Fire protection device for a vehicle as well as vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire protection device (2) for a vehicle (1), in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a storage device (3) in which an extinguishing agent can be stored, an outlet opening (6) through which at least a part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device (3) can be discharged from the fire protection device (2), whereby at least one component (7) of the vehicle (1) can be exposed to the extinguishing agent, and a release device (10) by means of which the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device (2) via the outlet opening (6) can be triggered, wherein the release device (9) is designed as a fusible link (10).

Description

The invention relates to a fire protection device for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.WO 00 / 57 959 A1 discloses a fire extinguisher comprising a bottle having an interior, a fire extinguishing agent contained in the bottle when the fire extinguisher is in a pre-unloading state, a gas source for pressurizing the fire extinguishing agent at least when the bottle is in an unloading state, an outlet through which the fire extinguishing agent is ejected when the fire extinguisher is in the ejection state, and a valve having a valve element having a closed position sealing the outlet and an open position allowing the suppression agent to be ejected through the outlet, the valve element being slidable from the closed position to the open position in response to a pressure within the bottle exceeding a threshold ejection pressure, whereupon the fire extinguisher enters the discharge state and discharges the fire extinguishing agent through the outlet.Furthermore, DE 20 20 2019 102 367 U1 discloses a fire suppression system, in particular for battery systems, having a fire detection device, at least one extinguishing agent container for storing an extinguishing agent, at least one valve controllable by the fire detection device and having at least one nozzle connectable to the valve via fluid-conducting lines for releasing the extinguishing agent.In addition, DE 10 2011 075 318 A1 discloses a battery housing having an interior for accommodating galvanic cells, in particular lithium ion cells, which are equipped with at least one break-out point that can be opened in the event of failure of the cell.Furthermore, EP 3 880 314 B1 discloses a device for automatically extinguishing a fire or a fire that is broken out for a battery compartment or a motor vehicle.Furthermore, DE 10 2008 059 948 A1 discloses a method and a device for fire prevention and / or fire fighting for a Li-ion battery of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle.In addition, DE 10 2022 001 347 A1 discloses a battery cell for an electrical energy store of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle.Furthermore, DE 10 2018 112 284 A1 discloses a battery for a motor vehicle, having a battery wall surrounding a battery interior and an extinguishing agent reservoir arranged in the battery interior.Furthermore, DE 10 2021 105 356 A1 discloses a motor vehicle having a battery, which has a battery housing and at least one battery cell arranged in the battery housing, wherein the motor vehicle has an extinguishing agent line for guiding an extinguishing agent.From DE 103 92 254 T5, a modular fire detection and fire extinguishing system is known.It is the object of the invention to provide a fire protection device for a vehicle and a vehicle, so that a safety of the vehicle against a fire can be particularly increased.This object is achieved according to the invention by a fire protection device for a vehicle having the features of patent claim 1 and by a vehicle having such a fire protection device having the features of patent claim 8. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims and the description.A first aspect of the invention relates to a fire protection device for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle. The vehicle or the motor vehicle is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, for example as a passenger car.Preferably, the vehicle, in particular in its completely manufactured state, has the fire protection device. The fire protection device can also be referred to as a fire extinguishing device or as a fire extinguishing system. The fire protection device can be understood to mean, in particular, a fire protection device to be integrated into the vehicle or integrated into the vehicle.The fire protection device has at least one storage device which is designed, for example, as a container. At least one extinguishing agent can be stored or recorded in the storage device. In other words, the storage device is designed to store or to receive the extinguishing agent. The extinguishing agent is preferably an extinguishing fluid, for example carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, the extinguishing fluid is preferably an extinguishing gas.The fire protection device has at least one outlet opening, in particular through which the extinguishing agent can flow or flows, via which at least a part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device can be discharged or is discharged from the fire protection device, as a result of which at least one component of the vehicle, in particular formed separately from the fire protection device, can be or is acted upon, in particular directly, by the extinguishing agent. This means that at least the part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device can be discharged or is discharged from the fire protection device via the outlet opening in order to apply the extinguishing agent to the at least one component of the vehicle. In other words, it is provided that at least the part of the extinguishing agent stored or accommodated in the storage device can be supplied or is supplied to at least the component via the outlet opening in order, for example, to extinguish a fire of the component, i.e. the burning component, and / or to cool the component by means of the extinguishing agent in order, for example, to prevent the fire of the component, i.e. to prevent the fire of the component from arising. By discharging the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device or by applying the extinguishing agent to the component, a fire in the vehicle, in particular the component, can thus be combated, that is to say extinguished and / or prevented. Thus, the component is, for example, a burning component or a potentially burning component.The component is, for example, a component of a drive train, in particular of a drive device, of the vehicle. The vehicle can preferably be driven by means of the drive train, in particular by means of the drive device. For example, the component is designed as an internal combustion engine or as an electric machine, or the component is part of the internal combustion engine or of the electric machine. For example, the component is a valve, in particular an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve, of the internal combustion engine. For example, the component is a control device. For example, the component is an actuator for actuating at least one device of the vehicle.Furthermore, the fire protection device has at least one, in particular thermal, triggering device, by means of which the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device via the outlet opening or the application of the extinguishing agent to the component can be triggered or is triggered, that is to say can be initiated or is initiated. This means that the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device via the outlet opening or the application of the extinguishing agent to the component can be effected or is effected, in particular is controllable or controlled, by means of the triggering device. Thus, it is provided in particular that the removal of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device or the application of the extinguishing agent to the component can be prevented or prevented by means of the triggering device, namely in particular that the triggering by means of the triggering device is omitted. Triggering can be understood in particular as an automatic and / or targeted triggering. Furthermore, triggering can be understood to mean that at least the part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device can be discharged or is discharged from the storage device, whereby the extinguishing agent discharged from the storage device can be discharged or is discharged from the fire protection device via the outlet opening, in particular for loading the component with the extinguishing agent. Furthermore, triggering can be understood in particular to mean that the extinguishing agent discharged from the storage device, i.e. extinguishing agent located outside the storage device but nevertheless located inside the fire protection device, can be discharged or discharged from the fire protection device via the outlet opening.In order to be able to particularly increase safety with respect to a fire of the vehicle, the triggering device is designed according to the invention as a fusible link. In other words, it is provided that the triggering can be effected or is effected by at least partial melting of the triggering device or of the fuse, in particular at least partial melting of a melting body of the triggering device or of the fuse. This means that the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device via the outlet opening or the application of the extinguishing agent to the component is accompanied, in particular exclusively, during the at least partial melting of the triggering device or the fuse, in particular of the melting body.This can be understood to mean, in particular, the following: For discharging the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device or for acting on the component with the extinguishing agent, at least one cross section, which can also be referred to as a flow cross section, is to be flowed through by the extinguishing agent. This cross section is part of the fire protection device. For example, the outlet opening, the storage device or another component of the fire protection device has this cross section. In a normal state of the fuse, the cross section, in particular completely, is closed or blocked by the fuse, in particular the fuse body. As a result, the extinguishing agent cannot flow through the cross section in the normal state. This means that the flow of the cross section in the normal state is omitted. If a temperature of the fuse, in particular of the fusible body, exceeds a predefined temperature, that is to say if an, in particular current, temperature of the fuse, in particular of the fusible body, is higher than the predefined or predefined threshold value, then the fuse, in particular the fusible body, at least partially melts. The threshold value can therefore also be referred to as the melting temperature. In particular, during the melting, the melting body changes from its solid initial state into a liquid state. If the fuse or the fusible body melts, that is to say if the temperature is greater than the threshold value, the fuse is in a safety state, which can also be referred to as a fusible state. Thus, the fuse can transition from the normal state, which can also be referred to as the initial state, into the safety state when the fusible body melts or when the threshold value is exceeded as mentioned above. In the safety state, the cross section is at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, released, that is to say in particular released from the melting body, in particular by the melting of the melting body. This means that the blocking or closing of the cross section by means of the melting body is omitted in the safety state. In this way, it is provided that the extinguishing agent can flow through or is flowed through the cross section in the safety state, whereby the extinguishing agent can be discharged via the outlet opening, in particular for acting on the component, in the safety state. Because the triggering device is designed as the melting device, the triggering device is in particular not designed as an electrical triggering device. This means that the aforementioned triggering in particular cannot be electrically effected or is effected.The invention is based in particular on the following findings and considerations: remotely triggered extinguishing devices, for example in the form of CO 2- extinguishing devices, are known from the prior art. For this purpose, extinguishing gas or a extinguishing agent store for extinguishing gas can be installed, for example, in engines of aircraft, wherein this extinguishing gas can be remotely released. Furthermore, triggering mechanisms of sprinkler systems are also known from the prior art. Since thermal events could in principle occur in the area of vehicle drives, for example in vehicles operated with internal combustion engines or in vehicles driven with electrical storage, a system and a method can be particularly advantageous which, for example in new and inventory vehicles, combat an autonomous extinguishing of a locally occurring thermal event, for example in the form of a fire. However, this can conventionally be associated with particularly great technical complexity and can conventionally only be possible by remote mechanical or electrical triggering. However, such a conventional triggering can be error-prone and / or particularly complicated.In contrast, the fire protection device according to the invention can avoid the aforementioned disadvantages. Since an imminent or actually occurring thermal event, that is to say, for example, an imminent fire or an actually occurring fire, is in particular always associated with a temperature increase, the thermal event can thus be detected particularly reliably by the fuse. This is because, due to the physical phenomenon of the change in the state of aggregation with respect to the melting, the melting of the melting body can thus be ensured, in particular always, during the aforementioned temperature increase. In this case, additional, for example electrical and / or mechanical, components of a conventional triggering device can be dispensed with, as a result of which the thermal event can be detected not only in a particularly reliable manner but also in a particularly low-complexity manner. In the case of the thermal event, the fire avoidance or cooling of the component by means of the extinguishing agent can thus be initiated automatically, in particular locally limited, by the triggering device identified as a fuse. This means that the fuse can be used to specifically restrict or control the, in particular, local thermal event. By means of the fire protection device according to the invention, a particularly simple system or method for, in particular, local, independent extinguishing of fires of the component in the vehicle construction space can therefore be made possible. Thus, vehicle fires can be particularly safely avoided. As a result, both for a real security of the vehicle and for a user of the vehicle, the security of the vehicle or a security requirement of the user also referred to as vehicle user can be particularly increased psychologically.Furthermore, it is provided that the fire protection device has at least one, in particular permanent, marking device which is visible from the outside to a person and by means of which, in particular to the person, the triggering of the triggering device or the fuse, that is to say the removal of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device via the outlet opening can be displayed or is displayed, in particular optically. In other words, the marking device is in a first optical state when the triggering device has not yet triggered, that is to say when no extinguishing agent has yet been discharged from the fire protection device via the outlet opening, and the marking device is in a second optical state different from the first optical state when the triggering device has triggered, that is to say when the extinguishing agent is discharged or has been discharged via the outlet opening. This can be understood in particular to mean that the marking device looks different in the optical states, which means that the marking device looks different in the first optical state than in the second optical state. This different appearance can be caused, for example, by the shape and / or color of the marking device. As a result, the person can understand particularly securely whether the triggering device has already triggered or has not yet triggered. This is advantageous in particular when the extinguishing agent is a non-visible gas. The triggering of the triggering device or the triggering of the fire protection device can thus be communicated to the person in a particularly secure manner, as a result of which, for example, a check of the vehicle can be initiated. Furthermore, in the event of damage, for example, a person skilled in the art can subsequently identify the local thermal event and thus, for example, infer causes. In the present case, the fact that the marking device is visible to the person from the outside is understood to mean that the marking device is visible to the person from the outside of the fire protection device. This visibility means that the person does not have to disassemble the fire protection device, in particular, in order to be able to see the marking device.Furthermore, it is provided that the marking device has at least one, in particular mechanical, release bolt, which is to be released or is released when the release device is released. In other words, when the triggering device is triggered, that is to say when the extinguishing agent is discharged from the fire protection device via the outlet opening, the triggering of the triggering bolt is associated. The triggering of the triggering bolt can be understood in particular to mean a movement of the triggering bolt from a first position into a second position different from the first position. For example, the release bolt is not visible to the person in the first position and the release bolt is visible to the person, for example, in the second position. As a result, the triggering of the triggering device or the fire device, i.e. a thermal event that has already occurred, can be displayed to the person in a particularly reliable manner.Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the marking device has at least one marking element, which is visible in particular to the person and by means of which the triggering of the triggering device can be indicated or is displayed by mechanically acting on the marking element by the extinguishing agent. This means that when the marker element is mechanically acted upon by the extinguishing agent, the indication of the triggering of the triggering device by means of the marker element is accompanied. For example, the marking element is designed as a marking plug arranged in particular in the receiving opening. As a result, the triggering of the triggering device or of the fire protection device, i.e. the thermal event that has already taken place, can be displayed to the person in a particularly reliable manner.Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the marking device has at least one marking element, which is visible in particular to the person and which can be referred to in particular as a second marking element. In this case, it is provided that the triggering of the triggering device, i.e. the removal of the extinguishing agent via the sliding opening from the fire protection device, can be indicated or is indicated by a color change of the marking element caused or to be caused by a temperature change of the second marking element, by means of the second marking element. In other words, the second marking element has a first color at a first temperature and the marking element has a second color different from the first color at a temperature different from the first temperature. The temperature change can be understood in particular as a temperature reduction, i.e. cooling, or a temperature increase, i.e. heating. The temperature reduction results, for example, from the second marking element being acted upon by the extinguishing agent. The temperature increase results, for example, from an ambient temperature which may be caused, for example, by the fire or a particularly high temperature of the component. Thus, automatic marking in the form of discoloration of the marking element can be effected by means of the second marking element, whereby the person can see whether or not extinguishing agent has been released. Furthermore, for example, the person skilled in the art can subsequently identify the local thermal event and, as a result of the discoloration of the second marking element, optionally can reproduce the temperature of the thermal event and / or the triggering process. The color change is preferably irreversible. This means that the second marking element is designed as a permanent marking element. For example, the second marking element is an irreversible, in particular temperature-sensitive, label. In particular, the marking element is formed separately from the release bolt.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the storage device and the outlet opening are fluidically connectable or connected to one another via a line element, for example at least indirectly or directly. This means that at least the part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device can be discharged or is discharged from the storage device via the line element, and in particular can be introduced or is introduced into the line element, wherein the extinguishing agent discharged from the storage device or the extinguishing agent introduced into the line element can be or is guided to the outlet opening via the line element, in particular in order to discharge the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device via the outlet opening. The fuse is arranged at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, in the line element. In other words, the fuse, in particular the fusible body, extends at least in regions, in particular predominantly or completely, within the line element. Thus, the line element comprises, for example, the aforementioned cross section. This makes it possible to trigger the discharge of the extinguishing agent by means of the melting device particularly low in outlay. Furthermore, the triggering can also be carried out particularly reliably, since, for example, the line element can be thermally coupled, in particular in a particularly low-complexity manner, to a surrounding area of the fire protection device which in particular becomes fire within the vehicle, as a result of which the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device can be effected by increasing the temperature in the surrounding area by means of the fuse located within the line element.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the fuse, in particular the fusible body, is formed at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, from metal, in particular from an, in particular metallic solder, from tin, a tin alloy, and / or a lead alloy. Alternatively or additionally, the fuse, in particular the fusible body, is formed, for example, at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, from plastic or from wax. In other words, at least one material of the fuse to be fused is formed from metal, in particular from the solder, tin, the tin alloy and / or the lead alloy, or from plastic or from wax. This makes it possible to trigger, in particular melting, in a particularly reliable manner. For example, the fusible body is formed in the shape of a pin, that is to say in particular as a pin, for example as a metal pin.In a further embodiment, it is provided that, by discharging the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device via the outlet opening, the extinguishing agent can be applied or is applied to the component arranged in a receiving space of the vehicle, in particular directly, wherein the storage device, in particular the outlet opening and / or the line element, is arranged in the receiving space. In other words, the fire protection device, in particular at least the storage device, and the component are arranged in the receiving space, that is to say in one and the same receiving space. Thus, the outlet opening leads, for example, into the receiving space. This embodiment is based in particular on the finding that a line guide for the extinguishing agent cannot be fitted or retrofitted into any installation space without any problems, in particular transversely through the vehicle. The fire protection device, in particular the storage device, can therefore be installed in the receiving space in particular directly where the fire protection device is to be used, namely in particular for applying the extinguishing agent to the component. The fire protection device, in particular the storage device, can therefore be arranged or arranged particularly close to the component, in particular directly. The fire protection device is thus in particular a fire protection device to be inserted or inserted locally, in particular for the component. As a result, the fire protection device can be retrofitted in the vehicle with particularly low outlay. As a result, the fire protection device can be suitable in particular as a retrofit kit for each vehicle, in particular the motor vehicle.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the fire protection device has at least one housing element, which can be referred to as a housing or simply just as a housing. The housing element has at least one fastening device, by means of which the fire protection device is held or held, for example at least in a mediumable or direct manner, preferably magnetically, or by means of at least one adhesive connection or by means of at least one clamping connection, on a structural element of the vehicle, which structural element is formed in particular separately from the fire protection device. In other words, the fire protection device can be fastened or fastened to the structural element via the fastening device or by means of the fastening device, magnetically or by means of the at least one adhesive connection or by means of the at least one clamping connection. As a result, the fire protection device can be designed to be particularly compact and, in particular, can be retrofitted, can be arranged in the vehicle with particularly low outlay, for example in the receiving space. The magnetic holding or magnetic fastening can be understood in particular to mean holding or fastening by means of at least one magnetic connection on the component. By means of the magnetic connection, the fire protection device can be held particularly securely on the structural element and can be removed from the structural element, in particular reversibly, for example with a particularly low outlay. By means of the adhesive connection or the clamping connection, the fire protection device can be fastened to the structural element in a particularly low-cost manner, in particular in a particularly cost-effective manner. The component may be the aforementioned component or the component may be formed separately from the component.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the storage device is designed as a replaceable cartridge. This means that the storage device or the cartridge can be changed, i.e. exchanged. The cartridge can be understood to mean, in particular, a cartridge for extinguishing, for example a CO2 lösch. The cartridge can also be referred to as a gas cartridge. Because the storage device is designed as an exchangeable cartridge, the cartridge or the storage device can be exchanged with particularly low outlay, for example when it is emptied, that is to say can be replaced in particular by a storage device or cartridge filled with the extinguishing agent. A locally inserted extinguishing cartridge in the form of the storage device can thus be provided. This means that the extinguishing cartridge with a thermally activatable trigger in the form of a fuse, for example as a retrofitting system for inventory vehicles, can be adapted and used at least in the vicinity of the potentially thermally conspicuous or vulnerable component.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the fire protection device has at least one transmission device for transmitting the triggering of the triggering device, i.e. the triggering of the discharge of the extinguishing agent via the outlet opening from the fire protection device, to at least one electronic computing device. This means that the triggering of the triggering device or the fuse can be sent or is sent, in particular can be transmitted or is transmitted, in particular can be transmitted or is transmitted, by means of the transmission device, in particular directly, to the electronic computing device. As a result, in particular when the triggering has been transmitted to the electronic computing device, the triggering of the triggering device can be stored in a memory by means of the electronic computing device. This allows an evaluation to be carried out as to how and where a fire occurs or can arise in the vehicle. Furthermore, a manipulation safety can be particularly improved. This is because if the vehicle already had a fire, such a fire can be documented by storing the triggering, as a result of which the vehicle or a critical component triggering the fire can be pulled out of the traffic, for example, and / or further sale can be prevented. The electronic computing device can be part of the vehicle or the electronic computing device can be formed separately from the vehicle, in particular arranged outside the vehicle. The electronic computing device can be part of the fire protection device or the electronic computing device can be formed separately from the fire protection device. The memory may be part of the electronic computing device or the memory may be formed separately from the electronic computing device.A second aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, wherein the vehicle has at least one fire protection device according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous provisions of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous provisions of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.A further aspect relates to a method for operating a fire protection device, in particular according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous configurations of the first and second aspects of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the further aspect and vice versa.Further features of the invention are evident from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or alone.The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a vehicle according to the invention; and FIG. 2 shows a schematic, transparent side view of a fire protection device according to the inventionIn the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with identical reference symbolsFIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a vehicle 1, which is designed as a motor vehicle in the exemplary embodiment. In this case, the motor vehicle is designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car. In FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 is partially shown transparently. Alternatively, the vehicle 1 can also be another vehicle, for example a recreational vehicle or a boat.The vehicle 1 has at least one fire protection device 2 which has at least one storage device 3. FIG. 2 shows the fire protection device 2 in a schematic side view. In this case, the fire protection device 2 is illustrated at least partially transparent. At least one extinguishing agent, in particular extinguishing fluid, for example extinguishing gas, can be stored or stored in the storage device 3. For example, the extinguishing agent or extinguishing gas is CO 2. In the present case, the storage device 3 has at least one wall 4 which delimits or forms a storage space 5 provided for storing the extinguishing agent at least partially, in particular remaining or completely. Thus, in the present case, the storage device 3 has the storage space 5. The storage space 5 can be understood to mean, in particular, a receiving region of the storage device 3 provided for the extinguishing agent.The fire protection device 2 further comprises at least one outlet opening 6, in particular through which the extinguishing agent can flow or flows, via which at least a part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device 3 can be discharged or is discharged from the fire protection device 2, as a result of which at least one component 7 of the vehicle 1, in particular formed separately from the fire protection device 2, can preferably be directly acted upon or is acted upon by the extinguishing agent, in particular for extinguishing a fire and / or for cooling.The component 7 is arranged, for example, in an, in particular front-side, receiving space 8 of the vehicle 1. The accommodation space 8 is, for example, an engine room. In other words, the receiving space 8 is designed as an engine compartment. For example, the component 7 is designed as an actuator. For example, component 7 is a valve device, in particular an exhaust gas recirculation valve, of an internal combustion engine of vehicle 1.Furthermore, the fire protection device 2 has at least one triggering device 9, which is formed in particular separately from the storage device 3 and by means of which the discharge of the extinguishing agent via the outlet opening from the fire protection device 2 and thereby the application of the extinguishing agent to the component 7 can be triggered or is triggered, that is to say can be effected or is effected. Thus, by means of the triggering device 9, the removal of at least the part of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device 3 from the fire protection device 2 can be effected, in particular when the component 7 burns or a fire of the component 7 threatens. The component 7 can thus be a potential fire source, wherein the fire of the component 7 can be prevented particularly safely by means of the fire protection device 2, in particular by triggering the triggering device 9. Thus, by discharging the extinguishing agent via the outlet opening 6 from the fire protection device 2, for example, the receiving space 8 can be flooded at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, with the extinguishing agent.In order to be able to particularly increase safety with respect to a fire of the vehicle 1, in particular the fire of the component 7, the triggering device 9 is designed as a fuse 10, which in particular has at least one fusible body 11. The triggering device 9 is thus a trigger that can be activated or activated thermally by melting, in particular by melting the melting body 11. The fire protection device 2, in particular the storage device 3, is thus provided with the fuse 10 as a thermal trigger. As a result, the triggering device 9 can function as a fuse 10, that is to say in the manner or according to a principle of a fuse 10, as a result of which, in the event of a thermal event occurring, in particular in the region of the component 7, the storage device 3 can be opened, in particular automatically, and the thermal event can be controlled, in particular locally, for example by oxygen displacement or cooling, for example cooling by gas expansion. In the event of the thermal event, this can thereby be locally limited and erased or cooled automatically. A melting temperature of the fusible body 11 is 130° C., for example.As shown in FIG. 2, it is provided in the exemplary embodiment that the fire protection device 2 has a line element 12 which is formed, in particular separately from the storage device 3 and / or from the outlet opening 6, in particular through which the extinguishing agent can flow or flows, and via which the storage device 3 and the outlet opening 6 can be or are connected to one another, for example, directly, in a fluidic manner. In the present case, the fuse 10 or the triggering device 9, in particular the fusible body 11, is arranged in the line element 12, that is to say within the line element 12. As shown in FIG. 2, in the exemplary embodiment, the line element 12 has a first opening 12 aat one end, via which the storage device 3, in particular for discharging the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device 3, is for example directly, fluidically connectable or connected. As a result, the extinguishing agent can be introduced from the storage device 3 into the line element 12. Furthermore, the line element 12 in the present case has at the other end a second opening 12 b, which is in particular spaced apart from the first opening 12 aand which is in particular fluidically connectable or connected to the outlet opening 6. As a result, the extinguishing agent introduced into the line element 12 can be guided to the discharge opening 6 via the second opening 12 b.For example, the fuse 10, in particular the fusible body 11, is formed at least partially from metal, in particular from a solder, tin, a tin alloy and / or a lead alloy, or from plastic or from wax. For example, it is provided that the fuse 10, in particular the fusible body 11, consists of at least one of the aforementioned materials. The fuse 10 can be aligned, in particular in a targeted manner, to a corresponding or desired melting temperature by means of the aforementioned materials, as a result of which the fire or the imminent fire can be detected particularly reliably and the fire can therefore be deleted or prevented particularly reliably.In the exemplary embodiment, the fire protection device 2 is arranged, in particular completely, in the receiving space 8, that is to say within the receiving space 8. Thus, both the fire protection device 2 and the component 7 can be located in the receiving space 8. In particular, at least the storage device 3 is located in the receiving space 8, and the fire protection device 2 can thereby be arranged in the vehicle with particularly low outlay, in particular as a retrofitting solution, and can be arranged locally, at least in the vicinity of the component 7, for example.In the exemplary embodiment, the fire protection device has at least one housing element 13. For example, the fire protection device 2, in particular at least the storage device 3, is at least partially, in particular predominantly or completely, mechanically enclosed by the housing element. As a result, the housing element 13 can also be referred to as a housing or as a casing. Preferably, the housing element 13 is temperature-resistant. In the present case, the housing element 13 is formed separately from the storage device 3, in particular separately from the wall 4. Alternatively, however, it may be possible for the housing element 13 to be formed at least partially by the storage device 3, in particular by the wall 4. In particular, alternatively, the housing element 13 can be the wall 4. For example, the fire protection device 2, in particular the housing element 13, has at least one fastening device 14, by means of which the fire protection device 2 is held or held, preferably magnetically, and / or by means of at least one adhesive connection, on a structural element 15 of the vehicle 1, which structural element is formed in particular separately from the fire protection device 2. In the exemplary embodiment, the structural element 15 is the component 7. this means that in the present case the fire protection device 2 is held or held on the component 7, in particular directly, via the fastening device 14, in particular magnetically, and / or by means of the at least one adhesive connection. The housing element 13 can thus have at least one, in particular temperature-resistant, magnet and / or at least one, in particular temperature-resistant, adhesive surface, for example for fastening to a dry, grease-free substrate. Alternatively or additionally, the fire protection device 2 is held or held on the structural element 15 or the component 7 via the fastening device 14, for example by means of at least one clamping connection, in particular at least in a central manner directly. The fastening device 14 can thus be designed as a clamping holder or at least comprise the mentioned clamping holder. As a result, the fire protection device 2, in particular the storage device 3, preferably including the triggering device 9, can be installed on the, in particular critical, component 7 in a targeted manner in a particularly low-complexity manner. The fire protection device 2 can thus be locally connected to the structural element 15 or the component 7.The storage device 3 is preferably designed as a replaceable cartridge 16. As a result, the storage device 3 can be removed from the fire protection device 2 in a particularly low-complexity manner, in particular, and can be replaced, for example, by a new specimen, which is filled in particular with the extinguishing agent.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the outlet opening 6 is formed by a diffuser 17. The diffuser 17 can thus have the outlet opening 6. For example, the diffuser 17 is fluidically connectable or connected to the line element 12 via the second opening 12 b, in particular directly. By means of the diffuser 17, the extinguishing agent can expand, in particular via the outlet opening 6, that is to say be discharged under expansion, from the fire protection device 2, in particular in order to act on the component 7. As a result, a temperature of the extinguishing agent, in particular extinguishing gas, exiting via the outlet opening 6 can be kept particularly low. As a result, the component 7 can be cooled particularly well and / or the fire can be combated particularly effectively.In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that fire protection device 2 has at least one marking device 18 that is visible to a person from the outside, by means of which the triggering of triggering device 9, i.e., in particular the melting of fuse 10, in particular melting body 11, can be indicated or displayed. For this purpose, the marking device 18 has, for example, at least one release bolt, not shown in the figures, which is to be released or releases when the release device 9 is released, in particular when the fuse 10 melts or when the fusible body 11 melts. As a result, the person can be informed of the intact extinguishing cartridge by the mechanical release bolt, that is to say whether the extinguishing cartridge is intact or is not intact. The intact extinguishing cartridge can be understood in particular to mean that no extinguishing agent has yet been discharged from the extinguishing cartridge. The non-intact extinguishing cartridge can be understood in particular to mean that at least a part of the extinguishing agent has already been discharged from the extinguishing cartridge. In order to be able to show the triggering, in particular the triggering bolt, to the person particularly securely, it is provided, for example, that the triggering bolt is emphasized in color, that is to say has at least one emphasized in color, in particular with respect to the surroundings of the triggering bolt.Alternatively or additionally, the marking device 18 has, for example, at least one first marking element 19, by means of which the triggering of the triggering device 9, i.e. the melting of the fuse 10 or of the fusible body 11, can be indicated or displayed by mechanically acting on the first marking element 19 from the extinguishing agent, in particular one which has flowed out or out of the storage device 3. As a result, a safety marking in the form of the first marking element 19, in particular automatically, can be activated mechanically by the outflow of the extinguishing gas or a gas pressure resulting therefrom. The first marking element 19 is designed, for example, as a marking plug, which can also be referred to as "marking plug triggering". In the exemplary embodiment, the first marking element 19 is arranged, in particular directly, in the outlet opening 6, in particular in the diffuser 17.Alternatively or additionally, the marking device 18 has at least one second marking element 20, by means of which the triggering of the triggering device 9, i.e. the melting of the fuse 10 or of the fusible body 11, can be indicated or is displayed by the color change of the second marking element 20 caused by a temperature change of the second marking element 20. Thus, for example, in the event of an overtemperature and / or undercooling of the second marking element 20, the person can recognize the already triggered extinguishing cartridge and a functional extinguishing cartridge, in particular one which is not already triggered. In this case, it is to be assumed in particular in the case of the thermal event that, for example, in a first step, a temperature of the marking element 20, for example by heat released during the fire, can be increased in such a way that an irreversible thermal characterization of the second marking element 20 changes color due to the heat. When the extinguishing agent escapes from the storage device 3, the second marking element 20 can, on the other hand, become forcibly very cold or particularly cold, for example by exposure to the extinguishing agent, which can likewise result in irreversible discoloration of the marking. This can be particularly pronounced if the extinguishing fluid is CO 2. For example, the second marking element 20 is arranged, in particular directly on the storage device 3, in particular on the wall 4, for example on an outer side pointing outwards. For example, the second marking element 20 is designed as a label, which can also be referred to as a temperature label. Thus, the sticker can be a thermally irreversibly colored or colored sticker when the fuse 10 or the extinguishing cartridge is triggered. It is particularly advantageous if a color intensity of the discoloration or a color of the second marking element 20 depends on the temperature of the second marking element 20.In a further embodiment, it is provided, for example, that the fire protection device 2 has at least one transmission device for transmitting the triggering of the triggering device 9, i.e., the melting of the fuse 10 or the melting body 11, to an electronic computing device 21. In the exemplary embodiment, the electronic computing device 21 is part of the vehicle 1, that is to say is arranged in particular in the vehicle 1. For example, the electronic computing device 21 is designed as a control device which is provided, for example, for metadata storage, in particular for metadata storage of sequence parts. In particular, the fire protection device 2 can be coupled or is coupled to the electronic computing device 21 via the transmission device. Coupling can be understood here in particular as electronic or data-transmitting coupling. For example, the fire protection device 2 has at least one, in particular additional, marking with a marking which is designed, for example, as an RF-ID marking or as a barcode. The fire protection device 2, also referred to as the extinguishing device, can be coupled to the vehicle 1, in particular the electronic computing device 21, via this marking and monitored, for example, for a regular exchange. The identifier can be read in and stored in suitable control units of the vehicle 1, for example in the form of the electronic computing device 21. With regular inspection of the vehicle 1, it is thus also possible to track and check a state and / or a service life of the fire protection device 2.Overall, it can be seen that a system and a method for an autonomous and universal extinguishing device are created by means of the fire protection device 2 by means of a gas cartridge in the automobile environment and particularly exposed construction spaces, in particular without electronic control, by means of fusible bodies.For example, it can be provided that, in addition to the fuse 10, an optional remote radio triggering is provided in order to be able to trigger the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device 2 via the outlet opening 6.List of reference characters1 Vehicle 2 Fire protection device 3 Storage device 4 Wall 5 Storage space 6 Outlet opening 7 Component 8 Receiving space 9 Triggering device 10 Fuse 11 Fusible body 12 Line element 12 aFirst opening 12 bSecond opening 13 Housing element 14 Fastening device 15 Component 16 Cartridge 17 Diffuser 18 Marking device 19 First marking element 20 Second marking element 21 Electronic computing device.

Claims

Fire protection device (2) for a vehicle (1), in particular a motor vehicle, having a storage device (3) in which an extinguishing agent can be stored, having an outlet opening (6) via which at least some of the extinguishing agent stored in the storage device (3) can be discharged from the fire protection device (2), as a result of which at least one component (7) of the vehicle (1) can be acted upon by the extinguishing agent, and having a triggering device (10), by means of which the discharge of the extinguishing agent from the fire protection device (2) can be triggered via the outlet opening (6), wherein the triggering device (9) is designed as a fuse (10) and the fire protection device (2) has a marking device (8) which is visible to a person from the outside and by means of which the triggering of the triggering device (9) can be indicated, characterized in that • the marking device (18) has at least one triggering bolt, which is to be triggered when triggering the triggering device (9), and / or • the marking device (18) has at least one marking element (19), by means of which the triggering of the triggering device (9) can be indicated by the extinguishing agent acting on the marking element (19) mechanically, and / or • the marking device (18) has at least one marking element (20), by means of which the triggering of the triggering device (9) can be indicated by a colour change of the marking element (20) caused by a temperature change of the marking element (20).Fire protection device (2) according to claim 1, characterised in that the storage device (3) and the outlet opening (6) are fluidically connected to one another via a line element (12), in which the fuse (10) is arranged.Fire protection device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the fuse is formed at least partially from metal, in particular from a solder, tin, a tin alloy and / or a lead alloy, or from plastic or from wax.Fire protection device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, as a result of the extinguishing agent being discharged from the fire protection device (2) via the outlet opening (6), the extinguishing agent can act on the component (7) arranged in a receiving space (8) of the vehicle (1), wherein the storage device (3) is to be arranged in the receiving space (8).Fire protection device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya housing element (13) which has a fastening device (14) by means of which the fire protection device (2) is to be held, preferably magnetically or by means of an adhesive connection or by means of a clamping connection, on a structural element (15) of the vehicle (1).Fire protection device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage device (3) is designed as a replaceable cartridge (16).Fire protection device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya transmission device for transmitting the triggering of the triggering device (9) to an electronic computing device (21).Vehicle (1), in particular motor vehicle, having at least one fire protection device (2) according to one of the preceding claims.

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