A drill and tap center post

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of drilling and tapping center stand, including stand body, drill holder, damping sliding sleeve and core rod, core rod is solid metal axle rod, vertically set in stand, surface cladding insulation cover layer, damping sliding sleeve is sleeved in the outside of core rod, its inside is equipped with multiple neodymium magnetic permanent magnet ring, and is fixedly connected with drill holder by connecting rod. Drill holder is slidably installed in the outside of stand, and is driven by speed reducer motor, and is lifted by meshing with crawling tooth and rack. Drill holder drives damping sliding sleeve to slide slowly in normal operation process, and resistance is very small;When drill holder falls unexpectedly fast, induced eddy current is formed between permanent magnet ring and core rod according to Ampere's law, electromagnetic reaction force is generated, so as to realize slow descent protection, prevent impact damage. The utility model is compact in structure, response sensitive, with non-contact electromagnetic damping and unexpected protection function, improve the safety and service life of drilling and tapping equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC drilling and tapping equipment technology, specifically a drilling and tapping center column. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling and tapping centers, as composite equipment integrating drilling and tapping functions in CNC machining, are widely used in precision machinery, electronic components, mold processing, and other fields. Their structure typically includes a column, spindle drive mechanism, lifting transmission device, and machining execution unit. With increasingly stringent requirements for precision and safety, the vertical running stability and fault protection capabilities of the drill bit (or spindle assembly) have become key factors for stable system operation.

[0003] In existing technologies, the drill bit moves up and down along the column mainly by relying on a motor or lead screw transmission structure to provide driving force, and uses slide rails or guide sleeves to maintain its posture stability. However, due to its certain height and mass inertia during operation, if abnormal situations such as brake failure, power outage, or lead screw disengagement occur, the drill bit will fall freely, which can easily impact the workpiece, tool, or equipment body, and even cause damage.

[0004] To mitigate damage caused by abnormal drill bit drops, some traditional devices employ mechanical dampers (such as springs and rubber pads) or hydraulic vibration damping structures. However, mechanical structures have limited buffering capacity and suffer from problems such as response lag and irreversible deformation; while hydraulic damping structures offer better buffering performance, they require complex return oil, sealing, and maintenance systems, increasing manufacturing and maintenance costs and hindering standardization and miniaturization.

[0005] In summary, existing drilling and tapping center support systems generally lack a magnetic induction buffer mechanism that does not cause interference during normal operation but can respond quickly and generate effective resistance to falling under abnormal conditions. There is an urgent need to propose a new type of non-contact, passive braking device to solve the safety hazards caused by the accidental fall of the drill base and improve the overall impact resistance and stability of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0007] Therefore, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a drilling center column, comprising four major structural units: column, drill base, damping sleeve, and core rod, which work together to form an integrated guiding, transmission, and braking composite system. Its core innovation lies in embedding the non-contact electromagnetic damping mechanism between the permanent magnet ring and the conductive shaft inside the column, achieving a self-responsive "passive buffering" protection function.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the column is a hollow frame structure with an internal sliding sleeve hole. The core rod is vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the column, and the damping sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the core rod. The core rod is a solid metal shaft structure, preferably made of pure copper, to enhance conductivity and electromagnetic response; its surface is further covered with an insulating layer to isolate external interference.

[0009] Specifically, while ensuring structural strength, this structure provides a basic path for magnetic induction damping through a combination of magnetic conductive and insulating layers, thereby enhancing the system's resistance to eddy current overheating and magnetic leakage.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the damping sleeve is fixedly connected to the drill base via a connecting rod, which passes through a hole in the sleeve on the side wall of the column, allowing the drill base to move the damping sleeve synchronously during lifting and lowering. The inner cavity of the damping sleeve is provided with multiple neodymium permanent magnet rings along the axial direction, and the permanent magnet rings and the core rod form a magnetic damping gap.

[0011] Specifically, when the drill bit is running at low speed, the magnetic field changes slowly and the system resistance is minimal; while in the rapid descent state, the permanent magnet ring sweeps past the core rod at high speed, inducing reverse eddy currents according to Lenz's law, forming a significant reaction force, and realizing the slow descent protection function.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the drill base is fitted onto slide rails located at the four corners of the column. The drill base has sliding sleeve holes that match the slide rails to maintain the stability of its vertical movement. The slide rails, core rod, and sliding sleeve holes are all arranged vertically and remain parallel to each other.

[0013] Specifically, this arrangement ensures that the drill bit is subjected to balanced forces during lifting and lowering, effectively avoiding operational deviations and structural interference, and improving guiding accuracy and rigid support performance.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a geared motor and a shaft housing are mounted on the surface of the drill base. The shaft housing contains a crawling gear structure, which meshes with a rack fixed externally to the column. The output of the geared motor drives the drill base to move vertically up and down along the column via the crawling gears.

[0015] Specifically, this transmission structure has the advantages of stable torque and high control precision, making it suitable for precise control of lifting speed and position during heavy-load drilling processes.

[0016] In a preferred example, the core rod surface is provided with an integral insulating sleeve layer, and the outer circle and the inner wall of the damping sleeve maintain a clearance sliding fit to improve the magnetic field shielding and thermal stability of the system.

[0017] Specifically, the insulating sheath avoids the risk of electrical contact or instantaneous discharge between the core rod and the permanent magnet, while also limiting the range of eddy currents, preventing undesirable heating, and improving the system's safety level.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the damping sleeve adopts a magnetic shielding sleeve structure, which is made of a high magnetic permeability alloy material, and its structural layers include an inner magnetic conductive layer, a middle energy absorption layer and an outer shielding layer in sequence.

[0019] Specifically, the inner magnetic conductive layer is used to enhance the magnetic flux concentration effect, the middle energy absorption layer is filled with flexible magnetic glue or buffer material to absorb instantaneous impact magnetic energy, and the outer shielding layer restricts the leakage of magnetic field to ensure the stability of the system's electromagnetic environment.

[0020] In summary, this invention, through the integrated design of a non-contact magnetic damping structure, ensures efficient lifting of the drill base while providing the equipment with slow descent protection in case of runaway operation, thus improving the overall reliability and safety of the machine. It is particularly suitable for CNC drilling and tapping equipment with high requirements for impact response and safety levels, and has promising engineering application prospects.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0022] 1. In this utility model, a damping sleeve is set on the outside of the core rod, and neodymium permanent magnet rings are evenly distributed on the inside of the sleeve. By utilizing the electromagnetic induction effect between the rings and the conductive core rod, almost no significant damping is generated during the low-speed operation of the drill bit. However, when the drill bit falls abnormally fast, a strong electromagnetic reaction force is automatically generated, which effectively slows down the falling speed. This creates a passive slow-fall protection system that does not require an external power supply and has a compact structure, significantly improving the equipment's impact resistance and operational safety.

[0023] 2. In this invention, the non-contact magnetic damping structure between the damping sleeve and the mandrel, based on Lenz's law, integrates a self-responsive anomaly protection mechanism without affecting drilling efficiency and speed response. This mechanism can be actively activated in cases of unexpected stall, power failure, or braking malfunction to prevent the drill bit from falling freely and impacting bottom components or workpieces, effectively extending equipment lifespan and improving system stability and applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping sleeve and core rod installation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a damping sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 100, Column; 110, Slide rail; 120, Rack; 130, Sliding sleeve hole; 200, Drill base; 210, Gear motor; 220, Shaft box; 211, Crawling tooth; 300, Damping sliding sleeve; 310, Connecting rod; 320, Permanent magnet ring; 400, Core rod. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0031] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0032] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention, providing a drilling center column.

[0033] Combination Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a drilling center column, including a column 100, a drill base 200, a damping sleeve 300, and a core rod 400.

[0034] The column 100 serves as the supporting and guiding body. It is hollow inside and has a sliding sleeve hole 130 on its outer surface. The sliding sleeve hole 130 is a long strip-shaped guide hole arranged along the longitudinal direction of the column 100, which facilitates the connection of internal structures and displacement transmission.

[0035] The core rod 400 is disposed within the inner cavity of the column 100 and is arranged coaxially with the column 100. The core rod 400 is a solid metal shaft structure, preferably made of pure copper to ensure good electrical conductivity. The surface of the core rod 400 is further covered with an insulating sleeve to isolate the core rod 400 from direct electrical contact with surrounding components, thereby improving the electromagnetic safety of the system. The outer circle of this insulating sleeve has a sliding fit with the inner wall of the damping sleeve 300, serving as a non-contact buffer support during magnetic induction operation.

[0036] The damping sleeve 300 is a hollow cylindrical structure, which is fitted onto the outside of the core rod 400 and can slide along the axial direction of the core rod 400. Several permanent magnet rings 320 are arranged equidistantly along the axial direction of the damping sleeve 300 to form a magnetic induction effect with the core rod 400. The permanent magnet rings 320 are preferably made of neodymium magnet material to provide a high-intensity magnetic field. Under normal operating conditions, the permanent magnet rings 320 and the core rod 400 form an electromagnetic induction system. When rapid relative motion occurs, Lenz's law effect can be induced to generate an electromagnetic damping force, thereby providing an abnormal deceleration and buffering function.

[0037] A connecting rod 310 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the damping sleeve 300. One end of the connecting rod 310 passes through the sleeve hole 130 and extends to the outside of the column 100, while the other end is fixedly connected to the inside of the drill base 200. Through the transmission connection of the connecting rod 310, the damping sleeve 300 and the drill base 200 maintain synchronous movement.

[0038] The drill base 200 is a vertically movable machining execution component, its outer contour slidably mounted on the outside of the column 100. Slide rails 110 are fixedly mounted at the four corners of the column 100. The inner wall of the drill base 200 is provided with a sliding structure, namely a sliding sleeve hole, that mates with the slide rails 110, to ensure that the drill base 200 slides smoothly along the vertical direction of the column 100 and to limit its radial oscillation. The slide rails 110, sliding sleeve holes 130, and core rod 400 are arranged together in the vertical direction, while the slide rails 110, core rod 400, and rack 120 are arranged parallel to each other to ensure the consistency of the system structure and mechanical symmetry.

[0039] A geared motor 210 and a shaft box 220 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the drill base 200. The output end of the geared motor 210 is connected to the crawling gear 211 inside the shaft box 220. The crawling gear 211 is a rotatable meshing structure, and its outer teeth mesh with the rack 120 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the column 100, thereby driving the drill base 200 to move up and down along the column 100.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the damping sleeve 300 adopts a magnetic shielding sleeve structure to reduce magnetic field leakage and external interference. Its main material is a high magnetic permeability alloy (such as permalloy).

[0041] In actual use, the drill base 200 can be raised and lowered along the column 100 under the drive of the geared motor 210. When the drill base 200 is in normal working condition, it runs smoothly and the damping sleeve 300 slides synchronously with it. Because the relative speed between the permanent magnet ring 320 and the core rod 400 is low, no significant eddy current is formed, so the system operates without significant additional resistance.

[0042] However, when the drill base 200 falls freely due to faults such as motor power failure or drive failure, the damping sleeve 300 will slide at high speed relative to the core rod 400. At this time, the magnetic field between the permanent magnet ring 320 and the core rod 400 changes rapidly, triggering Lenz's law. Induced eddy currents in opposite directions will be generated in the core rod 400. These eddy currents form significant reverse electromagnetic resistance, effectively slowing down the falling speed of the damping sleeve 300 and the drill base 200, thereby achieving active slow descent and energy absorption buffering, and avoiding damage to the drill press structure or workpiece due to impact.

[0043] In summary, this embodiment clearly and comprehensively describes the composition, interconnection methods, and functional implementation paths of key structures such as the column 100, drill base 200, damping sleeve 300, core rod 400, permanent magnet ring 320, slide rail 110, sleeve hole 130, rack 120, crawling gear 211, geared motor 210, and shaft box 220. Through this structure, this utility model possesses technical advantages such as compact structure, stable operation, and passive self-response descent protection, making it particularly suitable for safety control applications of drilling equipment in scenarios requiring high-frequency operation and high reliability.

[0044] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0045] Under normal operating conditions, the geared motor 210 drives the drill base 200 to move up and down along the column 100, thereby adjusting the drilling stroke. During this process, the drill base 200 drives the damping sleeve 300 to slide smoothly axially relative to the core rod 400 via the connecting rod 310. The core rod 400 is a solid metal shaft with a conductive outer surface. Multiple permanent magnet rings 320 are arranged around the inner side of the damping sleeve 300, maintaining an axial non-contact sliding state with the core rod 400.

[0046] In this motion, the permanent magnet ring 320 and the core rod 400 form an electromagnetic induction system based on Lenz's law. During the uniform or low-speed operation of the drill holder 200, the rate of change of the magnetic field is low, resulting in weak induced eddy currents and small reverse electromagnetic resistance on the core rod 400. The overall motion resistance of the system is not significant, ensuring normal and efficient response and rapid control of the drill holder.

[0047] However, when the system encounters an abnormal situation (such as motor brake failure, jamming, or workpiece breakage) causing the drill base 200 to suddenly and rapidly fall, the damping sleeve 300 will accelerate its sliding, generating a drastic change in the magnetic field relative to the core rod 400. Under these circumstances, the permanent magnet ring 320 instantaneously induces a large number of eddy currents in the core rod 400. According to Lenz's law, the direction of these eddy currents is opposite to the trend of motion, generating significant reverse electromagnetic resistance, thereby effectively slowing down the free fall speed of the drill base 200.

[0048] This mechanism forms a non-contact, dynamic, adaptive braking system that requires no external power supply or control system. It automatically activates in unexpected situations, exhibiting high responsiveness, high reliability, and a simple structure. The electromagnetic descent system constructed between the damping sleeve 300 and the core rod 400 effectively protects the main structure of the equipment and the workpiece from damage due to accidental falling impacts during actual operation, extending the lifespan of the drilling machine system and improving safety.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drilling and tapping center column, characterized in that, The system includes a column (100), a drill base (200), a damping sleeve (300), and a core rod (400). The surface of the column (100) has a sleeve hole (130), and a connecting rod (310) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the damping sleeve (300). One end of the connecting rod (310) passes through the sleeve hole (130) and is fixedly connected to the inner side of the drill base (200). The core rod (400) is located inside the column (100) and coaxially arranged therewith. The damping sleeve (300) is slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the core rod (400). On the inner side of the damping sleeve (300), there are several permanent magnet rings (320) arranged in a straight line. The core rod (400) is a solid metal shaft structure. The surface of the drill base (200) is fixedly mounted with a geared motor (210) and a shaft box (220). The inner side of the shaft box (220) is rotatably mounted with a crawling tooth (211) connected to the output end of the geared motor (210). The surface of the column (100) is fixedly mounted with a rack (120). The crawling tooth (211) meshes with the surface of the rack (120) for transmission.

2. The drilling center column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill base (200) is slidably sleeved on the inner side of the column (100). The four corners of the column (100) are fixedly installed with slide rails (110), and the inner side of the drill base (200) is provided with a slide sleeve hole that matches the slide rail (110).

3. A drilling center column according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide rail (110), slide sleeve hole (130) and core rod (400) are arranged vertically, and the rack (120), slide rail (110) and core rod (400) are arranged parallel to each other.

4. A drilling center column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet ring (320) is a neodymium magnet ring structure and is sleeved on the surface of the core rod (400). The core rod (400) is a solid pure copper shaft structure.

5. A drilling center column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core rod (400) has an insulating sleeve layer on its surface, and the outer periphery of the insulating sleeve layer slides against the inner side of the damping sleeve (300).

6. A drilling center column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping sleeve (300) is a magnetic shielding sleeve structure made of high magnetic permeability alloy material, used to isolate the magnetic field from leakage to the outside.

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