A circuit arrangement capable of real-time synchronization of the pulses of an electric energy meter to a CIU

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for electric monitoring technical field provides a kind of circuit device that can real-time synchronous electric energy meter pulse to CIU, including electric meter end sending reception and bus detection circuit and CIU end communication interface circuit, the utility model effectively solves the technical bottleneck of traditional periodic meter reading mode in real-time aspect, lays the key foundation for subsequent power consumption state analysis, fault early warning and energy efficiency optimization and other technical scheme innovation, improves system anti-interference ability by optimizing communication link design, guarantees the stability of data transmission under electromagnetic noise, voltage fluctuation and other scenarios, provides reliable data source for subsequent real-time data processing, reduces invalid data interaction by accurate data acquisition and transmission strategy, improves the data bearing efficiency of unit bandwidth, finally realizes the real-time visualization of electric meter instantaneous pulse counting and state indicating lamp, provides intuitive, efficient technical support for user side power consumption monitoring and management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electricity monitoring technology, specifically a circuit device that can synchronize the pulses from the electricity meter to the CIU in real time. Background Technology

[0002] In current remote meter reading systems, communication between traditional CIU devices and electricity meters mainly relies on periodic data acquisition mechanisms. Although this technology has been widely used in the field of remote meter reading, its technical bottlenecks in high-precision electricity monitoring scenarios are becoming increasingly significant, specifically in three core dimensions: real-time performance, anti-interference capabilities, and bandwidth utilization.

[0003] Traditional CIU (Cyclic Interval Unit) devices generally employ a periodic meter reading mode, with a typical data acquisition interval of 15 minutes. This architecture results in the inability to capture instantaneous changes in the meter's status (such as abnormal pulse flickering or rate switching) in real time. This is especially problematic during the start-up and shutdown of high-power appliances like air conditioner compressors, where non-real-time acquisition easily leads to pulse loss and distortion of the user's electricity consumption curve. More critically, alarm signals such as meter fault indicators and reverse power consumption require waiting for the next meter reading cycle or manual refresh by the user before being reported to the CIU, resulting in significant time delays and severely impacting monitoring timeliness. Meanwhile, the MBUS bus, as a mainstream communication technology, suffers from multiple inherent defects due to its master-slave communication architecture and physical layer bandwidth limitations: the maximum communication baud rate is only 9600bps, and slave devices (electricity meters) cannot actively upload data, leading to response delays for sudden conditions often exceeding 15 seconds; in complex residential wiring environments, signal attenuation is particularly pronounced, with measured bit error rates reaching as high as 10%. -3 These characteristics make MBUS technology insufficient in terms of real-time performance and robustness when facing the need for high-precision power consumption monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above situation, there is an urgent need to provide a circuit device that can synchronize the pulses from the energy meter to the CIU in real time, so as to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit device that can synchronize the pulses from the energy meter to the CIU in real time, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This utility model is implemented as follows: a circuit device that can synchronize the pulse of the electricity meter to the CIU in real time, including the meter end transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit and the CIU end communication interface circuit. The meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit includes a millisecond-level status synchronization module, an anti-interference optimization module, a bus idle detection and active reporting module, a bandwidth utilization optimization module, and a dynamic voltage adaptive module. The millisecond-level state synchronization module consists of a push-pull output circuit composed of optocoupler E1, optocoupler E2, and a transistor. Optocoupler E1 is connected to the TX_MBUS path, optocoupler E2 is connected to the RX_MBUS path, the TXD interface of the meter MCU is connected to optocoupler E1, and the RXD interface of the meter MCU is connected to optocoupler E2. The anti-interference optimization module includes a dual optocoupler isolation unit, a power supply noise suppression unit, a voltage spike protection unit, and a surge absorption unit. The bus idle detection and active reporting module consists of an optocoupler E22, a transistor Q45, and resistors R41-R45 forming a bus idle detection circuit. The bandwidth utilization optimization module includes a high-speed signal switching unit, an impedance matching unit, and an invalid data suppression unit. The dynamic voltage adaptive module includes a voltage clamping unit, a power supply stabilization unit, and a power domain isolation unit.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the CIU terminal communication interface circuit includes an MBUS data demodulation module, a surge protection module, a noise suppression module, and a data transmission module; The MBUS data demodulation module uses a TSS721 chip. The surge protection module includes TVS diodes D1-D3 and current-limiting resistors R1-R2. The noise suppression module consists of ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4. The data transmission module includes resistor R3, a CH340USB to UART chip, and resistor R4. The DOUT pin of the TSS721 chip is connected to the CH340USB to UART chip through resistor R3, and the SLEEP pin of the TSS721 chip is grounded through resistor R4.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the OUT_A and OUT_B interfaces of the meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit are connected to the CIU communication port, and bidirectional diodes VD6 are provided at the OUT_A and OUT_B interfaces.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit also includes a high-speed switching circuit for accurately capturing the meter pulse signal. The high-speed switching circuit is composed of transistor Q6, transistor Q13 and capacitors C104-C106.

[0010] As a further aspect of this invention: the TSS721 chip supports 9V-42V bus voltage input and has an internal full-bridge rectifier circuit.

[0011] As a further aspect of this utility model, the ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4 have a specification of 100nF / 50V.

[0012] As a further aspect of this invention, the resistor R3 is a pull-up resistor.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention significantly improves the performance bottlenecks of traditional CIU equipment through five major technological innovations: millisecond-level state synchronization, anti-interference optimization, active reporting mechanism, improved bandwidth utilization, and dynamic voltage adaptation. It achieves millisecond-level synchronous transmission of energy meter pulse signals, solving the real-time deficiency of traditional periodic meter reading (15-minute intervals); the innovative bus idle detection circuit supports active data reporting by the meter, breaking through the passive polling limitation of the MBUS bus and improving the response speed from 15 seconds to milliseconds; the dual optocoupler isolation and surge absorption design improves anti-interference capability by 10 times, and the 400V high-voltage capacitor and wide-voltage adaptive circuit ensure stable operation in complex power grid environments; through impedance matching and invalid data suppression technology, the unit bandwidth utilization is improved by 30%, effectively alleviating the bandwidth limitation problem of traditional MBUS buses. The overall solution provides key technical support for high-precision electricity monitoring, fault early warning, and energy efficiency optimization, significantly improving the real-time performance, reliability, and intelligence level of user-side electricity monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 Wiring diagram for the communication network between CIU and electricity meter.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the meter terminal transmitting and receiving circuit and bus detection circuit in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the CIU terminal communication interface circuit in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-3 The present invention provides a circuit device that can synchronize energy meter pulses to CIU in real time, including a meter-end transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit and a CIU-end communication interface circuit. The meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit includes a millisecond-level status synchronization module, an anti-interference optimization module, a bus idle detection and active reporting module, a bandwidth utilization optimization module, and a dynamic voltage adaptive module. The millisecond-level state synchronization module consists of a push-pull output circuit composed of optocoupler E1, optocoupler E2, and transistors. Optocoupler E1 is connected to the TX_MBUS path, and optocoupler E2 is connected to the RX_MBUS path. The push-pull output circuit includes resistors R124-R127, resistors R120-R123, and transistors Q5 and Q12. The TXD interface of the meter MCU is connected to optocoupler E1, and the RXD interface of the meter MCU is connected to optocoupler E2, realizing millisecond-level data interaction response between CIU and the energy meter. The anti-interference optimization module includes a dual optocoupler isolation unit, a power supply noise suppression unit, a voltage spike protection unit, and a surge absorption unit. The dual optocoupler isolation unit is optocoupler E1 or optocoupler E2, used to block ground loop interference. The power supply noise suppression unit is capacitor C100 or capacitor C101. The voltage spike protection unit is diode VD3 and diode VD4. The surge absorption unit is 400V high-voltage capacitor C105 and 400V high-voltage capacitor C106. The bus idle detection and active reporting module consists of an optocoupler E22, a transistor Q45, and resistors R41-R45 forming a bus idle detection circuit. It monitors the bus status through the busyFlag signal. When the bus is detected to be idle and the meter pulse changes, the transistor Q45 is turned on to trigger an interrupt, supporting the meter to actively preempt the bus and report data. The bandwidth utilization optimization module includes a high-speed signal switching unit, an impedance matching unit, and an invalid data suppression unit. The high-speed signal switching unit is a push-pull output circuit composed of transistors Q7 and Q8 and resistors R107-R110. The impedance matching unit is a thermistor RT2. The invalid data suppression unit is a transistor Q11, a capacitor C151, and a resistor R212. The capacitor C151 and the resistor R212 form a filter circuit. The dynamic voltage adaptive module includes a voltage clamping unit, a power supply stabilization unit, and a power domain isolation unit. The voltage clamping unit is a diode, the power supply stabilization unit is a high-frequency filter capacitor, and the power domain isolation unit consists of multiple power domains VDD and VCC_VBUS.

[0022] The OUT_A and OUT_B interfaces of the meter terminal transmitting, receiving, and bus detection circuit are connected to the CIU communication port. Bidirectional diodes VD6 are installed at the OUT_A and OUT_B interfaces to ensure stable transmission of the status indicator control signals.

[0023] The meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit also includes a high-speed switching circuit for accurately capturing meter pulse signals. The high-speed switching circuit consists of transistors Q6 and Q13 and capacitors C104-C106.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the meter-side transmitting, receiving, and bus detection circuit is directly connected to optocouplers E1 (TX_MBUS path) and E2 (RX_MBUS path) through the TXD (pin 2) and RXD (pin 1) interfaces of the meter MCU, constructing a low-latency signal transmission channel. Combined with a push-pull output circuit (R124-R127, R120-R123) composed of transistors Q5 / Q12, millisecond-level data interaction response is achieved. A dual optocoupler isolation design (E1 / E2) blocks ground loop interference, capacitors C100 / C101 at the power supply end suppress noise, diode clamping circuits (VD3 / VD4) prevent voltage spikes, and 400V high-voltage capacitors (C105 / C106) absorb surge interference, comprehensively improving electromagnetic compatibility. An innovative bus idle detection circuit, composed of optocoupler E22, transistor Q45, and peripheral components (R41-R45), monitors the bus status via the busyFlag signal. When the bus is detected to be idle and the meter pulse changes, Q45 conducts to trigger an interrupt, breaking through the limitation of traditional MBUS buses that can only collect data through polling, and supporting the meter to actively preempt the bus to report data. High-speed signal switching is achieved through the Q7 / Q8 push-pull output circuit (R107-R110), and the RT2 thermistor forms an impedance matching network to reduce reflection loss. Transistor Q11 cuts off the output when the bus is busy to avoid data conflicts, and the C151 / R212 filter circuit reduces false triggering and significantly optimizes bandwidth utilization. The OUT_A / OUT_B interface (connected to the CIU communication port) is protected by a VD6 bidirectional diode to ensure stable transmission of status indicator control signals. The high-speed switching circuit (C104-C106) composed of Q6 / Q13 enables accurate capture of meter pulse signals, providing hardware support for real-time visualization.

[0025] The purpose of this invention is to solve the core technical bottlenecks in the traditional communication process between the user-side CIU (Concentrator Interface Unit) and the electricity meter, specifically including problems such as poor real-time performance, weak anti-interference capability, and low bandwidth utilization. It aims to comprehensively improve communication performance through targeted technical solutions. Addressing the high data transmission latency in traditional communication mechanisms, this invention focuses on achieving millisecond-level state synchronization, ensuring millisecond-level accuracy in real-time data interaction between the CIU and the electricity meter, meeting users' timeliness requirements for electricity status monitoring. To address the issue of signal transmission being susceptible to interference in complex power grid environments, the invention optimizes the communication link design to improve the system's anti-interference capability, ensuring data transmission stability under electromagnetic noise, voltage fluctuations, and other scenarios, providing a reliable data source for subsequent real-time data processing. Addressing the limitation of traditional mbus lines where only devices can poll and collect data, this invention innovatively introduces a bus data idle detection circuit unit for the mbus circuit. When the bus is idle and the meter pulse changes, it supports the meter's sudden occupancy of the bus and active data reporting. To address the low utilization rate caused by unreasonable bandwidth resource allocation in traditional communication modes, this invention reduces invalid data interaction and improves data carrying efficiency per unit bandwidth through precise data acquisition and transmission strategies. Ultimately, it achieves real-time visualization of instantaneous pulse counting and status indicator lights on the electricity meter, providing intuitive and efficient technical support for user-side electricity monitoring and management.

[0026] In one embodiment of this utility model, please refer to Figures 1-3 The CIU terminal communication interface circuit includes an MBUS data demodulation module, a surge protection module, a noise suppression module, and a data transmission module; The MBUS data demodulation module uses a TSS721 chip. The surge protection module includes TVS diodes D1-D3 and current-limiting resistors R1-R2. The noise suppression module consists of ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4. The data transmission module includes resistor R3, a CH340USB to UART chip, and resistor R4. The DOUT pin of the TSS721 chip is connected to the CH340USB to UART chip through resistor R3, and the SLEEP pin of the TSS721 chip is grounded through resistor R4.

[0027] The TSS721 chip supports 9V-42V bus voltage input and has an internal full-bridge rectifier circuit.

[0028] The ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4 are rated at 100nF / 50V.

[0029] The resistor R3 is a pull-up resistor.

[0030] In this embodiment, the core of the circuit uses the TSS721 chip to demodulate MBUS data, possessing two major advantages: First, it breaks through the traditional MBUS bus polarity limitation, achieving a polarity-free connection through an internal full-bridge rectifier circuit, simplifying the wiring process during on-site installation and avoiding communication failures caused by reverse polarity; second, it integrates a wide-range voltage adaptive module, supporting 9V-42V bus voltage input, compatible with the MBUS interface standards of different brands of electricity meters, significantly improving the device's versatility. The "meter communication port" module on the left side of the circuit connects three TVS diodes (D1-D3) and current-limiting resistors (R1-R2) in series, forming a multi-level surge protection network. Combined with the external ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4 (100nF / 50V), it effectively suppresses common-mode interference and power supply noise. The DOUT pin of the TSS721 is connected to the CH340 USB-to-UART chip via pull-up resistor R3, enabling high-speed asynchronous transmission of demodulated data. Its SLEEP pin is grounded via R4, keeping the chip constantly operational and ensuring real-time data reception. The overall design deeply integrates the characteristics of the TSS721 chip with the peripheral protection circuit, which not only leverages its advantages of non-polarity and wide voltage adaptability, but also improves reliability in industrial environments through multi-level protection, while simplifying the complexity of field deployment, and providing an efficient and stable interface solution for MBUS bus data acquisition.

[0031] In summary, the main technical features of this utility model are as follows: 1. Implementation of millisecond-level state synchronization By constructing a low-latency signal transmission channel through optocouplers E1 / E2, and combining it with a high-speed push-pull output circuit composed of transistors, signal transmission delay is reduced, enabling millisecond-level data interaction response between the CIU and the energy meter.

[0032] 2. Anti-interference optimization design The system employs dual optocoupler electrical isolation to block ground loop interference, combined with filter capacitors to suppress power supply noise, diode clamping protection, and a 400V high-voltage capacitor to absorb surges, thereby improving stability in complex power grid environments.

[0033] 3. Bus Idle Detection and Active Reporting Design An innovative bus idle detection circuit composed of optocouplers and transistors is introduced. The bus status is monitored in real time through the busyFlag signal. The meter can actively preempt the bus to report data when the bus is idle and the pulse changes, breaking through the limitations of traditional polling acquisition.

[0034] 4. Bandwidth utilization optimization design High-speed signal switching is achieved through a push-pull circuit, thermistor matching impedance reduces reflection loss, and transistor cuts off the output when the bus is busy, suppressing invalid data interaction and improving data carrying efficiency per unit bandwidth.

[0035] 5. Dynamic voltage adaptive design Voltage clamping is achieved using diodes (V_MBUS→VCC_VBUS), and power supply is stabilized with high-frequency filter capacitors. Through multi-power domain (VDD / VCC_VBUS) isolation design, the circuit adapts to mains voltage fluctuations, ensuring reliable operation over a wide voltage range.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A circuit device capable of real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU, characterized in that, This includes the meter-side transmitting and receiving circuit and the bus detection circuit, as well as the CIU-side communication interface circuit. The meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit includes a millisecond-level status synchronization module, an anti-interference optimization module, a bus idle detection and active reporting module, a bandwidth utilization optimization module, and a dynamic voltage adaptive module. The millisecond-level state synchronization module consists of a push-pull output circuit composed of optocoupler E1, optocoupler E2, and a transistor. Optocoupler E1 is connected to the TX_MBUS path, optocoupler E2 is connected to the RX_MBUS path, the TXD interface of the meter MCU is connected to optocoupler E1, and the RXD interface of the meter MCU is connected to optocoupler E2. The anti-interference optimization module includes a dual optocoupler isolation unit, a power supply noise suppression unit, a voltage spike protection unit, and a surge absorption unit. The bus idle detection and active reporting module consists of an optocoupler E22, a transistor Q45, and resistors R41-R45 forming a bus idle detection circuit. The bandwidth utilization optimization module includes a high-speed signal switching unit, an impedance matching unit, and an invalid data suppression unit. The dynamic voltage adaptive module includes a voltage clamping unit, a power supply stabilization unit, and a power domain isolation unit.

2. The circuit device for real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CIU terminal communication interface circuit includes an MBUS data demodulation module, a surge protection module, a noise suppression module, and a data transmission module; The MBUS data demodulation module uses a TSS721 chip. The surge protection module includes TVS diodes D1-D3 and current-limiting resistors R1-R2. The noise suppression module consists of ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4. The data transmission module includes resistor R3, a CH340USB to UART chip, and resistor R4. The DOUT pin of the TSS721 chip is connected to the CH340USB to UART chip through resistor R3, and the SLEEP pin of the TSS721 chip is grounded through resistor R4.

3. The circuit device for real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU according to claim 1, characterized in that, The OUT_A and OUT_B interfaces of the meter terminal transmitting, receiving, and bus detection circuit are connected to the CIU communication port, and bidirectional diodes VD6 are installed at the OUT_A and OUT_B interfaces.

4. The circuit device for real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU according to claim 1, characterized in that, The meter terminal transmitting and receiving and bus detection circuit also includes a high-speed switching circuit for accurately capturing meter pulse signals. The high-speed switching circuit consists of transistors Q6 and Q13 and capacitors C104-C106.

5. The circuit device for real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU according to claim 2, characterized in that, The TSS721 chip supports 9V-42V bus voltage input and has an internal full-bridge rectifier circuit.

6. The circuit device for real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ceramic filter capacitors C1-C4 are rated at 100nF / 50V.

7. The circuit device for real-time synchronization of energy meter pulses to the CIU according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resistor R3 is a pull-up resistor.

Images