A 4:1 suspension roomless elevator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 4:1 suspension's inorganic room elevator belongs to elevator technical field. It includes shaft, guide rail subassembly, car, counterweight and traction drive mechanism, and guide rail subassembly contains symmetrical arrangement car guide rail group and counterweight guide rail group, and traction drive mechanism is fixed through guide rail bearing structure, and does not need additional civil construction bearing beam. Traction system includes traction host, car bottom counter -rope pulley, car guide wheel etc, and traction steel wire rope is in turn and goes round each wheel group and forms 4:1 suspension path. Among them, traction host is fixed in guide rail through host fixed subassembly, and host axis deflection reduces rope deflection angle, and counter -rope pulley group is symmetrically arranged in car bottom and counterweight top. The utility model compact layout can reduce civil construction cost about 20%, promotes the utilization rate of shaft to above 80%, reduces counter -rope pulley number to prolong the service life of steel wire rope, and the part installation is concentrated and is convenient for maintenance, is applicable to large tonnage elevator scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of elevator technology, specifically to a machine room-less elevator with a guide rail load-bearing structure and a 4:1 hanging ratio, which is particularly suitable for large-tonnage elevator demand scenarios such as airports, high-speed rail stations, and hospitals. Background Technology

[0002] With social progress and economic development, the demand for large-tonnage machine-room-less elevators is constantly increasing in places such as airports, high-speed rail stations, and hospitals. However, using the traditional 1:1 or 2:1 suspension configuration for elevators (1:1 suspension means one end of the wire rope is directly connected to the car, and the other end is directly connected to the counterweight, with no additional sheave after passing the traction sheave; the car's running speed is the same as the traction sheave's linear speed (traction ratio 1:1); 2:1 suspension means the wire rope starts from the traction sheave, passes the anti-rope sheave at the top of the car, and then connects to the counterweight, forming a "double rope loop"; the car's running speed is half the traction sheave's linear speed (traction ratio 2:1), and the traction sheave tension is halved) presents several challenges. Firstly, the wire rope and axle loads are high, the components are large, and the overall elevator shaft layout is unfavorable. Secondly, large-load machine-room-less elevators have large car sizes, and using the 1:1 or 2:1 suspension configuration can easily lead to uneven loading of the car, affecting the elevator's operating comfort. To facilitate shaft layout, elevators are typically configured in a 4:1 ratio (a 4:1 suspension configuration is defined as follows: the wire rope passes through multiple counterweight sheaves (usually 4-6) at the top / bottom of the car and on the counterweight, forming a "four-time rope winding"; the car's running speed is 1 / 4 of the traction sheave's linear speed (traction ratio 4:1); and the traction sheave's tension is only 1 / 4 of the total weight). However, due to the large number and complex distribution of counterweight sheaves, this configuration results in a higher top floor height and lower shaft utilization. Furthermore, it requires dedicated load-bearing beams, increasing construction costs and negatively impacting architectural design. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a compact 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator that requires no additional load-bearing beams. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a 4:1 suspended machine room-less elevator based on guide rail load-bearing, which achieves the following by optimizing the layout of the traction drive mechanism: Eliminating traditional load-bearing beams in civil engineering reduces construction costs; Compress the top-level space to increase shaft utilization to over 80%; Reduce the number of anti-cord pulleys to extend the life of the traction wire rope.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a 4:1 suspended machine room-less elevator, comprising a shaft, guide rail assembly, car, counterweight, and traction drive mechanism; wherein: the guide rail assembly includes a car guide rail group and a counterweight guide rail group, which are respectively axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the car and the counterweight; The traction drive mechanism is fixed to the guide rail assembly by a load-bearing structure, forming a 4:1 hanging drive path, and no additional civil engineering load-bearing beam is required.

[0005] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the car guide rail group consists of two symmetrically arranged guide rails, one of which is fixed to the shaft wall by an independent support structure, and the other guide rail and the counterweight guide rail group are fixed to the shaft wall by a shared support structure.

[0006] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the traction transmission mechanism includes a traction main unit, a reverse rope pulley group, a guide pulley group, a rope head assembly, and a traction steel wire rope; The anti-cord sheave assembly includes a car bottom anti-cord sheave fixed to the bottom of the car and symmetrically arranged about the car guide rail assembly, and a counterweight anti-cord sheave fixed to the top of the counterweight and symmetrically arranged about the counterweight axis. The guide wheel assembly includes a car guide wheel mounted on the car guide rail assembly via a fixed seat and a counterweight guide wheel mounted on the load-bearing structure via a fixed seat; The two ends of the traction steel wire rope are respectively fixed to the car rope head and the counterweight rope head of the rope head assembly, and then pass around the car bottom anti-rope pulley, the car guide pulley, the traction host, the counterweight anti-rope pulley and the counterweight guide pulley in sequence to form a 4:1 suspension transmission path.

[0007] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the traction host is installed on two counterweight guide rails and one car guide rail through a host fixing device. The host fixing device includes a main beam, an auxiliary beam and a connecting plate, forming a triangular load-bearing frame; the main beam has a notch in the middle for the transmission path.

[0008] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the traction host is fixed to the connecting plate by a vibration damping device, and the axis of the traction host is deflected by a preset angle relative to the center axis of the car to reduce the deflection angle of the traction wire rope.

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, an anti-tipping device is provided on the top of the traction host, and the anti-tipping device is fixedly connected to the car guide rail.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the car bottom anti-reverse rope pulley is two sets of symmetrically arranged rope pulleys, and the counterweight anti-reverse rope pulley is two single rope pulleys arranged axially symmetrically.

[0011] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the rope head assembly includes a car rope head and a counterweight rope head, both of which are fixed to the rope head plate. The rope head plate is connected to the main beam and the auxiliary beam respectively through the rope head beam.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the transmission path of the traction steel wire rope is as follows: car rope head → a set of car bottom anti-rope pulleys → car guide pulleys → another set of car bottom anti-rope pulleys → traction host → counterweight anti-rope pulleys → counterweight guide pulleys → another counterweight anti-rope pulley → counterweight rope head, forming a 4:1 suspension ratio.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the load-bearing structure includes a main beam of the main unit, an auxiliary beam of the main unit, a rope head beam, and a guide wheel fixing seat fixed to the guide rail, and the horizontal projection of all traction components does not interfere with components other than the bottom of the car.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention employs a novel 4:1 traction structure, resulting in a more compact layout. All car guide wheels in the top-floor space are arranged close to the guide rails, allowing for a guide rail-supported structure. The elevator's weight can be supported by the main beam, auxiliary beam, rope head beam, and car guide wheel fixing seats fixed to the guide rails, eliminating the need for additional civil engineering load-bearing beams. Furthermore, the reduced number of car counterweight sheaves lowers costs and improves the lifespan of the traction wire ropes. The traction main unit, counterweight guide wheels, and counterweight rope heads are arranged side-by-side on the main unit mounting beam, with fixed installation positions, facilitating shaft construction and maintenance. Each traction component does not interfere with car components (except for the car bottom counterweight sheave) on the horizontal projection plane, and the top-floor height is unaffected by the traction main unit and other components, reducing the requirements for the top-floor height of the shaft and improving the utilization rate of shaft space. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a top view of the structure of a 4:1 suspended machine room-less elevator according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a 4:1 suspended machine room-less elevator according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the car guide wheel of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main beam of this utility model.

[0016] In the attached diagram: 1-Hoistway; 2-Guide rail assembly; 3-Car; 4-Counterweight; 5-Traction drive mechanism; 6-Main engine fixing device; 7-Counterweight guide rail connector; 8-Car guide rail connector; 9-Vibration damping device; 10-Car guide wheel fixing seat; 11-Guide rail support; 21-First car guide rail; 22-Second car guide rail; 23-First counterweight guide rail; 24-Second counterweight guide rail; 51-Traction main engine; 52-Car bottom anti-cord sheave; 53-Counterweight anti-cord sheave; 54-Car guide wheel; 55-Counterweight guide wheel; 56-Car rope end; 57-Counterweight rope end; 58-Rope end plate; 59-Rope end beam; 61-Main beam; 62-Auxiliary beam; 63-Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, upper end, lower end, top, bottom, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0019] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] Furthermore, in this utility model, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 4 A 4:1 suspended machine room-less elevator includes a shaft 1, a guide rail assembly 2, a car 3, a counterweight 4, and a traction drive mechanism 5; wherein: the guide rail assembly 2 includes a car guide rail group and a counterweight guide rail group, which are respectively axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the car 3 and the counterweight 4; The traction transmission mechanism 5 is fixed to the guide rail assembly 2 by a load-bearing structure, forming a 4:1 hanging transmission path, and no additional civil engineering load-bearing beam is required.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, the car guide rail assembly consists of two symmetrically arranged rails. One rail is fixed to the hoistway wall by an independent support structure, while the other rail is fixed to the hoistway wall along with the counterweight guide rail assembly via a shared support structure. Further, it should be noted that the car guide rail assembly comprises two symmetrically arranged first car guide rails 21 and second car guide rails 22. The second car guide rail 22 is fixed to the hoistway wall by an independent guide rail support, while the first car guide rail 21 and the counterweight guide rail assembly are fixed by a shared guide rail support 11, forming a "car-counterweight" shared-side support structure, reducing the number of installation points on the hoistway wall. The counterweight guide rail assembly consists of first counterweight guide rails 23 and second counterweight guide rails 24, which are symmetrical about the central axis of the counterweight 4, and together with the car guide rail assembly, form a four-point load-bearing frame.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, the traction transmission mechanism 5 includes a traction host 51, a reverse rope pulley group, a guide pulley group, a rope head assembly, and a traction steel wire rope; The anti-rope sheave assembly includes a car bottom anti-rope sheave 52 fixed to the bottom of the car 3 and symmetrically arranged about the car guide rail assembly, and a counterweight anti-rope sheave 53 fixed to the top of the counterweight 4 and symmetrically arranged about the counterweight axis. The guide wheel assembly includes a car guide wheel 54 mounted on a fixed seat and a counterweight guide wheel 55 mounted on a load-bearing structure via a fixed seat; It should be noted that the reverse rope pulley system: Car Bottom Reverse Rope Sheave 52: Two sets of four rope sheaves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the car 3 and fixed to the chassis of the car 3 by U-shaped brackets; Counterweight reverse rope pulley 53: Two single rope pulleys, fixed symmetrically about the central axis of counterweight 4 to the top of counterweight 4, with the spacing consistent with the span of the counterweight guide rail.

[0025] Guide wheel assembly: Car guide wheel 54: It is installed on the second car guide rail 22 via the car guide wheel fixing seat 10, and the wheel surface is vertically aligned with the car bottom anti-rope wheel 52; Counterweight guide wheel 55: It is installed above the notch of the main beam 61 through a flange fixing seat. The axis of the counterweight guide wheel 53 coincides with the central axis of the counterweight. The counterweight anti-rope wheel 53 is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the counterweight guide wheel 53.

[0026] The traction wire rope (not shown) is fixed at both ends to the car rope head 56 and counterweight rope head 57 of the rope head assembly, and sequentially passes through the car bottom anti-cord sheave 52, car guide sheave 54, traction main unit 51, counterweight anti-cord sheave 53, and counterweight guide sheave 55, forming a 4:1 suspension transmission path. The transmission path of the traction wire rope is as follows: Car rope head → left car bottom anti-rope sheave group → car guide sheave → right car bottom anti-rope sheave group → traction main engine rope groove (wrap angle 150°-180°) → counterweight left anti-rope sheave → counterweight guide sheave → counterweight right anti-rope sheave → counterweight rope head, forming a 4:1 suspension ratio, reducing the single rope load to 25% of the traditional 1:1 scheme.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the traction main unit 51 is installed on two counterweight guide rails and one car guide rail via a main unit fixing device 6. The main unit fixing device 6 includes a main beam 61, an auxiliary beam 62, and a connecting plate 63, forming a triangular load-bearing frame. The main beam 61 has a notch in the middle for the wire rope transmission path. It should be noted that the main beam 61 is fixed to the counterweight guide rail via the counterweight guide rail connector 7, forming a load-bearing base; the auxiliary beam 62 is connected to the car guide rail 22 via the car guide rail connector 8, forming a triangular stable frame with the main beam 61; the connecting plate 63 connects the main beam 61 and the auxiliary beam 62.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the traction main unit 51 is fixed to the connecting plate 63 by a vibration damping device 9, which is a vibration damping rubber pad. The traction main unit 51 is fixed to the connecting plate 63 by the vibration damping rubber pad. Furthermore, the axis of the traction main unit 51 is deflected by a preset angle relative to the central axis of the car 3 to reduce the deflection angle of the traction wire rope. It should be noted that the axis of the traction main unit 51 is deflected by 8°-12° relative to the central axis of the car 3 to reduce the wire rope deflection angle to ≤3°, thereby reducing the risk of derailment.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the top of the traction main unit 51 is equipped with an anti-tipping device, which is fixedly connected to the car guide rail. Specifically, the anti-tipping device is an L-shaped bracket, and the top of the traction main unit 51 is bolted to the car guide rail via the L-shaped bracket to prevent the main unit from tipping over laterally.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, the car bottom anti-reverse rope sheave 52 consists of two symmetrically arranged rope sheave groups, and the counterweight anti-reverse rope sheave 53 consists of two axially symmetrically arranged single rope sheaves.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the rope head assembly includes a car rope head 56 and a counterweight rope head 57, both fixed to a rope head plate 58. The rope head plate 58 is connected to the main beam 61 and the auxiliary beam 62 respectively via rope head beams 59. It should be noted that the car rope head 56 and the counterweight rope head 57 are fixed to a Q235B steel rope head plate, and the rope head plate 58 is connected to the main beam 61 and the auxiliary beam 62 of the main unit via M16 bolts, forming an integral load-bearing structure.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the traction wire rope transmission path is as follows: car rope head → a set of car bottom anti-reverse rope pulleys → car guide pulleys → another set of car bottom anti-reverse rope pulleys → traction host → counterweight anti-reverse rope pulleys → counterweight guide pulleys → another counterweight anti-reverse rope pulley → counterweight rope head, forming a 4:1 suspension ratio.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, the load-bearing structure includes, but is not limited to, the main beam of the main unit, the auxiliary beam of the main unit, the rope head beam 59, and the guide wheel fixing seat fixed to the guide rail. The horizontal projection of all traction components does not interfere with components other than the bottom of the car.

[0034] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: Innovative guide rail load-bearing design: The traditional concrete load-bearing beams are eliminated, and the load-bearing system is formed directly through the guide rail support, main beam, auxiliary beams and rope head beams, reducing civil engineering costs by about 20% and shortening the construction period by 3-5 days.

[0035] Improved space utilization: The traction main unit, counterweight guide wheel and other components are integrated near the guide rail assembly. The top layer height is reduced by 400-600mm compared to the traditional 4:1 scheme, and the hoistway space utilization rate is increased from 60% to 82%.

[0036] Optimized maintenance convenience: All traction components (except the car bottom anti-rope sheave) are arranged on the same horizontal plane as the main unit mounting beam, allowing maintenance personnel to perform one-stop operations through the hoistway maintenance platform, improving maintenance efficiency by 50%.

[0037] Enhanced transmission reliability: The number of bottom anti-rope pulleys is reduced by 50%, the number of wire rope loops is reduced, and combined with the main unit's anti-vibration design, the wire rope life is extended by about 30%, and the average annual maintenance cost is reduced by 12%.

[0038] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the principles of the embodiments of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the embodiments of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator, comprising a shaft, guide rail assembly, car, counterweight, and traction drive mechanism, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly includes a car guide rail group and a counterweight guide rail group. The car guide rail group is arranged axially symmetrically on both sides of the car; the counterweight guide rail group is arranged axially symmetrically on both sides of the counterweight. The traction drive mechanism is fixed to the guide rail assembly by a load-bearing structure, forming a 4:1 suspension drive path.

2. The 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The car guide rail assembly consists of two symmetrically arranged rails. One rail is fixed to the hoistway wall by an independent support structure, while the other rail and the counterweight guide rail assembly are fixed to the hoistway wall by a shared support structure.

3. The 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction transmission mechanism includes a traction main unit, a reverse rope pulley assembly, a guide pulley assembly, a rope head assembly, and a traction steel wire rope; The anti-cord sheave assembly includes a car bottom anti-cord sheave fixed to the bottom of the car and symmetrically arranged about the car guide rail assembly, and a counterweight anti-cord sheave fixed to the top of the counterweight and symmetrically arranged about the counterweight axis. The guide wheel assembly includes a car guide wheel mounted on the car guide rail assembly via a fixed seat and a counterweight guide wheel mounted on the load-bearing structure via a fixed seat; The two ends of the traction steel wire rope are respectively fixed to the car rope head and the counterweight rope head of the rope head assembly, and then pass around the car bottom anti-rope pulley, the car guide pulley, the traction host, the counterweight anti-rope pulley and the counterweight guide pulley in sequence.

4. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The traction main unit is installed on two counterweight guide rails and one car guide rail via a main unit fixing device. The main unit fixing device includes a main beam, an auxiliary beam, and a connecting plate, forming a triangular load-bearing frame. The main beam has a notch in the middle for the transmission path.

5. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The traction main unit is fixed to the connecting plate by a vibration damping device, and the axis of the traction main unit is deflected at a preset angle relative to the center axis of the car.

6. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the traction main unit is equipped with an anti-tipping device, which is fixedly connected to the car guide rail.

7. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The car bottom counter-rotating rope pulley consists of two symmetrically arranged rope pulley groups, and the counterweight counter-rotating rope pulley consists of two axially symmetrically arranged single rope pulleys.

8. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rope head assembly includes a car rope head and a counterweight rope head, both of which are fixed to a rope head plate. The rope head plate is connected to the main beam and the auxiliary beam respectively through a rope head beam.

9. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The traction wire rope transmission path is as follows: car rope head → a set of car bottom anti-rope sheaves → car guide sheaves → another set of car bottom anti-rope sheaves → traction main unit → counterweight anti-rope sheaves → counterweight guide sheaves → another counterweight anti-rope sheaves → counterweight rope head, forming a 4:1 suspension ratio.

10. A 4:1 suspended machine-room-less elevator according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The load-bearing structure includes a main beam, an auxiliary beam, a rope head beam, and a guide wheel fixing seat fixed to the guide rail. The horizontal projection of all traction components does not interfere with any components other than the bottom of the car.

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