A primary screening device for soil testing

Abstract

The utility model relates to soil detection field discloses a primary screening device for soil detection, including frame, primary grinding mechanism, detachable wet screen, first and second conveying mechanism controlled by telescopic mechanism, horizontal conveying mechanism, fourth conveying mechanism, impurity collection mechanism, low temperature drying system and filter device. Through the adjustment of the position of conveying mechanism of the dismounting and telescopic mechanism of wet screen, the flexible switching of two kinds of processing modes of dry soil and wet soil is realized. Light impurities can be separated efficiently under dry mode; preliminary filtration can be carried out under wet mode. The low temperature drying and dust filtering function are integrated in two modes, realizing the efficient, environmental protection primary screening of different humidity soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil testing, and in particular to a primary screening device for soil testing. Background Technology

[0002] Soil testing is a crucial foundational task in fields such as civil engineering, environmental monitoring, agricultural production, and geological research. Before testing, collected soil samples require pretreatment such as grinding and sieving to obtain representative analytical samples. Currently, indoor, field, or on-site soil sieving largely relies on manual operation, which suffers from low efficiency, poor uniformity, and significant dust pollution. For soils with low moisture content, while manual grinding is relatively feasible, it still cannot effectively separate impurities such as shells, brick fragments, and glass shards, which can affect the accuracy of subsequent test results. Furthermore, existing small-scale mechanical sieving equipment is limited in function and unsuitable for sieving soils with high moisture content. It typically only has vibrating sieving capabilities and lacks integrated impurity screening, low-temperature drying, and dust collection capabilities, failing to meet the demands for rapid, environmentally friendly, and efficient on-site sample preparation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a primary sieving device for soil testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a primary screening device for soil testing. Its purpose is to integrate multiple functions such as preliminary grinding, vibrating screening, gravity and air separation to remove light impurities, low-temperature drying, and dust filtration, thereby improving screening efficiency and purity.

[0004] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, comprising a frame; a primary grinding mechanism disposed on the upper part of the frame; a wet screen detachably disposed below the discharge port of the primary grinding mechanism; and a first conveying mechanism and a second conveying mechanism located below the wet screen. The telescopic mechanism allows the first and second conveying mechanisms to be mounted on the frame and driven to reciprocate between an extended working position and a retracted avoidance position. A horizontal conveying mechanism is located below the first and second conveying mechanisms; A low-temperature drying system is located above or to the side of the horizontal conveying mechanism; The filter device is connected to the air outlet of the low-temperature drying system; The fourth conveying mechanism is inclinedly disposed below the discharge end of the horizontal conveying mechanism; An impurity collection mechanism is connected to the side of the first conveying mechanism.

[0005] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein the telescopic mechanism includes a lead screw, a nut cooperating with the lead screw, a slider, a guide rail, and a drive motor. The brackets of the first and second conveying mechanisms are fixed on the slider, the slider moves along the guide rail, the lead screw is threadedly connected to the nut, and the nut is fixed to the bracket.

[0006] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein a vibrator is provided below the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism.

[0007] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein the first conveying mechanism is an inclined conveyor belt with a brush above it for intercepting and guiding impurities, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with sharp corners.

[0008] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein a pressure sensor for detecting materials and controlling their start and stop is provided below the bearing surface of the horizontal conveying mechanism.

[0009] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein the filter device has a fine screen and filter material arranged sequentially along the airflow direction inside, and is a detachable structure.

[0010] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein the impurity collection mechanism is a detachable collection box.

[0011] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein the vibrator is a rechargeable small vibrator.

[0012] This utility model discloses a primary screening device for soil testing, wherein the primary grinding mechanism is a grinding mill.

[0013] The difference between this utility model and the existing technology is that: Dual-mode adaptive: By adding a detachable wet screen and a retractable conveying mechanism, the device can flexibly switch between dry and wet soil treatment modes, significantly expanding its applicability.

[0014] High degree of functional integration: It integrates crushing, dry and wet screening, air separation, drying, dust removal and other functions into a compact device, realizing integrated operation of primary soil screening.

[0015] High screening efficiency and purity: In dry mode, an inclined conveyor belt combined with vibration and gravity differences achieves efficient automatic separation; in wet mode, a wet screen is used for preliminary filtration. Both modes are further enhanced by low-temperature drying and air separation to remove impurities and moisture.

[0016] Environmentally friendly and easy to operate: A filtration device is installed to effectively collect dust and reduce dust pollution. The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates a primary screening device for soil testing according to this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a primary screening device for soil testing. Figure 2 This is an isometric view of a primary sieving device for soil testing in wet mode; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of a primary sieving device for soil testing in dry mode; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of sharp angles.

[0018] In the diagram: Frame 1, primary grinding mechanism 2, wet screen 3, first conveying mechanism 4, second conveying mechanism 5, horizontal conveying mechanism 6, low temperature drying system 7, filter device 8, fourth conveying mechanism 9, telescopic mechanism 10, impurity collection mechanism 11; 12. Lead screw, 13. Bracket, 14. Guide rail, 15. Drive motor, 16. Nut, 17. Slider, 30. Rectangular through hole, 31. Support plate, 32. Sleeve, 33. Handle, 40. Vibrator, 41. Brush, 42. Sharp corner, 71. Heating blower, 72. Air inlet, 73. Air outlet, 82. Ventilation baffle, 81. Fine screen. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a primary screening device for soil testing, which has two working modes: dry and wet.

[0021] The frame 1 serves as the supporting structure for the entire device. A primary grinding mechanism 2 is installed on top of the frame 1. In this embodiment, it is a grinding mill, used for the initial crushing and grinding of the input lumpy soil. It is a commonly used soil grinding device.

[0022] A wet screen 3 is detachably installed below the discharge port of the grinding mill. This wet screen 3 is installed and used when processing soil with high moisture content to intercept large particles and weeds; it can be removed when processing soil with low moisture content. The specific removal method is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, a rectangular through hole 30 is opened on the housing of the frame 1. A sleeve 32, a guide rod and a spring are fixed on the inner wall of the rectangular through hole 30. The guide rod is fixed to the support plate 31. A wet screen 3 is set above the support plate 31. When the wet screen 3 is not in use, it can be pulled out through its handle 33. Furthermore, a vibrator 40 can be set on the support plate 31 to make the wet screen 3 vibrate. Multiple such mechanisms can be set around the wet screen 3 to maintain stability.

[0023] Below the wet screen 3, a first conveyor mechanism 4 and a second conveyor mechanism 5 are arranged, forming a screening unit mainly composed of a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt. The first conveyor belt is inclined and rotates clockwise, with its higher end connected to an impurity collection mechanism 11, preferably a detachable collection box, for collecting impurities. A brush 41 is arranged above the first and second conveyor belts to assist in impurity separation. The second conveyor belt has a smaller inclination angle than the first conveyor belt, is located below the discharge end of the first conveyor belt, and rotates counterclockwise. Its higher end is connected to the impurity collection mechanism 11. Vibrators 40, which are rechargeable small vibrators, are installed below both the first and second conveyor belts to promote material dispersion and screening. The first and second conveyor belts have evenly spaced sharp corners that do not obstruct soil movement and can hook and transport large impurities such as shells and glass to the collection box.

[0024] The first and second conveyor belts are integrally mounted on the frame 1 via a telescopic mechanism 10. Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic mechanism 10 includes a lead screw 12, a nut 16 that mates with the lead screw 12, a slider 17, a guide rail 14 that serves as a guide, and a drive motor 15 that drives the lead screw 12 to rotate. The supports 13 for the first and second conveyor belts are fixed to the slider 17. When the telescopic mechanism 10 is working, the drive motor 15 drives the lead screw 12 to rotate, causing the nut 16 to move, which in turn causes the slider 17, along with the first and second conveyor belts on the support 13, to reciprocate horizontally along the guide rail 14, thereby achieving the desired movement. Figure 3 The “stretch working position” shown is for dry soil and as follows Figure 2 The image shows the switching between "avoidance position" for wet soil.

[0025] Directly below the screening units of the first and second conveyor belts, a counter-clockwise rotating horizontal conveyor mechanism 6 is installed. This horizontal conveyor mechanism 6 cooperates with the low-temperature drying system 7, which includes a heated blower 71, an air inlet 72, and an air outlet 73, for gently drying the soil on the horizontal conveyor mechanism 6 and blowing away light impurities. The air outlet 73 is connected to a detachable filter device 8, which contains a fine screen 81 and filter material, and has a breathable baffle 82 at the outlet to capture dust and fine impurities. Furthermore, a pressure sensor is installed below the bearing surface of the horizontal conveyor mechanism to detect materials and control its start and stop.

[0026] The filter device 8 is detachable as follows: a through hole is opened in the air outlet 73, a fine screen 81 is inserted into it, and cotton wool is made into a square and fixed on the frame and also inserted into it. After installation, the through hole is sealed with cotton wool.

[0027] Below the discharge end of the horizontal conveyor 6, a fourth conveyor 9 is inclinedly arranged to transport the soil that has undergone primary screening, drying and purification to subsequent processing systems such as fine grinding screening or collection points.

[0028] Work process: Mode 1, dry soil mode, such as Figure 3Remove the wet screen 3. The telescopic mechanism 10 pushes the first and second conveyor belts to the extended working position. After the soil is initially ground by the grinding mill, it falls directly onto the first conveyor belt. Under vibration, the soil separates from impurities. Shells, bricks, glass shards, etc., come into contact with the first conveyor belt through sliding friction, resulting in high resistance. They move in the same direction as the clockwise rotating first conveyor belt, rising and falling into the collection box. The brush and sharp corner 42 can effectively intercept the downward-moving shells, bricks, and glass shards. They are then conveyed to the collection box by the first conveyor belt. The contact between the soil and the first conveyor belt is roughly rolling friction, causing the soil to roll in the opposite direction of the inclined first conveyor belt. The soil mainly falls into the second conveyor belt for further screening, and then is transferred to the horizontal conveyor mechanism 6. The soil that continues to move downward falls onto the horizontal conveyor mechanism 6 and is then dried by the heating blower 71, air inlet 72, and air outlet 73 forming a low-temperature drying system 7. The purpose is to dry the soil after the first grinding and remove volatile gases under mild conditions. At the same time, the heating blower 71 cleans the remaining fine weeds, shells, bricks, and glass shards in the soil into the filter device 8, thereby achieving efficient drying while retaining the original quality of the material, such as organic matter and active ingredients. The filter device 8 is equipped with a fine sieve 81 of a certain mesh size and cotton wool. The fine sieve 81 intercepts weeds, small shells, bricks, and glass shards in the air outlet 73, while dust is trapped in the cotton wool. The air outlet 73 is equipped with a breathable baffle 82 to ensure airflow within the device. The soil on the horizontal conveyor mechanism 6, after being dried at low temperature and air-separated, is sent out by the fourth conveyor mechanism 9.

[0029] Mode 2, wet soil mode, such as Figure 2 Install wet screen 3. Telescopic mechanism 10 retracts the first and second conveyor belts to the clearance position. After the high-moisture soil is initially ground by the grinding mill, it falls onto wet screen 3. Large impurities are intercepted, while soil particles fall directly through wet screen 3 onto the horizontal conveyor mechanism 6 below. After low-temperature drying, it is sent out by the fourth conveyor mechanism 9 for fine screening and grinding.

[0030] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A primary screening device for soil testing, characterized in that: include A frame (1); a primary grinding mechanism (2) is located on the upper part of the frame (1); a wet screen (3) is detachably located below the discharge port of the primary grinding mechanism (2); a first conveying mechanism (4) and a second conveying mechanism (5) are located below the wet screen (3); The telescopic mechanism (10) is used to mount the first transmission mechanism (4) and the second transmission mechanism (5) on the frame (1) and can be driven by it to reciprocate between the extended working position and the retracted avoidance position. A horizontal conveying mechanism (6) is disposed below the first conveying mechanism (4) and the second conveying mechanism (5); A low-temperature drying system (7) is disposed above the horizontal conveying mechanism (6); The filter device (8) is connected to the air outlet (73) of the low-temperature drying system (7); The fourth conveying mechanism (9) is inclinedly arranged below the discharge end of the horizontal conveying mechanism (6); Impurity collection mechanism (11) is connected to the side of the first conveying mechanism (4).

2. The primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (10) includes a lead screw (12), a nut (16), a slider (17), a guide rail (14), and a drive motor (15). The brackets (13) of the first transmission mechanism (4) and the second transmission mechanism (5) are fixed on the slider (17). The slider (17) moves along the guide rail (14). The lead screw (12) is threadedly connected to the nut (16), and the nut (16) is fixed to the bracket (13).

3. The primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vibrator (40) is provided below the first conveying mechanism (4) and the second conveying mechanism (5).

4. The primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first conveying mechanism (4) is an inclined conveyor belt with a brush (41) above it for intercepting impurities, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with sharp corners (42).

5. A primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided below the bearing surface of the horizontal conveying mechanism (6).

6. The primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter device (8) has a fine screen (81) and filter material arranged sequentially along the airflow direction inside.

7. A primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The impurity collection mechanism (11) is a detachable collection box.

8. A primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibrator (40) is a rechargeable small vibrator.

9. A primary screening device for soil testing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The primary grinding mechanism (2) is a grinding mill.

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