Scalable HPEM impact array against multi-target threats

Abstract

An action arrangement (2) for combating a threat (4) with targets (5) contains HPEM sources (6), an input (72) and / or a memory (74) for a mission specification (76) and / or a prioritization (78) for combating a threat (4) and a control device (22) which assigns threat scenarios (82) and target classes (84) and, depending thereon, HPEM characteristics (86) and, depending thereon, HPEM sources (6) to the threat (4), and which controls the assigned HPEM sources (6) depending on the threat scenarios (82), target classes (84), HPEM characteristics (86), mission specifications (76) and / or prioritizations (78) for combating the threat (4). In a method for combating the threat (4), the mission specification (76) and / or the prioritization (78) is provided and the control device (22) assigns the threat scenarios (82) and target classes (84) and, depending thereon, the HPEM characteristics (86) and, depending thereon, the HPEM sources (6) to the threat (4), and controls the assigned HPEM sources (6) depending on the threat scenarios (82), target classes (84), HPEM characteristics (86), mission specifications (76) and / or prioritizations (78) to combat the threat (4).

Description

The invention relates to an HPEM (High Power Electro-Magnetics) array which contains at least two HPEM sources for emitting respective HPEM pulses.The following is known from practice:There are HPEM active systems in the form of array systems and technology based on vacuum and / or spark gap technology; narrow band (NB), wide band (WB), ultra wide band (UWB) HPEM systems which emit a singular frequency with a very low bandwidth or a center frequency with a bandwidth of up to 100% or higher.The radiated waves or HPEM pulses (pulses) of up to several 100 MW or GW have the same wavelength or pulse shape depending on the technology and thus a corresponding center frequency and bandwidth. Such systems are generally designed specifically for the repulsion of threats or targets of a defined target class (e.g. UAS-unmanned aerial system or IED-enhanced explosive device) or group of targets (targets) within a target class with a similar sensitivity / sensitivity spectrum and are well suited for this purpose.By phase-synchronous actuation of a plurality of identical systems / antennas (sources) in an array or the synchronization of a plurality of distributed systems, wave trains and pulses (pulses) can be matched and synchronized to one another in terms of time, such that the wavefronts in the far field are constructively superimposed. As a result, the field amplitude in the far field and thus the range of the overall system (active arrangement) can be increased and the effect can be focused on the target (target).By targeted temporal displacement of the phase fronts of the individual systems (sources) with respect to one another, the alignment or the radiation angle of the HPEM beam or of the radiated wavefront (pulse) can be manipulated or set (so-called "beam steering").A disadvantage here is the very large temporal jitter, for example in systems based on spark gap technology. A high temporal jitter ultimately leads to a high inaccuracy in the synchronization of the systems (sources), so that only a very limited number of such systems can be reasonably synchronized with one another. This limits the increase in the range by parallel, synchronized operation of such installations and systems (active arrangement).The radiating elements / antennas (sources) are in this case each located in an array or can also be arranged in a locally distributed manner. The primary energy (for feeding the sources) is generally provided by a central energy supply. In delocalized array systems, decentralized energy supply (battery, network, etc.) is also possible.The synchronization must take place via a master timer. A correspondingly time-sharp synchronization for targeted constructive superposition of the wavefronts of a plurality of distributed systems (sources) is difficult to achieve, because of the high temporal jitter, in particular at higher radiated frequencies.More recent semiconductor technology based equipment (sources) emit singular frequencies with a very small bandwidth and significantly lower power. As a result, the field of application against different targets (targets) and target classes is very limited.The object of the invention is to propose improvements with respect to the control of a threat.The object is achieved by an active arrangement according to claim 1. preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention and other categories of invention are evident from the further claims, the following description and the attached figures.The active arrangement serves or is configured to combat a threat. The threat contains or is presented in the form of at least one, in particular a plurality of targets. The knit array contains at least two HPEM sources. Each of the HPEM sources is configured to emit respective HPEM pulses in response to the threat. At least two of the sources can be controlled independently of one another for emitting the HPEM pulses, in particular arbitrary types of pulses at arbitrary points in time, in arbitrary directions, so that e.g. two different targets can be individually irradiated.The active arrangement contains an input and / or a memory. At least one mission specification for or with respect to the control of the threat and / or a prioritization of targets of the threat can be input into the active arrangement via the input or can be stored in the memory. In other words, the corresponding variables can thus be provided to the active arrangement. Mission specification and / or prioritization thus result in a control scenario with respect to the threat. In other words, it is established which targets are to be controlled, for example, in which sequence with which pulses.The knitting arrangement includes a control device. This is configured to proceed as follows or to carry out the following method:At least one of a plurality of predefinable threat scenarios is assigned to the threat. This classifies the threat, so that, for example, certain pre-developed strategies for their control can be taken.At least one of a plurality of predeterminable target classes is assigned to the threat. In particular, a respective target class relates to a respective target of the threat. This also serves to define a control strategy-in particular with respect to the goals of the threat.The threat scenario thus describes the threat in its entirety, in particular as a conglomerate of targets. The target classes describe the respective targets as individually as possible.At least one of a plurality of predefinable HPEM characteristics is assigned to the threat. This occurs depending on the associated threat scenarios and / or the associated target classes. The HPEM characteristics describe which properties, for example resistance, the threat has, in particular, its targets with respect to irradiation with different HPEM pulses.At least one of the sources is associated with the threat. This also occurs depending on the associated threat scenarios and / or the associated target classes and / or the associated HPEM characteristics. In other words, depending on the threat / targets and their properties, sources of the active arrangement are selected or assigned, which can combat the threat or the corresponding targets as successfully as possible by emitting HPEM pulses thereto.The sources for combating the threat are now controlled so that they emit the pulses. This occurs on the one hand as a function of the associated threat scenarios and / or the associated target classes and / or the associated HPEM characteristics. On the other hand, this takes place as a function of the mission specifications and / or the prioritizations. In other words, the sources are thereby operated appropriately in order to optimally repel the threat. This is done in particular by adapting the mode of operation of the sources, for example pulse energy, pulse rate, pulse shape etc. When assigning the sources, those which are most promising are chosen in order to combat the threat, for example sources which emit HPEM pulses to which the threat is particularly sensitive in accordance with its HPEM characteristics.In particular, the active arrangement is suitable for combating a threat by a plurality of targets simultaneously, wherein the plurality of targets represent, for example, a swarm of drones. Each of the drones is one of the targets. In other words, in the active arrangement according to the invention or its control device, a method is carried out according to the invention, as is explained again below.According to the invention, a scalable HPEM active module is thus obtained in particular. In particular, an HPEM method and system (active arrangement) for the simultaneous control of multiple electronic targets (e.g. UAS-unmanned aerial system, Mini-UAS-Schwark, C4L-command, control, communications, computers, intelligence) is obtained. By tuning, synchronization and suitable actuation of one / more modules / submodules, different targets (targets) at different locations having different frequencies and beams can be combated simultaneously. In particular, a semiconductor-based, fully integrated module is obtained which enables scaling and tuning.In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the target classes is one that is tuned to a sensitivity of the target to HPEM pulses. In other words, the target class then defines different targets that are differently sensitive with respect to HPEM pulses. This makes it possible to control the sources differently in order to make the best possible use of the respective sensitivity and to combat the targets as effectively as possible.In a preferred embodiment, the active arrangement has at least one module. Each of the modules includes at least one of the sources. Relevant sources are thus organized in modules, in particular a plurality of modules. The modules are designed, for example, in the form of structural units. The active arrangement can thus be scaled particularly easily, for example, by removing or adding or replacing modules.In a preferred variant of this embodiment, at least one of the modules is designed as a semiconductor-based fully integrated module. This enables a particularly flexible control of the module or of a plurality of sources within the module, in particular their optional interconnection to form submodules, see below.In a preferred variant of this embodiment, at least one of the modules contains at least two of the sources. These sources are then arranged in the form of an array in fixed relative position to one another. Such arrays are particularly suitable for synchronizing their sources in time or phase, in order to enable, for example, a constructive superposition for power amplification in phase or a superposition for beam alignment (beam steering) in a controlled phase-shifted manner.In a preferred embodiment, the knitting arrangement contains at least three sources. These three or more sources can then be combined selectively and in a modifiable manner to form submodules of at least two sources each. The control arrangement is configured to drive the sources organized as a current sub-module (currently) jointly and independently of other sources. In particular, all sources of the submodule are exclusively controlled jointly in each case. This is effected, for example, according to a group specification relating to the submodule for the group of sources of the submodule. Thus, depending on requirements, different types and / or different numbers of sources can be combined organizationally to form the submodule in order to individually respond to a respective threat. For example, in a new source module, all new sources may be synchronously operated as a single submodule to combat a single HPEM insensitive target. In another situation, the same new sources are organized into three sub-modules, each with three sources, to combat three more sensitive targets (fewer sources required) by one of the sub-modules at a time.For a preferred embodiment, the invention assumes that the threat contains at least two targets. The corresponding embodiment is particularly suitable for combating such threats. The control device is configured to operate the active arrangement for at least two of the targets in parallel and independently of one another. The invention is thus based on the fact that threats with a plurality of targets are also to be combated, the object being to be counteracted or combated simultaneously. This is possible by the parallel independent operation. In particular, one of the submodules mentioned above is selected for each destination, the submodules being composed from the available sources depending on the type and sensitivity of the destinations. This allows simultaneous control of multiple targets / targets. Each of the targets is individually combatable.In a preferred embodiment, the control device is configured to control at least two of the sources by being synchronized with one another for emitting the HPEM pulses. In particular, as already explained above, this takes place within a submodule. As likewise explained above, synchronization is, for example, in-phase operation for far-field amplification (superposition) or also phase-shifted operation for beam steering.In a preferred embodiment, the control device contains an AI device or is designed as an AI device (artificial intelligence). By means of methods of AI, which can be used here in a manner customary in the art, it is possible in particular to divide active arrangements with a plurality of sources optimally, for example, into submodules, in order to repel a threat with a plurality of targets in parallel and effectively.The object of the invention is also achieved by a method according to claim 10. In the method, at least one mission specification and / or at least one prioritization of targets with respect to the control of the threat is provided. The control device assigns at least one of a plurality of predefinable threat scenarios to the threat, assigns at least one of a plurality of predefinable target classes to the threat, assigns at least one of a plurality of predefinable HPEM characteristics to the threat as a function of the assigned threat scenarios and / or the assigned target classes. The controller assigns at least one of the HPEM sources to the threat depending on the associated threat scenarios and / or the associated target classes and / or the associated HPEM characteristics.The control arrangement then controls the associated HPEM sources to combat the threat. This occurs as a function of the timeon the one hand, from the associated threat scenarios and / or the associated target classes and / or the associated HPEM characteristics,and on the other hand depending on the mission specifications and / or the priorities.The method and at least a part of its possible embodiments and the respective advantages have already been explained accordingly in connection with the active arrangement according to the invention.The invention is based on the following findings, observations or considerations and still has the following preferred embodiments. These embodiments are also sometimes referred to simply as "the invention". The embodiments can also contain parts or combinations of the above-mentioned embodiments or correspond to these and / or optionally also include embodiments not mentioned up to now.The invention is based on the idea of creating an HPEM method and system (active arrangement) for simultaneously combating a threat in the form of multiple electronic targets (targets, e.g. UAS, Mini-UAS Schheat, C4l, IED) in different scenarios. It should be possible to simultaneously combat a plurality of identical and / or different targets which are located at different locations within the range of action (e.g. air (UAS, UAS-IED) and soil target (e.g. IED, C4l). The aim is to provide a tunable, synchronizeable, semiconductor-based HPEM module and system which makes it possible to simultaneously generate, tune, synchronize and target against the threat simultaneously different frequencies having the same and / or different bandwidths and the same and / or different pulses and field strengths jointly and / or also separately on the same and / or similar and / or also different targets which can be located at the same and / or also at different locations (e.g. ground / air; C-UAS & C-IED scenario) at the same and / or different distances.Therefore, an HPEM method and / or completely semiconductor-based modular, scalable system and modules with corresponding capabilities are provided, namely, with powerful HPEM pulses (100 first MW GW), to be able to simultaneously combat a plurality of different targets of different target classes with different sensitivities at different locations and in different scenarios.According to the invention, a method and system (active arrangement) for simultaneously repelling and controlling multiple, identical and different electronic threats and targets (targets, e.g. UAS, Mini-UAS Schwark, C4l) are obtained. The system contains / consists of one or more identical and / or similar and / or different synchronizable and / or tunable sources, in particular in the form of modules. The tuning of a plurality of modules and / or submodules enables the simultaneous emission of identical, similar and / or different frequencies, frequency ranges, center frequencies and beams. The phase control of the semiconductor-based systems in the sub-ns range enables the alignment of the beams from one and / or more (sub)modules / sources to one and / or more identical, similar and / or different targets, target classes or target groups.The semiconductor-based module and submodule construction allows the system to be scalable and tunable. The method can be scaled / tuned / adjusted to different scenarios. The module / modules / system can control or direct the control of one or more targets in the routes centrally controlled, remotely controlled and / or by means of AI autonomously / semi-autonomously. AI thereby makes a substantial contribution to the efficient, targeted control of the various components, sub-modules, modules and systems. This relates both to the identification and classification of the threat and to the selection and targeted combat of the threats and to the active-optimized control of the individual systems / components / modules and of a plurality of systems and modules.By higher-level control by means of AI, a plurality of identical and / or different modules / submodules / systems (active arrangements) and components can be selected, combined and coordinated with individual and / or a plurality of targets, identical / identical / similar and / or different targets / target groups and target classes can be used in identical and different scenarios in a sequential and / or simultaneously controlled and active-optimized manner.A method and system for simultaneously repelling different electronic threats based on one or more semiconductor-based, synchronizeable and threat tunable, scalable HPEM (Acting) modules results.This results in a semiconductor-based, modular fully integratable / integrated HPEM active module / system. Each module includes both the power supply including. Energy buffering and conditioning, including control, phase control and synchronization of the sub-modules and antenna interconnection. Feed network. The dimensions and geometric shapes of the modules can result in corresponding reasonable / possible integration possibilities or application cases, given the frequencies / frequency ranges to be radiated, as well as the dimensioning of the antenna elements / the antenna and thus the effect. Thus, for example, rectangular modules with antenna elements, e.g. on one (or more) of the longitudinal sides, but also cylindrical modules with the radiating elements on, e.g., one or both cylinder base surfaces, but also many other combinations of reasonable geometries and dimensions are conceivable. The antenna / antenna elements of each module / submodule consist of at least one and / or a plurality of antenna elements (e.g. monopole, dipole, patch antenna, antenna structures with metamaterials, active and / or passive control elements in the antenna elements or other suitable configurations) which, depending on the radiated power to be achieved or required and the frequencies / frequency ranges to be radiated, can be coupled, coupled or connected to one another, can be operated passively or also actively with passive and / or active elements / control elements / tuning elements. The active and / or passive switching of individual elements and / or of elements / control elements / tuning elements is possible.By specifically influencing / controlling / interconnecting individual / a plurality of identical and / or similar and / or different antenna elements and / or antenna structures and / or active / passive elements in the antenna structures and the corresponding control via AI, it is possible to realize individually and / or simultaneously different antenna configurations and thus different radiated pulse shapes and wavelengths with different radiated bandwidths in a single module. The spacing of the individual antenna elements and / or structures does not have to be uniform or linear either internally in the module or across the module. For example, harmonics or resonances, i.e. multiband design, can be selected in the individual antenna elements in conjunction with the response of array columns or rows of different geometric distances depending on the required radiation properties and the radiation frequency. By operating and suitably interconnecting a plurality of modules / sub(sub)modules in a system, the operating mode and the operating mode can be additionally extended. Operation of multiple modules in an array is possible. The modules can each be operated separately and / or in groups or as a whole. By means of targeted synchronization and influencing of the phase position between the different radiated frequencies, center frequencies, waves and / or pulses, the HPEM beams can be focused and the range can be scaled, increased and adjusted accordingly. Due to the exact temporal synchronization of the semiconductor-based elements in one module, in a plurality of modules, groups and systems in the sub-ns and ps range (also sub-ps possible), the method is scalable and can also be transferred to spatially distributed systems (distributed modules, arrays and systems). In addition, the exact temporal synchronization makes it possible to easily implement beam steering for controlling and tracking targets.The control and actuation of the individual antenna elements / antennas / antenna modules and sub-systems and also of the individual / multiple HPEM modules / sub-modules and systems takes place via an integrated and / or superordinate AI. As a result, the respective module and antenna configurations, the radiated frequencies / frequency ranges and pulse shapes can / can be adapted to the respective targets / target classes and / or target groups individually or else in combination with one another and the effect can be efficiently increased. The emitted pulse shapes, frequencies and bandwidths can thus be adapted in a targeted manner to the target spectrum and also to the effect and effective range. The alignment of the HPEM beams individually and / or combined in groups is possible.Taking account of a sensor system unit, a tracking unit and a control unit for adjusting and tracking the beam alignment (electronic beam steering), the target / targets can / can be held in the target beam and acted upon over a longer time. By grouping and interconnecting different subareas of a module or a plurality of submodules or even modules, it is simultaneously also possible to direct and combat a plurality of different beams having identical and / or also different frequencies / frequency ranges / bandwidths and pulse characteristics onto the same target (e.g. individual target or swarm). Due to the high flexibility in the wiring of the individual antenna elements, antenna groups and modules and the exact mutual time tuning and synchronization, which is selected and controlled via AI, it is also possible simultaneously to direct a plurality of beams to a plurality of identical and / or different targets at the same and / or also different locations. This requires exact temporal control and correspondingly small temporal jitter, which cannot be realized with other technologies. The targets must be located in the possible range of swivel and effect of the HPEM beam / beams or of the module / modules or of the system / systems.This results in an autonomous / autonomous / semi-autonomous surface-conformably integratable, scalable, fully semiconductor-based HPEM active module for different carrier platforms (country, air, sea) for e.g. MGCS (main ground combat system) and FCAS (future combat air system).The invention has the advantage that an HPEM method and system for simultaneously controlling multiple electronic identical / identical and / or different targets (e.g. UAS, mini-UAS Schwark, C4l, IED) in identical / similar and / or different scenarios at identical / similar and / or different locations is obtained.This results in a semiconductor-based fully integrated, autonomous and / or autonomous, modular, tunable, AI-controlled scalable HPEM active system / module for simultaneously and / or sequentially controlling a plurality of different and / or identical electronic targets / target classes and / or target groups, which may have different sensitivities and different sensitive frequencies and / or sensitive spectral ranges.This results in a semiconductor-based HPEM active module and system for simultaneously controlled and / or autonomous and / or autonomous defense and control of different targets (e.g. UAS, mini-UAS, mini-UAS Schheat, C4l), which can be located close to one another and / or also at different locations at identical and / or different active ranges / distances (e.g. simultaneous control of swarm targets and individual targets; aerial targets and / or targets close to the ground, or the like). The targets may have the same and / or similar and / or different sensitive frequencies and / or frequency ranges / spectral ranges / center frequencies. The semiconductor-based modular, partially and / or fully integrated design is intended to allow the module / system to be scalable and easily adaptable, adaptable and tunable and scalable to different requirements from different applications and scenarios. The electronic tuning of the active / passive antennas / elements / structures and the tuning of a plurality of modules / submodules / systems make it possible to simultaneously and / or sequentially apply to or combat different targets with identical / similar and / or also different frequencies and HPEM pulses and HPEM beams. Due to the modular semiconductor-based construction and corresponding control, the alignment of a plurality of and / or different beams to one and / or a plurality of targets of the same, similar and / or dissimilar type is also possible. The module / modules / -e and / or system / -e is / are scalable and tunable / adaptable / scalable to the target / targets / -s and the scenario / scenarios / -en. The operation can be carried out autonomously, autonomously, remotely, via internal / external timers / master timers and / or with man in the loop (MIL) or else manually. The control via AI enables an actively controlled adaptation of the modules and systems to the respective current and currently changing requirements from the target spectrum and the scenarios in "real time".The invention is suitable for:1. HPEM system stationary or on mobile platforms for various applications (e.g., for counter UAS as vehicle protection, C-UAS field store protection, CIED, etc.)2. HPEM System Mobile for Land Application Integrated on a Vehicle for Self Protection within the scope of NNbS (Near and Near Range Protection) and MGCS (Main Ground Combat System) for various applications (e.g. Counter-UAS, C-IED, Convoli Protection, etc.)3. HPEM system mobile for air and sea application integrated on an aircraft, drone or ship for self protection within the framework of NNbS for various applications (e.g. counter UAS, C-IED, BootStop etc.)4 Distributed HPEM modules and / or swarmable systems (e.g., UAS, drones) for coordinated actions for protection or attack. Integration on mobile and / or flying platforms (e.g. FCAS, NGF, LW, RC, UAV, UAS, mini-UAS, etc.)Further features, effects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention and from the attached figures. In each case, a schematic schematic diagram shows: FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of an active arrangement according to the invention in a symbolic oblique view, FIG. 2 shows an alternative active arrangement with supply elements in plan view, FIG. 3 is a front view showing exemplary sources, FIG. 4 shows an alternative active arrangement for combating a threat in various, also detailed views, FIG. 5 shows an alternative scenario of use of an active arrangement on an aircraft, FIG. 6 shows an alternative coordinated deployment scenario of a plurality of active arrangements, FIG. 7 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention.FIG. 1 shows an autonomous, autonomous, scalable semiconductor HPEM active arrangement 2 for repelling or controlling an opposing electronic threat 4 (see FIG. 4 ). In the example, the active arrangement 2 contains sixteen HPEM sources 6, which are arranged in columns n=1, 2,... N and rows M=1,2,...M i.e. as an NxM array 10 (also symbolically indicated for the general case).The active arrangement 2 is organized here into a total of two modules 8 a, b(also "active modules"), which can also be referred to as base modules. Module 8a includes twelve sources 6 arranged in a 4x3 array. The module 8 bincludes four sources 6 in the form of a 4x1 array 10. The effect arrangement 2 is thus obtained as an HPEM module array having two different (basic) modules 8 a, b. The module 8 bis identified by an indicated frame for delimiting from the module 8 a.The dimensions a, b, cof each source 6 are a function of various parameters such as frequency, bandwidth, number and density of elements, permeability and permittivity. The design of the dimensions, which is dependent on or determined by the frequencies, pulses, field strengths, bandwidths and material properties (for example refractive indices, metamaterials etc.) to be realized.FIGS. 2 and 3 show an alternative active arrangement 2 as a 10x5 array 10; FIG. 2 shows a plan view comparable to the direction of the arrow II in FIG. 1 ; the sources 6 are indicated here in the form of N=10 antenna elements. The sources 6 in their entirety form a type of front panel which contains only the antenna elements in the form of the sources 6. FIG. 2 also shows further components which are present for supplying the active arrangement 2:A feed network 12 also serves the purpose of power sharing. A power supply 14 is supplied from primary power 16. A block 20 contains, in particular, the semiconductors HPEM / HV generators for supplying the sources 6. a control device 22 associated with the active arrangement 2 serves for controlling and synchronizing the sources 6.FIG. 3 shows the front view of the active arrangement 2 from FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow III in FIG. 2, i.e. the above-mentioned front panel with the sources 6 in the form of antenna elements. For one of the sources 6, possible embodiments of the sources 6 in the form of antenna base elements are shown (indicated by dashed lines). These can be merely by way of example: monopoles 26, dipoles 28 or spiral antennas 30, which can in particular have (indicated by the arrow 32) reflectors / absorbers / metamaterial with passive / active elements, the properties of which can be controlled / adjusted. Electronic and / or mechanical elements / components / switching elements / metamaterial for selection / control of frequency, bandwidth, directional characteristic, radiation behavior can be included (indicated by the arrow 34).Overall, the sources 6 are characterized by:active / passive elements for switching on / off / activation, tuning and tuning the frequency range and the bandwidth.number, spacing and dimensioning depending on the frequency and bandwidth to be realizedantenna elements that can be switched on and off, combined to form group elementsFIGS. 2 and 3 together thus show a semiconductor-based HPEM active module (base module) in the form of the active arrangement 2 and exemplary embodiments for the antenna base elements. The following properties are obtained for this:Beam steering capability.multi-beam and multi-frequency capability (different beams and / or frequencies, different alignments-simultaneously and / or synchronized in time / coordinated with one another). Focusing and tuning to the target, tuning frequency and / or pulse shape (rise time, duration, oscillation behavior, energy, power, etc.) and / or amplitude)).antenna element can be controlled individually.Consisting of, for example, a mono-, dipole- or spiral antenna.with / without metamaterial.- communication I / Osynchronization- fully integrated in a modulesynchronization of several modulesHPEM pulses UWB, WB, NBvoltages in the range of a few kV to MV- Performance several MW to GW total performancepatch antenna, monopole, dipole, dielectric lens- Metamaterial lensmultiple beams within an aperture surfacesimultaneously defense against multiple threats (e.g. C-UAS, C-IED, C4ISTAR targets).FIG. 2 also symbolically shows that a method 70 (see FIG. 7 ) is executed in the control device 22. It is also symbolically indicated that the active arrangement 2 has an input 72 and a memory 74 in order to receive or store a mission specification 76 for the control of the threat 4 and a prioritization 78 of the targets 5 of the threat 4.FIG. 4 shows the use of an alternative autonomous scalable HPEM active arrangement 2 for repelling opposing electronics in the form of the threat 4 (C-UAS, C-IED, C4l). The threat 4 here consists of a total of seven targets 5 in the form of a respective drone, which are organized as swarm 7. The effect arrangement 2 generates or emits HPEM pulses 36 a- cfrom its sources 6 (not explicitly shown here) in operation in order to combat the threat 4. FIG. 4 at the bottom left shows that an alternative active arrangement 2 is used here. This comprises a total of three modules 8 a- c, each of which contains a 5 x 5 array 10 of sources 6. The control device 22 is designed here as an AI device 38 or AI controller and operates autonomously, semi-autonomously, manually or with human-in-the-ioop.The individual sources 6 or antenna elements and modules 8 a- cin the form of the active modules can be grouped and scaled. In the figure, this is symbolically indicated by 3 alternative control means 40 a- c, which can be implemented with one and the same active arrangement 2 as an alternative to one another. For this purpose, the sources 6 are combined to form different submodules 42. For example, according to the control 40c, in module 8a only (counted from the left) the second and fifth column of array 10 is controlled to 5 sources each, in module 8b only the third column and in module 8c only the first and fourth column. The remaining sources 6 remain unused here.Alternatively, according to the control 40 b, four square sources 6 are combined into 4x4 sub-modules 42 only in module 8 cin each case and only a total of four such sub-modules are formed.On the right in FIG. 4, the formation of submodules 42 is again indicated for one of the modules 8 awith 5 x 5 sources 6. Two submodules 42 are alternatively formed within said submodule. An alternative control device 22 is also shown here, which contains two further control components 44 in addition to the AI device 38.The groupings of sources 6 or antenna groupings are again here- switchable- tunablemay have different frequencies and frequency rangesActivation and synchronization can be effected both in a wired and remote controlled (RC).FIG. 5 shows the use of an active arrangement 2 which is attached to an aircraft 50 and operated on the latter. This is connected to a guidance system 52, which also operates on the basis of Kl. The aircraft 50 is also based on AI.The following applies to the active arrangement 2:simultaneous multi-use multi role capabilitysimultaneous counter multi-target capabilitymulti-level, multi-frequency, multi-beam capability, Couter-Swarm capabilityHPEM Beam Steering and Beam / Pulse Forming CapabilityKI (Detection / Tracking / Identification) for Optimum and Efficient InteroperabilityIn FIG. 5, this is indicated in that a plurality of HPEM pulses 36 a- c(here only these three are designated) can be emitted in order to be able to combat the overall threat 4 in the form of a series of targets 5 simultaneously. A capture cone 54 together with an arrow here illustrates the capability for tracking and focusing (tracking and focusing) for a target 5. a further cone 56 illustrates the capability for emitting multiple beams onto a plurality of targets 5 (multibeam capacity). A circle 58 illustrates the multi-role capability of the active arrangement 2, in that, simultaneously with the control of drones as target 5, it can also repel other targets 5, such as a flying rocket.FIG. 5 also represents a mission specification 76 for the knitting arrangement 2 in the current use, namely the protection of a separate industrial plant 80 from the threat 4.FIG. 5 also illustrates a threat scenario 82. this characterizes what type the threat 4 is, what and how many targets 5 are involved, etc., likewise a selection and assignment of the targets 5 or groups of targets 5, for example shot 7 to be combated, takes place. In the present case, therefore, this is an attack on the industrial installation 80 by a drone swarm and, at the same time, an attack on the aircraft 50 by a rocket.Two target classes 84 are also detected here, namely "drone swarm" and "rocket" for the corresponding targets 5. an HPEM characteristic 86 of the threat 4 or of the targets 5 is therefore known, since it is known to which type of HPEM pulses 36 the targets 5 are sensitive and how many of these are necessary to successfully combat, i.e. switch off, the targets 5.FIG. 6 shows in a further deployment scenario how a plurality of active arrangements 2 are mounted on different platforms, namely four aircraft 50 and stationary objects 60, here repulsion stations of their own position 64 (field store, mil. The object of the invention is to provide a device C4) which cooperates to combat a massive threat 4 with a wide variety of targets 5 such as a tank, a further vehicle and a UAS swarm 7.In this case, two guidance systems 52 are also involved for coordinating the active systems 2 and support by a satellite 62 in the form of GPS data. As in FIG. 5, a respective communication is symbolized by a flash-like double arrow.The guidance systems 52 take over coordination / target assignment and control. Different HPEM pulses 36 are indicated at the bottom right in the figure by different waveforms and are used here synchronously or simultaneously in order to combat different targets of different sensitivity characteristics. In particular, different HPEM pulses, pulse sequences and pulse sequences are thus used. The mission specification 76 is here the protection of its own position 64 The objects 60 protect here their own position or a field store or a military device C 4.FIG. 6 also explains a prioritization 78: The prioritization 78 instructs first of all to repel the target 5 in the form of the approaching rocket and then to switch off the target 5 in the form of the combat armour and only then to combat the two drone waste heat 7. The mission specification 76 and the prioritization 78 thus result in a control scenario, namely how and in which sequence the targets 5 of the threat 4 are to be controlled.FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram for a method 70 for controlling a threat 4. an autonomous, scalable, HPEM active arrangement 2 (active modules) is used for repelling opposing electronics (C-UAS, C-IED, C4l):The method 70 begins with a step S 1. in step S 1 an activation / wake-up of the active arrangement 2, i.e. of the system / electronics / sensor system / control, takes place.In this case, the sensor system is activated (if it is not permanently active, it can be activated by a superordinate system (e.g. guidance system 52)).In a step S 2, the detection of the threat 4 or of the targets 5 and the identification and classification of the threat 4 or of the targets 5 are carried out.In a step S 3, the threat scenarios 82 are selected and assigned to the threat 4.In a step S 4, the threat 4 or the targets 5 are assigned to target classes 84 (target class). Such target classes 84 are, for example, "drone", "combat armour", "rocket", etc.In a step S 5, sensitivity classes in the form of HPEM characteristics 86 are assigned to the threat 4 or to the targets 5 to be combated. This takes place as a function of the associated threat scenarios 82 and the target classes 84. the HPEM characteristics 86 state the type of control (pulse number, duration, frequency, amplitude,... ) in question for the respective target 5 or the threat 4 is sensitive, so that suitable HPEM measures can be selected accordingly, which in this case promising high effectiveness against the threat 4.In a step S 6, therefore, the assignment / selection of the required / most efficient pulse shapes and frequency ranges and bandwidths to the targets / target groups / target classes 84 follows.In a step S 7, the selection, control and synchronization of the modules 8 a- c / submodules 42 (subsystems) / antennas, which are best suited to implement the characteristics of the sources 6 determined in the step S 6, now takes place.In steps S 6 and S 7, the assignment of the threat 4 thus takes place as a function of the assigned threat scenarios 82 and the assigned target classes 84 and the assigned HPEM characteristics 86 to the HPEM sources 6.In a step S 8, the task specifications 76 and prioritization 78 or the relevant decisions are established. These are then introduced into the active arrangement 2 via the inlet 72, stored in the memory 74 or removed therefrom. This is consistent with the selection of control scenarios / modes to address the threat 4. Thus, mission specification 76 and prioritization 78 are provided in method 70.In a step S 9, the actual activation, setting and synchronization of the modules 8 a, b, sources 6 or the systems takes place. The actual control of the threat 4, i.e. of the targets 5, i.e. of the target / targets, thus takes place. The control of the sources 6 for controlling the threat 4 is thus effected here as a function of the associated threat scenarios 82 and the associated target classes 84 and the associated HPEM characteristics 86 and the mission specifications 76 and the priorities 78.In a step S 10, the verification of the control takes place.List of reference characters2 Effect arrangement 4 Threat 5 Target 6 HPEM source 7 Swarm 8 a- cModule 10 Array 12 Feed network 14 Energy supply 16 Primary energy 18 Buffer 20 Block 22 Control device 24 Block 26 Monopole 28 Dipole 30 Spiral antenna 32 Arrow 34 Arrow 36, 36 a- c HPEM pulse 38 AI device 40 a- c Ansteuerung 42 Submodule 44 Control component 50 Aircraft 52 Guidance system 54 Cone 56 Cone 58 Circle 60 Object 62 Satellite 64 Position 70 Method 72 Input 74 Memory 76 Mission specification 78 Prioritization 80 Industrial installation 82 Threat scenario 84 Target class 86 HPEM characteristic n Column m Row a, b, c Dimension S 1- 10 Step

Claims

Action arrangement (2) for controlling a threat (4) in the form of at least one target (5), - having at least two HPEM sources (6) which are configured to emit respective HPEM pulses (36a-c) in the direction of the threat (4), - wherein at least two of the sources (6) can be controlled independently of one another for emitting the HPEM pulses (36a-c), - having an input (72) and / or a memory (74) for at least one mission specification (76) and / or at least one prioritization (78) of targets with respect to controlling the threat (4), - having a control device (22) which is configured to - assign at least one of a plurality of predeterminable threat scenarios (82) to the threat (4), the threat (4) is assigned at least one of a plurality of predefinable target classes (84), at least one of a plurality of predefinable HPEM characteristics (86) is assigned to the threat (4) as a function of the assigned threat scenarios (82) and / or the assigned target classes (84), at least one of the HPEM sources (6) is assigned to the threat (4) as a function of the assigned threat scenarios (82) and / or the assigned target classes (84) and / or the assigned HPEM characteristics (86), the assigned HPEM sources (6) is assigned as a function of the assigned threat scenarios (82) and / or the assigned target classes (84) and / or the assigned HPEM characteristics (86), and - to activate the mission specifications (76) and / or the priorities (78) for controlling the threat (4).The active arrangement (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the target classes is a target class matched to a sensitivity of the target (5) to HPEM pulses (36a-c).The knitting arrangement (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the knitting arrangement (2) comprises at least one module (8a-c) containing at least one of the HPEM sources (6).Active arrangement (2) according to Claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the modules (8a-c) is designed as a semiconductor-based fully integrated module.Knitting arrangement (2) according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterised in that at least one of the modules (8a-c) contains at least two of the sources (6) which are arranged in the form of an array (10) in a fixed relative position to one another.The knitting arrangement (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the knitting arrangement (2) contains at least three sources (6) which can be combined selectively and variably to form submodules (42) of at least two sources (6) each, and the control arrangement (22) is configured to actuate the sources (6) organized as a current submodule (42) jointly and independently of other sources (6).The knitting arrangement (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threat (4) contains at least two targets (5) and the control device (22) is configured to operate the knitting arrangement (2) for at least two of the targets (5) in parallel and independently of one another.The active arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device (22) is configured to control at least two of the sources (6) by synchronizing them with one another for emitting the HPEM pulses (36a-c).The knitting arrangement (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device (22) contains or is an AI device (38).Method for controlling a threat (4) in the form of at least one target (5) with the aid of an active arrangement (2) according to one of the preceding claims, in which: - at least one mission specification (76) and / or at least one prioritization (78) of targets with respect to which the control of the threat (4) is provided, - the control device (22): - assigns at least one of a plurality of predeterminable threat scenarios (82) to the threat (4), - assigns at least one of a plurality of predeterminable target classes (84) to the threat (4), - assigns at least one of a plurality of predeterminable HPEM characteristics (86) to the threat (4) as a function of the assigned threat scenarios (82) and / or the assigned target classes (84), the threat (4) is assigned at least one of the HPEM sources (6) depending on the assigned threat scenarios (82) and / or the assigned target classes (84) and / or the assigned HPEM characteristics (86), the assigned HPEM sources (6) is triggered to combat the threat (4) depending on the assigned threat scenarios (82) and / or the assigned target classes (84) and / or the assigned HPEM characteristics (86), and the mission requirements (76) and / or the priorities (78).

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