Novel soilless root-controlled planting box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel soilless root control planting box relates to the field of agriculture, including planting box body, nutrient solution storage pool and water pump, the inside of planting box body is provided with arc breathable grid, the inside of planting box body of arc breathable grid bottom is provided with nutrient solution tray, the inside of planting box body of nutrient solution tray bottom is provided with root guide inclined plate, the one side of planting box body is installed with nutrient solution storage pool, and the bottom of upper water pipe is installed with water pump, the utility model discloses a root control structure of planting box body, layered tray, arc breathable grid, root guide inclined plate, combines nutrient solution storage pool, water pump, the circulation system of upper and lower water pipe, realizes crop root directional layered growth and nutrient accurate supply under the soilless environment, avoids the root system fast jamming pipeline, increases the plant capillary root system contact nutrient solution area greatly simultaneously, provides more nutrient absorption for the growth of plant, and significantly improves water -saving efficiency, reaches the efficient planting target of adaptation urban non -agricultural field scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agriculture, specifically a novel soilless root-controlling planting box. Background Technology

[0002] As an important cultivation carrier in facility agriculture, the planting box is a key piece of equipment for realizing intensive and controllable crop cultivation. Especially in the field of soilless cultivation, it provides a stable environment for crop growth by integrating functions such as substrate support, nutrient supply, and root regulation. It is widely used in urban agriculture, greenhouse cultivation and other scenarios, and can be adapted to a variety of crops such as fruit trees and vegetables, meeting the planting needs of non-agricultural areas and high-efficiency cultivation.

[0003] Currently, most existing planting boxes lack directional guidance for root growth and tiered retention design. Roots tend to extend rapidly and extensively to the bottom of the box, causing blockages in the nutrient solution circulation pipes, affecting the stable operation of the system, and making it difficult to meet the cultivation needs of crops with long planting cycles and well-developed root systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel soilless root-controlling planting box to solve the problem of roots rapidly extending to the bottom of the planting box and clogging the circulation pipes in existing facility cultivation techniques.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a novel soilless root-controlling planting box, comprising a planting box body, a nutrient solution storage tank, and a water pump; the interior of the planting box body is provided with an arc-shaped breathable mesh, and a nutrient solution tray is provided inside the planting box body at the bottom of the arc-shaped breathable mesh, and a root-guiding inclined plate is provided inside the planting box body at the bottom of the nutrient solution tray; a nutrient solution storage tank is installed on one side of the planting box body, a water inlet pipe is provided on one side of the planting box body at the top of the nutrient solution storage tank, a water pump is installed at the bottom of the water inlet pipe, and a water return pipe is provided on one side of the planting box body at the bottom of the water inlet pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the planting box is made of plastic sheet, the arc-shaped breathable mesh is a stainless steel perforated plate structure, the nutrient solution tray and nutrient solution storage pool are both made of plastic, the root guide plate is made of plastic substrate and biochemical cotton composite, and the bottom of the planting box is filled with nutrient liquid.

[0007] Preferably, a planting trough is formed above the arc-shaped breathable mesh inside the planting box, and the planting trough is filled with artificial substrate, which is used for the establishment of plant roots and initial growth.

[0008] Preferably, the edge of the arc-shaped breathable mesh is seamlessly attached to the inner wall of the planting box, and the arc-shaped breathable mesh is supported and fixed to the bottom of the nutrient solution tray, which not only ensures that part of the artificial substrate comes into contact with the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tray, but also guides the roots to grow vertically downward.

[0009] Preferably, the nutrient solution tray has a multi-layer structure and is distributed at intervals along the height direction of the planting box.

[0010] Preferably, the angle between the root guide plate and the bottom of the planting box is 45°.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. This utility model fills the planting trough of a planting box with artificial substrate and plants suitable crops. A water pump drives the nutrient solution to be delivered to each nutrient solution tray through the water supply pipe. Combined with the arc-shaped breathable mesh to guide the roots to penetrate and absorb nutrients, and the root guide plate to guide the fibrous roots to extend in layers, the nutrient solution is circulated in a closed loop with the return water pipe. At the same time, the directional retention of the roots by each nutrient solution tray significantly extends the time for the roots to reach the bottom of the box, effectively solving the problem of roots rapidly extending to the bottom of the box and clogging the water supply pipe outlet and return water pipe inlet in facility cultivation. Moreover, the entire process does not rely on natural soil, which significantly improves water saving compared with traditional soil cultivation. It also allows for convenient management of crop growth by adjusting the concentration of nutrient solution and the circulation frequency. It successfully adapts to the soilless planting needs of non-agricultural areas such as urban balconies and rooftops, and provides efficient cultivation conditions for fruit trees and large fruits and vegetables with long planting cycles and well-developed root systems.

[0013] 2. This utility model designs the root guide plate as a composite structure of a plastic substrate and a biochemical cotton covering. The plastic substrate ensures the stability of the inclined plate and the nutrient solution flow, while the porous, breathable, and water-retaining properties of the biochemical cotton covering create a suitable microenvironment with stable humidity for root extension, reducing root wilting and loss due to water loss, significantly improving root transfer survival rate and promoting smooth stratified extension. At the same time, by adjusting the water pump operating parameters according to the crop root growth rate and nutrient requirements, the nutrient solution delivery and circulation rate can be flexibly changed. This ensures sufficient nutrient supply for crops with high nutrient requirements and fast growth, and avoids nutrient waste for crops with low nutrient requirements and slow growth. This further optimizes the precision of nutrient supply for crop growth, improves root growth stability and resource utilization efficiency, and helps to achieve more efficient and low-cost soilless cultivation in urban non-agricultural areas. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure provided for an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] In the picture:

[0018] 1. Planting box; 2. Curved breathable mesh; 3. Nutrient solution tray; 4. Root guide plate; 5. Nutrient solution storage tank; 6. Water pump; 7. Water supply pipe; 8. Water return pipe; 9. Artificial substrate; 10. Nutrient solution. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 2 As shown:

[0021] Example 1: This utility model provides a novel soilless root control planting box, including a planting box body 1, a nutrient solution storage tank 5, and a water pump 6; the planting box body 1 is provided with an arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 inside, and a nutrient solution tray 3 is provided inside the planting box body 1 at the bottom of the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2, and a root guide plate 4 is provided inside the planting box body 1 at the bottom of the nutrient solution tray 3; a nutrient solution storage tank 5 is installed on one side of the planting box body 1, a water inlet pipe 7 is provided on one side of the planting box body 1 at the top of the nutrient solution storage tank 5, a water pump 6 is installed at the bottom of the water inlet pipe 7, and a water return pipe 8 is provided on one side of the planting box body 1 at the bottom of the water inlet pipe 7.

[0022] In the application and operation of the new soilless root control planting box, the artificial substrate 9 is first evenly filled into the pre-set planting trough area inside the planting box 1 to ensure that the substrate filling density is uniform and covers the bottom of the first layer of nutrient solution tray. Then, the seedlings of crops with long planting cycles and strong root sprouting ability, such as fruit trees and large fruits and vegetables, are planted in the artificial substrate 9 according to the plant spacing requirements to ensure that the crop roots are in full contact with the substrate. After the device is started, the special nutrient solution prepared in the nutrient solution storage tank 5 is precisely delivered to the nutrient solution trays 3 inside the planting box 1 through the water pipe 7 under the fixed frequency drive of the water pump 6. This maintains the nutrient solution level in each tray at 3-5 cm, meeting the absorption needs of the crop roots. During the crop growth period, the roots extend radially in the artificial substrate 9. Attracted by the water-fertilizer gradient difference in the lower nutrient solution tray 3, they gradually penetrate the mesh of the arc-shaped breathable grid 2 and enter the nutrient solution tray 3 to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as water, supporting the growth of crop branches and leaves and the development of fruits. When the density of fibrous roots in a single nutrient solution tray 3 is high, the fibrous roots will extend orderly to the next nutrient solution tray 3 along the inclined slope of the root guide plate 4, following the natural flow direction of the nutrient solution in the tray, and continuously obtain the nutrients required for growth. Nutrient solution not fully absorbed by the roots in each nutrient solution tray 3 is uniformly returned to the nutrient solution storage tank 5 through the return water pipe 8, achieving closed-loop recycling of the nutrient solution. During this process, because each nutrient solution tray 3 has a directional retention effect on the roots, the crop roots take a longer time to reach the bottom of the planting box 1 from planting. This effectively avoids the problem of rapid and excessive root extension to the bottom, which could cause blockage of the water outlet 7 and the water inlet 8. Furthermore, the multi-layered nutrient solution tray 3 configuration significantly increases the contact area of ​​the plant's capillary roots with the nutrient solution, providing more nutrients for plant growth. The device does not rely on natural soil throughout the process, saving more water compared to traditional soil cultivation. It also facilitates crop growth management by adjusting the nutrient solution concentration and circulation frequency, making it suitable for soilless planting scenarios in non-agricultural areas such as urban balconies and rooftops.

[0023] In one embodiment of this utility model, a planting trough is formed inside the planting box 1 above the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2, and the planting trough is filled with artificial substrate 9, which is used for the establishment of plant roots and initial growth.

[0024] In the early stages of crop planting, crop seedlings are planted in artificial substrate 9 in planting troughs. Artificial substrate 9 can simulate the fixing effect of soil, providing a stable planting environment for seedling roots, preventing seedlings from lodging, and helping seedlings to quickly adapt to the growth environment. At the same time, artificial substrate 9 has good water and fertilizer retention properties, and can absorb and slowly release the nutrients and water needed for seedling growth in the early stages, meeting the absorption needs of seedling roots when they are weak, and promoting the initial growth and development of roots.

[0025] In one embodiment of this utility model, the edge of the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 is seamlessly attached to the inner wall of the planting box 1, and the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 is supported and fixed to the bottom of the nutrient solution tray 3, which not only ensures that part of the artificial substrate 9 comes into contact with the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tray 3, but also guides the roots to grow vertically downward.

[0026] The curved, breathable mesh 2 seamlessly fits the inner wall of the planting box 1, effectively preventing roots from growing haphazardly through the gaps between the mesh and the box wall. This prevents roots from tangling around the inner wall of the planting box 1 or clogging the water return pipe 8 and water supply pipe 7 interfaces, ensuring concentrated root growth. It also prevents nutrient solution leakage from the gaps, guaranteeing effective circulation and utilization of the nutrient solution within the planting box 1. The curved, breathable mesh 2 is fixed to the bottom of the nutrient solution tray 3 on both sides, ensuring that some of the artificial substrate 9 comes into contact with the nutrient solution in the tray 3, thus forming a guiding structure towards the source of the nutrient solution. During crop growth, roots naturally grow towards areas with sufficient water and fertilizer. The curved mesh structure physically guides the roots, encouraging them to grow vertically downwards and precisely extend towards the nutrient solution tray 3. This reduces disorderly root spread within the planting trough, increases the efficiency of roots reaching the nutrient solution tray 3, and ensures that the crop can absorb sufficient nutrient solution in a timely manner, promoting crop growth and development.

[0027] In one embodiment of this utility model, the nutrient solution tray 3 has a multi-layer structure and is distributed at intervals along the height direction of the planting box 1.

[0028] The multi-layered nutrient solution trays 3 create a tiered nutrient supply zone within the planting box 1. In the early stages of crop growth, the roots first reach the upper nutrient solution tray 3 to absorb the nutrient solution and achieve initial growth. As the roots continue to develop, when the density of fibrous roots in the upper tray reaches a certain level and nutrient competition intensifies, the roots, guided by the root guide plate 4, gradually extend to the lower nutrient solution tray 3 to continue obtaining sufficient nutrients.

[0029] In one embodiment of this utility model, the angle between the root guide plate 4 and the bottom of the planting box 1 is 45°.

[0030] The 45° tilt angle is precisely designed to ensure smooth flow of nutrient solution on the surface of the root guide plate 4, preventing water accumulation on the plate that could lead to root rot, while also providing a suitable slope for root extension. As roots grow along the root guide plate 4, the 45° slope prevents excessive resistance to root growth, hindering downward extension, or too much slowing down root growth and affecting nutrient absorption efficiency.

[0031] Working Principle: When using this planting box, crop seedlings are planted into the device. The roots of the plants, within the artificial substrate 9 of the planting box 1, are drawn downwards through the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 by the attraction of water and fertilizer from the lower layer, entering the first-layer nutrient solution tray 3 to absorb nutrients. Once the plant's fibrous roots fill the tray, they extend along the nutrient flow through the root guide plate 4 to the next tray. The plant's nutrient supply is provided by a circulation system consisting of a nutrient solution storage tank 5, a water pump 6, an inlet pipe 7, the nutrient solution tray 3, and a return pipe 8. Because each tray has a certain root-supporting function, the plant roots take a relatively long time to reach the bottom of the box. Therefore, this system is particularly suitable for planting fruit trees, large fruits and vegetables, crops with long growing cycles, and crops with well-developed root systems. It effectively solves the problem of roots rapidly extending to the bottom of the planting box and clogging the circulation pipes in facility cultivation. This device is water-saving, environmentally friendly, and easy to manage, making it particularly suitable for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables in urban non-agricultural environments.

[0032] Example 2: This example is basically the same as the previous example, except that the planting box 1 is made of plastic board, the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 is a stainless steel perforated plate structure, the nutrient solution tray 3 and the nutrient solution storage pool 5 are both made of plastic material, the root guide plate 4 is made of plastic substrate and biochemical cotton composite, and the bottom of the planting box 1 is filled with nutrient liquid 10.

[0033] The planting box 1 is made of plastic sheeting, possessing excellent corrosion resistance and lightweight characteristics. It provides stable installation space for internal components while preventing rust caused by prolonged contact with nutrient solution, thus extending the overall lifespan of the device. The arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 is a perforated stainless steel plate structure. While guiding roots to grow vertically downwards, the stainless steel material prevents corrosion damage to the mesh during root growth. The perforated design ensures air circulation, creating a breathable environment for the roots and preventing root rot due to lack of oxygen. The nutrient solution tray 3 and nutrient solution storage tank 5 are made of plastic, which is not only lightweight and low-cost but also effectively prevents chemical reactions between the nutrient solution and the material, ensuring the stability of the nutrient solution composition and guaranteeing the safe and reliable absorption of nutrients by the crops. The root guide plate 4 consists of a plastic base plate and biochemical cotton. Made of composite materials, the plastic substrate provides stable support for the inclined plate, maintaining a 45° tilt angle to ensure smooth flow of nutrient solution and guide orderly root extension. The biochemical cotton, with its porous structure, combines air permeability and water retention, providing a moist and breathable microenvironment for the roots as they move along the inclined plate. This reduces root damage caused by water loss or lack of oxygen, improving root extension survival rate. The nutrient solution 10 filled at the bottom of the planting box 1 can serve as a supplementary reserve for the nutrient solution circulation system. When the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage tank 5 is insufficient, the nutrient solution 10 at the bottom can temporarily provide nutrients to the bottom roots, preventing crop growth stagnation due to short-term supply interruption. At the same time, it complements the nutrient solution returning through the return water pipe 8, further ensuring the stability of the nutrient solution circulation.

[0034] The system employs a composite structure consisting of a plastic substrate and a biochemical cotton covering. The plastic substrate provides stable support for the inclined plate, ensuring a stable tilt angle and good nutrient solution flow. The biochemical cotton covering adheres tightly to the surface of the plastic substrate, and its porous nature provides both air permeability and water retention. This creates a suitable microenvironment with stable humidity for the roots during the inclined plate extension process, reducing root wilting and loss caused by rapid water loss, and significantly improving the survival rate of roots during transfer. This allows roots to extend more smoothly from the upper tray to the lower tray. Regarding nutrient solution circulation control, the rate at which the nutrient solution is delivered to the nutrient solution tray 3 along the water supply pipe 7 is flexibly adjusted based on the root growth rate and nutrient requirements of the planted crop by regulating the operating parameters of the water pump 6. For crops with fast root growth and high nutrient requirements, the water flow rate can be appropriately increased. Pump 6 operates efficiently, accelerating the delivery and circulation of nutrient solution to ensure a sufficient and fresh supply of nutrients in each tray layer, meeting the needs of rapid crop growth and fruiting. For crops with slow root growth and low fertilizer requirements, the operating efficiency of pump 6 is reduced to slow down the nutrient solution circulation rate and avoid excessive nutrient consumption and waste. The rest of the workflow is completely consistent with Example 1. Crop roots are attracted by the water-fertilizer gradient in the artificial substrate 9, penetrating the arc-shaped breathable mesh 2 and entering the nutrient solution tray 3. After the fibrous roots in the tray reach saturation, they extend along the root guide plate 4 covered with biochemical cotton to the lower tray. Unabsorbed nutrient solution flows back to the nutrient solution storage tank 5 through the return water pipe 8. The layered root-supporting effect effectively avoids the blockage of the circulation pipe, ultimately achieving the goal of water-saving, environmentally friendly, and precise management of soilless planting in urban non-agricultural fields.

[0035] Working Principle: The root guide plate 4 adopts a composite structure of a plastic substrate and a biochemical cotton covering. The plastic substrate provides stable support for the plate, ensuring a stable tilt angle and good nutrient solution flow. The biochemical cotton covering is tightly adhered to the surface of the plastic substrate. Due to its porous nature, it provides both air permeability and water retention, creating a suitable microenvironment with stable humidity for the roots during the extension process. This reduces root wilting and loss caused by rapid water loss, significantly improving the survival rate of roots during transfer. It allows roots to extend more smoothly from the upper tray to the lower tray, circulating the nutrient solution effectively. In terms of environmental regulation, based on the root growth rate and nutrient requirements of the planted crops, the operating parameters of the water pump 6 are adjusted to flexibly change the rate at which the nutrient solution is delivered to the nutrient solution tray 3 via the water supply pipe 7. For crops with fast root growth and high nutrient requirements, the operating efficiency of the water pump 6 is appropriately increased to accelerate the delivery and circulation of the nutrient solution, ensuring that each tray layer always has a sufficient and fresh supply of nutrients to meet the needs of rapid crop growth and fruiting. For crops with slow root growth and low nutrient requirements, the operating efficiency of the water pump 6 is reduced to slow down the nutrient solution circulation rate and avoid excessive consumption and waste of nutrients.

[0036] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel soilless root-controlling planting box, characterized in that: It includes a planting box (1), a nutrient solution storage tank (5), and a water pump (6); The planting box (1) is provided with an arc-shaped ventilation mesh (2) inside. A nutrient solution tray (3) is provided inside the planting box (1) at the bottom of the arc-shaped ventilation mesh (2). A root guide plate (4) is provided inside the planting box (1) at the bottom of the nutrient solution tray (3). A nutrient solution storage tank (5) is installed on one side of the planting box (1). A water supply pipe (7) is installed on the top of the nutrient solution storage tank (5) on one side of the planting box (1). A water pump (6) is installed at the bottom of the water supply pipe (7). A return water pipe (8) is installed at the bottom of the water supply pipe (7) on one side of the planting box (1).

2. The novel soilless root-controlling planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting box (1) is made of plastic board, the arc-shaped breathable mesh (2) is a stainless steel perforated plate structure, the nutrient solution tray (3) and the nutrient solution storage pool (5) are both made of plastic material, the root guide plate (4) is made of plastic substrate and biochemical cotton composite, and the bottom of the planting box (1) is filled with nutrient liquid (10).

3. The novel soilless root-controlling planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting box (1) forms a planting trough above the arc-shaped breathable mesh (2) inside, and the planting trough is filled with artificial substrate (9). The artificial substrate (9) is used for the establishment of plant roots and initial growth.

4. The novel soilless root-controlling planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the arc-shaped breathable mesh (2) fits seamlessly with the inner wall of the planting box (1). The arc-shaped breathable mesh (2) is supported and fixed to the bottom of the nutrient solution tray (3), which ensures that part of the artificial substrate (9) comes into contact with the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tray (3) and guides the roots to grow vertically downward.

5. The novel soilless root-controlling planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient solution tray (3) has a multi-layer structure and is distributed at intervals along the height direction of the planting box (1).

6. The novel soilless root-controlling planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the root guide plate (4) and the bottom of the planting box (1) is 45°.

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