Backfill settlement monitoring device for platform back

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of backfill settlement monitoring devices of platform, including the settlement measuring mechanism for monitoring settlement, and the fixed mechanism for connecting and positioning to settlement measuring mechanism;Settlement measuring mechanism includes the first measuring component connected on fixed mechanism, and the second measuring component is movably arranged in the first measuring component along height direction, the first measuring component is used to be suspended in the above of monitoring area and carries out settlement monitoring to the surface of monitoring area, the second measuring component is used to be inserted to the inside of monitoring area along vertical direction and carries out settlement monitoring to the different depth position of the inside of monitoring area.The device can be suspended and fixed in the above of monitoring area, without deep burying, ensure that monitoring datum will not change with the settlement of monitoring area, improve the stability of monitoring data.And the device can monitor the settlement of different depth position of monitoring area, improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring, the device simple and reliable structure, convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil engineering monitoring technology, and in particular, to a device for monitoring settlement of backfill behind abutments. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge engineering, backfilling behind abutments is a common construction procedure, and its construction quality directly affects the stability and service life of the abutments. However, due to factors such as the compressibility of backfill materials, changes in the bearing capacity of the foundation, and uneven settlement during construction, settlement often occurs in the backfilled area behind abutments. If settlement is not monitored and addressed in a timely manner, it may lead to safety hazards such as bridge approach slab settlement.

[0003] Currently, settlement monitoring of backfill areas behind abutments is typically achieved using settlement monitoring pipes. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN202152458U discloses a settlement monitoring instrument for backfill of civil engineering structures, comprising a pre-embedded component of the structure within the abutment cap, a settlement monitoring rod vertically embedded in the abutment backfill, a fixing frame mounted on the pre-embedded component, a dial indicator mounted on the fixing frame, and the top of the settlement monitoring rod fixed to the dial indicator. This device, through the cooperation of the settlement monitoring rod and the dial indicator, can periodically and directly record settlement data. However, the settlement monitoring rod requires a certain burial depth during use, which is not only complex to construct and can significantly damage the original road surface structure, but also cumbersome to install and dismantle, time-consuming to install, and has low stability after installation, making it prone to tipping over. Furthermore, the monitoring sensitivity of the settlement monitoring rod is not ideal, failing to detect settlement quickly when it occurs, thus affecting the monitoring quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a backfill settlement monitoring device for abutments to solve the technical problems of inconvenience in use and low monitoring accuracy of existing backfill settlement monitoring equipment.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a backfill settlement monitoring device is provided, comprising a settlement measuring mechanism for monitoring the amount of settlement, and a fixing mechanism for connecting and positioning the settlement measuring mechanism.

[0006] The settlement measurement mechanism includes a first measuring component connected to a fixed mechanism, and a second measuring component that moves along the height direction and passes through the first measuring component. The first measuring component is used to suspend above the monitoring area and monitor the settlement of the surface of the monitoring area, and the second measuring component is used to extend vertically into the interior of the monitoring area and monitor the settlement at different depths inside the monitoring area.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate and a fixing bracket for connecting the fixing plate and the first measuring component;

[0008] The fixed support includes a first support connected to the fixed plate and extending laterally, and a second support connected to the end of the first support away from the fixed plate and extending vertically downward. The first support and the second support together form an L-shaped structure, and the first measuring component is mounted on the second support.

[0009] Furthermore, the first measuring component includes a positioning plate fixed to a fixed bracket, and a first ranging component mounted on the positioning plate;

[0010] The positioning plate has vertical mounting holes for the second measuring component to pass through. The first ranging component is positioned facing the monitoring area and is used to monitor the distance between the positioning plate and the upper surface of the monitoring area.

[0011] Furthermore, the second measuring component includes an outer measuring element and an inner measuring element arranged coaxially, with the outer measuring element movably passing through the mounting hole and the inner measuring element movably passing through the outer measuring element;

[0012] The bottom surfaces of the external and internal measuring elements are used to be positioned at different horizontal heights within the monitoring area.

[0013] Furthermore, the external measuring component includes a measuring outer tube, an external counterweight plate fixed to the bottom of the measuring outer tube, and a second distance measuring component installed on the positioning plate. The measuring outer tube is vertically movably inserted into the mounting hole, and the external counterweight plate is located below the positioning plate.

[0014] The outer wall of the measuring tube is provided with a slope that is inclined towards the second measuring device along the vertical direction. The second measuring device is used to monitor the horizontal distance relative to the slope to determine whether the measuring tube has settled.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the measuring tube is provided with a vertical protrusion, and a slot is provided in the mounting hole along the vertical direction for the protrusion to be engaged and to circumferentially limit the measuring tube.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner measuring component includes an inner measuring tube, an inner counterweight plate fixed to the bottom of the inner measuring tube, and a third distance measuring component installed on the inner measuring tube. The inner measuring tube is vertically movably inserted into the outer measuring tube, and the inner counterweight plate is located below the outer counterweight plate.

[0017] The third measuring element is positioned facing the upper surface of the positioning plate and is used to measure the distance between the inner tube and the positioning plate.

[0018] Furthermore, a limiting plate is provided at the end of the measuring inner tube away from the inner counterweight plate, and the outer diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the inner diameter of the measuring outer tube;

[0019] The third ranging component is installed on the limiting plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the settlement measurement mechanism also includes a locking component for locking the inner and outer measuring tubes. The locking component includes a screw, a limiting nut and a locking nut that are sequentially sleeved on the screw along the axial direction. The limiting nut is located near the head of the screw, and the outer diameter of the limiting nut is larger than the outer diameter of the locking nut.

[0021] The outer wall of the measuring tube has a limiting hole for accommodating the limiting nut along the horizontal direction, and the inner wall of the protrusion has a movable hole for accommodating the locking nut along the horizontal direction. The length of the screw is less than or equal to the maximum axial distance between the limiting hole and the movable hole.

[0022] Furthermore, at least one of the first, second, and third ranging devices is used for electrical connection with the alarm device.

[0023] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This utility model's abutment backfill settlement monitoring device, through a fixing mechanism, can form a stable connection with the stable foundation above the monitoring area. The first measuring component of the settlement measurement mechanism can be suspended above the monitoring area as a settlement monitoring benchmark, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the benchmark's position and reducing the impact of external interference on the measurement results. Compared with existing technologies, it does not require deep burial, is easy to install and dismantle, reduces the difficulty of use and maintenance costs, and ensures that the monitoring benchmark does not change with the settlement of the monitoring area, improving the stability and continuity of monitoring data. The settlement measurement mechanism can measure the settlement on the surface of the monitoring area in real time through the first measuring component and measure the settlement at different depths within the monitoring area in real time through the second measuring component. Through the coordinated operation of the first and second measuring components, it can simultaneously monitor the settlement at different depths within the monitoring area, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring. Furthermore, the second measuring component can extend vertically into the interior of the monitoring area, making it suitable for settlement monitoring at different depths and under complex geological conditions, expanding the device's applicability. This utility model adopts a modular structure design, which is simple and reliable in construction, suitable for long-term settlement monitoring, and highly practical. It can be widely used in the backfill settlement monitoring of road, bridge and building projects, improving the safety and management level of municipal engineering.

[0025] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the backfill settlement monitoring device of the preferred embodiment of this utility model during use;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the backfill settlement monitoring device of the preferred embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backfill settlement monitoring device of the preferred embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 10. Fixing mechanism; 11. Fixing plate; 12. Fixing bracket; 20. Settlement measurement mechanism; 21. First measuring component; 211. Positioning plate; 2111. Mounting hole; 2112. Slot; 212. First measuring component; 22. Outer measuring component; 221. Measuring outer tube; 2211. Slope surface; 2212. Protrusion; 222. Outer counterweight plate; 223. Second measuring component; 23. Inner measuring component; 231. Measuring inner tube; 232. Inner counterweight plate; 233. Third measuring component; 234. Limiting plate; 30. Locking component; 31. Screw; 32. Locking nut; 33. Limiting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the backfill settlement monitoring device of this embodiment includes a fixing mechanism 10 and a settlement measuring mechanism 20. The settlement measuring mechanism 20 includes a first measuring component 21 and a second measuring component that is vertically movably inserted into the first measuring component 21. The first measuring component 21 is fixed to the fixing mechanism 10, and the fixing mechanism 10 can form a stable connection with the stable foundation above the monitoring area to suspend the first measuring component 21 above the monitoring area as a settlement monitoring benchmark. This ensures the accuracy and stability of the settlement monitoring benchmark position, reduces the influence of external interference on the measurement results, and compared with the prior art, it does not require deep burial and is easy to install and dismantle, reducing the difficulty of use and maintenance costs. It can also ensure that the monitoring benchmark does not change with the settlement of the monitoring area, improving the stability and continuity of the monitoring data. Preferably, the fixing mechanism 10 is fixed to the stable foundation above the monitoring area with bolts; alternatively, it can also be fixed by welding or pressing with heavy objects.

[0035] The first measuring component 21 is suspended above the monitoring area via a fixing mechanism 10 to measure the settlement of the surface of the monitoring area in real time. The second measuring component is movably inserted into the first measuring component 21 and extends into different depths within the monitoring area to measure the settlement within the monitoring area in real time. Through the coordinated operation of the first and second measuring components, settlement at different depths within the monitoring area can be monitored simultaneously, achieving multi-level monitoring and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring. Furthermore, the second measuring component can extend vertically into the interior of the monitoring area, making it suitable for settlement monitoring at different depths and under complex geological conditions, thus expanding the applicability of the device.

[0036] In use, adjust the position of the first measuring component 21 so that it is suspended above the monitoring area and its levelness is ensured. Then, install the fixing mechanism 10 in a stable position near the monitoring area to position the first measuring component 21 and make the first measuring component 21 a monitoring reference. Then, insert the second measuring component into the first measuring component 21 and extend it into the monitoring area. Adjust the insertion depth as needed. Periodically read the monitoring data of the first measuring component 21 and the second measuring component to record the settlement changes.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fixing mechanism 10 includes a fixing plate 11 and a fixing bracket 12. Both ends of the fixing bracket 12 are connected to the fixing plate 11 and the first measuring component 21, respectively. Specifically, the fixing plate 11 has bolt holes for fixing to the support structure above the monitoring area using bolts, thereby positioning the first measuring component 21 and suspending it above the monitoring area as a monitoring reference to ensure the stability of the monitoring process. Preferably, in this embodiment, the fixing plate 11 is fixed to the bridge. Preferably, two fixing brackets 12 are arranged in parallel to enhance the stability of the connection between the fixing plate 11 and the first measuring component 21.

[0038] Preferably, in this embodiment, the fixed bracket 12 includes a first bracket connected to the fixed plate 11 and extending laterally, and a second bracket connected to the end of the first bracket away from the fixed plate 11 and extending vertically downward. The first bracket and the second bracket together form an L-shaped structure, and the first measuring component 21 is mounted on the second bracket. The L-shaped fixed bracket 12 allows the fixed plate 11 and the second measuring component to be staggered in the height direction, so as to avoid the fixed plate 11 blocking the lifting and lowering of the second measuring component and preventing it from affecting the settlement monitoring of the second measuring component. Preferably, the fixed bracket 12 also includes a reinforcing rod disposed at the corner between the first bracket and the second bracket. The reinforcing rod is inclined and its two ends are fixed to the first bracket and the second bracket respectively, so as to enhance the structural stability of the fixed bracket 12.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first measuring component 21 includes a positioning plate 211 and a first ranging element 212 mounted on the positioning plate 211. Specifically, the positioning plate 211 is horizontally positioned and fixed to the bottom of the second bracket as a monitoring reference. A first mounting groove is formed on the end face of the positioning plate 211 away from the second bracket. The first ranging element 212 is installed in the first mounting groove and is positioned towards the monitoring area to measure the distance between the positioning plate 211 and the surface of the monitoring area, thereby reflecting the amount of settlement of the surface of the monitoring area. Preferably, the first ranging element 212 is a laser ranging sensor. Preferably, two first ranging elements 212 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the positioning plate 211.

[0040] The positioning plate 211 has a vertically oriented mounting hole 2111 for the second measuring component to pass through. The mounting hole 2111 provides vertical guidance and circumferential restraint for the second measuring component, ensuring that it can extend vertically into the monitoring area to measure settlement, thereby improving the accuracy of the installation position of the second measuring component and the accuracy of the monitoring results. Preferably, the mounting hole 2111 is located at the center of the positioning plate 211 to improve the structural stability of the settlement measuring mechanism 20.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the second measuring component includes an outer measuring element 22 and an inner measuring element 23 arranged coaxially. The outer measuring element 22 is movably inserted into the mounting hole 2111 and extends out from the bottom of the positioning plate 211. The inner measuring element 23 is movably inserted into the outer measuring element 22 and extends out from the bottom of the outer measuring element 22. This allows the bottom surfaces of the outer measuring element 22 and the inner measuring element 23 to be positioned at different horizontal heights within the monitoring area, so as to monitor the settlement at different depths within the monitoring area.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the external measuring component 22 includes a measuring outer tube 221, an outer counterweight plate 222, and a second ranging component 223. The measuring outer tube 221 is vertically movably inserted into the mounting hole 2111. The outer counterweight plate 222 is located below the positioning plate 211 and fixed to the end of the measuring outer tube 221 to increase the stability of the measuring outer tube 221 and ensure that the measuring outer tube 221 remains vertical during monitoring. At the same time, the outer counterweight plate 222 is set horizontally to ensure the levelness of the measuring outer tube 221 within the monitoring area and improve the accuracy of settlement monitoring.

[0043] A second mounting groove is provided in the positioning plate 211. The second mounting groove is located on the outer periphery of the mounting hole 2111 and communicates with the mounting hole 2111. The second distance measuring element 223 is installed in the second mounting groove. A ramp surface 2211 is provided on the outer wall of the end of the measuring outer tube 221 away from the outer counterweight plate 222. The ramp surface 2211 is inclined vertically towards the second distance measuring element 223 on the outer wall of the measuring outer tube 221. The second distance measuring element 223 is used to monitor the horizontal distance relative to the ramp surface, thereby determining whether the measuring outer tube 221 has settled. The depth to which the measuring outer tube 221 is inserted into the monitoring area must ensure that the bottom of the ramp surface 2211 is at a horizontal position corresponding to the second distance measuring element 223, or the bottom of the ramp surface 2211 is below the second distance measuring element, so as to measure the horizontal distance between the measuring outer tube 2211 and the ramp surface 2211. Thus, the amount of settlement of the measuring outer tube 221 at a certain depth within the monitoring area can be reflected by the change in the measured horizontal distance. Preferably, the second ranging device 223 is a laser ranging sensor.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the outer wall of the measuring outer tube 221 has a vertically oriented protrusion 2212, and the mounting hole 2111 has a vertically oriented slot 2112. The slot 2112 and the protrusion 2212 are correspondingly arranged to circumferentially limit the measuring outer tube 221 through a snap-fit ​​engagement, preventing relative rotation between the measuring outer tube 221 and the positioning plate 211. Preferably, the protrusion 2212 is located at the end of the measuring outer tube 221 away from the outer counterweight plate 222. The measuring outer tube 221 is engaged with the positioning plate 211 via protrusions 2212 and slots 2112. This ensures that the slope surface 2211 of the measuring outer tube 221 corresponds to the second measuring element 223, guaranteeing the effectiveness of the settlement monitoring results. Furthermore, it prevents the measuring outer tube 221 from rotating circumferentially relative to the positioning plate 211 within the mounting hole 2111, allowing it to move vertically up and down and avoiding horizontal deviation or tilting, thus improving the accuracy of settlement monitoring. Optionally, multiple protrusions 2212 are provided circumferentially along the outer wall of the measuring tube, and multiple slots 2112 are also provided around the positioning hole. The multiple protrusions 2212 and multiple slots 2112 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, further preventing circumferential rotation of the measuring outer tube 221 relative to the positioning plate 211 and improving the accuracy of the measuring outer tube 221's installation position.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the inner measuring component 23 includes an inner measuring tube 231, an inner counterweight plate 232, and a third measuring component 233. An axially oriented inner hole is formed inside the outer measuring tube 221. The inner measuring tube 231 is vertically inserted into the inner hole of the outer measuring tube 221, allowing it to extend vertically into the monitoring area to the desired depth, ensuring the accuracy of settlement monitoring. The inner counterweight plate 232 is positioned below the outer counterweight plate 222 and fixed to the end of the inner measuring tube 231 to increase its stability and ensure it remains vertical during monitoring. Simultaneously, the horizontally oriented inner counterweight plate 232 further ensures the stability of the inner measuring tube 231 within the monitoring area, improving the accuracy of settlement monitoring. Furthermore, by placing the inner counterweight plate 232 below the outer counterweight plate 222, the bottoms of the outer measuring component 22 and the inner measuring component 23 are at different horizontal heights within the monitoring area, thereby enabling settlement monitoring at different depths within the monitoring area, reflecting the settlement amount at different levels, and improving the accuracy of settlement monitoring.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a limiting plate 234 is provided at the end of the measuring inner tube 231 away from the inner counterweight plate 232. The limiting plate 234 is located above the positioning plate 211 and fixed to the end of the measuring inner tube 231. A third distance measuring element 233 is installed on the limiting plate 234 and is positioned towards the upper end face of the positioning plate 211. The distance between the third distance measuring element 233 and the upper end face of the positioning plate 211 is measured to record the height change of the measuring inner tube 231, thereby reflecting the settlement at deeper levels within the monitoring area. Preferably, the third distance measuring element 233 is installed on the bottom surface of the limiting plate 234; alternatively, the third distance measuring element 233 can also be installed on the side of the limiting plate 234. Preferably, the third distance measuring element 233 is a laser distance sensor. Preferably, the outer diameter of the limiting plate 234 is larger than the inner diameter of the measuring outer tube 221 to prevent the measuring inner tube 231 from detaching from the measuring outer tube 221.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the settlement measurement mechanism 20 also includes a locking element 30, which is installed inside the wall of the inner measuring tube 231 to lock the inner measuring tube 231 and the outer measuring tube 221. This is suitable for the installation and commissioning phase of the device. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the locking component 30 includes a screw 31, a locking nut 32 fixed to the end of the screw 31, and a limiting nut 33 axially sleeved on the screw 31. The outer diameter of the limiting nut 33 is larger than the outer diameter of the locking nut 32. A limiting hole is formed in the horizontal direction on the outer wall of the measuring outer tube 221. The size of the limiting hole is adapted to the size of the limiting nut 33 to accommodate it. A movable hole is formed in the horizontal direction inside the protrusion 2212. The size of the movable hole is adapted to the size of the locking nut 32 to accommodate it. The length of the screw 31 is less than or equal to the maximum axial distance between the limiting hole and the movable hole to prevent the screw 31 from protruding from the outer wall of the protrusion 2212, avoiding axial restriction of the measuring outer tube 221 by the screw 31, ensuring that the measuring outer tube 221 can slide smoothly vertically within the mounting hole 2111, and ensuring the effectiveness of the settlement measurement. When it is necessary to lock the outer measuring tube 221 to the inner measuring tube 231, the locking nut 32 can be turned to control the screw 31 to move toward the inner measuring tube 231, and locking is achieved by abutting against the outer wall of the inner measuring tube 231.

[0048] Preferably, the first ranging element 212, the second ranging element 223, and the third ranging element 233 are connected to a signal processing device to record the measurement data of the first ranging element 212, the second ranging element 223, and the third ranging element 233, thereby obtaining the settlement change in the monitoring area. At least one of the first ranging element 212, the second ranging element 223, and the third ranging element 233 is electrically connected to an alarm device. The alarm device is electrically connected to the signal processing device. When the data measured by the first ranging element 212, the second ranging element 223, and the third ranging element 233 exceeds a preset threshold in the signal processing device, the signal processing device will transmit a signal to the alarm device, causing the alarm device to issue an alarm, reminding staff to take timely measures, achieving real-time early warning, and improving the intelligence level of settlement monitoring.

[0049] Preferably, level sensors are installed on the end faces of the positioning plate 211, the outer counterweight plate 222, the inner counterweight plate 232, and the limiting plate 234 to monitor the levelness of the device during settlement monitoring. This prevents significant errors in settlement measurement caused by horizontal displacement of the positioning plate 211, the outer counterweight plate 222, the inner counterweight plate 232, and the limiting plate 234, thereby improving the accuracy of settlement monitoring. It also facilitates leveling when the device is installed in the monitoring area.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A backfill settlement monitoring device for abutments, characterized in that, It includes a settlement measurement mechanism (20) for monitoring settlement amount, and a fixing mechanism (10) for connecting and positioning the settlement measurement mechanism (20); The settlement measurement mechanism (20) includes a first measurement component (21) connected to the fixed mechanism (10) and a second measurement component that moves through the first measurement component (21) along the height direction. The first measurement component (21) is used to be suspended above the monitoring area and to monitor the settlement of the surface of the monitoring area. The second measurement component is used to extend vertically into the interior of the monitoring area and to monitor the settlement at different depths inside the monitoring area.

2. The abutment backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (10) includes a fixing plate (11) and a fixing bracket (12) for connecting the fixing plate (11) and the first measuring component (21); The fixed bracket (12) includes a first bracket connected to the fixed plate (11) and extending laterally, and a second bracket connected to the end of the first bracket away from the fixed plate (11) and extending vertically. The first bracket and the second bracket together form an L-shaped structure, and the first measuring component (21) is mounted on the second bracket.

3. The abutment backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first measuring component (21) includes a positioning plate (211) fixed on the fixed bracket (12) and a first distance measuring element (212) mounted on the positioning plate (211); The positioning plate (211) has a vertically oriented mounting hole (2111) for the second measuring component to pass through. The first ranging component (212) is positioned toward the monitoring area and is used to monitor the distance between the positioning plate (211) and the upper surface of the monitoring area.

4. The backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second measuring component includes an outer measuring element (22) and an inner measuring element (23) arranged coaxially. The outer measuring element (22) is movably inserted into the mounting hole (2111), and the inner measuring element (23) is movably inserted into the outer measuring element (22). The bottom surfaces of the external measuring element (22) and the internal measuring element (23) are used to be positioned at different horizontal heights within the monitoring area.

5. The backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The external measuring component (22) includes a measuring outer tube (221), an outer counterweight plate (222) fixed to the bottom of the measuring outer tube (221), and a second distance measuring component (223) installed on the positioning plate (211). The measuring outer tube (221) is vertically movably inserted into the mounting hole (2111), and the outer counterweight plate (222) is located below the positioning plate (211). The outer wall of the measuring outer tube (221) is provided with a slope (2211) inclined towards the second distance measuring device (223) in the vertical direction. The second distance measuring device (223) is used to monitor the horizontal distance relative to the slope (2211) to determine whether the measuring outer tube (221) has settled.

6. The abutment backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the measuring outer tube (221) is provided with a protrusion (2212) along the vertical direction, and the mounting hole (2111) is provided with a slot (2112) along the vertical direction for the protrusion (2212) to be engaged to circumferentially limit the measuring outer tube (221).

7. The backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner measuring component (23) includes an inner measuring tube (231), an inner counterweight plate (232) fixed to the bottom of the inner measuring tube (231), and a third measuring component (233) installed on the inner measuring tube (231). The inner measuring tube (231) is vertically movably inserted into the outer measuring tube (221), and the inner counterweight plate (232) is located below the outer counterweight plate (222). The third measuring element (233) is positioned facing the upper end face of the positioning plate (211) and is used to measure the distance between the measuring inner tube (231) and the positioning plate (211).

8. The abutment backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measuring inner tube (231) is provided with a limiting plate (234) at one end away from the inner counterweight plate (232), and the outer diameter of the limiting plate (234) is larger than the inner diameter of the measuring outer tube (221). The third ranging element (233) is mounted on the limiting plate (234).

9. The backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The settlement measuring mechanism (20) further includes a locking member (30) for locking the inner measuring tube (231) and the outer measuring tube (221). The locking member (30) includes a screw (31), a locking nut (32) fixed on the screw (31), and a limiting nut (33) threaded to the outside of the screw (31). The outer diameter of the limiting nut (33) is larger than the outer diameter of the locking nut (32). The outer wall of the measuring tube (221) is provided with a limiting hole for accommodating the limiting nut (33) in the horizontal direction. The protrusion (2212) is provided with a movable hole for accommodating the locking nut (32) in the horizontal direction. The length of the screw (31) is less than or equal to the maximum axial distance between the limiting hole and the movable hole.

10. The backfill settlement monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least one of the first ranging device (212), the second ranging device (223), and the third ranging device (233) is used for electrical connection with the alarm device.

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