Sma dampers for complex mortise-tenon joints of beam-column in ancient timber structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a SMA (Silk Motion Absorption) damping device for complex mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden beam-column structures. An upper connecting plate is located on the beam, and a lower connecting plate is located below the beam, connected to each other. The lower connecting plate is equipped with a first SMA wire guide bar and a first SMA wire baffle. Several fixing bolts are installed on the first SMA wire baffle. Several fixing components are installed on the column, each fixed circumferentially. Each fixing component includes an arc-shaped connecting plate. A second SMA wire guide bar and a second SMA wire baffle are installed between the two ends of the arc-shaped connecting plate. Several SMA wire pre-tightening bolts are installed on the second SMA wire baffle. The SMA wire pre-tightening bolts are hollow structures. One end of the SMA wire is fixed to the fixing bolt, and the other end of the SMA wire passes through the first and second SMA wire guide bars and then through the SMA wire pre-tightening bolt to connect with the SMA wire anchor. This device enables the mortise and tenon joint to have both energy dissipation and deformation self-recovery functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vibration reduction technology of civil engineering structures, and relates to a SMA vibration reduction device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquakes are highly destructive and sudden natural disasters. Strong earthquakes can cause severe damage to ancient buildings in an instant. The complex mortise and tenon joints of the beams and columns in the wooden structure of ancient buildings play a crucial role in earthquake resistance and are the core of the structural stability of ancient buildings. When an earthquake occurs, these complex joints, due to their unique structural form and material properties, will undergo extremely complex stress changes, thus having a profound impact on the overall stability of ancient buildings and causing incalculable losses.

[0003] The failure mechanism of traditional mortise and tenon joints in earthquakes mainly manifests as: stress concentration due to the anisotropy of wood, limited frictional energy dissipation capacity, and asymmetric deformation under complex multidimensional seismic action. While improved mortise and tenon joints have been optimized to some extent, several problems remain. For example, some new auxiliary connectors may increase the complexity of the joints, leading to greater construction difficulty and potentially introducing new weak points. Furthermore, wood, as a primary building material, has relatively poor bending and shear resistance. When subjected to horizontal and vertical seismic forces, the mortise and tenon joints are insufficient in load-bearing capacity and prone to cracking. This is particularly pronounced at corners and mortise-tenon joint surfaces due to stress concentration. Existing reinforcement techniques often employ iron reinforcement or modern structural adhesives, but these suffer from drawbacks such as altering the original appearance, poor material compatibility, and difficulty adapting to the shrinkage and expansion characteristics of wood. More importantly, conventional reinforcement methods cannot achieve the dual functions of energy dissipation and deformation self-recovery, failing to meet the preservation requirements of "restoring the old as it was" for cultural heritage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a SMA shock absorption device for complex joints of mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden structures. This device enables the mortise and tenon joints to have the dual functions of energy dissipation and deformation self-recovery.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a SMA vibration damping device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures, including an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, and several SMA wires.

[0006] The upper connecting plate is located on the beam, and the lower connecting plate is located below the beam. The upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected. The lower connecting plate is provided with a first SMA wire steering rod and a first SMA wire baffle. The first SMA wire baffle is provided with several fixing bolts.

[0007] The column is provided with several fixing components, each fixed to the column circumferentially. Each fixing component includes an arc-shaped connecting plate. A second SMA wire guide bar and a second SMA wire baffle are provided between the two ends of the arc-shaped connecting plate. The second SMA wire baffle is provided with several SMA wire pre-tightening bolts. The SMA wire pre-tightening bolts are hollow structures. One end of the SMA wire is fixed to the fixing bolt, and the other end of the SMA wire passes through the first SMA wire guide bar and the second SMA wire guide bar and then passes through the SMA wire pre-tightening bolt to connect with the SMA wire anchor.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected by a connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the arc-shaped connecting plates in adjacent fixed components are connected by connecting bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the plane formed by the central axis of the first SMA wire baffle and the fixing bolt is perpendicular to the ground.

[0011] Furthermore, both the upper and lower connecting plates are provided with first bolt fastening holes for connecting the connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing bolts on the same first SMA wire baffle are distributed at equal intervals.

[0013] Furthermore, the preload bolts of each SMA wire on the same second SMA wire baffle are distributed at equal intervals.

[0014] Furthermore, the plane formed by the central axis of the arc-shaped connecting plate, connecting bolt, second SMA wire baffle, SMA wire preload bolt, and SMA wire anchor is parallel to the ground.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower connecting plate has second bolt fastening holes on both sides for connecting the first SMA wire steering rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle between the SMA wire and the beam / column is 45°.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The SMA damping device for complex mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden beam-column structures described in this utility model, during operation, utilizes four sets of symmetrically arranged oblique SMA wires to effectively dampen seismic forces from any direction. If a seismic force in one direction causes the column to tilt, the four sets of SMA wires tighten and loosen accordingly (while remaining in a pre-tightened state), thus limiting the column's tilting deformation. During this process, it avoids creating numerous weak connection points in the structure, causing no damage to the structure itself. Furthermore, the SMA wires effectively dissipate three-dimensional seismic energy, significantly reducing the three-dimensional seismic response of complex mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden beam-column structures. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural system of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the structural system nodes of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side view of the beam connection device of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the beam connection device of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the column fastening device of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a side view of the column fastening device of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the two-layer node structure of this utility model;

[0027] Wherein, 1 is the upper connecting plate; 2 is the lower connecting plate; 3 is the connecting rod; 4 is the SMA wire steering rod; 5 is the first SMA wire baffle; 6 is the fixing bolt; 7 is the arc-shaped connecting plate; 8 is the connecting bolt; 9 is the second SMA wire baffle; 10 is the SMA wire preload bolt; and 11 is the SMA wire anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0030] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0031] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" relationship.

[0032] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe preset ranges in the embodiments of this utility model, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this utility model, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0033] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0035] The accompanying drawings show various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged and may have been omitted for clarity. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 7 The SMA shock absorption device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures described in this utility model includes an upper connecting plate 1, a lower connecting plate 2, and several SMA wires.

[0037] The upper connecting plate 1 is located on the beam, and the lower connecting plate 2 is located below the beam. The upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 are connected by a connecting rod 3. The lower connecting plate 2 is provided with a first SMA wire steering rod 4 and a first SMA wire baffle 5. The first SMA wire baffle 5 is provided with several fixing bolts 6.

[0038] Several fixing components are provided on the column, and each fixing component is fixed to the column circumferentially. Each fixing component includes an arc-shaped connecting plate 7. A second SMA wire steering rod 4 and a second SMA wire baffle 9 are provided between the two ends of the arc-shaped connecting plate 7. Several SMA wire pre-tightening bolts 10 are provided on the second SMA wire baffle 9. The SMA wire pre-tightening bolts 10 are hollow structures. One end of the SMA wire is fixed to the fixing bolt 6, and the other end of the SMA wire passes through the first SMA wire steering rod 4 and the second SMA wire steering rod 4 and then passes through the SMA wire pre-tightening bolt 10 to connect with the SMA wire anchor 11.

[0039] The arc-shaped connecting plates 7 in adjacent fixed components are connected by connecting bolts 8.

[0040] The plane formed by the central axis of the first SMA wire baffle 5 and the fixing bolt 6 is perpendicular to the ground.

[0041] The plane formed by the central axis of the arc-shaped connecting plate 7, the connecting bolt 8, the second SMA wire baffle 9, the SMA wire pre-tightening bolt 10, and the SMA wire anchor 11 is parallel to the ground.

[0042] The horizontal distance between the plane formed by the central axis of the first SMA wire baffle 5 and the fixing bolt 6 and the column is 150mm; the vertical distance between the plane formed by the central axis of the arc-shaped connecting plate 7, the connecting bolt 8, the second SMA wire baffle 9, the SMA wire pre-tightening bolt 10 and the SMA wire anchor 11 and the beam is 150mm; the angle between the SMA wire and the beam and column is 45°.

[0043] Both the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 have two first bolt fastening holes, which are connected by connecting rods 3, forming a rectangular ring between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2. The lower connecting plate 2 has second bolt fastening holes on both sides for connecting the first SMA wire steering rod 4, ensuring the first SMA wire steering rod 4 is securely connected to the lower connecting plate 2 and does not rotate relative to it. The arc-shaped connecting plate 7 has two third bolt fastening holes and a fourth bolt fastening hole. The third bolt fastening holes close the gap between two arc-shaped connecting plates 7, forming a circular ring that fits onto the column. The fourth bolt fastening hole connects to the second SMA wire steering rod 4, preventing relative rotation between the second SMA wire steering rod 4 and the second SMA wire baffle 9.

[0044] This invention describes a vibration reduction and control process for complex beam-column mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden structures under three-dimensional seismic loading. The beam connection device controls the vertical and horizontal forces of the three-dimensional seismic load. Vertical seismic loading causes significant relative vertical displacement at the complex beam-column mortise and tenon joint. When the left (right) beam experiences upward vertical displacement, the right (left) beam experiences downward vertical displacement. The SMA wires on the left (right) side tighten to limit the vertical displacement at the beam ends, while the SMA wires on the right (left) side loosen accordingly (but remain in a pre-tightened state). Simultaneously, the SMA steering device on the left (right) side limits the upward vertical displacement of the beam, and vice versa, thus significantly reducing the vertical displacement of the beam and ensuring that the beam-column connection is not vertically pulled apart. At the same time, the SMA wires on the left (right) side limit the horizontal displacement of the left (right) beam, transferring part of the horizontal seismic load from the left (right) beam to the column.

[0045] This invention provides seismic damping control for columns. By symmetrically arranging four sets of diagonally oriented SMA wires, it effectively dampens seismic forces from any direction. If a seismic force in one direction causes the column to tilt, the four sets of SMA wires tighten and loosen accordingly (while remaining in a pre-tightened state), thus limiting the column's tilting deformation. During this process, the SMA wires are connected via beam-connecting devices and column-fastening devices, avoiding the creation of numerous weak connection points in the structure and preventing damage to the structure itself. Furthermore, the SMA wires effectively dissipate three-dimensional seismic energy, significantly reducing the three-dimensional seismic response of complex mortise and tenon joints in ancient wooden beam-column structures.

[0046] Other embodiments of this utility model will readily conceive of by those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and disclosure thereof. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this utility model that follow the general principles of this utility model and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this utility model are indicated by the following claims.

[0047] It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the present utility model. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A SMA vibration damping device for complex mortise and tenon joints in the beams and columns of ancient wooden structures, characterized in that, Includes an upper connecting plate (1), a lower connecting plate (2), and several SMA wires; The upper connecting plate (1) is located on the beam, and the lower connecting plate (2) is located below the beam. The upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2) are connected. The lower connecting plate (2) is provided with a first SMA wire steering rod (4) and a first SMA wire baffle (5). The first SMA wire baffle (5) is provided with several fixing bolts (6). The column is provided with several fixing components. Each fixing component is fixed to the column in the circumferential direction. Each fixing component includes an arc-shaped connecting plate (7). A second SMA wire steering bar (4) and a second SMA wire baffle (9) are provided between the two ends of the arc-shaped connecting plate (7). A number of SMA wire pre-tightening bolts (10) are provided on the second SMA wire baffle (9). The SMA wire pre-tightening bolts (10) are hollow structures. One end of the SMA wire is fixed to the fixing bolt (6). The other end of the SMA wire passes around the first SMA wire steering bar (4) and the second SMA wire steering bar (4) and then passes through the SMA wire pre-tightening bolt (10) to connect with the SMA wire anchor (11). The plane formed by the central axis of the first SMA wire baffle (5) and the fixing bolt (6) is perpendicular to the ground; The fixing bolts (6) on the same first SMA wire baffle (5) are distributed at equal intervals; The SMA wire preload bolts (10) on the same second SMA wire baffle (9) are evenly spaced; The plane formed by the central axis of the arc-shaped connecting plate (7), connecting bolt (8), second SMA wire baffle (9), SMA wire preload bolt (10) and SMA wire anchor (11) is parallel to the ground. The angle between the SMA wire and the beam / column is 45°.

2. The SMA vibration damping device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2) are connected by a connecting rod (3).

3. The SMA vibration damping device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped connecting plates (7) in adjacent fixed components are connected by connecting bolts (8).

4. The SMA vibration damping device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2) are provided with first bolt fastening holes for connecting the connecting rod (3).

5. The SMA vibration damping device for complex joints of beams and columns in ancient wooden structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower connecting plate (2) has second bolt fastening holes on both sides for connecting the first SMA wire steering rod (4).

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