A straw pulverizing and scattering machine equipped to a full-feed harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of straw smashing and throwing machines of full feeding harvester assembly, belong to the technical field of agricultural machinery, comprising: casing, straw smashing structure, disc throwing structure, guide vane, deflector, transmission structure;Wherein the upper opening of casing is set as the entrance of straw, casing upper opening is connected with the joint harvester grass outlet through hanging and bolt, casing rear is equipped with grass outlet, grass outlet is connected with the front side of deflector by bolt, disc throwing mechanism is installed in the inside of deflector, guide vane is installed in the middle of disc throwing mechanism, transmission mechanism is installed on the right side of casing and the top of deflector, transmission mechanism is powered by joint harvester, and drive the straw smashing mechanism and disc throwing mechanism work in casing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular relates to a straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with a full-feed harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Harvesting rice and wheat generates a large amount of straw. Currently, the main methods of disposal are straw burning and straw crushing and returning to the field. Straw burning not only damages the environment but also reduces soil moisture and nutrients. Straw crushing and returning to the field is the primary method of straw management. Returning straw to the field not only reduces air pollution but also effectively improves soil structure, increases soil organic matter, enriches soil fertility, and increases crop yield. Straw crushing is mainly achieved through mechanical crushing and returning to the field, including combine harvesters equipped with straw crushing and spreading devices and tractor-drawn straw crushing and spreading machines. Tractor-drawn straw crushing adds an extra straw crushing step after crop harvesting, increasing energy consumption and production costs. The use of combine harvesters equipped with straw crushing and spreading devices has largely solved these problems. However, the straw crushing and spreading devices on full-feed combine harvesters have a large feeding capacity, resulting in messy straw feeding and uneven distribution of straw across the entire working width of the combine harvester, with severe strip distribution. This increases the difficulty of the next production stage and is detrimental to straw decomposition. There is an urgent need for a straw crushing and spreading machine for full-feed harvesters that has a good spreading effect, which can complete the crushing and uniform spreading of straw in one go. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model proposes a straw crushing and spreading machine for a full-feed harvester. It has a simple structure, low energy consumption, and good spreading effect, which can make the straw evenly spread and cover the entire harvesting width of the harvester.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is:

[0005] This utility model proposes a straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with a full-feed harvester, including: a housing 1, a straw crushing mechanism 2, a disc spreading mechanism 3, guide vanes 4, a baffle plate 5, and a transmission mechanism 6. The upper opening of the housing 1 is used as the straw inlet, and the upper opening of the housing 1 is connected to the straw discharge port of the combine harvester by hooks and bolts. The rear of the housing is provided with a straw outlet, which is connected to the front side of the baffle plate 5 by bolts. The disc spreading mechanism 3 is installed inside the baffle plate 5, and the guide vanes 4 are installed in the middle of the disc spreading mechanism 3. The transmission mechanism 6 is installed on the right side of the housing 1 and above the baffle plate 5. The transmission mechanism 6 is powered by the combine harvester and drives the straw crushing mechanism 2 and the disc spreading mechanism 3 inside the housing.

[0006] The straw crushing mechanism 2 includes a left shaft head 21, a right shaft head 27, a cutter holder 24, a cutter shaft 25, a left side plate 22, a right side plate 26, a fixed cutter 28, and an offset moving cutter 23. The left shaft head 21 and the right shaft head 27 are mounted on the machine housing 1 through bearing seats. The left shaft head 21 and the right shaft head 27 are mounted on the cutter shaft through the left side plate 22 and the right side plate 26, respectively. The cutter holder 24 is welded on the cutter shaft. The offset moving cutter is fixed on the cutter holder with a self-locking nut. The fixed cutter 28, which cooperates with the offset moving cutter 23, is installed on the inner wall of the machine housing.

[0007] The transmission mechanism 6 includes a large right pulley 66, a small right pulley 64, a belt 65, a pulley drive shaft 62, a gear drive shaft 61, and a bevel gear set 63. The large right pulley 66 is connected to the right shaft head 27. The large right pulley 66 is connected to the small right pulley 64 via the belt 65. The small right pulley 64 is mounted on one end of the pulley drive shaft 62. The bevel gear set 63 is mounted on the gear drive shaft 61.

[0008] The disc-spreading mechanism 3 includes a spreading disc 31 and spreading blades 32. The spreading disc 31 is connected to the gear transmission shaft 61 by a pin. The two spreading discs 31 are symmetrically distributed in the guide plate cavity, and the six spreading blades (32) are evenly distributed on the spreading disc (31).

[0009] The moving tool mounted on the tool holder is an offset moving tool.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0011] 1) By adopting an offset moving blade, the amount of material used for processing is reduced, the mass of the blade shaft is lowered, and the kinetic energy consumption of the blade shaft rotation is reduced while ensuring the length of straw crushing.

[0012] 2) The circular spreading mechanism spreads the straw through the guide plate, which can increase the spreading speed and the spreading width of the straw, and achieve uniform coverage of the entire working width. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 3D view of a straw crusher and spreader assembled for a full-feed harvester

[0014] Figure 2 Top view of a straw crusher and spreader mounted on a full-feed harvester.

[0015] Figure 3 Diagram of a straw crushing mechanism

[0016] Figure 4 Transmission mechanism diagram

[0017] Figure 5 Diagram of the disc-spreading mechanism

[0018] Figure 6Axonometric drawing of guide vane

[0019] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0020] 1-Machine casing, 2-Straw crushing mechanism, 3-Disc spreading mechanism, 4-Guide blade, 5-Baffle plate, 6-Transmission mechanism, 21-Left shaft head, 22-Left side plate, 23-Offset moving blade, 24-Blade holder, 25-Blade shaft, 26-Right side plate, 27-Right shaft head, 28-Fixed blade, 31-Spreading disc, 32-Spreading blade, 61-Gear drive shaft, 62-Pulley drive shaft, 63-Bevel gear set, 64-Right side small pulley, 65-Belt, 66-Right side large pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this utility model. The embodiments and directional terms described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 , 2 The straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with a full-feed harvester includes: a housing 1, a straw crushing mechanism 2, a disc spreading mechanism 3, guide vanes 4, a baffle plate 5, and a transmission mechanism 6. The upper opening of the housing 1 serves as the straw inlet, which is connected to the straw discharge port of the combine harvester via a hook and bolts. A straw outlet is located at the rear of the housing, which is bolted to the front of the baffle plate 5. The lower baffle plate has an angle of 30-35 degrees with the horizontal plane to ensure that the crushed straw reaches the spreading device 3 smoothly. The disc spreading mechanism 3 is installed on the inner side of the upper part of the baffle plate 5, and the guide vanes 4 are installed in the middle of the disc spreading mechanism 3. The transmission mechanism 6 is installed on the right side of the housing 1 and above the baffle plate 5. The transmission mechanism 6 is powered by the combine harvester and drives the straw crushing mechanism 2 and the disc spreading mechanism 3 inside the housing.

[0023] Figure 3The diagram shows a straw crushing mechanism, including a left shaft head 21, a right shaft head 27, a cutter holder 24, a cutter shaft 25, a left side plate 22, a right side plate 26, a fixed cutter 28, and an offset moving cutter 23. The left shaft head 21 and the right shaft head 27 are mounted on the machine housing 1 via bearing seats. The left shaft head 21 and the right shaft head 27 are mounted on the cutter shaft 25 via the left side plate 22 and the right side plate 26, respectively. The cutter shaft 25 is made of seamless steel pipe or welded from rolled steel plate. The cutter holder 24 is welded onto the cutter shaft 25. The offset moving cutter 23 is fixed to the cutter holder with a self-locking nut and starts to rotate under the drive of the cutter shaft 25. The fixed cutter 28, which cooperates with the offset moving cutter 23, is installed on the inner wall of the machine housing 1. The straw is chopped by the cooperation of the moving and fixed cutters.

[0024] Figure 4 The diagram shows the transmission mechanism, which includes a large right pulley 66, a small right pulley 64, a belt 65, a pulley drive shaft 62, a gear drive shaft 61, and a bevel gear set 63. The large right pulley 66 is connected to the right shaft head 27. The large right pulley 66 is connected to the small right pulley 64 via the belt 65. The small right pulley 64 is mounted on one end of the pulley drive shaft 62. The bevel gear set 63 is mounted on the gear drive shaft 61. The gear drive shaft 61 is connected to the disc-spreading mechanism 3 below via a pin, thereby transmitting power to the disc-spreading mechanism 3.

[0025] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the disc-spreading mechanism includes: a spreading disc 31 and spreading blades 32. The spreading disc 31 is connected to the gear transmission shaft 61 by a pin. Two spreading discs 31 are symmetrically distributed in the chamber of the guide plate 5, and the spreading blades 32 are evenly distributed on the spreading disc 31.

[0026] Figure 6 The isometric view of the guide blades can be used to guide the straw during scattering.

[0027] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0028] During operation, the full-feed combine harvester provides power to the cutter shaft 25 via a belt. Driven by the cutter shaft 25, the offset moving cutter 23 begins to rotate at high speed and, in cooperation with the fixed cutter 28, crushes the straw from the harvester's discharge port. After crushing, the straw gains speed under the action of centrifugal force and forms a straw flow. Under the guidance of the guide plate 5, it reaches the rear disc spreading mechanism 3. At this time, the power is transmitted to the pulley drive shaft 62 through the large pulley 66 on the right side. The gear set 63 begins to mesh and transmit power to the disc spreading mechanism 3 through the gear drive shaft 61. The two actively rotating spreading discs 31 rotate towards each other. Under the guiding action of the middle guide vane 4 and the carrying and centrifugal action of the spreading blades 32, the straw is evenly spread across the entire harvesting width of the harvester.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with a full-feed harvester, characterized in that, include: The machine casing (1), straw crushing mechanism (2), disc spreading mechanism (3), guide vane (4), guide plate (5), and transmission mechanism (6) are provided. The upper opening of the machine casing (1) is set as the straw inlet. The upper opening of the machine casing (1) is connected to the straw discharge port of the combine harvester by hook and bolt. The straw outlet is provided at the rear of the machine casing. The straw outlet is connected to the front side of the guide plate (5) by bolt. The disc spreading mechanism (3) is installed inside the guide plate (5). The guide vane (4) is installed in the middle of the disc spreading mechanism (3). The transmission mechanism (6) is installed on the right side of the machine casing (1) and above the guide plate (5). The transmission mechanism (6) is powered by the combine harvester and drives the straw crushing mechanism (2) and the disc spreading mechanism (3) inside the machine casing to work.

2. The straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with the full-feed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw crushing mechanism (2) includes a left shaft head (21), a right shaft head (27), a cutter holder (24), a cutter shaft (25), a left side plate (22), a right side plate (26), a fixed cutter (28), and an offset moving cutter (23). The left shaft head (21) and the right shaft head (27) are mounted on the housing (1) through bearing seats. The left shaft head (21) and the right shaft head (27) are mounted on the cutter shaft through the left side plate (22) and the right side plate (26) respectively. The cutter shaft is welded with a cutter holder (24). The offset moving cutter is fixed on the cutter holder with a self-locking nut. A fixed cutter (28) that cooperates with the offset moving cutter (23) is installed on the inner wall of the housing.

3. The straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with the full-feed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (6) includes a large right pulley (66), a small right pulley (64), a belt (65), a pulley drive shaft (62), a gear drive shaft (61), and a bevel gear set (63). The large right pulley (66) is connected to the right shaft head (27). The large right pulley (66) is connected to the small right pulley (64) via the belt (65). The small right pulley (64) is mounted on one end of the pulley drive shaft (62). The bevel gear set (63) is mounted on the gear drive shaft (61).

4. The straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with the full-feed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disc-spreading mechanism (3) includes: a spreading disc (31) and spreading blades (32). The spreading disc (31) is connected to the gear transmission shaft (61) by a pin. Two spreading discs (31) are symmetrically distributed in the guide plate cavity, and six spreading blades (32) are evenly distributed on the spreading disc (31).

5. The straw crushing and spreading machine assembled with the full-feed harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The moving tool mounted on the tool holder is an offset moving tool.

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