Electrode assembly convenient to disassemble and electromagnetic flowmeter thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electromagnetic flowmeter especially, it is a kind of electrode assembly and its electromagnetic flowmeter convenient to dismount, electrode assembly includes: multiple electrodes and fixed mechanism, fixed mechanism includes: two inner fixed parts and two outer fixed parts, inner fixed part is inlaid with the outer wall of measuring conduit, outer fixed part is inlaid with the inner wall of measuring conduit, two inner fixed parts are connected, two outer fixed parts are connected, and inner fixed part and outer fixed part install multiple electrodes to measuring conduit jointly.The utility model is by inner fixed part and outer fixed part mutual cooperation, to realize multiple electrode synchronous installation, compared to the installation mode of the independent installation of multiple electrodes of prior art, this mode simple structure, it is easy to operate, multiple electrode synchronous installation can improve the installation efficiency of electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electromagnetic flowmeter technology, and in particular to an electrode assembly that is easy to disassemble and assemble and its electromagnetic flowmeter. Background Technology

[0002] An electromagnetic flowmeter is an industrial measuring instrument used to measure the volumetric flow rate of conductive liquids and slurries in closed pipes. Due to its advantages, it has been widely used in many industries and has become a common flow meter for liquid flow measurement. The electrode is the component of the electromagnetic flowmeter that picks up the flow signal. During the measurement process, the electrode is in direct contact with the measured medium. Therefore, to adapt to different measurement conditions of different media (e.g., requirements for corrosion resistance, wear resistance, temperature, pressure, etc.), different electrode materials, different structural forms, and different installation methods need to be selected.

[0003] When measuring media such as sewage and slurry, scale or wear can easily form on the electrode surface. When the conductivity of the scale is different from that of the measured medium, it will introduce measurement errors, causing the instrument output to fluctuate and drift. When the electrode contact surface is worn, it may affect the sealing performance and introduce measurement errors. Therefore, in some cases, it is necessary to maintain the electrodes (e.g., replace the electrodes).

[0004] Currently, electrodes are mostly installed inside the measuring conduit, and multiple electrodes are installed at different positions in the measuring conduit using different mounting structures. However, since multiple electrodes are installed independently, the installation efficiency is low. In addition, since the cross-sectional shape of the measuring conduit is usually circular, the constraint force of multiple independently installed electrodes is poor, and they are prone to shaking due to the shaking of the entire electromagnetic flowmeter, which will affect the stability of the electrodes, and thus affect the installation effect of the electrodes and the subsequent measurement accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: in order to solve the problem of low installation efficiency of multiple electrodes installed independently, this utility model provides an electrode assembly and its electromagnetic flowmeter that are easy to disassemble and assemble. By improving the electrode installation method, multiple electrodes can be installed simultaneously, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the electrodes.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: an electrode assembly that is easy to assemble and disassemble, comprising: multiple electrodes and a fixing mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises: two inner fixing parts and two outer fixing parts, the inner fixing parts are fitted to the outer wall of the measuring conduit, the outer fixing parts are fitted to the inner wall of the measuring conduit, the two inner fixing parts are connected together, the two outer fixing parts are connected together, and the inner fixing parts and the outer fixing parts together install the multiple electrodes onto the measuring conduit.

[0007] Therefore, by cooperating with the internal and external fixing parts, multiple electrodes can be installed simultaneously. Compared with the existing installation method of installing multiple electrodes independently, this method has a simpler structure, is easier to operate, and can improve the installation efficiency of electrodes by installing multiple electrodes simultaneously. In addition, after the electrodes are installed, they are not only constrained by the measuring conduit, but multiple electrodes can also be constrained by each other through the internal and external fixing parts to improve the stability of the electrodes, thereby improving the installation effect of the electrodes and improving the measurement accuracy of the entire electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the internal fixing part includes: an inner arc-shaped fixing plate and multiple internal fixing seats. The internal fixing seats are slidably connected to the inner arc-shaped fixing plate, and the internal fixing seats are threadedly connected to the electrodes, so that the electrodes are installed on the internal fixing seats; wherein: the number of internal fixing seats is equal to the number of electrodes. Thus, multiple internal fixing seats can achieve the installation and fixing of multiple electrodes; the slidable connection between the internal fixing seats and the inner arc-shaped fixing plate allows adjustment of the relative position of the internal fixing seats to the inner arc-shaped fixing plate, thereby adjusting the installation position of the electrodes to accommodate the installation of electrodes from different models of electromagnetic flowmeters; the threaded connection between the electrodes and the internal fixing seats facilitates the removal of the electrodes from the internal fixing seats.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: an inner sealing ring is provided on the side of the inner fixing seat near the outer fixing part. Therefore, the sealing effect of the electrode being installed on the measuring conduit can be improved by the inner sealing ring.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the external fixing part includes: an outer arc-shaped fixing plate and multiple external fixing seats. The external fixing seats are slidably connected to the outer arc-shaped fixing plate, and the external fixing seats are slidably connected to the electrodes, so that the electrodes are sleeved on the external fixing seats; wherein: the number of external fixing seats is equal to the number of electrodes. Thus, multiple external fixing seats can achieve the installation and fixing of multiple electrodes; the slidable connection between the external fixing seats and the outer arc-shaped fixing plate allows adjustment of the relative position of the external fixing seats to the outer arc-shaped fixing plate, thereby adjusting the installation position of the electrodes to accommodate the installation of electrodes of different models of electromagnetic flowmeters; the slidable connection between the external fixing seats and the electrodes facilitates the installation and removal of the electrodes relative to the measuring conduit.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: an outer sealing ring is provided on the side of the outer fixing seat near the inner fixing part. Therefore, the sealing effect of the electrode being installed on the measuring conduit can be improved by the outer sealing ring.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fixing mechanism further includes a locking member, through which the two external fixing parts are connected; two locking members are provided, each located at one end of the external fixing part. Thus, the locking member enables the installation and removal of the two external fixing parts, thereby allowing the installation and removal of the electrode relative to the measuring catheter.

[0013] An electromagnetic flowmeter includes: an electrode assembly that is easy to assemble and disassemble, a measuring conduit, and a converter. The electrode assembly extends through the measuring conduit, and the inner side of the electrode assembly is in contact with the inner wall of the measuring conduit. The outer wall of the electrode assembly is in contact with the outer wall of the measuring conduit. The converter is located outside the measuring conduit and is connected to the measuring conduit.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the measuring conduit has multiple mounting holes, and the electrodes pass through the mounting holes; the number of mounting holes is equal to the number of electrodes.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the side of the inner sealing ring near the outer fixing part is inserted into the mounting hole, and the side of the outer sealing ring near the inner fixing part is inserted into the mounting hole, and the side of the inner sealing ring near the outer fixing part abuts against the side of the outer sealing ring near the inner fixing part.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the inner wall of the measuring conduit has multiple first limiting grooves at positions relative to the mounting hole, and the inner fixing seat is inserted into the first limiting groove. The outer wall of the measuring conduit has multiple second limiting grooves at positions relative to the mounting hole, and the outer fixing seat is inserted into the second limiting groove. The number of first limiting grooves and the number of second limiting grooves are equal to the number of electrodes. Therefore, the first limiting grooves can limit the inner fixing seat, and the second limiting grooves can limit the outer fixing seat, thus further improving the stability of the electrodes after installation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model achieves simultaneous installation of multiple electrodes by using the cooperation of the inner and outer fixing parts. Compared with the existing installation method of installing multiple electrodes independently, this method has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can improve the installation efficiency of electrodes by installing multiple electrodes simultaneously. In addition, after the electrodes are installed, they are not only constrained by the measuring guide tube, but multiple electrodes can also be constrained by each other through the inner and outer fixing parts to improve the stability of the electrodes, thereby improving the installation effect of the electrodes and improving the measurement accuracy of the entire electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0018] 2. This utility model can achieve the installation and fixation of multiple electrodes through multiple internal fixing seats and multiple external fixing seats.

[0019] 3. This utility model, through the sliding connection between the inner fixed base and the inner arc-shaped fixed piece, allows adjustment of the relative position of the inner fixed base relative to the inner arc-shaped fixed piece, thereby adjusting the electrode installation position to accommodate the installation of electrodes for different models of electromagnetic flowmeters; similarly, through the sliding connection between the outer fixed base and the outer arc-shaped fixed piece, the relative position of the outer fixed base relative to the outer arc-shaped fixed piece can be adjusted to adjust the electrode installation position, thus accommodating the installation of electrodes for different models of electromagnetic flowmeters.

[0020] 4. This utility model can improve the sealing effect of the electrode being installed on the measuring guide tube by using an inner sealing ring and an outer sealing ring. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode assembly of this utility model that is easy to assemble and disassemble; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of this utility model that is easy to assemble and disassemble. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal fixing part of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external fixing part of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic flowmeter of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the measuring catheter of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Electrode; 2. Fixed mechanism; 3. Internal fixation unit; 301. Inner arc-shaped fixing piece; 302. Inner fixing seat; 303. Inner sealing ring; 4. External fixation components; 401. Outer arc-shaped fixing piece; 402. Outer fixing base; 403. Outer sealing ring; 5. Measurement catheter; 501. Mounting hole; 502. First limiting groove; 503. Second limiting groove; 6. Locking components; 7. Converter. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an electrode assembly that is easy to install and disassemble includes: multiple electrodes 1 and a fixing mechanism 2. The fixing mechanism 2 includes: two inner fixing parts 3 and two outer fixing parts 4. The inner fixing parts 3 are fitted to the outer wall of the measuring conduit 5, and the outer fixing parts 4 are fitted to the inner wall of the measuring conduit 5. The two inner fixing parts 3 are connected, and the two outer fixing parts 4 are connected. The inner fixing parts 3 and the outer fixing parts 4 together install the multiple electrodes 1 onto the measuring conduit 5. Thus, by the cooperation of the inner fixing parts 3 and the outer fixing parts 4, the multiple electrodes 1 can be installed synchronously. Compared with the existing installation method of installing multiple electrodes 1 independently, this method has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can improve the installation efficiency of the electrodes 1 by installing multiple electrodes 1 synchronously. In addition, after the electrodes 1 are installed, the electrodes 1 are not only constrained by the measuring conduit 5, but the multiple electrodes 1 can also be constrained by each other through the inner fixing parts 3 and the outer fixing parts 4 to improve the stability of the electrodes 1, thereby improving the installation effect of the electrodes 1 and improving the measurement accuracy of the entire electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0028] It should be noted that: 1. The two internal fixation parts 3 together form an inner circle that fits against the inner wall of the measuring catheter 5, and the two external fixation parts 4 together form an outer circle that fits against the outer wall of the measuring catheter 5. II. The multiple electrodes 1 are divided into two parts. One part of the electrodes 1 is fixed to the measuring conduit 5 by an internal fixing part 3 and an external fixing part 4, and the other part of the electrodes 1 is fixed to the measuring conduit 5 by another internal fixing part 3 and another external fixing part 4.

[0029] In this embodiment, the inner fixing part 3 includes: an inner arc-shaped fixing piece 301 and multiple inner fixing seats 302. The inner fixing seats 302 are slidably connected to the inner arc-shaped fixing piece 301, and the inner fixing seats 302 are threadedly connected to the electrode 1 so that the electrode 1 can be installed on the inner fixing seat 302. An inner sealing ring 303 is provided on the side of the inner fixing seat 302 near the outer fixing part 4. The number of inner fixing seats 302 is equal to the number of electrodes 1. Thus, multiple inner fixing seats 302 can realize the installation and fixing of multiple electrodes 1. The slidable connection between the inner fixing seat 302 and the inner arc-shaped fixing piece 301 can adjust the relative position of the inner fixing seat 302 with respect to the inner arc-shaped fixing piece 301 to adjust the installation position of the electrode 1, so as to adapt to the installation of electrodes 1 of different models of electromagnetic flowmeters. The threaded connection between the electrode 1 and the inner fixing seat 302 makes it easy to remove the electrode 1 from the inner fixing seat 302. The inner sealing ring 303 can improve the sealing effect of the electrode 1 installed on the measuring conduit 5.

[0030] In this embodiment, the external fixing part 4 includes: an outer arc-shaped fixing piece 401 and multiple outer fixing seats 402. The outer fixing seats 402 are slidably connected to the outer arc-shaped fixing piece 401, and the outer fixing seats 402 are slidably connected to the electrode 1, so that the electrode 1 is sleeved on the outer fixing seat 402. An outer sealing ring 403 is provided on the side of the outer fixing seat 402 near the inner fixing part 3. The number of outer fixing seats 402 is equal to the number of electrodes 1. Thus, multiple outer fixing seats 402 can realize the installation and fixing of multiple electrodes 1. The slidable connection between the outer fixing seat 402 and the outer arc-shaped fixing piece 401 can adjust the relative position of the outer fixing seat 402 with respect to the outer arc-shaped fixing piece 401, so as to adjust the installation position of the electrode 1, thereby adapting to the installation of electrodes 1 of different models of electromagnetic flowmeters. The slidable connection between the outer fixing seat 402 and the electrode 1 facilitates the installation and removal of the electrode 1 relative to the measuring conduit 5. The outer sealing ring 403 can improve the sealing effect of the electrode 1 installed on the measuring conduit 5.

[0031] It should be noted that: 1. The threaded connection between the inner fixing seat 302 and the electrode 1 is to facilitate the installation and removal of the electrode 1 relative to the inner fixing seat 302; II. The sliding connection between the external fixed base 402 and the electrode 1 means that it is convenient for the electrode 1 to be installed and removed relative to the entire electromagnetic flowmeter. 3. The threaded connection between electrode 1 and the inner fixing seat 302 is a preparatory step before installing electrode 1 into the measuring conduit 5.

[0032] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 2 further includes a locking member 6, through which the two external fixing parts 4 are connected; two locking members 6 are provided, located at both ends of the external fixing parts 4 respectively. Thus, the locking member 6 enables the installation and removal of the two external fixing parts 4, thereby enabling the installation and removal of the electrode 1 relative to the measuring conduit 5.

[0033] Specifically, the two outer arc-shaped fixing pieces 401 are connected by the locking piece 6.

[0034] For example, locking component 6 uses bolts.

[0035] The installation process of electrode 1 of this utility model is as follows: First, in the initial state, electrode 1 is threadedly connected to inner fixing seat 302. According to the installation position of electrode 1 of different models of electromagnetic flowmeter, the position of inner fixing seat 302 relative to inner arc-shaped fixing piece 301 is adjusted, and the position of outer fixing seat 402 relative to outer arc-shaped fixing piece 401 is adjusted. Next, the inner fixing part 3 together with electrode 1 is placed inside the measuring conduit 5, so that the inner arc-shaped fixing piece 301 is in contact with the inner wall of the measuring conduit 5, and electrode 1 passes through the mounting hole 501. Then, the outer arc-shaped fixing part is in contact with the outer wall of the measuring conduit 5, and the outer fixing seat 402 is sleeved on the outside of electrode 1. Finally, the two outer arc-shaped fixing pieces 401 are fixed by locking piece 6, and the installation operation of electrode 1 can be realized (that is, electrode 1 is installed on measuring conduit 5).

[0036] The disassembly process of electrode 1 of this utility model is as follows: First, rotate and loosen the locking part 6 so that the constraint forces of the two outer arc-shaped fixing pieces 401 come into contact; then, remove the outer fixing part 4 from the measuring guide tube 5; finally, remove the inner fixing part 3 from the measuring guide tube 5 and make electrode 1 disengage from the mounting hole 501, so that the disassembly operation of electrode 1 can be realized (that is, electrode 1 is removed from the measuring guide tube 5).

[0037] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, an electromagnetic flowmeter includes: an electrode assembly that is easy to disassemble and assemble, a measuring conduit 5, and a converter 7. The electrode assembly that is easy to disassemble and assemble passes through the measuring conduit 5, and the inner side of the electrode assembly that is easy to disassemble and assemble is in contact with the inner wall of the measuring conduit 5. The outer wall of the electrode assembly that is easy to disassemble and assemble is in contact with the outer wall of the measuring conduit 5. The converter 7 is located outside the measuring conduit 5 and is connected to the measuring conduit 5.

[0038] In this embodiment, the measuring conduit 5 has multiple mounting holes 501, and the electrode 1 passes through the mounting holes 501; the number of mounting holes 501 is equal to the number of electrodes 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inner sealing ring 303 is inserted into the mounting hole 501 on the side near the outer fixing part 4, and the outer sealing ring 403 is inserted into the mounting hole 501 on the side near the inner fixing part 3, and the side of the inner sealing ring 303 near the outer fixing part 4 abuts against the side of the outer sealing ring 403 near the inner fixing part 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the measuring conduit 5 is provided with multiple first limiting grooves 502 relative to the mounting hole 501, and the inner fixing seat 302 is inserted into the first limiting grooves 502. The outer wall of the measuring conduit 5 is provided with multiple second limiting grooves 503 relative to the mounting hole 501, and the outer fixing seat 402 is inserted into the second limiting grooves 503. The number of first limiting grooves 502 and the number of second limiting grooves 503 are equal to the number of electrodes 1. Thus, the first limiting grooves 502 can limit the inner fixing seat 302, and the second limiting grooves 503 can limit the outer fixing seat 402, thereby further improving the stability of the electrode 1 after installation.

[0041] In summary, this utility model achieves simultaneous installation of multiple electrodes 1 by cooperating with the inner fixing part 3 and the outer fixing part 4. Compared with the existing installation method of installing multiple electrodes 1 independently, this method has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and improves the installation efficiency of electrodes 1 by installing multiple electrodes 1 simultaneously. In addition, after the electrodes 1 are installed, the electrodes 1 are not only constrained by the measuring conduit 5, but the multiple electrodes 1 can also be constrained by each other through the inner fixing part 3 and the outer fixing part 4 to improve the stability of the electrodes 1, thereby improving the installation effect of the electrodes 1 and improving the measurement accuracy of the entire electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0042] The above description is based on the preferred embodiments of this utility model. Through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electrode assembly that is easy to assemble and disassemble, characterized in that, include: Multiple electrodes (1), and Fixing mechanism (2), said fixing mechanism (2) includes: Two internal fixation parts (3) and two external fixation parts (4) are provided. The internal fixation parts (3) are attached to the outer wall of the measuring catheter (5), and the external fixation parts (4) are attached to the inner wall of the measuring catheter (5). The two internal fixation parts (3) are connected to each other, and the two external fixation parts (4) are connected to each other. The internal fixation parts (3) and the external fixation parts (4) together install multiple electrodes (1) onto the measuring catheter (5).

2. The electrode assembly for easy assembly and disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal fixation part (3) includes: An inner arc-shaped fixing plate (301) and a plurality of inner fixing seats (302) are provided, wherein the inner fixing seats (302) are slidably connected to the inner arc-shaped fixing plate (301) and the inner fixing seats (302) are threadedly connected to the electrode (1) so that the electrode (1) is mounted on the inner fixing seat (302); Wherein: the number of the inner fixing base (302) is equal to the number of the electrodes (1).

3. The electrode assembly for easy assembly and disassembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, An inner sealing ring (303) is provided on the side of the inner fixing seat (302) near the outer fixing part (4).

4. The electrode assembly for easy assembly and disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external fixation part (4) includes: An outer arc-shaped fixing piece (401) and a plurality of outer fixing seats (402) are provided. The outer fixing seats (402) are slidably connected to the outer arc-shaped fixing piece (401) and the outer fixing seats (402) are slidably connected to the electrode (1) so that the electrode (1) is sleeved on the outer fixing seat (402). Wherein: the number of the external fixing bases (402) is equal to the number of the electrodes (1).

5. The electrode assembly for easy assembly and disassembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, An outer sealing ring (403) is provided on the side of the outer fixing seat (402) near the inner fixing part (3).

6. The electrode assembly for easy assembly and disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (2) also includes: The locking member (6) connects the two external fixing parts (4). There are two locking members (6), which are located at both ends of the outer fixing part (4).

7. An electromagnetic flowmeter, characterized in that, include: The electrode assembly that is easy to disassemble and assemble according to any one of claims 1-6; The measuring conduit (5) has an easily detachable electrode assembly that passes through it, and the inner side of the easily detachable electrode assembly is in contact with the inner wall of the measuring conduit (5), and the outer wall of the easily detachable electrode assembly is in contact with the outer wall of the measuring conduit (5). The converter (7) is located outside the measuring catheter (5) and connected to the measuring catheter (5).

8. The electromagnetic flowmeter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measuring conduit (5) has multiple mounting holes (501), and the electrode (1) passes through the mounting holes (501). The number of mounting holes (501) is equal to the number of electrodes (1).

9. The electromagnetic flowmeter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner sealing ring (303) is inserted into the mounting hole (501) on the side near the outer fixing part (4), and the outer sealing ring (403) is inserted into the mounting hole (501) on the side near the inner fixing part (3), and the side of the inner sealing ring (303) near the outer fixing part (4) abuts against the side of the outer sealing ring (403) near the inner fixing part (3).

10. The electromagnetic flowmeter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner wall of the measuring conduit (5) is provided with a plurality of first limiting grooves (502) at a position relative to the mounting hole (501), and the inner fixing seat (302) is inserted into the first limiting groove (502). The outer wall of the measuring conduit (5) is provided with a plurality of second limiting grooves (503) at a position relative to the mounting hole (501), and the outer fixing seat (402) is inserted into the second limiting groove (503). The number of the first limiting groove (502) and the number of the second limiting groove (503) are equal to the number of the electrodes (1).

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