Coal gasification high-temperature gasifier
By designing an inverted conical ash hopper and a spray system, the problems of uneven coal combustion and difficulty in discharging ash and slag were solved, achieving efficient production and improved purity of coal gas.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANYANG RUIMEIDA CLEAN ENERGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Traditional coal-to-gas high-temperature gasifiers have a simple structure, which leads to uneven and incomplete combustion of coal, difficulty in removing ash and slag, and high temperature, dust and low purity of the gas after combustion.
A high-temperature gasifier including an inverted conical ash hopper, spray pipes, and stepper motor control was designed. The inverted conical ash hopper is equipped with an annular step and gas outlet holes. The spray pipes have spray holes. The stepper motor controls the movable slag sealing plate to achieve uniform distribution and combustion of coal, spray cooling, and easy discharge of ash and slag.
It achieves complete combustion of coal, reduces gas temperature and dust, improves gas purity, and simplifies the ash and slag discharge process.
Smart Images
Figure CN224530872U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasification furnace technology, and in particular to a high-temperature gasification furnace for coal gasification. Background Technology
[0002] Against the backdrop of global energy structure transformation and increasingly stringent environmental requirements, coal-to-gas technology, as an important way to utilize coal cleanly and efficiently, has received widespread attention. Coal-to-gas technology converts coal into syngas (mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) in specific equipment, which not only effectively reduces pollution from direct coal combustion but also provides high-quality energy and raw materials for chemical, power generation, and heating industries.
[0003] High-temperature gasifiers are the core equipment in coal gasification processes, and their performance directly affects the efficiency, cost, and environmental indicators of coal gasification. However, traditional high-temperature gasifiers for coal gasification have a simple structure, and the coal cannot be evenly distributed inside, which easily leads to incomplete combustion. Furthermore, the ash and slag after combustion are not easy to be discharged, resulting in unsatisfactory performance. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems by providing a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification that can ensure complete combustion of coal, facilitate slag discharge after combustion, and reduce gas temperature, dust, and improve gas purity after spraying.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification, comprising a gasifier body, the bottom of which is fixed on a concrete base, and a gas outlet pipe is provided at the top. A slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the base. An inverted conical ash hopper is provided inside the gasifier body, and a movable slag sealing plate is provided at the bottom of the inverted conical ash hopper. The movable slag sealing plate is controlled to open and close by a stepper motor. When the movable slag sealing plate is open, the gasifier body is connected to the base.
[0006] Preferably, the gasifier body is provided with a coal inlet, a fire detection hole, a manhole and a water injection pipe. The end of the fire detection hole is provided with a sealing cap. A spray pipe is fixed on the inner wall of the gasifier body. Multiple spray holes are evenly provided on the spray pipe. The water injection pipe passes through the gasifier body and is connected to the spray pipe.
[0007] Preferably, the inverted conical ash hopper is hollow inside and its outer wall is connected to an injection pipe, through which the vaporizing agent is injected into the hollow inverted conical ash hopper.
[0008] Preferably, the inverted conical ash hopper is provided with multiple annular steps, and a sloping surface is formed between each two adjacent steps, and multiple air outlets are provided on the sloping surface.
[0009] Preferably, the stepper motor is located at the bottom of the gasifier body, and its output shaft passes through the movable slag sealing plate and is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the gasifier body. The output shaft is fixedly connected to the movable slag sealing plate.
[0010] Preferably, the gasifier body includes multiple insulated pipe sections, and the inner wall of the insulated pipe sections is provided with refractory bricks.
[0011] This utility model discloses a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification, comprising a gasifier body, the bottom of which is fixed on a concrete base, and a gas outlet pipe at the top. The base has a slag outlet at the bottom, and an inverted conical ash hopper inside. A movable slag sealing plate is located at the bottom of the inverted conical ash hopper, and the movable slag sealing plate is controlled to open and close by a stepper motor. When the movable slag sealing plate is open, the gasifier body is connected to the base. Compared with the prior art, this high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification has the beneficial effects of ensuring complete combustion of coal, facilitating slag discharge after combustion, and reducing gas temperature, dust, and improving gas purity after spraying. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to the present invention. Figure 1 .
[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to the present invention. Figure 2 .
[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a high-temperature gasification furnace for coal gasification according to the present invention.
[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted conical ash hopper in a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to this utility model.
[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall structure of an insulated pipe section in a high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to this utility model.
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Gasifier body; 11. Spray pipe; 12. Movable slag sealing plate; 13. Stepper motor; 101. Insulated pipe section; 102. Refractory brick; 2. Base; 3. Slag outlet; 4. Coal inlet; 5. Fire detection hole; 6. Manhole; 7. Water injection pipe; 8. Gas outlet pipe; 9. Inverted conical ash hopper; 91. Gas injection pipe; 92. Sloping surface; 93. Gas outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.
[0019] Please refer to Figure 1-5 A high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification includes a gasifier body 1, the bottom of which is fixed on a concrete base 2, and a gas outlet pipe 8 is provided at the top. The bottom of the base 2 is provided with a slag outlet 3. An inverted conical ash hopper 9 is provided inside the gasifier body 1, and a movable slag sealing plate 12 is provided at the bottom of the inverted conical ash hopper 9. The movable slag sealing plate 12 is controlled to open and close by a stepper motor 13. When the movable slag sealing plate 12 is open, the gasifier body 1 is connected to the base 2.
[0020] The gas generated by the combustion of coal in the gasifier body 1 within the inverted conical ash hopper 9 is discharged through the gas outlet pipe 8; the coal slag generated after the coal is burned leaks out through the inverted conical ash hopper 9 into the base 2, and is finally discharged from the base at the slag outlet 3, thereby realizing the generation of coal gas and the discharge of ash slag.
[0021] In this embodiment, the gasifier body 1 is provided with a coal inlet 4, a flame detection hole 5, a manhole 6, and a water injection pipe 7. The end of the flame detection hole 5 is provided with a sealing cap. Under normal conditions, the sealing cap is sealed to prevent external air from entering the gasifier body 1 and to prevent internal gas from leaking out. A spray pipe 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the gasifier body 1. The spray pipe 11 is provided with a plurality of spray holes evenly distributed on it. The water injection pipe 7 passes through the gasifier body 1 and is connected to the spray pipe 11.
[0022] The coal is injected into the gasifier body 1 at the coal inlet 4, and then falls into the inverted conical ash hopper 9. When the coal is burning in the inverted conical ash hopper 9, the water injection pipe 7 is connected to an external water source and sprayed into the gasifier body through the spray pipe 11. After spraying, not only can harmful substances in the coal gas, such as sulfides and nitrogen oxides, be removed to reduce environmental pollution, but the coal gas temperature can also be reduced, and dust in the coal gas pool can be removed to improve the purity of the coal gas.
[0023] Specifically, the inverted conical ash hopper 9 is hollow inside and has an injection pipe 91 connected to its outer wall. The vaporizing agent used for coal combustion is injected into the hollow inverted conical ash hopper 9 through the injection pipe 91, and the coal is ignited by an igniter (not shown in the figure).
[0024] Furthermore, the inverted conical ash hopper 9 is provided with multiple annular steps, and a ramp surface 92 is formed between each two adjacent steps. Multiple air outlets 93 are provided on the ramp surface 92. When the gasifying agent used for coal combustion is injected into the inverted conical ash hopper 9, it will enter the outside through the multiple air outlets 93 and come into contact with the internal coal, which facilitates the complete combustion of the coal and increases the efficiency of coal gas production.
[0025] Meanwhile, because the inverted conical ash hopper 9 has multiple annular steps, it can ensure that the coal is evenly distributed in a stepped manner within the inverted conical ash hopper 9, so that the coal can be fully burned.
[0026] Based on the above embodiments, the stepper motor 13 is located at the bottom of the gasifier body 1, and its output shaft passes through the movable slag sealing plate 12 and is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the gasifier body 1. The output shaft is fixedly connected to the movable slag sealing plate 12. Therefore, when the stepper motor 13 is running, the rotation of the output shaft can drive the movable slag sealing plate 12 to rotate accordingly, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the slag outlet.
[0027] Understandably, during the slag discharge process, air is injected through the air injection pipe 91 to prevent ash from entering the inverted conical ash hopper 9 through the air outlet 93. After the ash is discharged, the air injection pipe 91 is closed.
[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the gasifier body 1 includes multiple insulated pipe sections 101, and the inner wall of the insulated pipe section 101 is provided with refractory bricks 102. The refractory bricks 102 can not only reduce the outer wall temperature of the gasifier body 1, but also cool the interior, which is conducive to the generation of gas.
[0029] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A high-temperature gasification furnace for coal gasification, characterized in that, The gasifier includes a gasifier body, the bottom of which is fixed on a concrete base, and a gas outlet pipe at the top. The bottom of the base has a slag outlet, and the interior of the gasifier body has an inverted conical ash hopper. The bottom of the inverted conical ash hopper has a movable slag sealing plate, which is controlled to open and close by a stepper motor. When the movable slag sealing plate is open, the gasifier body is connected to the base.
2. The high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasifier body is provided with a coal inlet, a fire detection hole, a manhole and a water injection pipe. The end of the fire detection hole is provided with a sealing cap. A spray pipe is fixed on the inner wall of the gasifier body. Multiple spray holes are evenly provided on the spray pipe. The water injection pipe passes through the gasifier body and is connected to the spray pipe.
3. The high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inverted conical ash hopper is hollow inside and connected to an air injection pipe on its outer wall. The vaporizing agent is injected into the hollow inverted conical ash hopper through the air injection pipe.
4. The high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inverted conical ash hopper is provided with multiple annular steps, and a sloping surface is formed between each two adjacent steps. Multiple air outlets are provided on the sloping surface.
5. The high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepper motor is located at the bottom of the gasifier body, and its output shaft passes through the movable slag sealing plate and is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the gasifier body. The output shaft is fixedly connected to the movable slag sealing plate.
6. The high-temperature gasifier for coal gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasifier body includes multiple insulated pipe sections, and the inner wall of the insulated pipe sections is lined with refractory bricks.