixels, in practical applications, the shape of the first sub-pixel can be bent. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a pixel unit structure of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of this application. The first sub-pixel 2011 is bent (e.g., "L"-shaped) and surrounds at least a portion of the edges of the second sub-pixel 2012 and the third sub-pixel 2013. The second and third sub-pixels are also bent, and their shapes may be the same as or different from the first sub-pixel. For example... Figure 2 In the pixel unit 201 shown, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are U-shaped, and the geometric center O of the first sub-pixel, the geometric center P of the second sub-pixel, and the geometric center Q of the third sub-pixel are on the same straight line.
[0056] In the row direction, the first projection region of the first sub-pixel and the second projection region of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the first projection region is not smaller than the second projection region; in the column direction, the third projection region of the first sub-pixel and the fourth projection region of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the third projection region is not smaller than the fourth projection region; at least a portion of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are directly adjacent; at least a portion of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent. The row and column directions can be determined based on the pixel unit layout structure, for example, when the pixel unit is... Figure 2 In the rectangular structure shown, the length and width of the pixel unit are the row direction and column direction, respectively. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the m direction is the row direction and the n direction is the column direction. In another example, the length and width directions of the display substrate can be determined to be the row direction and the column direction, respectively.
[0057] In one example, the first projection region may include at least the second projection region, for example, the second projection region being within the first projection region. Similarly, the third projection region may include at least the fourth projection region, the fourth projection region being within the third projection region.
[0058] By setting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel to be on the same straight line and the first sub-pixel to surround at least a portion of the second and third sub-pixels in the display substrate according to the embodiments of this application, the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate can be made more uniform, thereby making the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel visually integrated, reducing the sense of separation between each sub-pixel, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display.
[0059] In one possible implementation, within the pixel edge of the same pixel unit, the edge of the first sub-pixel occupies a proportion of not less than 1 / 2 of the pixel edge; and the edges of the second and third sub-pixels occupy a proportion of not more than 1 / 2 of the edge of the pixel unit, and the emission color of the first sub-pixel corresponds to the color that is least perceived by the human eye among all sub-pixels.
[0060] In one example, among the sub-pixels corresponding to the three colors of red, green, and blue, since the human eye has the weakest perception of blue light, the first sub-pixel can be set as a blue emitting pixel.
[0061] In practical applications, the pixel area of the first sub-pixel can be set to be greater than that of the second sub-pixel; the pixel area of the second sub-pixel can be no less than that of the third sub-pixel; the first sub-pixel can be a blue emitting pixel; and the second and third sub-pixels can be red and green emitting pixels, respectively.
[0062] Because blue light-emitting subpixels are typically made of indium gallium nitride (InGaN), compared to the aluminum indium gallium phosphide (AlGaInP) material of red light-emitting subpixels and the InGaN material of green light-emitting subpixels, blue light-emitting subpixels require a higher driving voltage or current to achieve the target brightness during electro-optical conversion. Furthermore, the organic materials in blue light-emitting subpixels are more susceptible to damage from high-energy photons, and their blue light decay rate is higher than the other two, resulting in a shorter lifespan for blue light-emitting pixels. In addition, the human eye has lower visual sensitivity to blue light. Therefore, to achieve a balanced perception of white light from blue, red, and green light sources, the first subpixel can be set as a blue light-emitting pixel, the second and third subpixels as red light-emitting pixels, and the third subpixel as green light-emitting pixels, with the blue light-emitting pixel having the largest pixel area; the pixel area of the red light-emitting pixel should not be smaller than that of the green light-emitting pixel. In one example, the pixel area of the blue light-emitting pixel can be set to be larger than that of the red light-emitting pixel, and the pixel area of the red light-emitting pixel can be set to be larger than that of the green light-emitting pixel.
[0063] By using the display substrate of this application embodiment, the first sub-pixel with the largest pixel area is set as a blue light-emitting pixel. When the three sub-pixels emit light at the same time, the human eye can achieve a balanced perception of white light from blue, red and green light sources, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.
[0064] In one possible implementation, the second and third sub-pixels can be nested within the same pixel unit. For example, when the first and second sub-pixels are L-shaped and the third sub-pixel is rectangular, the second sub-pixel can also be configured to surround at least a portion of the third sub-pixel; such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in the row direction, the second projection region of the second sub-pixel and the fifth projection region of the third sub-pixel overlap, and the second projection region is not smaller than the fifth projection region; in the column direction, the fourth projection region of the second sub-pixel and the sixth projection region of the third sub-pixel overlap, and the fourth projection region is not smaller than the sixth projection region.
[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the third sub-pixel is nested within the area formed by the second sub-pixel. This pixel unit includes one first sub-pixel, one second sub-pixel, and one third sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are L-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is rectangular, with the second sub-pixel surrounding the two sides of the third sub-pixel. In another example, as... Figure 4 As shown, in this pixel unit, there can be two second sub-pixels, and one first and one third sub-pixel. The third sub-pixel is nested within the area jointly formed by the two second sub-pixels, and the geometric center O of the first sub-pixel, the geometric centers P1 and P2 of the second sub-pixels, and the geometric center Q of the third sub-pixel are on the same straight line. In this example, the first and second sub-pixels are "L"-shaped, the third sub-pixel is rectangular, and the geometric centers of the first, second, and third sub-pixels are on the same straight line.
[0066] By setting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel to be on the same straight line and the first sub-pixel to surround at least a portion of the second and third sub-pixels in the display substrate according to the embodiments of this application, the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate can be made more uniform, thereby making the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel visually integrated, reducing the sense of separation between each sub-pixel, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display.
[0067] In practical applications, the shapes of the first, second, and third sub-pixels can be diverse. For example, they can be polygonal shapes such as "L," "U," "T," and rectangles, or arc shapes such as circles, ellipses, and crescents. The shapes of the first, second, and third sub-pixels can be the same or different, but it is essential to ensure that their geometric centers lie on the same straight line. In one example, as shown... Figure 5 In the pixel unit shown, the first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is U-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is U-shaped. In another example, as... Figure 6 As shown, the first, second, and third sub-pixels are all L-shaped. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the pixel unit arrangement shown, the first and second sub-pixels are both "L"-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is rectangular. In another example, such as... Figure 7As shown, the first sub-pixel is crescent-shaped, and the second and third sub-pixels are arranged in a nested Tai Chi shape.
[0068] In one example, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when arranging pixel units, the first sub-pixel can be set to be at least partially adjacent to the third sub-pixel, thereby improving the visual fusion effect of the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel.
[0069] By setting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel to be on the same straight line and the first sub-pixel to surround at least a portion of the second and third sub-pixels in the display substrate according to the embodiments of this application, the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate can be made more uniform, thereby making the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel visually integrated, reducing the sense of separation between each sub-pixel, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display.
[0070] In one possible implementation, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel can be nested together. The second sub-pixel includes a first protruding structure and a first recessed structure. The third sub-pixel includes a second protruding structure and a second recessed structure. The first protruding structure and the second recessed structure are interlocked and complementarily arranged. The first recessed structure and the second protruding structure are interlocked and complementarily arranged.
[0071] like Figure 7 As shown, the first protruding structure 701 of the second sub-pixel and the second concave structure 704 of the third sub-pixel are arranged in a complementary interlocking manner, and the first concave structure 702 of the second sub-pixel and the second protruding structure 703 of the third sub-pixel are arranged in a complementary interlocking manner.
[0072] By arranging the geometric centers of each sub-pixel on the same straight line and ensuring that the first sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the second and third sub-pixels in the display substrate according to the embodiments of this application, the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate can be made more uniform. This results in the light emission of the first, second, and third sub-pixels being visually integrated, reducing the sense of separation between sub-pixels, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display. By setting the second and third sub-pixels to be interlocked, the light from the second and third sub-pixels can be more uniformly integrated when viewed by the human eye, avoiding color deviation and optimizing the white light ratio.
[0073] In one example, to make the arrangement of sub-pixels in a pixel unit more uniform and regular, and to make them more closely fitted, such as... Figures 2-6As shown, the edge of the first sub-pixel near the second sub-pixel and the edge of the second sub-pixel near the first sub-pixel can be parallel to each other at a first adjacent location; wherein, the first adjacent location is the area where the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are directly adjacent; similarly, the edge of the second sub-pixel near the third sub-pixel and the edge of the third sub-pixel near the second sub-pixel can be parallel to each other at a second adjacent location; wherein, the second adjacent location is the area where the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent.
[0074] Alternatively, a first interval can be set between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel; a second interval can be set between the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; and the first interval and the second interval can be equal.
[0075] In this example, the arrangement of sub-pixels in the pixel unit is more uniform, which makes them more closely integrated. This results in a more uniform visual effect of light fusion between sub-pixels when viewed by the human eye, reducing the sense of separation between sub-pixels and reducing the graininess of the display device. It also avoids color deviation and optimizes the white light ratio.
[0076] In one possible implementation, when the number of first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels and third sub-pixels in the same pixel unit is the same, that is, when the ratio of the number of first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels and third sub-pixels is 1:1:1, the first geometric center distance between the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels is less than the second geometric center distance between the second sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels.
[0077] Wherein, the first geometric center spacing is the distance between the geometric center of the first sub-pixel and the geometric center of the second sub-pixel, and the second geometric center spacing is the distance between the geometric center of the second sub-pixel and the geometric center of the third sub-pixel. For example... Figure 2 As shown, in this pixel unit, the number of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is 1 each. The distance between the geometric center O of the first sub-pixel and the geometric center P of the second sub-pixel is less than the distance between the geometric center P of the second sub-pixel and the geometric center Q of the third sub-pixel.
[0078] By using the display substrate of this application embodiment, when the number of first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels and third sub-pixels in the same pixel unit is the same, and the distance between the first geometric center of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel is smaller than the distance between the second geometric center of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel, the blue light, which is less perceptible to the human eye, can be brought closer to the red light or green light. At this time, when the three sub-pixels emit light at the same time, when the human eye superimposes and fuses them, the generated white light can be brought closer to the geometric center of the pixel unit, thereby optimizing the display effect of the display device.
[0079] To reduce the graininess of the display substrate under different screen conditions, the geometric center line connecting the pixel units in the array can form an angle of 0°, 45°, or 90° with the edge direction of the display substrate. For example... Figure 8 As shown, multiple pixel units 201 are arranged in an array. Within the same pixel unit, the line connecting the geometric centers of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel forms a 45° angle with the edge of the display substrate (i.e., in the X or Y direction). In another example, as... Figure 9 As shown, the line connecting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel in the same pixel unit forms a 90° angle with the Y direction of the edge of the display substrate.
[0080] The display substrate using the embodiments of this application, by arranging a plurality of pixel units in an array, and the angle between the line connecting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel in the same pixel unit and the edge of the display substrate is 0°, 45° or 90°, can reduce the graininess that occurs during display while adapting to different display scenarios.
[0081] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 10 As shown, the display substrate includes a substrate 1001, a light-emitting material layer 1002, a first electrode layer 1003, a second electrode layer 1004, and a pixel defining structure 1005.
[0082] The second electrode layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting material layer is located on the side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate; the first electrode layer is located on the side of the light-emitting material layer away from the second electrode layer;
[0083] The light-emitting material layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer form a plurality of sub-pixels. The pixel delimiting structure is located between two adjacent sub-pixels and the pixel delimiting structure is a "T" shaped structure.
[0084] In this design, the first and second electrode layers correspond to the cathode and anode layers, respectively. The anode layer, serving as the connection layer for the forward voltage of the organic light-emitting device (OLED), possesses good conductivity, visible light transparency, and a high work function. The anode layer can be made of a material with a high work function. For bottom-emitting OLEDs, the anode layer can be made of transparent oxide materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), with a thickness of approximately 80 nm to 200 nm. For top-emitting OLEDs, the anode layer can employ a composite structure of metal and transparent oxide, such as Ag(silver) / ITO, Ag / IZO, or ITO / Ag / ITO. The thickness of the metal layer in the anode layer can be approximately 80 nm to 100 nm, and the thickness of the transparent oxide layer can be approximately 5 nm to 20 nm, resulting in an average reflectivity of approximately 85% to 105% in the visible light region.
[0085] The cathode layer, serving as the negative voltage bonding layer in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), possesses good conductivity and a low work function. For bottom-emitting OLEDs, the cathode layer can be made of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), or an alloy of Mg:Ag, with a thickness greater than approximately 80 nanometers, resulting in good reflectivity. For OLEDs, the cathode layer can be made of transparent oxide materials, such as indium zinc oxide (IZO), with a thickness of approximately 10 to 20 nanometers, achieving an average transmittance of approximately 50% to 60% at a wavelength of 530 nanometers.
[0086] In practical applications, since different sub-pixels may correspond to different emission colors, the light-emitting material layers corresponding to different sub-pixels can be different. To ensure the normal emission of each sub-pixel, other film layers of the organic light-emitting layer may also be included between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. For example, it may also include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
[0087] The hole injection layer lowers the potential barrier for injecting holes from the anode layer, allowing holes to be effectively injected from the anode layer into the luminescent material layer. The hole injection layer can be prepared using inorganic oxides such as molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, rhenium oxide, ruthenium oxide, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, silver oxide, tungsten oxide, or manganese oxide. Alternatively, it can be prepared using p-type dopants with strong electron-withdrawing systems and dopants in hole transport materials, such as hexacyanohexaazatriphenylene, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7',8,8'-tetracyano-p-quinone dimethyl (F4-TCNQ)dimethyl, or 1,2,3-tris[(cyano)(4-cyano-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)methylene]cyclopropane.
[0088] Hole transport layers enable the directional and controlled migration of injected holes. They can be prepared using hole transport materials with high hole mobility, such as aromatic amine compounds with hole transport properties. The substituent groups can be carbazole, methylfluorene, spirofluorene, dibenzothiophene, or furan, for example, 4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPB), N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]- 4,4'-Diamine (TPD), 4-phenyl-4'-(10-phenylfluorene-10-yl)triphenylamine (BAFLP), 4,4'-bis[N-(10,10-dimethylfluorene-2-yl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (DFLDPBi), 4,4'-bis(10-carbazolyl)biphenyl (CBP), or 10-phenyl-3-[4-(10-phenyl-10-anthrayl)phenyl]-10H-carbazole (PCzPA).
[0089] The luminescent material layer is configured to emit light by recombination of electrons and holes; the luminescent material layer may include a host luminescent material and a guest luminescent material. The doping ratio of the guest material in the luminescent material layer is from 1% to 20%. Within this doping ratio range, on the one hand, the host luminescent material layer can effectively transfer exciton energy to the guest luminescent material to excite the guest material to emit light; on the other hand, the host luminescent material layer "dilutes" the guest material, effectively improving fluorescence quenching caused by intermolecular collisions and energy collisions in the guest material, thereby improving luminous efficiency and device lifetime.
[0090] The doping ratio refers to the ratio of the mass of the guest material to the mass of the luminescent material layer, i.e., the mass percentage. In one example, a multi-source evaporation process can be used to simultaneously deposit the host and guest materials, ensuring their uniform dispersion within the luminescent material layer. The doping ratio can be controlled by adjusting the evaporation rate of the guest material or by controlling the ratio of the evaporation rates of the host and guest materials during the evaporation process.
[0091] The electron transport layer can achieve controlled migration of injected electrons in a directional and ordered manner. It can employ aromatic heterocyclic compounds, such as imidazole derivatives, imidazopyridine derivatives, benzimidazole-phenanthridine derivatives, and other imidazole derivatives; pyrimidine derivatives, triazine derivatives, and other azine derivatives; quinoline derivatives, isoquinoline derivatives, phenanthreneroline derivatives, etc., including compounds with nitrogen-containing six-membered ring structures (including compounds with phosphine oxide substituents on the heterocycle), etc. For example, it can be prepared from materials such as 2-(4-biphenyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD), 1,3-bis[5-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl]benzene (OXD-7), 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-biphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-(4-ethylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole (p-EtTAZ), phenanthroline (BPhen), copper bath (BCP), or 4,4'-bis(5-methylbenzoxazol-2-yl)stilbene (BzOs).
[0092] An electron injection layer lowers the potential barrier for electron injection from the cathode, enabling electrons to be effectively injected from the cathode into the light-emitting material layer. The material used to fabricate the electron injection layer can include N-doped organic materials. The electron injection layer employs a doped structure, comprising a host material and a dopant material. The dopant material can be an N-type doped (P-doped) material, and the host material and dopant material are doped in a specific ratio to form the doped structure. The host material of the electron injection layer can be an organic molecule with high electron mobility and the ability to effectively conduct electrons.
[0093] For pixel units with relatively simple pixel structures, the following can be used: Figure 11 The structure shown is used to fabricate the display substrate. In one example, each sub-pixel uses a simple rectangular structure and there is no nesting relationship between them. For example, in the fabrication of a display substrate with... Figure 1 When designing a display substrate with the pixel unit structure shown, it can be done according to... Figure 11 The structure shown is prepared by sequentially depositing each film layer using a metal mask. For example, when depositing the material layer corresponding to the first sub-pixel, a metal mask can be used to cover the corresponding areas of other sub-pixels, with openings only set in the area corresponding to the first sub-pixel of the metal mask, thereby achieving material deposition for the first sub-pixel.
[0094] When fabricating the display substrate on which the pixel units of the above embodiments of this application are arranged, since the shape of each sub-pixel is relatively complex, the metal mask cannot meet the accuracy requirements when making openings for complex shapes. Therefore, individual sub-pixels can be fabricated and packaged independently during fabrication. For example, when fabricating the first sub-pixel, the corresponding material of the first sub-pixel is first deposited on the entire display substrate. Since a "T"-shaped pixel demarcation structure (i.e., isolation structure) is provided between two adjacent sub-pixels, the corresponding material of the first sub-pixel will be broken at the recessed area 1006 of the "T"-shaped pixel demarcation structure, thereby allowing the first sub-pixel to be packaged independently. Then, the material of the first sub-pixel deposited outside the first sub-pixel area is removed by exposure or etching. Then, the material of the second sub-pixel is deposited on the display substrate. Similarly, the recessed area of the "T"-shaped pixel demarcation structure will form a break in the material of the second sub-pixel, thereby allowing the second sub-pixel to be packaged independently. When the material of the second sub-pixel is deposited, since the first sub-pixel has already been encapsulated, the material of the second sub-pixel will not interfere with the material of the first sub-pixel. However, the material deposited on the encapsulated first sub-pixel still needs to be removed during exposure.
[0095] The display substrate using the embodiments of this application has a "T"-shaped pixel definition structure between two adjacent sub-pixels. During the fabrication of the display substrate, the vapor deposition material can be disconnected between the two adjacent sub-pixels, thereby allowing different sub-pixels to be independently packaged. Each different sub-pixel is controlled by an independent electrode, avoiding defects in the display substrate caused by "crosstalk" between them, which would affect the display effect of the display substrate.
[0096] In a second aspect of this application, a display panel is provided, which includes any of the display substrates described in the above embodiments.
[0097] The display panel using the embodiments of this application includes the display substrate in the above embodiments of this application. In the display substrate of this application, by setting the geometric centers of each sub-pixel to be located on the same straight line and the first sub-pixel to surround at least part of the second and third sub-pixels, the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate can be made more uniform. This makes the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel visually integrated, reducing the sense of separation between each sub-pixel, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display.
[0098] In another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display device is provided, which includes the display panel described in the above embodiments.
[0099] In practical applications, the display device can be a device that needs to balance transparency and display effects in different application scenarios. It can be any device that displays text or images, whether moving (e.g., video, dynamic images) or fixed (e.g., still images). More specifically, it is anticipated that the display substrate and display panel of the embodiments of this application can be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices, wherein the electronic devices can be, but are not limited to, watches, clocks, calculators, televisions, flat panel displays, computer monitors, automotive displays (e.g., odometer displays, etc.), navigators, cockpit controllers and / or displays, displays of camera views (e.g., displays of rearview cameras in vehicles), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging and aesthetic structures (e.g., displays of images of a piece of jewelry), etc.
[0100] By applying the display device in the embodiments of this application, since the display device includes the display panel of the above embodiments, and the display substrate of the display panel is configured such that the geometric centers of each sub-pixel are located on the same straight line and the first sub-pixel surrounds at least part of the second and third sub-pixels, the arrangement structure of each sub-pixel in the display substrate can be made more uniform, thereby making the light emission of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel visually integrated, reducing the sense of separation between each sub-pixel, and thus reducing the graininess of the display device during display.
[0101] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0102] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the descriptions of the display panel and display device embodiments are relatively simple since they are basically similar to the display substrate embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to in the descriptions of the method embodiments.
[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application are included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A display substrate, characterized in that, The display substrate includes multiple pixel units, and each pixel unit includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel; The first sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; the geometric centers of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are located on the same straight line; In the row direction, the first projection area of the first sub-pixel and the second projection area of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the first projection area is not smaller than the second projection area. In the column direction, the third projection region of the first sub-pixel and the fourth projection region of the second sub-pixel overlap, and the third projection region is not smaller than the fourth projection region. The first sub-pixel is at least partially directly adjacent to the second sub-pixel; the second sub-pixel is at least partially directly adjacent to the third sub-pixel.
2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the same pixel unit, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are nested together.
3. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edge of the first sub-pixel near the second sub-pixel is parallel to the edge of the second sub-pixel near the first sub-pixel at a first adjacent location; wherein, the first adjacent location is the area where the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are directly adjacent to each other. The edge of the second sub-pixel near the third sub-pixel is parallel to the edge of the third sub-pixel near the second sub-pixel at a second adjacent location; wherein, the second adjacent location is the area directly adjacent to the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel. There is a first interval between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel; there is a second interval between the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; the first interval and the second interval are equal.
4. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second sub-pixel includes a first protruding structure and a first recessed structure; the third sub-pixel includes a second protruding structure and a second recessed structure; the first protruding structure and the second recessed structure are interlocked and complementary; the first recessed structure and the second protruding structure are interlocked and complementary.
5. The display substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is U-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is U-shaped; at least a portion of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent.
6. The display substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is L-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is L-shaped; at least a portion of the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are directly adjacent.
7. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sub-pixel is L-shaped, the second sub-pixel is L-shaped, and the third sub-pixel is rectangular; the second sub-pixel surrounds at least a portion of the third sub-pixel; In the row direction, the second projection region of the second sub-pixel and the fifth projection region of the third sub-pixel overlap, and the second projection region is not smaller than the fifth projection region; In the column direction, the fourth projection region of the second sub-pixel and the sixth projection region of the third sub-pixel overlap, and the fourth projection region is not smaller than the sixth projection region.
8. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The same pixel unit includes two second sub-pixels and one third sub-pixel, with the third sub-pixel nested within the two second sub-pixels.
9. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The same pixel unit includes a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, wherein the second sub-pixel surrounds the two sides of the third sub-pixel.
10. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sub-pixel is crescent-shaped, and the second and third sub-pixels are arranged in a yin-yang shape.
11. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the number of first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels and third sub-pixels in the same pixel unit is the same, the first geometric center distance between the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels is less than the second geometric center distance between the second sub-pixels and the third sub-pixels.
12. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the pixel edges of the same pixel unit, the proportion of the edge of the first sub-pixel to the pixel edge is not less than 1 / 2; the proportion of the edges of the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel to the pixel edge is not greater than 1 / 2; wherein, the emission color of the first sub-pixel corresponds to the color that is least perceived by the human eye among all sub-pixels.
13. The display substrate according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pixel area of the first sub-pixel is greater than the pixel area of the second sub-pixel; the pixel area of the second sub-pixel is not less than the pixel area of the third sub-pixel; The first sub-pixel is a blue emitting pixel; the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are a red emitting pixel and a green emitting pixel, respectively.
14. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple pixel units are arranged in an array; the line connecting the geometric centers of the sub-pixels in the same pixel unit forms an angle of 0°, 45° or 90° with the edge of the display substrate.
15. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display substrate includes a substrate, a light-emitting material layer, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a pixel defining structure; The second electrode layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting material layer is located on the side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate; the first electrode layer is located on the side of the light-emitting material layer away from the second electrode layer; The light-emitting material layer, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer form a plurality of sub-pixels. The pixel defining structure is located between two adjacent sub-pixels and the pixel defining structure is a "T" shaped structure.
16. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes the display substrate as described in any one of claims 1-15.
17. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes the display panel as described in claim 16.